【英语】九年级下册英语阅读理解提高训练(1)

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编
1．请阅读下面短文，从每小段所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

I'm writing this article in China, far away from my home in the United States. You might wonder what I do to remember my mom on Mother's Day. Well, I certainly call her to say "Happy Mother's Day" and promise that I will visit home soon.
I still remember the first time I forget Mother's Day. When I finally figured it out, I asked, "Why does mom get a special holiday? Why isn't there a Children's Day for us?
My mom explained, in that way that only moms seem to be able in explain, "Because every day is Children's Day!"
I knew that I had messed up. I thought about all the time and love my mom had given me. I thought about the food she had made, the toys she had brought and the long hours she had spent with me. There might not be a perfect mom, but there is mom's love, which can fix anything. After that day, for 364 days, I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day.
That was the first year l forgot Mother's Day. It was also the last year I forgot.
Are you struggling to consider what to do for your mom on Mother's Day?
Common things are to write a message that thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is - DON'T FORGET!
（1）How does the writer celebrate Mother's Day this year?
A. He calls his mom.
B. He send his mom a card.
C. He visits home to see his mom.
（2）What might the underlined phrase "figure out" means?
A. 弄清楚
B. 预料到
C. 归纳出
（3）Why did the writer begin to expect Mother's Day?
A. Because he missed his mom far in the United States.
B. Because he wanted to spend more time with his mom.
C. Because he realized he had got much care from his mom.
（4）What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To explain why there isn't a Children's Day
B. To advise us not to forget to keep our own promises.
C. To remind us to remember the love mom has given us.
（5）Which is the best title for the passage?
A. An Interesting Talk
B. An Important Day
C. An Expensive Gift
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：母爱的伟大的，我们要时刻记着，尤其是当母亲节到来的时候，给她一身问候，或者一张贺卡表达你对母亲的关爱，千万不要忘了。

（1）细节理解题，根据Well, l certainly call her to say “Happy Mother's Day”可知，作者给妈
妈打电话祝贺。

故答案是A。

（2）词义猜测题，由第二段段意可知，作者忘记母亲节了，后来________后，我对妈妈发问。

将选项带进去可知，填“弄清楚”最合适。

故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据 expect Mother's Day 可以定位到 After that day，for 364 days，I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day. 往前找答案，可以总结出妈妈给了作者很多关爱，故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Common things are to write a message that thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is 一DON'T FORGET!可知，作者建议我们不要忘记母亲节，记得妈妈给我们的爱。

故答案是B。

（5）标题判断题，全篇围绕母亲节这一节日话题展开，所以选An Important Day。

故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和标题判断题。

细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案。

2．阅读理解
There are many wonderful literature works（文学作品）in the world, they are still popular after so many years.
Robinson Crusoe is one of the most famous adventure（探险）
novels in England. It was written by Daniel Defoe, an English novelist.
The novel has been popular for centuries. The main character in it is
an Englishman named Robinson Crusoe. It tells about his adventure on
a desert island after his ship was broken in a terrible storm. He is a
hero fighting against nature and human fate（命运）. He is one of
the most successful characters in English novels.
Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a work of children's literature
by a British writer, Lewis Carroll. It tells the story of a girl named Alice
who falls down a rabbit—hole into a wonderland. Many strange
things happen to her and she also meets many playing cards and
creatures（生物）that can talk. Finally, she finds everything is just a
part of a wonderful dream.
Harry Potter is a set of fantasy（魔幻的）novels written by the
British author J. K. Rowling. She was born on July 30, 1965. The
success of the novels has made her the most highly—paid novelist in
history. The idea for Harry Potter came to her in 1990 during a train
ride. The story is about seven years' life of an orphan （孤儿）Potter
who learns magic. There are seven books in total.
Robinson had his adventure .
A. on the ship
B. on a desert island
C. in the forest
D. along the river （2）According to the passage, is a man who is fighting against nature and fate.
A. Robinson Crusoe
B. Daniel Defoe
C. Harry Potter
D. Lewis Carroll （3）In fact, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a story of a .
A. real adventure
B. magical boy
C. terrible experience
D. wonderful dream （4）We can know that has been the most highly—paid novelist in history.
A. Hemingway
B. J. K. Rowling
C. Lewis Carroll
D. Alice
（5）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Adventure novels.
B. Fantasy novels.
C. Children's literature.
D. Historical novels.【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了仍然受到人们欢迎的文学作品：《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《爱丽丝梦游仙境》和《哈利波特》
（1）细节理解题，根据It tells about his adventure on a desert island after his ship was broken in a terrible storm.可知鲁滨逊在一个荒岛上冒险，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据The main character in it is an Englishman named Robinson Crusoe. It tells about his adventure on a desert island after his ship was broken in a terrible storm. He is a hero fighting against nature and human fate（命运）.可知鲁滨逊是一个以自然斗争与命运抗争的英雄，故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据Finally, she finds everything is just a part of a wonderful dream.可知，爱丽丝梦游仙境实际上是一个优美的梦境，故答案是D。

