英美文学10

自考英美文学选读书单

自考英美文学选读书单全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：自考英美文学选读书单：自考英美文学选读一直是自考英美文学专业的核心课程之一，对学生的文学修养和英语水平提升起着非常重要的作用。

下面给大家推荐一份【自考英美文学选读】书单，希望对大家学习和备考有所帮助。

1. 《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）- 夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Bronte）《简·爱》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描写了主人公简·爱的一生遭遇及成长历程。

小说通过简·爱的内心世界、对生活的思考和对爱情的追求，展示了女性独立、坚强和自由的形象，被誉为女性主义文学的杰作。

2. 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）- 简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen）《傲慢与偏见》是英国文学史上的又一经典之作，讲述了伊丽莎白·班奇和达西先生之间的爱情故事。

小说通过调侃社会习俗、揭示人性弱点和倡导女性独立，展现了简·奥斯汀的精湛文学功底和对人性深刻洞察的能力。

3. 《了不起的盖茨比》（The Great Gatsby）- F·司各特·菲茨杰拉德（F. Scott Fitzgerald）《了不起的盖茨比》是美国文学史上的代表作之一，讲述了上世纪20年代美国高盛时期的繁荣与荒诞。

小说通过主人公盖茨比的爱情故事、社会地位和金钱的探讨，揭示了美国梦的虚幻和人性的贪婪，具有较高的文学价值和社会意义。

《呼啸山庄》是英国文学史上的经典之作，描绘了希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳之间的爱恨纠葛。

小说通过家族恩怨、爱情悲剧和人性探讨，展现了勃朗特姐妹的文学才华和对人性矛盾的深刻理解。

《去吧，告诉她们，我在这里》是美国文学史上的力作之一，讲述了黑人青年约翰尼的成长经历和对信仰的追求。

小说通过种族歧视、家庭纠葛和自我认同的挣扎，反映了美国社会的种族问题和对人类命运的深刻思考。

(完整版)英美文学名词解释最全版

01. Humanism(人文主义)1>Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.2> it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.02. Renaissance(文艺复兴)1>The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”, it meant the reintroduction into western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and reformation.3> the real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with William Shakespeare being the leading dramatist.03. Metaphysical poetry(玄学派诗歌)1>Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.2>with a rebellious spirit, the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassical periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.4>the imagery is drawn from actual life.04. Classicism(古典主义)Classicism refers to a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes.05. Enlightenment(启蒙运动)1>Enlightenment movement was a progressive philosophical and artistic movement which flourished in France and swept through western Europe in the 18th century.2> the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance from 14th century to the mid-17th century.3>its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.4>it celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education.5>famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like Alexander pope. Jonathan Swift. etc.06.Neoclassicism(新古典主义)1>In the field of literature, the enlightenment movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works.2>this tendency is known as neoclassicism. The Neoclassicists held that forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers such as Homer and Virgil and those of the contemporary French ones.3> they believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity.07. The Graveyard School(墓地派诗歌)1>The Graveyard School refers to a school of poets of the 18th century whose poems are mostly devoted to a sentimental lamentation or meditation on life. Past and present ,with death and graveyard as themes.2>Thomas Gray is considered to be the leading figure of this school and his Elegy written in a country churchyard is its most representative work.08. Romanticism(浪漫主义)1>In the mid-18th century, a new literary movement called romanticism came to Europe and then to England.2>It was characterized by a strong protest against the bondage of neoclassicism, which emphasized reason, order and elegant wit. Instead, romanticism gave primary concern to passion, emotion, and natural beauty.3>In the history of literature. Romanticism is generally regarded as the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and experience. 4> The English romantic period is an age of poetry which prevailed in England from 1798 to 1837. The major romantic poets include Wordsworth, Byron and Shelley.09. Byronic Hero(拜伦式英雄)1>Byronic hero refers to a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.2> with immense superiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic Hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society. And would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.3> Byron’s chief contribution to English literature is his creation of the “Byronic Hero”10. Critical Realism(批判现实主义)1>Critical Realism is a term applied to the realistic fiction in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.2> It means the tendency of writers and intellectuals in the period between 1875 and 1920 to apply the methods of realistic fiction to the criticism of society and the examination of social issues.3> Realist writers were all concerned about the fate of the common people and described what was faithful to reality.4> Charles Dickens is the most important critical realist.11. Aestheticism（美学主义）1>The basic theory of the Aesthetic movement--- “art for art’s sake” was set forth by a French poet, Theophile Gautier, the first Englishman who wrote about the theory of aestheticism was Walter Pater.2> aestheticism places art above life, and holds that life should imitate art, not art imitate life.3> According to the aesthetes, all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective. Art should be free from any influence of egoism. Only when art is for art’s sake, can it be immortal. They believed that art should be unconcerned with controversial issues, such as politics and morality, and that it should be restricted to contributing beauty in a highly polished style.4> This is one of the reactions against the materialism and commercialism of the Victorian industrial era, as well as a reaction against the Victorian convention of art for morality’s sake, or art for money’s sake.美学运动的基本原则”为艺术而艺术”最初由法国诗人西奥费尔.高缔尔提出,英国运用该美学理论的第一人是沃尔特.佩特.美学主义崇尚艺术高于生活,认为生活应模仿艺术,而不是艺术模仿生活.在美学主义看来,所有的艺术创作都是绝对主观而非客观的产物.艺术不应受任何功利的影响,只有当艺术为艺术而创作时,艺术才能成为不朽之作.他们还认为艺术不应只关注一些热点话题如政治和道德问题,艺术应着力于以华丽的风格张扬美.这是对维多利亚工业发展时期物质崇拜的一种回应,也是向艺术为道德或为金钱而服务的维多利亚传统的挑战.12.The Victorian period(维多利亚时期)1>In this period, the novel became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought. While sticking to the principle of faithful representation of the 18th century realist novel, novelists in this period carried their duty forward to criticism of the society and the defense of the mass.2> although writing from different points of view and with different techniques, they shared one thing in common, that is, they were all concerned about the fate of the common people. They were angry with the inhuman social institutions, the decaying social morality as represented by the money-worship and Utilitarianism, and the widespread misery, poverty and injustice.3>their truthful picture of people’s life and bitter and strong criticism of the society had done much in awakening the public consciousness to the social problems and in the actual improvement of the society.4> Charles Dickens is the leading figure of the Victorian period.13. Modernism(现代主义)1>Modernism is comprehensive but vague term for a movement , which begin in the late 19th century and which has had a wide influence internationally during much of the 20th century.2> modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical case.3> the term pertains to all the creative arts. Especially poetry, fiction, drama, painting, music and architecture.4> in England from early in the 20th century and during the 1920s and 1930s, in America from shortly before the first world war and on during the inter-war period, modernist tendencies were at their most active and fruitful.5>as far as literature is concerned, Modernism reveals a breaking away from established rules, traditions and conventions. fresh ways of looki ng at man’s position and function in the universe and many experiments in form and style. It is particularly concerned with language and how to use it and with writing itself.14. Stream of consciousness(意识流)(or interior monologue)In literary criticism, Stream of consciousness denotes a literary technique which seeks to describe an individual’s point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character’s thought processes. Stream of consciousness writing is strongly associated with the modernist movement. Its introduction in the literary context, transferred from psychology, is attributed to May Sinclair. Stream of consciousness writing is usually regarded as a special form of interior monologue and is characterized by associative leaps in syntax and punctuation that can make the prose difficult to follow, tracing as they do a character’s fragmentary thoughts and sensory feelings. Famous writers to employ this technique in the English language include James Joyce and William Faulkner.学术界认为意识流是一种通过直接描述人物思维过程来寻求个人视角的文学写作技巧。

