(全国通用版)高考英语一轮复习 三十九 选修8 Unit 4 Word版含答案

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课时提升作业三十九
选修8Unit 4Pygmalion
(建议用时35分钟)
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Pygmalion is a drama in which Shaw has made sentiments one of the principle themes of discussion. The Greek sculptor Pygmalion carved a statue and fell in love with it. Aphrodite(the goddess of love) turned the statue into a living woman named Galatea, who then became Pygmalion’s wife.
The Shavian Pygmalion is Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics, who picks up a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, teaches her to speak as educated people do, and then successfully passes her off as a duchess. But she is a human being and cannot be treated as a machine. In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions, the professor only thinks of his own skill success and failure, but never stops to consider how the girl feels. When the experiment is over, he has a profound sense of relief that he has achieved triumph and has won his bet. Even now, the sentiment of the girl is of no account. The girl naturally protests against
this dehumanized relationship between her and her teacher. She hurls(投掷)the professor’s slippers at him when he wants them and then leaves his place. But evidently, she has begun to feel for the professor and wants also to be felt for.
Now the question is what is the nature of Eliza’s feelings for the professor with whom she has lived in close association for so long? In the last act, the girl says she would not marry him even if he had proposed(求婚) to her. The professor, curiously ineffectual(无效的) to sexual emotions, does not love any girl because he finds them to be rivals(对手) to his own mother. He wonders, if Eliza does not want to marry him, then what does she want from him? Old Mrs Higgins, who knows much about a woman says that it would have been better if he had thanked her and petted her and told her how wonderful she had been. Then perhaps she would not have fought with him. Every girl loves to be loved. Eliza herself says that she loves Freddy and he also loves her. Professor Higgins, however, remains as ever, an old bachelor.
【文章大意】萧伯纳的著名戏剧《卖花女》具有经久不衰的艺术魅力, 描述的是语言学教授希金斯如何把一名卖花姑娘训练成英语发音被上流社会接受并认可的故事, 从而抨击了当时英国腐朽保守的等级意识。

1. What does the underlined phrase “passes her off as” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Lets her pretend to be.
B. Dresses her up as.
C. Makes her become.
D. Turns into.
【解析】选A。

词义猜测题。

根据前文的“teaches her to speak as educated people do”以及下文的“In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions”可知该短语的意思是“把某人冒充或假装为”。

2. What kind of person do you think Higgins is according to the second paragraph?
A. He is a kind man.
B. He is a considerate man.
C. He is a selfish man.
D. He is a rude man.
【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据第二段第三句可知Higgins只考虑自己的成败得失, 从不考虑Eliza的感受, 显然他是一个自私的人。

3. Why does not Eliza marry Higgins? Because ________.
A. she does not love him
B. his mother does not like any girl to be her rival
C. he likes to be a bachelor
D. he doesn’t love any girl for fear of them being his mother’s rivals
【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据最后一段第三句可知Eliza不会嫁给Higgins, 因为Higgins担心未来的妻子会成为他母亲的对手, 所以他不敢爱上任何一个女孩。

4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Shaw was in fact a Greek sculptor.
B. Higgins was experimenting with Eliza.
C. Eliza wanted to become an educated lady very much.
D. Higgins fell in love with Eliza at first sight.
【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第二段可知Higgins只是把Eliza 当成一个试验品。

故B正确。

【知识拓展】难句解读
When the experiment is over, he has a profound sense of relief that he has achieved triumph and has won his bet.
结构: 时间状语从句, 主语+谓语+宾语+同位语从句
翻译: 当实验结束后, 他感到深深的欣慰, 他已经取得了胜利, 并赢得了他的赌注。

B
For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a
long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a
border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen
war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness.
And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.
In this article, I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is-politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg-the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority-someone who actually knows something-and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.
【文章大意】本文对于父母和孩子之间的战争从三个方面进行了分析。

5. Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?
A. Both can continue for generations.
B. Both are about where to draw the line.
C. Neither has any clear winner.
D. Neither can be put to an end.
【解析】选B。

推理判断题。

根据第一段最后可知这两者的相似之处在于界线的问题, 故选B。

6. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.
B. The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.
C. The teens cause their parents of misleading them.
D. The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.
【解析】选A。