（4）细节理解题，根据Harry Potter is a set of fantasy（魔幻的）novels written by the British author J. K. Rowling.The success of the novels has made her the most highly—paid novelist in history.可知J K罗琳是历史上收入最多的小说家，故答案是B。

（5）正误判断题，根据小说内容可知，文章涉及到了三种小说类型，分别是：冒险小说、幻想小说、和儿童文学，并没有历史小说，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解题，文章涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题可以直接从短文中找到答案，争取判断题则需要根据短文内容对做给出的句子作出正误判定。

3．阅读理解
People in different countries speak different languages. But is there a language that can be
understood by everyone in the world? If there is, the answer might be EMOJIS（表情符号）.
Emojis are a kind of special language. Pictures are used to put meaning across. A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014. They show what people think about and like.
Emojis can be used to represent（代表） different groups of people. In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones（肤色） were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.
But there is also more to emojis. They can also refer to（指的是）pop culture and new cultural trends（潮流）.
New emojis in 2019 also include several animals, such as sloths（树懒） and flamingos（火烈鸟）. These animals are not very common, but are known to many people. For example, sloths have become popular because of the 2016 film Zootopia（《疯狂动物城》）. Many fashion designers（设计师） have included flamingos in their designs in recent years. This animal makes people feel like they're on a vacation.
It seems that emojis are a mirror of the world we live in. It will be interesting to see how they change and grow in the years to come.
（1）Emojis use to express ideas.
A. music
B. sounds
C. words
D. pictures
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The Unicode Consortium.
B. An emoji.
C. A country.
D. A language.（3）In which year were emojis of disabled people added?
A. In 2014.
B. In 2015.
C. In 2016.
D. In 2019.
（4）According to the passage, emojis include the following EXCEPT .
A. people with different skin tones
B. popular films
C. some interesting animals
D. different jobs
（5）Which sentence is Not True according to the passage?
A. People all over the world might understand emojis.
B. Emojis can represent pop culture.
C. Many fashion designers used sloths in their works.
D. Emojis are changing and growing every year.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍表情符号的发展史和用途及意义。

（1）细节题。

根据Pictures are used to put meaning across.可知，表情符号通过图画来表达
想法，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据A group called the Unicode Consortium works on choosing emojis. It has added new emojis every year since 2014.可知，it在这里指代the Unicode Consortium（统一编码组织），故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据This year, emojis of disabled people were added including emojis of blind people and people in wheelchairs.可知，此处的this year指2019年，即是2019年残疾人被增加到表情符号中，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据In 2015, emoji faces with different skin tones（肤色）were added. In 2016, different jobs were added , such as doctor, police officer and painter. New emojis in 2019 also include several animals,可知，文章提到了表情符号包括肤色，有趣的动物和不同的工作，但是未提到电影，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据Many fashion designers（设计师）have included flamingos in their designs in recent years.可知，许多设计师在他们的作品里使用了火烈鸟，而不是树懒，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

