【英语】高二英语翻译解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

【英语】高二英语翻译解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析
一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translation: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate)
2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。

(at the cost of)
3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。

(so)
4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。

(whose)
【答案】
1．What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfac tion, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.
或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．This museum is not well managed, whose exhibits are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.
或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
【解析】
1．motivate sb to do sth 激发某人做某事，on earth究竟，major in 以…为专业，enthusiasm/ initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为What on earth has motivated Xiao Wang’s enthusiasm/ initiative to major in electronic engineering?
2．online payment网上支付，brings convenience to给…带来方便，at the cost of以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Online payment brings convenience to consumers at the cost of their privacy.
3．To my parents’ satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样so it is with。

也可以用主语从句What makes my parents really satisfy 表语从句thatthey can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment。

overlooks俯视，opposite the street街对面，living room 起居室。

故翻译为To my parents’ satisfaction, the dining room of this apartment overlooks the Century Park opposite the street and so it is with the sitting room.或者What makes my parents really satisfy is that they can see the Century Park from the dining room of this apartment, so can they from the living room.
4．not well managed/ management is reckless疏于管理，be covered with dust/ be piled with dust被灰尘覆盖，few visitors游客稀少，be badly in need of improvement/ requires immediate improvement亟需改善。

故翻译为his museum is not well managed, whose exhibits
are covered with dust, and there are few visitors, so everything is badly in need of improvement.或The museum whose management is reckless, whose exhibits are piled with dust and whose lobby is deserted, requires immediate improvement.
2．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．不掌握大量词汇是无法学好一门外语的。

（without）
2．对于怎么解决我的问题，我的同事提出来很多建设性建议。

(as to )
3．她的演讲非常有趣，观众忍不住时不时发出笑声。

（cannot help）
4．生态保护对人类的福祈和未来至关重要，也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。

(bring about )
【答案】
1．There is no way to lean a foreign language well without mastering great amounts of vocabulary.
2．As to how to settle my problems my workmates supported many constructive advice. 3．Her speech was so amusing tha t the audience couldn’t help bursting into laughter now and then.
4．Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查学生对于词汇的应用能力和语句构造能力。

1．考查固定句式和介词短语作原因状语。

分析句子可知，可以使用固定句式：there is no way to do,意为“无法做某事”；提供介词without可以构成without+V-ing 宾语结构作原因状语，意为“在没有…的情况下”，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：There is no way to lean a foreign language well without mastering great amounts of vocabulary. 。

2．考查固定结构和时态。

分析句子可知，as to 意为“对于…”，之后接名词性短语。

因此汉语“怎么解决我的问题”，可以译为“how to settle my problems”, 分析可得时态为过去发生的时间，用一般过去时。

再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：As to how to settle my problems my workmates supported many constructive advice。

3．考查固定结构和结果状语从句。

分析句子可知，前后句为因果关系，可用“so…that”句式，译为“如此,,,以致于…”,所给动词词组cannot help 为固定结构，之后接+V-ing ,译为“禁不住做某事”。

结合语境表达，应为一般过去时态，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Her speech was so amusing that the audience couldn’t help bursting into laughter now and then. 4．考查固定结构和非限制性定语从句。

分析句子可知，“对..至关重要”可用词组is essential to,主语为Ecological protection，宾语为human beings well-being and future，所提供固定结构bring about可意为“孕育”，且后半句可以用非限制性定语从句翻译，先行词由Ecological protection充当。

再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the world’s developm ent.
【点睛】
第4小题属于难度较大题目，在词汇，句式，语法方面要求较高。

词汇方面：be essential to对..很重要，bring about 引起，在做此题时，可以将题目一分为二：即：1）生态保护对人类的福祈和未来至关重要。

2）生态保护也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。

分别翻译可得：
Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future
Ecological protection also bri ngs about the historical opportunity of the world’s development.确立先行词为Ecological protection，第2句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。

因此可以翻译为：Ecological protection is essential to human beings well-being and future, which also brings about the historical opportunity of the wo rld’s development.
3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他一交试卷就意识到忘记写名字了。

