山东省曲阜市高考英语一轮阅读理解校本选练二

山东省曲阜市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解校本选练二
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2016高考训练】
2014 TFK Poetry Contest
Calling all poets! TIME For Kids has a challenge for you：Write funny, rhyming poem. It must be an original poem that does not copy another poet’s work. En ter it in the TIME For Kids Poetry Contest. As fewer and fewer children are interested in writing poetry of their own, TIME For Kids decides to organize and sponsor such a contest to change the situation.
Contest Rules
1. How to enter: This contest begins 12:01 am on March 6, 2014 and ends 11:59 pm on July 24, 2014. To enter, mail the following information to 1271 Avenue of the Americas, 32nd Floor, New York, New York 10020: (a) an original and previously unpublished poem that is humorous and has a rhyme scheme(韵律); (b)Entrant’s first name only and a parent’s mail address. Limit one entry per person. By entering, Entrant promises that the entry (1) is original, (2) has not been published in any medium and (3) has not won an award.
2. Judging: All entries will be judged by poet Kenn Nesbitt, based on the following criteria: creativity and originality (50％), use of language and rhyme (25％) and appropriateness to the theme of the contest (25％). The length of the entry will not be taken into consideration.
3. Prizes: Our judge will select four semifinalists(半决赛选手)from which one grand-prize winner and three finalists will be chosen. The one grand-prize winner will receive an online class visit from Children’s Poet Kenn Nesbitt and a signed copy of his n ewest book of poetry, The Armpit of Doom：Funny Poems for Kids, approximately value: $275. The three finalists will each get a signed copy of Nesbitt’s newest book of poetry，The Armpit of Doom: Funny Poems for Kids，and both their poems and that of the grand-prize winner will be published at .
4. Eligibility(参赛资格)：Open to legal citizens of the 50 United States and the District of Columbia who are primary school students and are 8 to 13 years old at time of entry．
5. W inner’s list：For names of the winner and finalists，visit (after August 1, 2014, available for a period of 10 days)．
1. The purpose of the contest is to__________.
A. encourage children to learn from other poets
B. help children realize the dream of poetry writing
C. encourage children’s interest in poetry writing
D. encourage children to read more original poems
2. Which of the following characteristics of a poem is valued most in judging?
A. Being creative and original．
B. Using a proper number of words．
C. Using proper language and rhyme．
D. Being appropriate to the contest theme．
3. What can be known about the finalists of the contest?
A. They will get a great deal of money.
B. Their poems can be read at .
C. They will receive an online class visit from Nesbitt．
D. Their poems will appear in Nesbitt’s newest book of poetry.
4. According to the contest rules,____________.
A. poems can be sent to the organizers by e-mail
B. all children have the right to take part in the contest
C. the number of poems to enter the contest is not limited
D. the result of the contest will be unknown before August, 2014
参考答案1--4、CABD
2014高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）[2014·湖北卷] E
For most city people, the elevator is an unremarkable machine that inspires none of the enthusiasm or interest that Americans afford trains, jets, and even bicycles. Dr Christopher Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a misunderstanding. Without the elevator, they point out, there could be no downtown skyscrapers or tall buildings, and city life as we know it would be impossible. In that sense, they argue, the elevator's role in American history has been no less significant than that of cars. In fact, according to Wilk, the car and the elevator have been locked in a “secret war” for over a century, with cars making it possible for people to spread horizontally(水平地), and elevators pushing them towards life in close groups of towering vertical(垂直的) columns.
If we tend to ignore the significance of elevators, it might be because riding in them tends to be such a brief, boring, and even awkward experience—one that can involve unexpectedly meeting people with whom we have nothing in common, and an unpleasant awareness of the fact that we're hanging from a cable in a long passage.
In a new book, Lifted, German journalist and cultural studies professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind and finding that riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience. “After 150 years, we are still not used to it，” Bernard said. “We still have not exactly learnt to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.” That mixture, according to Be rnard, sets the elevator ride apart from just about every other situation we find ourselves in as we go about our lives.
Today, as the world's urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America's total number of elevators—900，000 at last count, according to ElevatorWorld magazine's “2012 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a force that's becoming more important than ever. And for the people who really, really love them, it seems like high time that we looked seriously at just what kind of force they are.
67. What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A. The general view of elevators.
B. The particular interests of experts.
C. The desire for a remarkable machine.
D. The enthusiasm for transport vehicles.
68. The author's purpose in mentioning cars is ________．
A. to contrast their functions with elevators'
B. to emphasize the importance of elevators
C. to reveal their secret war against elevators
D. to explain people's preference for elevators
69. According to Prof Bernard, what has made the elevator ride different from other life experiences?
A. Vertical direction.
B. Lack of excitement.
C. Little physical space.
D. Uncomfortable conditions.
70. The author urges readers to consider ________．
A. the exact number of elevator lovers
B. the serious future situation of elevators
C. the role of elevators in city development
D. the relationship between cars and elevators
69. C 推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“…t hat riding in an elevator has never been a totally comfortable experience.”以及“‘We still have not exactly learnt to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.’”可知人们乘坐电梯的时候感觉是拥挤的、不愉快的，而这主要是因为电梯里的空间太小，给人压抑感。