根据上一句From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. 父母认为他们打仗的唯一原因是他们孩子的完全不讲理, 而孩子认为则相反。

7. Parents and teens want to be right because they want to ________.
A. give orders to the other
B. know more than the other
C. gain respect from the other
D. get the other to behave properly
【解析】选C。

细节理解题。

根据最后一段someone who actually knows something and therefore to command respect. 都认为自己是一个了解一切和要求得到尊重的人。

Ⅱ. 完形填空
It was June 5, 1997, and two-year-old Harley was asleep with her younger sister in their home in Eden, North Carolina. While their parents were outside
1their older sister home from school, the wires in the family’s laundry room 2fire and before anyone knew what was happening, the bedroom next door was swallowed in 3.
Harley’s father was able to 4his two youngest daughters and save their lives, but Harley was 5burned on 80 percent of her body and was told she had less than a 2 percent 6of survival.
Over the next several months, Harley Dabbs would undergo surgery after surgery at 7. When she was finally released to 8 home, Harley had no idea the 9battle had not even begun yet.
When Harley started school just a few years 10, she realized for the first time how cruel her 11could be. Bullied for her 12 and called hateful names all while being hidden, she began to 13 suicide while only in eighth grade. When her friends were getting their 14boyfriends and going on their first dates, she was sitting at home wondering if she should end her 15.
But in 2013, something 16. It was not something on the outside, rather it was something 17of Harley. She made the conscious 18to become more like the carefree, laughing, 19
little girl that she had not seen since that night in 1997. So for the first time in her life, she 20 a blue dress and walked outside into the light of day throwing caution to the wind and daring anyone to try to rain on her parade.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述了哈里小时候在大火中烧毁了面容, 被人嘲笑、欺负, 曾经想要自杀, 但是后来她决定接受现实, 从心里改变自己, 开始快乐地生活。

1. A. bringing up B. caring for
C. calling on
D. picking up
【解析】选D。

“While their parents were outside ________their older sister home from school她们的父母正在外面从学校________她们的大姐回家”, bring up抚养; care for照顾, 喜欢; call on 拜访; pick up接人。

2. A. caught B. got
C. received
D. made
【解析】选A。

从下文可知, 家里洗衣房的电线着(caught)火了。

3. A. ashes B. flames C. storm D. light
【解析】选B。

根据上文fire可判断隔壁的卧室被火焰(flames)吞没了。

4. A. support B. prevent
C. rescue
D. manage
【解析】选C。

根据本句中的“save their lives”, 可以推断出, 哈里的父亲成功地救出(rescue)了他的两个女儿。

故选C。

5. A. severely B. slightly
C. merely
D. urgently
【解析】选A。

由空格后哈里身体的80%被烧伤, 可知她被伤得很严重。

6. A. signal B. right C. rate D. chance
【解析】选D。

由上文哈里身体的80%被烧伤, 可判断此处是指“生存概率”, 故选D。

7. A. hospital B. school C. home D. church
【解析】选A。

由常识可知, 对哈里进行的手术肯定在医院(hospital)里做的。

8. A. go B. leave C. lose D. find
【解析】选A。

根据released “释放, 解脱”, 可知她终于被准许出院回(go)家了。

故选A。

9. A. fiercest B. strongest C. toughest D. easiest
【解析】选C。

空格后的yet暗示了情况不容乐观。

fiercest最激烈的; strongest最强的; toughest最艰难的, 最凶恶的; easiest最容易的。

10. A. ago B. before C. afterwards D. later
【解析】选D。

在经历重大不幸之后, 肯定需要几年才能调整好身体和心理。

ago在……之前, 与一般过去时连用; before以前, 与完成时连用; afterwards后来; later之后, 放在时间词后面。

故选D。

11. A. peers B. parents C. teachers D. sisters
【解析】选A。

下文“. . . called hateful names 给她起绰号”可知, 她被
同学嘲笑欺负。

12. A. grades B. appearance C. character D. age 【解析】选B。

根据上文, 她80%被烧伤, 所以同学们肯定会嘲笑她的外表(appearance)。

13. A. declare B. attempt
C. struggle
D. calculate
【解析】选B。

根据上文, 她上学后, 因为自己被烧毁的外貌, 她受到同学们的欺负, 背地里被人用恶毒的话叫着, 所以会尝试(attempt)自杀。

故选B。

14. A. new B. old C. first D. last
【解析】选C。

根据“When her friends were getting their ________boyfriends and going on their first dates当她的朋友们开始________交男朋友和第一次约会”, 可以推断出是当她的朋友们开始第一次交男朋友……。