英语专业英美文学文学汇总

英语专业英美文学文学汇总Literature terms1Epic : a long narrative poem telling about the deedsof a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.（史诗）2Romance:It was a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventures of a noble hero.（传奇文学）3Heroic Couplet: the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. (英雄双韵体)4Iambic Pentameter: is the most common Englishmeter, in which each foot contains an unaccentedsyllable and an accented syllable. (五音步抑扬格)meter 格律foot音步5ballad: is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.（歌谣）6Sonnet: It is a lyric poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme.（十四行诗）7Blank verse: is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme.（无韵诗）8Soliloquy: an utterance or discourse by a person who is talking to himself/ herself or is disregardful of or oblivious to any hearers present (often used as a device in a drama to disclose a character’s innermost thoughts); 2. theact of talking while or as if alone(独白)9Classicism: Aesthetic attitudes and principles manifested in the art, architecture, and literature of ancient Greece and Romeand characterized by emphasis on form, simplicity, proportion, and restraint. Classicism was popular in Europe in the 18th century.（古典主义）10Neo-classicism: neo-classicism imitated the characteristics of Roman writers, including Horace, V irgil, Cicero, etc., in the days of Augustus. They tried to make English literature conform to rules and principles established by the great Roman and Greek classical writers. In writing plays, they used rhyme and couplet instead of blank verse, observed thetrinity --- the unity of time, place and action.（新古典主义）11An epistolary novel is a novel written as a series of documents. The usual form is letters, although diary entries, newspaper clippings and otherdocuments are sometimes used.（书信体小说）12Sentimentalism is one of the important trends in English literature of the middle and later decades of the 18th century. It justly criticized the cruelty of the capitalist relations and the gross social injustices brought about by the bourgeoisrevolutions. It embraces a pessimistic outlook and blames reason and the Industrial Revolution, marked by a sincere sympathy for thepoverty-stricken ,expropriated peasants.(感伤主义)Romanticism: Romanticism is a literary trend. It prevails in England during the period 1798-1832. romanticists expressed the ideology and sentiment of those classes and social strata who were discontent with and opposed to the development of capitalism. They split into two groupsbecause of the different attitudes toward the capitalist society.（浪漫主义）Ode is a lyric poem of some length that honors an individual,a thing, a trait dealing with a lofty theme in a dignified manner. The form dates back to classical times and is originally intended to be sung at festivals or in plays.Brief Outline of British Literature：works1. Early and Medieval English Literature1) The Anglo-Saxon Period (449-1066)National epic:The Song of Beowulf2) The Anglo-Norman Period (1066-1350)Arthurian Romance: Sir Gawain andGreen Knight3) Geoffrey Chaucer1340-1400：Messenger of HumanismThe first important realistic writer“Father” of English poetryThe Canterbury T ales the wife of Bath（巴斯夫人）,the Knight（骑士）,the Pardoner（卖赎罪卷者）,the Nun’s Priest（尼姑的教士）,the Prologue（序诗）.The Romaunt of the Rose 《玫瑰传奇》The Book of the Duchess 《悼公爵夫人》Troilus and Criseyde《特罗伊洛斯和克瑞西德》Thomas MaloryMorte d’Arthur (Death of Arthur)《亚瑟之死》William LanglandPiers the Plowman[Boccaccio薄伽丘：Decameron《十日谈》Ovid奥维德:《爱的艺术》《变形记》]2. The English Renaissance (16 century)Thomas MoreUtopiaChristopher Marlowe克里斯托弗·马洛First person used blank verseDeath of Arthur 《亚瑟之死》Tamburlaine the Great ?帖木儿大帝?The Jew of Malta ?马尔他岛的犹太人?The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus?浮士德博士的悲剧?Hero and Leander《海洛和利安得》The Passionate Shepherd to His Love《牧羊人的恋歌》William Shakespeareone of the founders of realism in world literature as well as in Engl ish literatureV enus and Adonis《维纳斯与安东尼斯》The Rape of Lucrece《鲁克里斯受辱记》Four tragedies：Hamlet《哈姆雷特》Othello《奥塞罗》King Lear《李尔王》Macbeth《麦克白》Four comedies：A Midsummer Night’s Dream《仲夏夜之梦》The Merchant of V enice《威尼斯商人》As You Like It《皆大欢喜》Twelfth Night《第十二夜》Ben Jonson本·琼森first poet- laureateafter Shakespeare the most eminent writer for the Elizabethan stagethe greatest dramatist after Shakespearethe founder of the so-called “Comedy of Humors”,Every Man in His Humor《人人高兴》Every Man Out of His Humor《人人扫兴》Volpone 《福尔蓬奈》the Fox《狐狸》The Alchemist《炼金术士》Sir Thomas Wyatt托马斯·怀亚特Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey 亨利·霍华德·萨里伯爵Sir Philip Sidney 西德尼Astrophel and Stella《爱星者和星星》Arcadia《阿卡狄亚》The Defence of Poetry《诗辩》Edmund Spenser埃德蒙·斯宾塞the Poet’s poet , a model of poetical artgreatest non-dramatic poet of his timefirst master of English verseThe Shepherd’s Ca lendar《牧人月历》Amoretti 《爱情小诗》The Fairy Queen《仙后》Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根The father of experimental philosophyThe most important prose writer of the Elizabethan Agethe first English essayistthe founder of English materialist philosophy.The Advancement of Learning《学术的进展》The Novum Organum (The New Instrument)《新工具》The New Atlantis《新大西岛》The Essays 《散文集》(Of Studies)3. The Period of The English Bourgeois Revolution (17 century)John Milton约翰·弥尔顿the smartest man in Europea master of the blank verseParadise Lost《失乐园》Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》Lycidas 《利西达斯》Comus《科玛斯》a masque《假面剧》John Bunyan约翰·班扬Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinner《功德无量》The Life and Death of Mr. Badman《恶人先生的生平和死亡》《贝德曼先生的一生》The Holy War《神圣战争》John Donne约翰·邓恩Founder of Metaphysical poetry选学派诗人Songs and Sonnets《歌与短歌》Holy sonnet《圣十四行诗》Divine poem《神圣诗歌》Elegies and Satire《挽歌与讽刺诗》Meditations《冥想》/《沉思》4. The Age of Enlightenment (18 century)Alexander Pope亚历山大·蒲柏Essay on Criticism《论批评》The Rape of the Lock《夺发记》Joseph Addison约瑟夫·艾狄生andRichard Steel理查德·斯蒂尔The T atler and The SpectatorDaniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福18世纪启蒙时期现实主义小说的奠基人Robinson CrusoeCaptain Singleton《辛格顿船长》Colonel Jacque《杰克上校》Moll Flanders《茉尔·弗兰德丝》A Journal of the Plague Year《瘟疫记事》Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特One of the greatest masters of English prosea master satiristGulliver’s TravelsA T ale of a Tub 《一个木桶的故事》The Battle of Books《书的战争》The Drapier’s Letters《一个麻布商的书信》A Modest Proposal《一个小小的建议》Samuel Richardson 塞谬尔·理查逊Pamela 《帕美勒》Clarissa: Or the History of a Young Lady《克拉丽莎》The History of Sir Charles Grandison《查尔斯·葛兰底森爵士传》Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁最早的现实主义小说理论家现实主义小说奠基人Tom Jones《汤姆˙琼斯》Don Quixote in England《唐吉诃德在英国》Pasqin《巴斯昆》The Historical Register for the Year 1736《一七三六年历史记事》The Tragedy of Tragedies or The Life and Death of Tom Thumb the Great 《悲剧的悲剧：或伟人汤姆传》Joseph Andrews《约瑟夫˙安德鲁斯的经历》Jonathan Wild the Great《大伟人乔纳森˙魏尔德》Amelia《阿米丽亚》Samuel Johnson塞缪尔·约翰逊As Lexicographer or The Dictionary of the English Language 英语词典Oliver Goldsmith戈德史密斯Ano velist and poet belongs to the school of Sentimentalism She Stoops to Conquer《屈伸求爱》The Vicar of Wakefield 《威克菲尔德牧师传》The Traveler and The Deserted VillageThe Citizen of the World《世界公民》Richard Brinsley Sheridan 谢里丹The School for Scandal 《造谣学校》Comedy of Manners风尚喜剧Thomas Gray 格雷-------- sentimentalismOn the Death of a Favorite Cat 《爱猫之死》Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard 《墓园挽歌》The Progress of Poetry 《诗的发展》The