楚都纪南城旅游词翻译

各位游客：
大家好，今天由我带领大家游览楚都纪南城遗址。

楚文化主要表现为：歌舞、编钟乐器、丝织刺绣、广泛运用在人们军事、生活上的青铜冶铸技术、以虎座鸟架鼓为代表的漆木器以及文学等等。

好了，我们的旅游车马上就要到达目的地了，请各位拿好自己的随身物品随我下车参观。

现在我们看到的楚都纪南城只是一个遗址。

在马路旁，大家可以看到这块写着“楚纪南故都”的石碑，它是郭沫若先生亲手所书。

下面，我为大家介绍一下楚国的历史。

西周时，荆人首领鬻熊带领族人投奔周文王，受到重用。

后来，周成王封鬻熊的曾孙熊绎做了楚君，封地丹阳。

当时丹阳环境十分恶劣，在这种情况下，楚----诞生了。

到春秋战国时，楚国当时的国君熊通将自己封为“楚武王”，成为天下诸侯中第一个敢自己称王的国家，并把楚国的领土拓展到大半个江汉平原，将丹阳迁都到了郢。

从此，楚国开始了在纪南城长达411年之久的统治。

让楚国成为霸主的是楚庄王。

在他统治时，选拔、重用有才能的人，并且先后统一了五十多个诸侯国，成为春秋五霸之一。

在我们现在所站的土地上，不仅孕育了辉煌灿烂、影响深远的楚文化，还产生了不少的历史名人，具有世界四大名人称谓的，我国著名爱国诗人屈原，他所写的《离骚》、《九歌》、《天问》等被人们广泛吟颂；还有帮助楚庄王称霸、问鼎的孙叔敖等等。

可以说，楚文化的得名大部分是因为这批优秀的楚国儿女。

走在这片草地上，大家很难想像这儿曾经是商业繁华的楚国都城。

根据汉代桓谭所书的《新论》记载，当时纪南城的繁华程度是我们所难以想象的。

据说当时行走在街上的人们都是人挤人，早上穿着新衣服进城，晚上回来时就会被挤破弄脏了。

虽然有些夸张，但也告诉我们古都纪南城曾经的辉煌。

楚国的衰弱，是从共王继位后开始的，由于共王昏庸无道、沉迷酒色，导致楚国走下坡路。

在悼王时，由于悼王重用吴起变法，楚国再一次兴盛起来。

到威王的时候，楚国成了战国七雄中唯一能和秦相抗的大国，进入最鼎盛的时期。

但是怀王没能把握住合纵连横的机遇，导致楚国开始变弱。

公元前278年时，秦派大将攻占了纪南城，楚被迫迁都。

公元前223年时，秦灭楚。

回顾一下楚国历史，楚共有二十多个王在这儿建都，统治时间长达411年。

可以说，春秋战国时的湖北历史，就是楚国的兴衰史，纪南城见证了楚国的兴衰。

现在我们所处的位置就是纪南城的都城遗址，它的南北长1600米，东西宽1000米，面积为1.6平方公里，占纪南城总面积的1/10，由此，我们可以想象当时楚国的繁华。

现在的纪南城虽然已经是一片废墟，但在地下却拥有不少的楚墓，共计200多座，现已发掘了30多座，从中出土了数千计的文物，有越王勾践剑、虎座鸟架鼓以及1975年在凤凰山168号汉墓中出土了一具保存完好的西汉男尸。