15. A. pain B. study C. life D. love
【解析】选C。

由上文suicide(自杀)的倾向, 可以推断出, 她准备结束自己的生命(life)。

故选C。

16. A. disappeared B. happened
C. passed
D. changed
【解析】选D。

but是转折词, 表明情况和以前不一样, 即发生了变化。

17. A. mind B. heart C. soul D. inside
【解析】选D。

“not . . . rather. . . 不是……而是”可知此处要选择的肯
定是outside 的反义词inside。

故选D。

18. A. promise B. decision
C. suggestion
D. effort
【解析】选B。

她在自己意识清醒的状态下决心(decision)成为一个更像在1997年的那个晚上就没再见到的那个无忧无虑的小女孩。

19. A. sad B. wild C. joyous D. lonely 【解析】选C。

此处和“carefree, laughing”并列修饰“little girl”, 属同义词, 故选C。

20. A. put away B. put on
C. gained
D. borrowed
【解析】选B。

由下文“将自己的小心翼翼抛在风中, 大胆直视任何想在她的人生道路上泼冷水的任何人”可知, 她穿上(put on)裙子走出去迎接新的自己。

Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ever since people first noticed the changing length of the days, the longest night of the year 1. ________(be) a special time marked by celebration. Ancient cultures around the world developed customs 2. ________(design) to welcome the return of the sun and the beginning of the march towards summer’s light and 3. ________(warm). Some are still celebrated today. In the Northern Hemisphere(半球), the winter
solstice(冬至)falls 4. ________ December 21 or 22, while the longest night of the year in the Southern Hemisphere is June 20 or 21.
The Chinese celebration of the winter solstice welcomes the return of longer days. 5. ________(occur) only several weeks before the Chinese New Year, the festival has its own significance for many people, and was once believed to be the day when everyone got one year 6. ________(old). The celebration may have begun as a harvest festival, 7. ________ farmers and fishermen took time off to celebrate with their families. Today, it isn’ t a(n) 8. ________(office) holiday, but remains an occasion for families to join together to celebrate the year that has passed and share good wishes for the year to come. 9. ________ most traditional food for this celebration in southern China is the rice balls known as tang yuan, often brightly colored. Northern Chinese enjoy dumplings, a(n) 10. ________(particular) warming food for a midwinter celebration.
1. 【解析】has been。

考查现在完成时。

由从句中的Ever since可知, 主句应用现在完成时, 且主语为单数名词night, 故填has been。

【知识拓展】现在完成时的标志词
标志词: ever since, since, in the past/last years, just, recent(ly), lately, so far=up to now=up until now=by now, already, yet 等。

现在完成时强调的是与现在的联系, 动作到现在刚完成或还在继续。

2. 【解析】designed。

考查过去分词作定语的用法。

设空处作后置定
语修饰customs, design与customs之间是逻辑上的动宾关系, 且design 所表示的动作已完成。

3. 【解析】warmth。

考查名词。

设空处与light并列, 且意为“温暖”。

4. 【解析】on。

考查介词。

在具体的某一天前用介词on。

5. 【解析】Occurring。

考查动词-ing形式作状语的用法。

festival与occur之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 且occur所表示的动作与谓语同时发生, 故填Occurring。

6. 【解析】older。

考查形容词比较级。

此处要表达的是“年纪比之前大了一岁”, 故填old的比较级older。

7. 【解析】when。

考查关系副词。

设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明festival, 且在从句中作时间状语, 故填when。

8. 【解析】official。

考查形容词作定语的用法。

设空处作定语修饰holiday, 且意为“官方的”, 故填official。

9. 【解析】The。

考查定冠词。

形容词最高级most traditional前需加定冠词, 故填The。

10. 【解析】particularly。

考查副词。

设空处修饰warming, 故填副词particularly。

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