Correspondence of Thomas Gray《格雷书信集》William Blake威廉布莱克Tiger 《老虎》Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》Songs of Experience《经验之歌》The Marriage of Heaven and Hell《天堂与地狱的婚姻》Robert Burns-罗伯特彭斯--- pre-romanticismthe most famous poets of the peasants in the worldA red red rose《我的爱人像朵红红的玫瑰》5. Romanticism in England (19 century)PoetryWilliam Wordsworth华兹华斯The prelude《序曲》Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud《我好似一朵流云独自漫步》To the 《咏水仙》S. T. Coleridge柯林律治The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》《古水手谣》Kubla khan 《忽必烈汗》George Gordon Byron乔治戈登拜伦One of the most excellent representatives of English Romanticismone of the most influential poets of the timeHours of Idleness《闲暇时刻》Child Harold’s Pil grimage《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》.Don Juan《唐璜》She Walks in BeautyPercy Bysshe Shelley雪莱Prometheus Unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》Queen Mab 《仙后麦布》Address to the Irish People《告爱尔兰人书》The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰的反叛》The Masque of Anarchy《暴政的行列》The Cenci《钦契一家》A Defence of Poetry《诗辩》The Necessity of Atheism《无神论的必要性》Ode to the West Wind10. T o a Skylark《致云雀》John Keats济慈Lamia《莱米亚》Endymion《恩底弥翁》On First Looking into Chapman’s Homer《初读查普曼译荷马史诗》Isaabella 《伊莎贝拉》The Eve of St. Agnes《圣·爱格尼斯节前夕》Hyperion《赫坡里昂》On a Grecian Urn 《希腊古瓮颂》T o Autumn《秋颂》On Melancholy《忧郁颂》T o a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》Prose fictionWalter Scott司各特the first novelist to recreate the pastWaverleyOld MoralityRob RoyThe Heart of MidlothianIvanhoe《艾凡赫》Rob RoyNovelJane Austen 简·奥斯丁Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德花园》Emma《爱玛》Persuasion 《劝告》Romantic essayCharles Lamb查尔斯·兰姆Tales from Shakespeare《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》Album VersesEssays of Elia《伊利亚随笔》William Hazlitt威廉·赫列特Thomas De Quincey托马斯·德·昆西6. The V ictorian Age --- Critical Realism in England (19 century)NovelCharles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》The Old Curiocity Shop《老古玩店》The Pickwick Papers《匹克威克外传》fill in the BlanksBeowulf is a folk legend brought to England by the Anglo-Saxons from their primitive Northern Europe.Beowulf was passed down from mouth to mouth.Beowulf was written down in the 10th century.Humanism refers to the literary culture in the Renaissance.Humanism became the central theme of English Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanistsHumanism is the idea that man has a potential for culture which distinguishes him from lower orders of beings, and which he should strive constantly to fulfill.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture, the new discoveries in geography and astrology, the religious reformation and the economic expansion.Early Plays in Middle Ages include The Miracle Play奇迹剧The Morality Play道德剧The Interlud幕间休息剧The ClassicalDrama古典剧The immediate predecessors of Shakespeare were a group of men from the two universities of Oxford and Cambridge, who were generally known as the University WitsThe key-note of Ham let’s character is melancholy，and there can be no Hamlet without melancholyHamlet is a hero of the RenaissanceHamlet’s learning , wisdom, noble nature,limitation and tragedy are all representative of the humanists at the turn of the 17th and the 16th centuries.Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, and the dramatic blank verse;He was a great master of English language;He was the summit of the English Renaissance and one of the great writers all over the world.Adam and Eve embody Milton’s belief in the powers of man , craving (longing) for knowledge.Satan is a rebel against tyranny and Satan and his followers resemble a republican ParliamentEnglish enlighteners believed in the power of reason. That is why the 18th century has often been called “the age of reason” or “the kingdom of reason”.Most of the enlighteners believed that social problems could be solved by human intelligence.this period was characterized by the so-called neo-classicism of which theleading figure was Alexander Pope.The representative of Periodical Literature in Early 18th Century England: Addison and SteeleThe best part of Robinson Crusoe is the realistic account ofthe successful struggle of Robinson alone against the pitiless forces of nature on the island.A social fable consists of four books. The hero of the novel is Lemuel Gulliver, a doctor. telling about his fantastic visits to some unbelievable places, in which the inhabitants are Lilliputians,the giants Brobdingnagians, Yahoos, and Houyhnhnms.The features of the Romantic writings a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society.Romantic writings are filled with strong-willed heroes or even titanic images, formidable events and tragic situations, powerful conflicting passions and exotic picturesThe romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of manPersonified nature plays an important role in the pages of Romantic writingsThe publication of the “Lyrical Ballads” marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th centuryi wandered lonely contains four six-lined stanzas of iambic tetrameter.The poem is about The beauty of natureQuestion1What is Literature？Literature refers to the practice and profession of writing. It comes from human interest in telling a story, in arranging words in artistic forms, in describing in words some aspects of human experiences.2What is Renaissance?1. DefinitionThe Renaissance (14th –mid-17th century), which means rebirth and revival. The renaissance, therefore, in essence, is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers andscholars tried to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church(罗马天主教堂).It is characterized with the growth of a more scientific outlook, major development in art and literature, new invention and overseas discoveries and a general assertion of human value and emancipation(解放) of the human intellect and power.3Summarize the periods of Shakespeare’s literary career and achievements？Shakespeare’s Literary CareerFour successive periods with increasing maturity◆1588-1593, the Period of Experiment and Preparation●Richard III, a melodramatic chronicle-history play, largely imitative of Marlowe and yet showing striking power●At the end of this period Shakespeare issued two rather long narrative poems on classical subjects, Venus and Adonis and The Rape of Lucrece◆1594-1601, the second period Shakespeare’s work, f illed with chronicle-history plays and comedies●Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V, etc.●Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, Much Ado about Nothing, As You Like It●Romeo and Juliet◆1601-1609, the third period of Shakespeare’s literary career, i n which appeared Shakespeare’s great tragedies and certain cynical plays●In these plays, Shakespeare sets himself to grapple with the deepest and darkest problems of human characters and life●Shakespeare’s four great tragediesHamlet: the struggle of a perplexed and divided soul/selfOthello: the ruin of a noble life/ man by an evil one through the terrible power of jealousyKing Lear: unnatural ingratitude working its hateful will and yetthwarted at the end by its own excess and by faithful loveMacbeth: the destruction of a large nature by material ambition◆After 1609, the fourth period of Shakespear e’s literary career, a periodof romance-comedies●Shakespeare did not solve the insoluble problems of life, but having presented them as powerfully, perhaps, as is possible for human intelligence, he turned in his last period to the expression of the serene philosophy of life●Cymbeline, The Winter’s Tale, and The Tempest(1) Shakespeare is one of the founders of realism in world literature. He maintains that the purpose of dramatic performance is "to hold, as it were, the mirror up to nature". In his works, he paints the decline of the old feudal nobility and the vice of the new Tudor monarch. Besides,his plays have good plots and life-like characters too. His drama is an expression, a monument of the English Renaissance since he wrote about his own people for his own time.