总的来说，楚国的文化辉煌灿烂，遗迹精美绝伦，名人的精神永留我们心中。

好了，各位游客，希望通过我的讲解，大家能对楚国有更多的了解，谢谢。

Ladies and Gentlemen,
Hello, everyone. Today I will be your guide and take you to visit the ancient town of Jinan. It was once the capital of the ancient State of Chu. My name is Guo Huilin. You can just call me Xiao Guo.
The main components of Chu cultur e include folk songs and dances, bell instruments, silk embroidery, bronze smelting technology widely used in Chu people’s military affairs and daily life, lacquer wood articles with “Huzuo Wujia Gu” (Drum with Bird Frame and Tiger’s Feet) as their representative, famous literary works, and so on.
And now, our tour bus is getting to the destination soon. Everybody, please get off with your personal effects to visit with me.
Today, we can just see the ruins of Jinan Town. Beside the road, you can see the stone tablet inscribed with the characters “Chu Ji Nan Gu Du” which were written by Guo Moruo, a great poet-scholar in modern and contemporary China.
Next, let me introduce to you something about Chu’s history. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, Yu Xiong, the ch ieftain of the Jingzhou people, went with his people to King Wen of Zhou and was appointed a top official. Later on, King Cheng of Zhou appointed the great-grandson of Yu Xiong as the Duke of Chu, with his fiefdom in Danyang (present Zigui of Hubei). Therefore, the Chu Dynasty came into being. But at that time, the conditions of this fiefdom were very severe.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Xiong Tong, the Duke of Chu, appointed himself as the King Wu of Chu. And the State of Chu became the first one whose duke dared to call himself King among all the dukes in China. And then he expanded his territory to cover more than half of the Jianghan Plain and relocated the Chu capital from Danyang to Yin. And Yin is the present Jinan Town. Jinan Town as the Chu capital had existed for 411 years.
King Zhuang of Chu made Chu a hegemon. When he reigned, he selected and appointed talented people as high-ranking officials. Then he unified over 50 ducal states successively, and became one of the five overlords during the Spring and Autumn Period.
The land on which we are standing, gives birth to not only brilliant Chu culture which has produced profound effects in Chinese history, but also a large number of historical figures. The famous patriotic poet Qu Yuan is now regarded as one of the four greatest figures in the world. His works such as Li Sao, Jiu Ge and Tian Wen
have been chanted widely. Besides Qu Yuan, Sun Su’ao is another famous person who helped the King Zhuang of Chu dominate over all other states. In fact, the charm of Chu culture owes quite a lot to these excellent people.
Walking around the lawn, you can hardly imagine that this place was once the downtown area of the capital of Chu. According to Xin Lun, a book by Huang Tan in the Han Dynasty, it was said that the street had been very crowded. If you had worn your Sunday best to enter into the town in the morning, your new clothes would have been in rags and with dirt in the evening. Maybe there is a little exaggeration with such anecdote, but it tells us the splendor of this ancient town.
Chu’s fall started with King Gong who was fatuous and brutal, abandoning himself into alcohol and sex. But Chu rose again in the reign of King Dao with the help of Wu Qi’s political reform. And Chu became the only state which could compete with Qing during the reign of Duke Wei. This was the golden age of Chu. But Duke Huai hadn’t seized the opportunity of alliance with other states against Qing and Chu began to decline once again. About 278 BC Qing attacked and occupied Jinan Town and Chu was forced to relocate its capital. About 223 BC Chu perished.
A look at Chu’s history indicates that more than 20 kings had used Jinan Town as the capital and they ruled here for 411 year s. The history of Hubei Province during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, so to speak, is a history of the rise and afll of Ch. Jina n Town witnesses Chu’s vicissitude.
Now, the place we are sightseeing is the ruins of Jinan Town as the Chu capital. It is 1600 meters long from north to south, and 1000 meters wide from east to west. It covers 1.6 square meters and accounts for around 10% of the total area of Jinan Town. Therefore, we can imagine the flourishing of Chu from the ruins.
Although Jinan Town has become the ruins, there are also many tombs related to Chu. There are about 200 Chu tombs in total and 30 of them have been excavated. There are many Chu cultural relics such as Sword of Gou Jian, Drum of Bird Frame and Tiger’s Feet and a man’s corp se of the Western Han Dynasty. The corpse was unearthed from No. 168 Tomb in Fenghuang Hill and protected intact in 1975.
All in all, Chu culture is brilliant and its relics are exquisite. The noble spirit of those celebrities will last forever.
Ok, I hope you can get some knowledge about Chu culture through my introduction. Thank you for your time.。