细节题和词义猜测题是阅读理解题中常考题型。

细节题需要从文中寻找答案；词句猜测题需要联系上下文，推出词句的意思。

4．阅读理解
Dereck and Beverly are wildlife animal filmmakers（电影制片人）. They have made lots of films about animals and plants.
Their job is to keep and protect the big cats of Africa from damage（伤害）. Beverly also takes photos of the lions and her pictures have appeared in National Geographic magazines.
When they were kids, Dereck was quiet and healthy, he was good at math and science. Beverly had a twin brother. At that time, her brother and she often got their mother into trouble! Beverly was a dancer, an athlete, played the piano （not very well）, and was a class leader. Her favourite subject was science and she always got excellent grades in her science exams.
When in the field, their work starts at around 4 am. After drinking a cup of tea, they drive out into a bush（灌木丛）to find their subjects. Sometimes that is a lion pride（群）. Lions are family animals, they usually live in groups of 15 or more. Sometimes that is a single leopard（花豹）. They follow the animals for the day, filming, researching, and collecting facts, information or pictures. They don't stop working even when they have lunch. They are often back in camp by 8 pm.
When talki ng about the favourite places to explore, Dereck says, “We live in it!” Beverly thinks being in nature is her favourite. Dereck thinks running or taking a swim in the Okavango swamp （沼泽）—especially swimming close to crocodile（鳄鱼）is great fun, but Beverly says,
"Swimming is fun but crazy in these waters."
（1）From the second paragraph, we can know when they were kids,______________.
A. Dereck was outgoing
B. Beverly was quiet and healthy
C. Beverly could play the piano very well
D. Dereck and Beverly were both good at science
（2）When Dereck and Beverly are in the field, the right time order（时间顺序）is that they______________________.
① drink a cup of tea ② follow the animals ③ drive out④ find their subjects
A. ①②③④
B. ①④③②
C. ①③④②
D.
④①③②
（3）How many hours do they usually work every day?
A. Eight.
B. Ten.
C. Twelve.
D. Sixteen.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Animals and plants.
B. The story of Dereck and Beverly.
C. National Geographic magazines.
D. Dereck and Beverly's childhood.
（5）From the passage, we can infer（推断）that ________________.
A. Dereck and Beverly don't love at all
B. Dereck and Beverly are famous film stars
C. it's safe to take a swim in the Okavango swamp
D. their work is dangerous sometimes, but they like it
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了野生动物电影制片人—— Dereck和Beverly。

（1）细节题。

根据he was good at math and science.和Her favourite subject was science and she always got excellent grades in her science exams.可知两人都擅长科学，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据第四段第二句After drinking a cup of tea, they drive out into a bush（灌木丛）to find their subjects.可知①是第一个，③是第二个，④是第三个，根据第六句They follow the animals for the day, filming, researching, and collecting facts, information or pictures 可知②是第四个，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据When in the field, their work starts at around 4 am.They are often back in camp by 8 pm.可知早上4点左右开始，晚上8点回来，大约16个小时，故选D。

（4）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了野生动物电影制片人——Dereck和Beverly。

故选B。

（5）推断题。

根据Dereck thinks running or taking a swim in the Okavango swamp（沼泽）—
especially swimming close to crocodile（鳄鱼）is great fun, but Beverly says, "Swimming is fun but crazy in these waters."可知沼泽里有鳄鱼，所以是危险的，但是也是有趣的，他们喜欢这个工作，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

5．阅读理解
The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to be, began as a sweet one that later sourced. Two sisters, Mildred Hill, a teacher at the Louisville, Kentucky Experimental Kindergarten, and Dr. Patty Hill, the headmaster of the same school, together wrote a song for the children, called Good Morning to All. As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist（风琴师）for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.
The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.Thirty-one years later, after Dr. Patty Hill became the head of the Department of Kindergarten Education at Columbia University's Teacher College, a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song, without the sisters'permission. What was worse, he added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.
Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared. Happy Birthday to You, the one and only birthday song, had altogether replaced the sisters' original title Good Morning to All.
After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court（法庭）, they proved that they, indeed, owned the melody（曲调）. The court finally decided that the family legally（合法地）owns the song, whenever it is sung for commercial purposes（商业目的）.
（1）The underlined words "that later sourced" in the first paragraph means .
A. the song later had an unhappy story
B. the song was later used for commercial purposes
C. the words of the song were totally changed by others
D. the song didn't become popular after years of its birth
（2）What made the song Good Morning to All a success?
A. Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse.
B. Mildred's passion and Patty's years of hard work.
C. Mildred and Patty's love and patience for children.
D. Mildred's musical talents and Patty's educational experiences.
（3）Which is the right order of the following events?
a. Good Morning to All was published.
b. Mr. Coleman was taken to court.
c. A second verse was added to Good Morning to All.
d. Happy Birthday to You became very popular.
e. Mr. Coleman published the song.
A. adceb
B. aecdb
C. acedb
D. acebd
（4）What is the passage mainly about?
A. The addition of a famous song.
B. The origin of a famous song.
C. The life of Mr. Coleman.
D. The life of the Hill sisters.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意： Happy Birthday to You 这首歌的由来。