(2)Shakespeare is amazingly prolific Within 22 years, he produced 37 plays, 154 sonnets,and 2 long poems. No two of his play invoke the same feeling or image among the audience. He is a master-hand for every form of drama-comedy, tragedy, and historical plays. He gives us a world of full-blooded people who live and struggle, suffer andrejoice-representing all the complexitiesand implications of real life.(3)Shakespeare was skilled in many poetic forms: the song, the sonnet, the couplet, andthe dramatic blank verse. And he is a great master of the English language. He used a vocabulary larger than any other English writersMany of his new coinage and turns of expressions havebecome every-day usage in English life. Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the EnglishBible are the two great treasures of the English language.(4)Hence, Shakespeare has been universally acknowled ged to be the summit of theEnglish Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers the world over. 3Chaucer’s Contribution？1. He introduced from Italy and France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (heroic couplet) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse.2. He was the first great poet who wrote in English language (Middle English), thus establishing English as the literary language.3. He did much in making the London dialect the foundation for modern English language4What is the Enlightenment Movement?The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as the Enlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism.What is romanticism? What about its feature?1. The general feature is a dissatisfaction with the bourgeois society.2. Their writings are filled with strong-willed heroes or even titanic images, formidable events and tragic situations, powerful conflicting passions and exotic pictures.3. The romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man.Personified nature plays an important role in the pages of their works.文学赏析Beowulf:---national epic(1) Goodness conquers evil. (Beowulf stands for all that is good, brave and proper, while the monsters stand for evil.)(2) Men against nature (The poem presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggles against the hostile forces of the natural world under a wise and mighty leader.)(3) Judge the greatness of a human being by the greatness of his deeds and his noble ancestry.(4) Help thy neighbor. (Beowulf risks his life to help a neighbor, King Hrothgar, in trouble.)(5) Forces of darkness—irrational, menacing—are always at work in society.The writing features of Beowulf1). The most important is in alliterative(头韵的) verse and in artistic form.2). Another is the frequent use of metaphors and understatements(暗含的意义) for ironical humor.The Faerie(Fairy) Queene and Commentsa long poem1 The dominating thoughts of it: nationalism, humanism and Puritanism2 The Spenserian stanza: a verse form consisting of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed by a ninth line of 6 iambic feet with the rhyme scheme ababbcbcc.3 The Faerie Queene is the first national epic of England in the age of the Renaissance. It expresses the poet’s patriotic feelings of national greatness, and voices the moral ideals of the English aristocracy as embodied in the noble, virtuous and brave knight.The Image of Hamlet1. He is a humanist free from medieval prejudice and superstition. He has love for the world rather than heaven, he cherishes a firm belief inman’s power and destiny.2. He loves good and hates evil. He adore his father, loves Ophelia and greets his school-fellows with hearty welcome, while he is disgusted with his uncle’s drunkenness and shocked by his mother’s shal lowness3. His intellectual genius is outstanding. He is a close observer. He can easily see through people. His quick perception drives him to penetrate below the surface of things and question what others take for granted. He is scholar, soldier and statesman. His image reflects the versatility of the men of the Renaissance.The Merchant of V eniceThe traditional themeT o praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, and to expose the insatiable greed and brutality of the Jew.The modern interpretationT o regard the play as a satire of the Christians’hypocrisy and their false standards of friendship and love, their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against Jews, here represented by ShylockParadise lost1. The theme of the poem is a revolt against God’s authority.2. God: selfish despot暴君,cruel, unjust3. Adam and Eve embody Milton’s belief in the powers of man, craving (longing) for knowledge4. Go d’s angels are foolish, resembling the court of an absolute monarch.5. Satan is a rebel against tyranny(专制，暴行) and Satan and his followers resemble a republican ParliamentThe Image of Satan1. Satan is the real hero of the poem.2. He is firmer than the rest of the angels.3. He has an invincible(战无不胜的) heart.4. Satan remains superior in nobility and welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy;5. Satan is the spirit questioning the authority of God.6. Milton makes Satan as his own mouthpiece(代言人).The Pilgrim’s ProgressBunyan’s language1.Bunyan’s language is chiefly plain and colloquial and quite modern in comparison with that of the writers of the Renaissance.2. His language is clear, vivid, natural, homely (朴实的), fluent, musical and powerful.3. He paved the way not only in language style but also inwriting technique of novels, for the novelists of the 18th century as Swift and Defoe.The image of Robinson Crusoe1.One of the representative of the rising bourgeoisie2. An enterprising Englishman3. A laborer, a hard-working industrious and intelligent man.4. A typical colonizer, explorer, and a foreign trader.5.He is alert, vigorous and resourcefulBlake’s poems such as tiger 《老虎》and comments on Blank(1) Blake’s poems see m easy but difficult to understand for his m mysterious images and symbols, unless versed in ( skilled at )religious knowledge.(2) Blake’s poems are full of emotion and apparent presentation of his progressive democratic idea in symbolism Comments1) Blake was opposed to the classicism of the 18th century.2) His poems were full of romantic spirit, imagery symbolism and revolutionary spirit.3) He was a Pre-Romanticist or forerunner of the romantic poetry of the 19th century.Comments on Burns & His Poems1. Burns was one of the most famous poetsof the peasants in the world.2. He obtained the characteristic of all old Scottish songs: simplicity, vividness, humor, directness and optimism, with a new spirit of romanticism.Explanation William Wordsworth poem i wandered lonely【赏析】：这首诗写于诗人从法国回来不久。

