外研版初二(上)英语第12讲：Module6语法篇(学生版)

外研版初二（上）英语第12讲：Module6语法
篇（学生版）
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熟练把握本模块语法知识。

1.形容词变成副词的规律。

一样在形容词的词尾加-ly能够变成副词。

例如：quick—quickly, slow—slowly, loud—loudly, sudden—suddenly等。

专门情形：
温馨提示：副词修饰行为动词这一点。

如：
He is very ________(careful).
He does everything ________(carefully)
第一句中是作表语，用形容词careful；第二句中修饰行为动词does用副词carefully。

常考的形容词和副词辨析有：hard 努力——hardly 几乎不；late迟的，晚的——lately 近来；deep 深——deeply 深深地；near靠近——nearly 差不多；wide 宽——widely 广泛地；high高的——highly 高度地；close 靠近的——closely 紧密地；free免费的——freely 自由地。

3．复习动词不定式。

（1）不定式的差不多形式是“to＋动词原形”，或省略to用动词原形。

在句中使用时不能作谓语，但能够和自己的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。

e.g.The mother wants her to read English every day.
母亲要她的亲小孩每天读英语。

My mother asked me not to read in bed.
我的母亲要求我不要躺在床上看书。

（2）不定式的句法作用：
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的作用，它能够作宾语、宾补和状语。

①作宾语
e.g.He wants to go out with her.
他想和她一起出去。

（want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”）
注意：
a. 一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或期望，如：would like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。

e.g.Would you like to see a film this evening？
你今晚想去看电影吗？
b. 在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。

e.g.I find it easy to read English every day.
我发觉每天读英语专门简单。

②作宾语补足语：动词不定式作宾补时，它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。

e.g.Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.
露丝要他关小收音机。

(他关小收音机)
注意：动词不定式在使役动词make, let和感官动词see, watch, hear, f eel等词后作宾补时，常省去不定式符号to。

had better, would rather后的不定式也不带to，help后的不定式可带to，也可不带to。

e.g.Her mother makes her do homework every evening.
她母亲要她每天晚上都写作业。

Let’s see the dolphins.
我们去看海豚吧。

I hear her sing every day.
我听见她每天都唱歌。

You’d better do homework first.
你最好先做作业。

但make, see, hear等词在被动语态中，其后的不定式要带to。

e.g.She was heard to speak English.
有人听到她说英语。

③作目的状语，表示某一动作或状态的目的，常常翻译成“为了……”。

它可置于句首或者句末。

为了使目的意义更加清晰或表示强调意义时，还能够在前面加in order to或so as to。

e.g.Mrs. Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.
王女士去上海看望她的女儿。

To arrive in time, we’ll start early.
为了及时到达，我们将早动身。

We should work hard in order to pass the exam.
=We should work hard so as to pass the exam.
我们应该努力学习以便我们能通过考试。

1. Tom studies ________ but his sister ________ studies.
A．hard，hard B．hardly，hardly
C．hard，hardly D．hardly，hard
2.—What did the doctor tell you just now?
—He told me ________ less and ________ more.
A. eat; to sleep
B. to eat; sleep
C. to eat; sleeping
D. eating; sleeping
3. She was made ______ the housework every day .
do B. to do
C. doing
D. did
4. ________ the train , we got up early and booked a taxi in advan ce.
catch B. to catch
C. catching
D. caught
5. I think it meaningful _______ learn English .
A. learn
B. learning
C. to learn
D. learned
基础演练
用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. I hope _____( see ) her soon.
2. Sports help ______( keep) people healthy.
3. I except _______( enter ) graduate school in the fall.
4. He can’t decide when_______( start).
5. I found it difficult _______( work) out the match problem .
6. The first man ______( come ) was an old man .
7. I asked him _______ ( show )me the new dictionary .
8. He promised _______( not tell ) anyone about it .
巩固提高
1. –What does John do on the farm?
--Oh, his job is _______ the animals.
A. to feed
B. feed
C. to feeding
D. feeds
2. I was excited _______ from my cousin, Lin Li.
A. hearing
B. hear
C. to hear
D. heard
3. The students had many books about animals to _______.
A. see
B. look at
C. read
D. visit
4. He is making a poster ________ people from killing the rare ani mals.
A. to feed
B. to stop
C. to see
D. to show
5. You don’t need __________ every new word in your dictionary while reading.
A. to look for
B. to look at
C. to look after
D. to look up
6. The difficulty is _________ the ________ of rare animals.
A. stop, kill
B. to stop, killing
C. stop, killing
D. to stop, kill
7. The tigers go out ______ their food when they are hungry.
A. to look
B. to look for
C. to find
D. to find out
8.I think ________ is interesting to have a talk with the famous m an on TV.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. Its
9.It’s very kind of him ________ me with my English.
A. helps
B. to help
C. helping
D. help
I feel a bit cold. Tell Kate ________ the windows.
A. not to open
B. to not open
C. don’t open
D. not open
一．依照句意用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. I need ___________(clean) my house this afternoon.
2. Peter paid some money ___________(get) that basketball.
3. Do you think what we can do ___________(save) the animals?
4. It’s important ___________(learn) Chinese well.
5. ___________(catch) the bus, David had his breakfast quickly.
二．选择填空。