（1）词义推断题。

根据文中的语句The story of how the song Happy Birthday to You came to be, began as a sweet one that later sourced.可知，一开始是件令人愉快的事，到后来就变了味，令人很扫兴。

故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句As the local expert on spiritual songs, and as the organist （风琴师） for her church, Mildred combined her musical talents with her sister's knowledge in the area of Kindergarten Education, Good Morning to All was sure to be a success.可知，米尔德里德将她的音乐天赋与她姐姐在幼儿园教育领域的知识结合起来，使Good Morning to All 这首歌变得非常成功，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。

根据The sisters published the song in a collection named "Song Stories of the Kindergarten" in 1893.可知，第一是a；根据语句 What was worse, he added a second verse（歌词）Happy Birthday to You.可知，第二个是c；根据a gentleman by the name of Robert H. Coleman published the song可知，第三个是e；根据文中的语句Mr. Coleman's addition of the second verse made the song become well known and, gradually, the sisters' original first verse disappeared.可知，第四个是d；根据文中的语句After Mildred died in 1916, Patty, together with a third sister, Jessica, discussed the issue together and took Mr. Coleman to court可知，第五个是B，因此顺序为acedb，故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。

通读全文语句可知，此文主要介绍了Happy Birthday to You的由来，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

6．阅读理解
Swimming at the beach or in a backyard pool are well-known Australian summer activities. But while it is usually a fun time of year, there is a serious side to summer that you might not know about.
The terrible heat, which can go above 40℃ in some cities, is very dangerous. There are lots of trees and dry grass in the areas far away that can easily catch fire. Even throwing a burning cigarette out of a car window can start a dangerous fire. That is why summer is also known as "bushfire（丛林大火）season" in Australia.
In February there were more than 80 different bushfires burning at the same time in New
South Wales, a southeastern state of Australia. The Guardian newspaper reported that 42 homes were burned to the ground because of these fires. These homes are not like Chinese ones. They are huge farms. Many Australian properties（房产）are larger than 1,000 sq km, while the biggest is more than 20,000 sq km, even larger than Beijing!
Every family prepares for bushfire season and protects their property（财产）. But sometimes the fires are too big and people have to move to safety.
The hot weather also causes other problems. It was so hot in February that thousands of bats （蝙蝠） died from the heat. People can get sick if they stay outside for too long or they don't drink enough water. The heat can also cause power problems for homes and business.
The Australian summer is enjoyable. But it is worth remembering that the heat can cause lots of problems, too.
（1）What's the main idea of the second paragraph?
A. The weather changes a lot in Australia.
B. There are more fire accidents in the areas far away.
C. It's dangerous to smoke in a forest.
D. Australian summer is also known as "bushfire season".
（2）From the third and fourth paragraphs we can learn that ________.
A. Bushfires happen more often on farms.
B. Bushfires can cause huge loss to people.
C. Australian people are very rich because of their large farms.
D. People have no way to fight against bushfires.
（3）The hot weather in Australia brings some problems except（除了） _________. A. Bats can die. B. People can get sick.
C. Power can go out.
D. Drinking water runs out.
（4）What is the best title of the passage?
A. The Bushfires of Australian Summer.
B. The Heat of Australian Summer.
C. The Danger of Australian Summer.
D. The Fun of Australian Summer.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：作者通过这篇文章向我们描述了澳大利亚的夏天是令人愉快的，但是要小心它的炎热，炎热会引起很多问题。