英美文学选读要点总结精心整理

英美文学选读要点总结精心整理[英国』Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1.Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。

2.the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。

3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。

4.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。

5.Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。

英美文学

英美文学默认分类2010-05-02 16:15:36 阅读334 评论0 字号：大中小订阅0.英格兰和苏格兰民谣，叠句（refrain）和递增重复是主要特点。

多关于Robin Hood and his partners.Iambic tetrameterIambic trimetreIambic tetrameterIambic trimetre1.中古传奇文学：中世纪封建社会忠告贵族的骑士所经历的冒险生活和浪漫爱情，反应骑士阶层的思想情感。

主题: 冒险，爱情，宗教关于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士代表作sir Gawain and the green knight 用了alliteration2. Geoffrey Chaucer 英国诗歌之父the Canterbury Tale 英国中世纪第一部完美的现实主义作品。

Chaucer是英国文学史上第一个用民族语言（盎格鲁萨克孙语）进行创作的文学家。

3. Thomas More 英国早期人文主义者代表作Utopia 世界文学史上第一部空想社会主义小说，开创这里幻想小说的先河。

4. Edmund Spencer 英国杰出诗人代表作长诗The Faerie Queen 歌颂伊丽莎白女王，宣扬人文主义。

斯宾塞诗体5. Francis Bacon 17世纪英国杰出散文家第一部Essays : Of Studies Of Truth Of BeautyThe Advancement of Learning6. Shakespeare 人文主义杰出代表37部戏剧三个时期：1 : 以历史剧：Richard III，Henry IV喜剧：A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, As You Like It,Twelfth Night2: 悲剧为主：四大悲剧3：浪漫主义传奇剧：Cymberline, The Winter’s Tale, The Tempest.157首sonnet 四，四，四，二编排：abab, cdcd, efef, gg.最后两句为总结性语句。