（Hardly）
2．这家医院装备了现代化的设施，而且人们乘地铁可以到达。

（accessible）
3．在这样一个快速变化的社会，人们担心不能得到最新资讯并落后于他人。

（afraid）4．抱着努力不会白费的信念，他经历了起起伏伏，最终取得了成功。

（belief）
【答案】
1．Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．This hospital is equipped with modern facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. / In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind. 4．Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
【解析】
1．考查倒装句。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：hand in“提交”，realize“意识到”，要使用hardl y…when…句型，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时，hardly位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。

故译为：Hardly had he handed in the test paper when he realized that he had forgotten to write his name on it.
2．考查accessible的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：be equipped with modem facilities“装备了现代化的设施”，accessible“易接近的；可进入的”，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为：This hospital is equipped with modem facilities and is accessible by underground.
3．考查afraid的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：such a rapidly changing society“这样一个快速变化的社会”，be afraid of/that“担心，害怕”，be able to
do“能够做某事”，get the latest i nformation“得到最新资讯”，fall behind“落后”，此处描述的
是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为：In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid of not being able to get the latest information and thus falling behind others. /In such a rapidly changing society, people are afraid that they will not be kept updated with the latest information and thus fall behind.
4．考查belief的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，本句关键词（组）：hold/with the
belief“坚持信念”，pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste“不会白费”, achieve success“取得了成功”，go through ups and downs“经历了起起伏伏”。

此处描述的“信念”是客观真理，应使一般现在时或将来时，“取得成功”属于过去，应使用一般过去时。

故译为：Holding /With the belief that his efforts will pay off/ can’t be in vain/ won’t be wasted/ will be rewarded/no effort will turn out to be a waste, he achieved success in the end and after going through ups and downs.
4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几个小时才买到这个新出的iPhone。

（release）
2．一件雕塑赠予了城市博物馆，以纪念两个城市间的珍贵友谊。

（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。

（Hardly）
4．虽说忠言逆耳利于行，这个年纪的孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他可能越不会听。

（advice）
【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考查时态和过去分词作定语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in l ine/ queue，“新出的iPhone”the newly-released iPhone，其中一个时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”的现在分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提示，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考查被动语态和短语。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in
memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵的友谊”precious/ valuable friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考查部分倒装和被动语态。

根据汉语提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般过去时；“一……就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．考查让步状语从句和固定句型。

根据提示可知，本句的基础时态是一般现在时；“忠言”faithful/ frank/ honest advice，“越……越……”the + 比较级，the + 比较，“这个年纪的孩子”chi ldren of this age，“很有可能做某事”be likely to do sth.，“叛逆的”rebellious，“听取某人的建议”follow one's advice，再结合其它汉语提示，故本句可译为：Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考查固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”，该句型在时态上有要求，即主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，如把hardly置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。

例如：
I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.
和它用法一样的句型还有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…，例如：
I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。

→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.
5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.
1．只要你有耐心，你总能在夜市淘到一些便宜货。

(pick up)
2．让他宽慰的是，在房价飙升之前，他在同事的建议下买了一套公寓。

(advice)
3．这个品牌的手机各方面都比所有其他的手机好，只是价格实在太贵了。

(superior)
4．鉴于这个计划风险太大，虽然设计者的分析听上去很合理，政府最终没有采纳。

(risky)
【答案】
1．As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market. 2．To his great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advice before house prices rocketed. 3．This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.
4．Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually didn’t adopt it although
the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.
【解析】
1．考查状语从句和时态。

此处含as long as“只要”引导的条件状语从句的复合句；have patience“忍耐一下”；固定词组：pick up“捡起，获得”；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为As long as you have patience, you can always pick up some bargains in the night market.
2．考查状语从句和时态。

此处是含before“在…之前”引导的时间状语从句；分析句子结构：he是句子主语，谓语动词用一般过去时态bought，a flat是句子宾语；固定短语：To his great relief“使他非常欣慰的是”；his co lleague’s advice“他同事的建议”；再根据所给汉语可知翻译为：To his great relief, he bought a flat on his colleague’s advice before house prices rocketed.
3．考查时态和固定短语。

分析句子结构：This brand of mobile phone是句子主语；is superior to“优于”是谓语部分；except that除了…之外；再根据所给汉语可知句子用一般现在时态，故翻译为：This brand of mobile phone is superior to all the others in every respect, except that its price is really too high.
4．考查状语从句和时态。