（1）段落大意题，通读文章的第二段可知，夏天温度很高，容易引起火灾，所以夏天也被称为丛林大火季，故选Ｄ。

（２）段落大意题，通读第三、第四段可知，炎热可能引起火灾，给人们的财产造成很大的损失，故选Ｂ。

（３）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段可知，没有提到饮用水用完了，故选D。

（4）标题判断题，通读整篇文章可知，澳大利亚的夏天由于炎热导致的问题，所以澳大利亚的夏天是危险的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及段落大意题、细节理解题和标题判断题，段落大意题要通读整段，找出主题句；细节理解题从文章中找到答案的依据；标题判断题要遵循“精、准、全”正确地选取能包含文章的主要内容及作者要表达的观点的选项。

7．阅读理解
（1）What kind of the letter may the passage be?
A. An admission letter.
B. An apology letter.
C. A business letter.
D. A thank you letter.（2）How much should Zhang Wei pay in all to enter the university?
A. HK$ 55,935.
B. HK$ 55,810.
C. HK$ 55, 685.
D. HK$ 55,560.（3）If you were Zhang Wei, how would you feel at this letter?
A. Annoyed.
B. Excited.
C. Upset.
D. Anxious.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】句意：这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，其中涉及到专业，学习方式，学位以及费用。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句The Chinese University of Hong kong Admission
Notification提示可知，这是一张录取通知书，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句HK$ 55,560.（for native students）以及Zhang Wei （Yuyao，Ningbo）提示可知，张伟的学费是HK$ 55,560，故选D。

（3）理解归纳题。

这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，张伟收到以后，一定非常的激动，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

8．根据短文内容判断正误。

If someone says to you: "give me five", do not search your pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person's not asking for your money, but your fingers.
In the US, "give me five" or "give me the high five" is a popular gesture （动作）. You can see it often in films or on TV It means the clapping （拍） of each other's raised right hands together. People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket （彩票）. If a football team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.
This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect. This also showed that the person raising his am did not have a sword （刀） in his hand.
Why not try to give the high five to your friends?
（1）"Give me five" is a gesture to ask for money.
（2）The gesture "give me five" is the clapping of hands.
（3）When you get good grades in your exam，you give your friends high fives.
（4）The gesture started in America according to the story.
（5）The Romans raised the right arm without a sword in his hand for the emperor to show their respect to the emperor.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）0
（5）1
【解析】【分析】主要讲了受欢迎的手势"give me five" or "give me the high five" 。

（1）细节题。

根据If someone says to you: "give me five", do not search your pocket to get five yuan! It will make others laugh! The person's not asking for your money, but your fingers.可知"give me five"不是要钱的手势，而是要手指，故选错误。

（2）细节题。

根据It means the clapping （拍） of each other's raised right hands together.可知意思是互相举起右手拍手，故选正确。

（3）细节题。

根据People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams or wins a lottery ticket （彩票）.可知当人们第一次见面或者发生了一些快乐的事情时，他们就会这么做，例如，一个学生考试
成绩好或中了彩票。

故选正确。

（4）细节题。

根据This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect.可知这个手势可能来自古罗马的举右臂表示尊敬的手势。

故选错误。

（5）细节题。

根据This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor to show respect. This also showed that the person raising his am did not have a sword （刀）in his hand.可知这个手势可能来自古罗马的举右臂表示尊敬的手势这也表明，举起手臂的人手里没有剑。

故选正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解
What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？A strong sense of fairness is one of them.
A friend once told me an experience that he had. When he was driving along a one—lane（单行小路）, unpaved（未铺路的）mountain road, the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘土）, and it was a long way to the nearest paved main road. Suddenly, the car ahead stopped at a wider place on the road. My friend thought there must be something wrong with the car ahead. He stopped and asked if anything was wrong. "No," said the other driver. "But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."
Another ingredient is empathy（同情心）. It makes a person see into the mind or heart of someone else. Recently I happened to read such a story in a book.
A man was having dinner alone, and he was trying to open a bottle. But he failed. Then he asked a waiter for help. The waiter took the bottle, turned his back and opened it without difficulty. Then the waiter closed it again and turned back. He pretended（假装）to make a great effort to open the bottle without success. Finally he took it into the kitchen and returned very soon. He told the man that he managed to open it, but only with a tool.
Yet another ingredient is the ability to treat people alike（一视同仁）. No matter who he is and what he does, everyone is worth respecting.
（1）The driver in the car ahead stopped to___.
A. repair the car
B. have a rest
C. ask the way
D. let the back car go （2）The underlined word "endure" probably means___ in Chinese.
A. 原谅
B. 容忍
C. 抱怨
D. 谴责（3）In fact the waiter opened the bottle___.
A. by himself easily
B. with a tool
C. with difficulty
D. without success （4）The second story may happen___.
A. in the kitchen at home
B. on the main road
C. in the restaurant
D. on the busy street
（5）The best title of the passage is "___".
A. The Ability to Solve Problems
B. The Ways to Help Others
C. The Good Manners to Treat Others
D. The Empathy for Strangers
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么。