【免费下载】英美文学选读习题10

【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分[1]It is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good forturen must be in want of a wife.However little known the feelings or views of such a man many be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrouding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.Questions:A. Identify the author and the title from which the above passage is taken.B. What is this passage describing?答：The only major languag答案：Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice, Mrs Bennet, considering her daughters' marriage【题型：论述】【分数：10分】得分：0分[2]How did the Lost Generation come into being in the literary history of the United States? Who were the leading figures of this literary movement?答：答案：First World War|American|young men|disillusioned|expatriates|European countries|Pound|Frost|Fiztgerald|Hemingway|Faulkner【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[3] Jane Austen’ s first novel ________ tells a story about two sisters and their love affairs.A Mansfield ParkB Sense and SensibilityC Pride and PrejudiceD Sons and Lovers答：答案：B【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[4]Give the symbolic meanings of characters Gerald and Birkin in the novel Women in Love.答：答案： They are the symbols of spiritual deathand bourgeois ethics.【题型：论述】【分数：10分】得分：0分[5]Discuss the artistic features of Shelley's poems.答：答案：lyrical|poet|classical|mythological|allusions|figures of speech|metaphor|personification|description【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[6]“O prince, O chief of many throned powers, That led th’ embattled seraphim to war Under thyconduct, and in dreadful deeds Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual King.” In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise LosA Satan’sB God’sC Adam’sD Eve’s答：答案：A【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[7]What’s the theme of Emily Bronte’ s Wuthering Heights?答：答案： a story of revenge;From the social point of view, it is a story about a poor man abused; it is also a love story.【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分[8]43. “My tongue, every atom of my blood, form’ d from this soil, this air,Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same,I, now thirty- seven years old in perfect health begin,Hoping to cease not till death”Questions:A. Who’s the poet of the quoted stanza, and what’s the title of the poem?B. What do “soil” and “air” represent in the first line?C. What does the poet try to say in the above quoted lines?答：答案：Whitman, Song of Myself|America|devotion【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[9]Much of ____ drama is constructed around the inversion of a conventional theatrical situation.A A. YeatsB B. Gregory’sC C. GalsworthyD D. Shaw’s答：答案：D【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[10]What is the language style of Mark Twain?答：答案： He uses vernacular and colloquial speech, concrete and direct words, simple and ungrammatical sentences.【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分[11]But it seemed that both his audacity and his respect were lost on Miss Daisy Miller. ‘I guess mother wouldn’t go—for you,’she smiled. ‘And she ain’t much bent on going, anyway. She don’t like to ride round in the afternoon.’ After which she familiarly proceeded: ‘But did you really mean what you said just now—that you’d like to go up there?’Most earnestly I meant it, Winterbourne declared.A. Identify the author and the work.B. Where are they going to visit？答：答案：Henry James, Daisy Miller, visit an old castle【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[12]In Charles Dickens’work ________, the Utilitarian principle rules over the English education system and destroys young hearts and minds.A Hard timesB Oliver TwistC David CopperfieldD Bleak House答：答案：A【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[13]What is the most famous theme in Henry James's fiction? What distinguishes him from other realist writers such as Mark Twain and W. D. Howells?答：答案：The most famous theme is "the international theme". His novels or short stories of the theme are always set against a larger international background, usually between Europe and America. They center around the conflict of the two cultures, represented by an innocent American and a sophisticated European. James is the founder of phychological realism for his psychoanalytical approach to his characters.【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分[14]Had I as many souls as there be stars.I’d give them all for Mephistophilis!By him I’ll be great emperor of the world,And make a bridge through the moving airTo pass the ocean with a band of men;I’ll join the hills that bing the Africa shoreAnd make that country continent to Spain,And both contributory to my crown;The Emperor shall not live by my leave,Nor any potentate of Germany.Now that I have obtained what I desireI’ll live in speculation of this art.Till Mephistophilis return again.”A. Identify the author and the title of the work from which the passage is taken.B. Based on the passage, write down in one or two sentences the theme of the play.答：答案：Dr. Faustus, Christopher Marlowe, Man's aspiration, bounding achievement【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[15]The following statement ______ is WRONG in describing Transcendentalism.A It absorbed some ideological concerns of American Puritanism and European Romanticism.B It advocates the importance of Individual and Nature.C Trancendentalists believed that there should be an emotional communication between an indiD It emphasizes that man is the measure of all things.答：答案：D【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[16] Briefly introduce Blake’ s Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience.答：答案： Songs of Innocence is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a happy and innocent world, though not without its evils; Songs of Experience paints a different world, a world of misery, disease, war and repression with melancholy tone; The two books hold the similar subject-matter, but the tone, emphasis and conclusion differ.【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[17]The Rivals and _____ are generally regarded as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.A The School for ScandalB The DuennaC Widower’s HousesD The Doctor’s Dilemma答：答案：A【题型：简答】【分数：4分】得分：0分[18]List three works of James Joyce答：答案：Dubliners, Ulysses and Finnegans Wake【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[19]Man is a “victim of forces over which he has no control. ” This is a notion held strongly by ________.A Robert FrostB Theodore DreiserC Henry JamesD Waltman答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[20]Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects of life. Which of the following is not a usual subject of her poetic expression?A religionB life and deathC loveD war答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[21] The 20th -century stream- of- consciousness technique was frequently and skillfully used by ______ to emphasize the reactions and inner musings of the narrator.A HemingwayB FrostC FaulknerD Whitman答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[22]The Advancement of Learning is a great tract on _____.A A. historyB B. literatureC C. policyD D. education答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[23]　6. Which of the following descriptions of Enlightenment Movement is NOT true?A It was a progressive intellectual movement that flourished in France.B　B. It was a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th and 16th centuries.C　C. The purpose was to enlighten the whole world with moderu philosophical and artistic idD　D. The Enlighteners advocate individual education.