此处是considering that“考虑到，就…而论”引导的原因状语从句；although引导让步状语从句；risky“冒险的”，adopt“采纳”；句子为一般过去时。

再根据所给汉语故翻译为：Considering that the plan was too risky, the government eventually didn’t adopt it although the designer’s analysis sounded sensible.
6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．不要运动过度，不然有猝死的可能。

(or)
2．我想当时你一定具有控制自己行为的能力。

(power)
3．虽然关注自己的快乐没有错，但把快乐传播给身边的人总是一件不错的事。

(communicate)
4．妄自菲薄只会让自己迷失方向，限制自身发展。

从今天开始就关掉消极频道，释放自身的潜能吧(nowhere)
【答案】
1．Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.
2．I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.
3．Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing to communicate happiness to people around.
4．Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.
【解析】
1．考查固定句式。

“don’t do…or…”表示“不要……，否则会……”，故翻译为：Don’t exercise too much, or you may die of sudden death.
2．考查情态动词+have done。

must have done表示对过去的事情最有把握的推测，表示“一
定做过……”，故翻译为：I think you must have had the power to control your behavior at that time.
3．考查让步状语从句和形式主语。

首先确定两个关键短语：communicate sth to sb表示“将……交（传递）给某人”，focus on表示“关注、集中于”，根据句意可知本句用although
引导让步状语从句，同时用it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故翻译为：Although there is nothing wrong with focusing on your own happiness, it is always a good thing
to communicate happiness to people around.
4．考查祈使句和非谓语动词。

根据句意确定本句使用祈使句，同时使用动名词做主语，另外stop doing表示“停止做某事”，故翻译为：Thinking poorly about yourself gets you nowhere, limiting your own development. Stop being negative from today and release your potential.
7．高中英语翻译题：翻译句子（根据汉语以及英语提示翻译以下句子）
1．I don’t want to _________________facts(记下一系列的事实) in a diary as most people do. 2．_______________________除了写作), I also enjoy rock climbing.
3．______________疲劳而且气喘吁吁的), Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
4．我仍然发现和他们交朋友很难。

(find it hard to…)
_____________________________________________________________________.
5．直到到家玛丽才认识到她丢了钥匙。

（not until 的强调句型）
_____________________________________________________________________.
【答案】
1．set down a series of
2．In addition to writing
3．Tired and short of breath,
4．I still found it hard to make friends with them.
5．It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查完成句子和句子翻译。

1．考查短语。

短语set down记下，写下；a series of一系列。

句意：我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐。

故填set down a series of。

2．考查短语。

短语in addition to除了……，to是介词。

句意：除了写作，我也喜欢攀岩。

故填In addition to writing。

3．考查形容词。

这里形容词作状语是表示伴随状语，解释说明主语。

句意： Andy and Ruby第一个到达泰山山顶，他们又疲劳而且气喘吁吁的。

故填Tired and short of breath。

4．考查短语。

find it hard to…发现……很难。

句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to make friends with them.故填：I still found it hard to make friends with them.。

5．考查强调句。

not until 的强调句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部
分。

从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。

故填：It was not until she got home that Mary realized that she had lost her key.
8．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．只有你尊重了别人，你才有可能从别人那里得到同样的尊重。

(Only)
2．虽然遭到父母的强烈反对，当他绝不会放弃追求自己的梦想。

(despite)
3．迄今虽说屡屡采取严控措施，但绝大多数人仍然觉得难以承担目前的高房价。

(majority) 4．虽然妇女对社会的贡献有目共睹，但对妇女的歧视仍然存在，并可能持续很长的一段时间。

(obvious)
【答案】
1．Only when you show respect for others will you be likely to receive the same respect from others.
2．Despite the fact that his parents strongly disagreed with him. he would never give up pursuing his dream.
3．Although it is said that serious measures have been taken for many times up till now a large majority of people still find it hard to afford the high housing price.
4．Although women’s contribution to the society is obvious, the discrimination against women still exists and it will last for a long time.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查翻译句子，注意使用括号内的提示词进行翻译。

1．考查倒装。

根据提示词和句意可知本句使用倒装句，当only+状语位于句首时，其后要采用部分倒装，同时要遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故翻译为：Only when you show respect for others will you be likely to receive the same respect from others.
2．考查让步状语从句和同位语从句。