所以C项正确。

70. C 推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段第一句“Today, as the world's urban population explodes, and cities become more crowded, taller, and more crowded, America's total number of elevators—900，000 at last count, according to ElevatorWorld magazine's ‘2012 Vertical Transportation Industry’—are a force that's becoming more important than ever.”可知，随着城市规模的扩大，电梯的使用越来越多，它起的作用比以往更重要了，所以人们要更加关注电梯的作用。

所以C项正确。

2014高考英语阅读理解（社会生活、说理议论）[2014·湖南卷] C
The behaviour of a building's users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use, according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC). The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放) by 80 per cent by 2050, part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero­carbon by 2016. But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own—though extremely important—is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.
The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率)，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments.
“Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything，” explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher，“consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most carefu l design.”In other words，old habits die hard, even in the best­designed eco­home.
Another part of the problem is information. Households and bill­payers don't have the knowledge they need to change their energy­use habits. Without specific information，it's hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices. Feedback(反馈) facilities, like smart meters
and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use; some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 per cent energy savings using smart meters.
Social science research has added a further dimension(方面)，suggesting that individuals' behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted—whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(恒温器), for example.
Janda argues that education is the key. She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them.
66. As to energy use, the new research from UKERC stresses the importance of ________．
A. zero­carbon homes
B. the behaviour of building users
C. sustainable building design
D. the reduction of carbon emissions
67. The underlined word “which” in Paragraph 2 refers to“________”．
A. the ways
B. their homes
C. developments
D. existing efforts
68. What are Katy Janda's words mainly about?
A. The importance of changing building users' habits.
B. The necessity of making a careful building design.
C. The variety of consumption patterns of building users.
D. The role of technology in improving energy efficiency.
69. The information gap in energy use ________．
A. can be bridged by feedback facilities
B. affects the study on energy monitors
C. brings about problems for smart meters
D. will be caused by building users' old habits
70. What does the dimension added by social science research suggest?
A. The social science research is to be furthered.
B. The education programme is under discussion.
C. The behaviour of building users is unpredictable.
D. The behaviour preference of building users is similar.
70. C 推理判断题。