（1）细节理解题。

根据"But you've endured my dust so far.I'll endure yours the rest of the way. 但到目前为止，你已经忍受了我的灰尘，我会在剩下的路上忍受你的，可知他是想让后面的车先走，故选D。

（2）词意猜测题。

根据the car ahead of his produced clouds of choking dust（呛人的尘士），…"But you've endured my dust so far. I'll endure yours the rest of the way."在他前面的汽车产生了呛人的尘土，……“但是到目前为止你已经endure了我的灰尘，我将在剩下的路上endure你的，“可推知是忍受的意思，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据The waiter took the bottle，turned his back and opened it without difficulty.服务员拿起瓶子，转过身，毫不费力地打开了瓶子，故选A。

（4）推断题。

根据A man was having dinner alone，.…The waiter took the bottle.…一个人独自吃饭……服务员拿了瓶子，……可知是在一家餐厅，故选C。

（5）主旨题。

根据What are the basic ingredients（要素）of good manners？良好礼仪的基本要素是什么？可知本文讲的主要内容是对待别人好的礼仪是什么，故选用“对待别人好的礼仪”为题合适，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解
We all know that many women like to wear dresses. They enjoy many kinds of colourful and popular dresses. But have you ever heard of a 4D dress?
Jessica Rosenkrantz in the USA used 3D printing technology to make a very special and new dress. It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses.
The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.
The company, in Massachusetts, the USA, also made a smartphone and an app（应用软件）. They can help women to control their dresses. If women use the phone and the app, they can change the colour, the style and many other things of the dresses. Isn't it very interesting?
When she talked about her work, Jessica said, "There will be many more changeable dresses
for women in the future. I am interested in making them too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women."
（1）What will the 4D dress do for women?
A. It'll make women relax themselves a lot.
B. It'll turn into different styles for women.
C. It will help women keep thin and beautiful.
D. It will help women find good jobs easily.
（2）What does the underlined word "It" here refer to?
A. The 4D dress.
B. The 3D printing technology.
C. A company.
D. The dress maker.（3）What will Jessica do in the future?
A. She will have many companies around the world.
B. She will buy a very new smartphone and an app.
C. She will make many more changeable dresses.
D. She will help women choose more beautiful dresses.
（4）From the passage, we can infer（推断）that .
A. Jessica Rosenkrantz used a common thing to make a 4D dress
B. a 4D dress can only turn into ten kinds of shapes
C. the company in the UK made the smartphone to control the 4D dresses
D. women may use the phone and the app to change the style of the dresses
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】用3D打印技术制作出来的4D裙子可以解决很多女士的时尚问题。

4D 裙子就像织物一样可以随意改变它的款式。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中语句 It will help with the problems of different styles for women's dresses. It is like the fabric. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可知答案，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中语句The dress maker called the special dress a "4D dress". It is like the fabric（织物）. It can turn into different kinds of shapes.可以知道，4D裙子可以改变它的形状，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中语句There will be many more changeable （可变的）dresses for women in the future. I am interested in making them, too. I can't wait to make different kinds of new dresses for women.可知Jessica对制作能变换的衣服很感兴趣，想要去制作这些衣服，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中语句If women use the phone and the app, they can change the color, the style and many other things of the dresses.，可知女生可以通过软件来改变衣服的风格，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解题。

本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

11．阅读理解
Earlier this year, China achieved a new milestone （里程碑） in space research. On January 3,。