根据提示词可知本句用despite引导让步状语从句，despite是介词，其后接名词而不能接句子，所以用that引导的同位语从句解释说明fact的具体内容，故翻译为：Despite the fact that his parents strongly disagreed with him, he would never give up pursuing his dream.
3．考查让步状语从句和固定句式。

根据句意可知本句用although引导让步状语从句，it is said that…表示“据说”，“采取严控措施”发生在过去并对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，同时“find it+hard+to do”表示“发现很难……”，故翻译为：Although it is said that serious measures have been taken for many times up till now a large majority of people still find it hard to afford the high housing price.
4．考查让步状语从句。

根据句意可知本句用although引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，陈
述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，故翻译为：Although women’s contribution to the society is obvious, the discrimination against women still exists and it will last for a long time.
9．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．这些保存完好的历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。

(date)
2．John难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多。

(Seldom)
3．基于个人消费历史的网上年度账单可能会带来隐私泄露问题。

(bring)
4．近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充分信任与理解医生。

(relieve)
【答案】
1．These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.
2．Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.
3．Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.
4．Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.
【解析】
1．考查date back to的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”，该词组没有被动语态，常使用一般现在时。

故译为：These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.
2．考查seldom引导倒装句的用法。

seldom位于句首时，后面需要部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时和过去将来时。

故译为：Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.
3．考查bring about的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用词组bring about“带来”，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。

故译为：Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.
4．考查relieve的用法。

根据句意及提示词可知，此处使用动词relieve“解除”的动名词词组做主语，句子使用现在完成时和一般现在时，故译为：Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.
10．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．已经有越来越多的人求助于瑜伽（yoga）来缓解工作中的压力。

（turn）
2．在我们做出最终决定之前，我们务必要把相关事实考虑在内。

（consideration）
3．这个游戏的独特之处在于它帮助孩子学会如何应对现实生活中他们可能遇到的问题。

（What）
4．只有通过参与社区志愿者活动才能有效地增强学生服务大众的责任感。

（Only）
【答案】
1．More and more people turn to yoga to relieve the stress from work.
2．Before we made the final decision, we make sure that the relative facts should be taken into consideration.
3．What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal with the problems they may meet in real life.
4．Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考查学生对于词汇语句实境的应用能力。

1．考查比较级句式和动词固定结构。

分析句子结构可知，时态为一般现在时，主语为“越来越多的人”，即：more and more people，谓语动词为turn to，意为“求助于”，“来缓解工作中的压力”为目的状语，可用to do 不定式表目的。

故翻译为：More and more people turn to yoga to relieve the stress from work.
2．考查状语从句和名词固定结构。

分析句子可知，“在我们做出最终决定之前”为时间状语从句，由before 引导，主句主语为“我们”we, 谓语为“确保”，make sure,之后可接宾语从句。

提供词consideration 可构成固定结构“take sth into consideration”，意为”将……考虑在内”。

故翻译为：Before we made the final decision, we make sure that the relative facts should be taken into consideration.
3．考查主语从句和疑问词+to do 不定式作宾语。

分析句子可知，句子主语为“这个游戏的独特之处”，可由what 引导主语从句，谓语为“在于”，可由be动词充当，“它帮助孩子学会如何应对现实生活中他们可能遇到的问题”可作表语从句，且使用how to deal with the problems 短语结构。

故翻译为：What makes the game unique is that it helps children learn how to deal with the problems they may meet in real life.
4．考查倒装句式。

分析句子结构可知，“只有通过参与社区志愿者活动”可由only 引导方式状语位于句首，主句使用部分倒装结构，即：only +方式状语+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语……” ,故翻译为：Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.
【点睛】
“only＋状语置于句首引起的倒装句”的基本用法
副词only置于句首，强调方式状语、条件状语、地点状语、时间状语等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。

即构成：Only+状语结构+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他
例如：
Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. 只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。

Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake.
只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错。

Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end. 一些预订
被取消了，他才得以买到了几张票。

小题4考查only引导的倒装句式。

需要掌握句式结构的前提下，灵活御用所学词汇和短语结构。

比如“参与”可由take part in 表达，“……的责任感”可由the sense of…表达。

因此全句翻译为： Only by taking part in the community voluntary activities, can the students increase the sense of serving the people.。