1. The teacher told them ________ make so much noise.
A. don’t
B. not
C. will not
D. not to
2. Our master often told us _______ things for granted.
A. not to have
B. not to take
C. didn’t take
D. not to make
3. Tell him _______ the window.
A. to shut not
B. not to shut
C. to not shut
D. not shut
4. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother t old him ______.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
5. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to eat
D. not eating
6. The workers want us ________ together with them.
A. work
B. working
C. to work
D. worked
7. I’m hungry. Get me something _________.
A. eat
B. to eat
C. eating
D. for eating
8. ---I usually go there by train.
---Why not _______ by boat for a change?
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
9. John was made _______ the truck for a week as a punishment.
A. to wash
B. washing
C. wash
D. to be washing
10. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
三. 完形填空。

阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从A、B、c、D四个选项中选出能够填入空白处的最佳选项。

Once, in a small village, lived a family with eight children. Two of the children loved1very much, but the family was so poor
that it was impossible to send2of them to study at the a rt college at the same time. After many discussions, the two boys finall y3 a plan. They would toss(抛) a coin. The loser would g o4into the mines (煤矿) and, with his earnings(赚得的
钱),5his brother studying at the college. Then, when the bro ther who won the toss finished his studies, after four years, he would sup port the other brother studying at the6
James won the toss and Jack went down into the mines. James worked with all his heart and his paintings were much7than those of most of his teachers, and by the time he8, he was beginning to make a lot of money for his paintings.
9James returned, the family held a big dinner for his gre at success. Soon after the meal began, James10up from his seat to drink a toast (举杯祝酒) to his dear11He said, "Jac k, now you can go to the art college and your12will com e true. I will take care of you. "
But Jack said13, "Brother, the four years in the mi nes has done too much to my hands, so it' s too14Now I can' t even hold a glass. "
To show his great love and respect, James drew his brother' s h ands with15towards the sky.
He called his drawing "The Praying Hands", which became very famous years later.
1.A. painting B. book
s
C. school
D. money
2.A. any B. al
l
C. both
D. neither
3.A. looked out B. worked out
C. took out
D. got out
4.A. off B. awa y
C. up
D. down
5.A. support B. agre
e
C. follow
D. let
6.A. home B. min e
C. college
D. school
7.A. better B. wors
e
C. cheaper D, older
8.A. arrived B. graduate
d
C. walked
D. waited
9.A. Before B. Whe
n
C. Though
D. While
10.A. picked B. turne
d
C. looked
D. stood
11.A. brother B. siste
r
C. father
D. mother
12.A. way B. ide
a
C. dream
D. practice
13.A. happily B. surprisedly
C. angrily
D. softly
14.A. early B. lat
e
C. good
D. helpful
15.A. legs B. fee
t
C. arms
D. fingers
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1.Who is the author of the book Little Bull?
A．Ellen James. B．Barbara Calamari.
C．Cathy West. D．Tomek Tryzna.
2．How much does the book The Trouble with Teachers cost you?
A．24.0 yuan. B．33.0 yuan.
C．30.0 yuan. D．15.0 yuan.
3．Which book should you buy if you want to know about a kind o f animal?
A．I've Got a Secret. B．The Trouble with Teachers.
C．Little Bull. D．Miss Nobody.
4．Cathy West's book is ______ yuan cheaper than Tomek Tryzna's.
A．four B．three
C．two D．one
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the table?
A．The book with the price of 30.0 yuan tells us how to keep a dia ry.
B．Barbara Calamari's book tells us the story in Angela's home.
C．Miss Nobody is about a fifteen­year­old girl.
D．If you pay 20.0 yuan,you can buy two books above.
A