答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[24]_____ explores the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gives its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era.A Innocents AbroadB The Gilded AgeC Roughing ItD The Middle Years答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[25] Of all the eighteenth - century novelists ______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A Henry FieldingB Daniel DefoeC Jonathan SwiftD Laurence Sterne答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[26]The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one -eighth of it being above water. ” This “iceberg” analogy about prose style was put forward by ________.A William FaulknerB F·Scott FitzgeraldC Henry JamesD Ernest Hemingway答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[27]. “‘Damn the fool! There he is’, cried Heathcliff, sinking back into his seat, ‘Hush, mydarling! Hush, hush, Catherine! I’ll stay. If he shot me so, I’d expire with a blessing in my lips.’” The novel from which the passage is taken is _______.<A Jane Austen’s Pride and PrejudiceB Charles Dickens’s The Old Curiosity ShopC Samuel Richardson’s PamelaD Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[28] With the scarlet letter A as the biggest symbol of all, ______ proves himself to be one of the best symbolists.A HawthorneB DreiserC JamesD Faulkner答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[29]In _____, James Joyce intends to present a microcosm of the whole human life by providing an instance of how a single event contains all the events of its kind, and how history is recapitulated in the happenings of one day.A A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young ManB B. DublinersC C. UlyssesD D. Finnegans Wake答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[30]As the representative of the Enlightenment, Pope was one of the first to introduce _____ to England.A rationalismB criticismC romanticismD realism答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[31]In 1847, the Bronte sisters published the following famous novels EXCEPT “______”.A Jane EyreB ShirleyC Wuthering HeightsD The Tenant of Windfall Hall答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[32] Jane Austen’ s practical idealism is that love should be justified by ______ and disciplined by self-control.A reasonB sensibilityC senseD rationality答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[33]Beowulf describes the hero in fighting against the monster Grendel, his revengeful mother and a _____.A tigerB drgonC bearD wolf答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[34]The period of Old English literature refers to ______.A A. from the year of 450 to the year of 1066B B. from 14th to mid-17thC C. from 14th to mid-18thD D. from 16th to mid-18答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[35]One of Shelley’ s greatest political lyrics is ________, which was later to become a rallying song of the British Communist Party.A Men of EnglandB Men of EnglandC Ode to LibertyD Ode to the West Wind答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[36]Joyce’s masterpiece, ______ gives an account of man’s life during one day in Dublin.A DublinersB Finnegans WakeC UlyssesD A Portrait of the Artist答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[37]Of all Herman Melville’s sea adventure stories, ________ proves to be the best.A TypeeB ReburnC Moby – DickD Omoo答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[38]Which writer does not belong to the group of American Romantic writers?A William C. BryantB Henry W. LongfellowC Edgar Allan PoeD Ann Bradstreet答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[39] From the first novel Sister Carrie on, Dreiser set himself to project the American values for what he had found them to be: ______ to the core.A altruisticB politicalC religiousD materialistc答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[40]In Milton’s works, “____” is the greatest, indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since “Beowulf”.A A. Paradise LostB B. Paradise RegainedC C. Samson AgonistesD D. Lycidas答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[41]5. The most perfect example of the verse drama after Greek style in English is Milton’s _____.A paradise RegainedB Paradise LostC Ode to the West WindD Ulysses答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[42]Here is a sentence from an essay, “Read not to contradict and confuse, nor to believe and take for granted, nor to find talk and discourse, but to weight and consider”. The essay must be ______.A Of Studies by Francis BaconB The Advancement of Learning by Francis BaconC Novum Organum by Francis BaconD Essays by Francis Bacon答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[43] Dickens’ s first child hero is ______.A Little NellB David CopperfieldC Oliver TwistD Little Dorrit答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[44]Greatly and permanently affected by the ________ experiences, Hemingway formed his own writing style, together with his theme and hero.A. mining &nbsA miningB farmingC warD sea答：答案：C【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[45]All of the following are stream –of- consciousness novels EXCEPT________.A The Sound and the FuryB UlyssesC Mrs. DallowayD Jude the Obscure答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[46] The great political and social events in the English society of neoclassical period were the following EXCEPT ______.A the Restoration of King Charles II in 1660B the Great Plague of 1665C the Great London Fire in 1666D the Wars of Roses in 1689答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[47]______ by Melville is a novella about a ship whose black slave cargo mutiny holds their captain a terrorized hostage.A A. “Bartleby, the Scrivener”B B. Benito CerenoC C. The Confidence-ManD D. Billy Bud答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[48]_______ is indeed the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.A Paradise LostB Paradise RegainedC Samson AgonistesD The Faerie Queene答：答案：A【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[49] G. B. Shaw’ s play ________ established his position as the leading playwright of his time.A Mrs Warren's professionB HamletC Widowers' HousesD Candida答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[50]Which of the following novels is not written by Henry Fielding?A Jonathan WildB Moll FlandersC Joseph AndrewsD Tom Jones答：答案：B【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[51]Washington Irving was one of the first American writers to earn international fame and was regarded as _____.A father of American dramaB father of American poetryC father of American literatureD father of short stories答：答案：D【题型：单选】【分数：1分】得分：0分[52]George Bernard Shaw’s career as a dramatist began in 1892, when his first play ____ was put on by the Independent Theatre Society.A A. CandidaB B. Widower’s HousesC C. Mrs. Warren’s ProfessionD D. The Apple Cart答：答案：B。