文章倒数第二段提到房子使用者的行为是不可预测的。

科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2012安徽“江南十校”高三仿真卷一)改编
Airtight plastic bags can help farmers protect their harvests without the use of harmful chemicals.These bags are designed to keep air out of crops in storage.They are a simple way to fight insects and keep food fresh.
Ten countries in West and Central Africa are involved in a project to improve the storage of cowpeas,also known as black-eyed peas.Farmers can lose much of the harvest to insects called bruchids.These grow from egg to adult in a few weeks and then lay forty to sixty more eggs.They can destroy the whole harvest within months.
Farmers can sell their crop immediately.But selling at harvest time means more competition and lower prices.Or they can use pesticides (杀虫剂) to kill the bugs.But crop scientist Dieudonne Baributsa says,“They end up misusing or overusing the pesticide.In Nigeria,they have reported a lot of cases of death.They usually call it in Niger ia ‘killer bean’.”
Mr.Baributsa is a researcher at Purdue University in the American state of Indiana.The project is called PICS,for Purdue Improved Cowpea Storage.He says the storage bags are thick enough that any insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen.The lack of air will also help prevent the growth of bacteria that can ruin the harvest.The bags cost about two dollars each.Mr.Baributsa says that is not much,especially if it means farmers can wait long enough to get a better price for their crop.The bags are produced locally.Donors currently support the project,but the groups involved are working to build a lasting market for the bags because donor support for the project will not last forever.
A company based in the United States called GrainPro makes another kind of airtight bag.These are called SuperGrainbags.Phil Villers,the company’s president,says safely storing a harvest not only earns more money for farmers,it also reduces the amount of food lost to insects,spoilage and mishandl ing.“What does not get wasted and eaten means it is available to feed a hungry world,”said Phil Villers.
1.What’s the best title for this passage?()
A.Simple Bags Save the Harvest
B.Plastic Bags: the Enemy of Insects
C.Good News for Hungry World
D.Pesticides Threaten Food Safety
2.It can be inferred that bruchids .
A.steal the stored crop for the future
B.breed slowly in the stored harvest
C.survive in airtight plastic bags
D.multiply while the crop is in storage
3.How does “killer bean” come out? ()
A.The pesticide causes many deaths of bugs.
B.People eat beans that are infected by bugs.
C.Farmers use chemicals to kill bugs improperly.
D.Bugs ruin beans within a short time.
4.Which statement of the following is NOT true? ( )
A.Insects in the bags will soon use up the air and then die.
B.The airtight plastic bags currently sold at the market do not last long.
C.The project provides the farmers with the bags for free at present.
D.What farmers can earn from the use of the bag is far more than they have to pay.
语篇解读:虫害一直是农民的心头大患,这不仅危害农作物的生长,还浪费了许多粮食。

最新的农业科技给人们带来了福音,那就是用密封袋来保护农作物以远离虫害。

答案及剖析:1.A 主旨大意题。

由第一段(主题段)及全文内容可知,一种密封塑料袋在不使用任何化学药品的前提下,能够保护农民的收成不受虫害影响。

故Simple Bags Save the Harvest最能概括全文的中心。

2.D 推理判断题。

由第二段的第二、三、四句内容可知,bruchids是一种在粮食储藏过程中繁殖很快的昆虫,它们能够在几个星期内长成成虫,产下40到60个甚至更多的虫卵。

D项中multiply有“增加;繁殖”之意。

3.C 细节理解题。

由第三段的内容可知,农民们使用杀虫剂来杀虫,由于他们错用或过量使用,使粮食遭到污染,从而造成食用者死亡,故“杀手豆”来源于农民不正当地使用杀虫剂。

4.B 细节理解题。

由倒数第二段的最后一句话...donor support for the project will not last forever 可知,持续不长的是赞助商的支持,而不是塑料袋,故选B项。

由倒数第二段...insects already in the cowpeas will die from lack of oxygen...可排除A项; 由倒数第二段的Donors currently support the project...可知,目前密封塑料袋是免费由赞助商提供,故排除C项;由倒数第二段的The bags cost about two dollars each....get a better price for their crop可排除D项。

【疑难词汇解读】
1.storage n.储存;仓库
The collection has been in storage for decades.
这些收藏品已保管了几十年。

2.mishandle v.处理不当;错误地处理
Mishandling the problem has caused great trouble.
对这个问题处理不当已经引起了很大的麻烦。

【长难句子分析】
他说这种密封袋非常厚,任何已经进入牛豆中的虫子都会因缺少氧气而死亡。