We all know the giraffes are the tallest living animals on land. But do you want to learn more about them? Let me tell you.
Giraffes live in Africa. They have a very long neck. A giraffe can b e more than 18 feet tall.
A giraffe has four long, thin legs. The front legs are longer than the back legs. It can run about 50 kilometres each hour. A giraffe is probab ly famous for its long neck. It can reach the leaves at the top of the tre es.
A giraffe can live for 20—25 years in the wild, and often longer at zoos. An adult(成年的) giraffe eats up to 140 pounds of food each day.
A giraffe spends most of a day eating and it gets just a few leaves once. It eats leaves on tall trees, tall bushes and tall grass too. But its favouri
te food is leaves on the acacia trees(金合欢树). Acacia leaves contain a l ot of water, so a giraffe can go a long time without drinking.
1.What does a giraffe look like?
A. It is the second tallest living animal on land.
B. It has a long neck and four long, thin legs.
C. It can live for 20—25 years in the wild.
D. It can run about 50 kilometres each hour.
2.A giraffe is well­known because of _________.
A. its front legs
B. its speed(速度)
C. its neck
D. its food
3.What food does a giraffe like best?
A. Leaves of the acacia trees.
B. Green grass.
C. Tall bushes.
D. Little animals.
4.Why doesn’t a giraffe drink water for a long time?
A. It’s an animal of the desert.
B. It lives in the grassland.
C. It’s an animal like a camel.
D. Its food contains some water.
5.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. A giraffe is an animal from Europe.
B. A giraffe’s front legs are longer than the back legs.
C. It takes a giraffe lots of time to eat food.
D. A giraffe in the wild can live for over 20 years.
B
Do you know why different animals or insects(昆虫) have their speci al colours? Colours are used mainly to protect themselves.
Why can’t some birds easily catch locusts(蝗虫)? It is because locus ts change their colours together with the change of the colours of crops (庄稼)．When crops are green, locusts look green.But as autumn comes, l ocusts change to the same brown colour as crops have. Some other insect s with different colours from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives in the day and appear only at night.
If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of colouring i s to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals can’t be easily se en by hunters(猎人)．This is because they have the colours much like the trees.
Have you ever noticed an even more strange thing？A kind of fish i n the sea can send out black liquid(液体) when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开)，its enemies(敌人) can’t find it.And it quickly swims away.So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.
6.From the article we learn that locusts _________.
A. are dangerous to their enemies
B. are easily found by birds
C. change their colours to protect themselves
D. are small animals
7.How can insects with different colours from plants keep out of dan ger?
A. They have to move quietly.
B. They hide themselves in the day and appear at night.
C. They have the colours much like their enemies.
D. They run away quickly.
8.Bears and lions can keep safe because __________.
A. they live in forests
B. they like brown and grey colours
C. they move quietly
D. they have the colours much like the trees
9.A kind of fish in the sea can live up to now because ________．
A. it is very big and strong
B. the liquid it sends out can help it swim away from its enemies
C. the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies
D. it swims faster than any other fish
10.Which is the best title for this passage?
A. The Main Use of Colours for Animals and Insects
B. Colours of Different Animals and Insects
C. The Change of Colours for Animals and Insects
D. The Change of Different Animals and Plants。