美国大学英美文学专业TOP 10

HarvardUniversity申请截止日期为1月3日，学校不提供单独的文学硕士学位。

国际申请者必须提交GRE和TOEFL成绩。

学校每年都会收到数百名申请者提交的申请材料，而录取新生的比例仅为5～7%。

每一位被录取的新生均能获得至少4年的全额奖学金——除了学费全免外，每年还能获得17500美元左右的日常生活补助。

网址：/University of California—Berkeley申请者必须具有学士学位，本科GPA成绩在3.0以上。

申请者需提供学习纪录、个人陈述、推荐信和考试成绩。

校方还很重视申请者的研究兴趣与教授研究兴趣之间的吻合度，并考虑申请者的背景和生活经历是否对今后的学习和研究有利。

除了GRE、TOEFL等标准化考试的绝对分数外，校方还看重GRE成绩(特别是GRE General考试中语文部分)的相对比例，因此要求申请者能在12月之前参加完所有的考试。

该校申请截止日期为1月5日，国际学生需交纳80美元的申请费。

网址：/YaleUniversity该校通常重点考查申请者的GPA成绩、GRE成绩、研究经验和与本校研究领域的契合程度。

近年来大多数被录取的新生平均GRE成绩都在700分以上(特别是语文部分)，TOEFL平均成绩为623分。

申请者应至少拥有学士学位，本科GPA在3.0以上、研究生GPA 在3.5以上。

申请TA奖学金的申请人必须提供TSE 考试成绩，该成绩不得低于50分(满分60分)。

该校的申请截止日期为1月15日，国际学生申请费为 60美元。

网址：/PrincetonUniversity该校每年录取大约10～12名新生。

在录取过程中，教授们主要注重评价申请者的英美文学专业背景。

具体的衡量指标有：本科GPA成绩、GRE成绩等。

此外，学校非常重视申请者的文学研究经验，包括本科毕业论文和课堂内外参与的研究项目或研究经历。

当然，申请时提交的Essay和推荐信也是重要的评估文件。

普林斯顿大学提供了在线申请的网址和PDF格式的表格供申请者下载，但学校已经不通过邮寄方式向申请者寄送纸质表格。

《英美文学教案》

《英美文学教案》第一章：英国文学概述1.1 英国文学的历史背景介绍英国文学的发展历程，包括中世纪、文艺复兴、启蒙时期、维多利亚时期等主要阶段。

强调英国文学在全球文学中的重要地位和影响力。

1.2 英国文学的重要作家和作品介绍几位具有代表性的英国作家，如莎士比亚、简·奥斯汀、查尔斯·狄更斯等。

分析他们的代表作品，如《哈姆雷特》、《傲慢与偏见》、《双城记》等。

1.3 英国文学的特点和风格探讨英国文学的特点，如现实主义、浪漫主义、象征主义等。

分析英国作家的写作风格，如细腻的描写、丰富的心理描写、幽默与讽刺等。

第二章：美国文学概述2.1 美国文学的历史背景介绍美国文学的发展历程，包括殖民时期、浪漫主义时期、现实主义时期等主要阶段。

强调美国文学在全球文学中的重要地位和影响力。

2.2 美国文学的重要作家和作品介绍几位具有代表性的美国作家，如马克·吐温、欧内斯特·海明威、弗朗茨·卡夫卡等。

分析他们的代表作品，如《汤姆·索亚历险记》、《老人与海》、《美国》等。

2.3 美国文学的特点和风格探讨美国文学的特点，如多元文化、创新性、社会批判等。

分析美国作家的写作风格，如直接叙述、对话丰富、寓言与象征等。

第三章：文学作品的主题与形式3.1 文学作品的主题介绍文学作品的主题概念，包括情节、人物、背景等。

分析文学作品主题的多样性，如爱情、友情、权力、成长等。

3.2 文学作品的形式介绍文学作品的常见形式，如小说、诗歌、戏剧、散文等。

探讨不同形式对文学作品表达效果的影响。

3.3 文学作品的象征与隐喻解释象征与隐喻的概念，其在文学作品中的应用。

分析象征与隐喻对文学作品深层意义的贡献。

第四章：文学作品的分析方法4.1 文本分析法介绍文本分析法的基本概念和步骤。

强调文本分析法对文学作品主题、形式、语言等方面的深入探究。

4.2 历史文化分析法介绍历史文化分析法的基本概念和步骤。

英美文学重点知识归纳

英美文学重点知识归纳一、英美文学的概念和特点英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品，包括小说、诗歌、剧本等。

它具有以下几个特点：1.多元化：英美文学以其丰富多样的风格和流派而闻名。

从古典主义到浪漫主义，从现代主义到后现代主义，英美文学不断演变和发展，展示了人类思想和情感的多样性。

2.自由和开放性：英美文学强调个体的自由和独立思考，在作品中反映了社会、政治和文化的变革。

自由主义和个人主义的精神贯穿在英美文学的历史中。

3.注重个人感受和情感表达：英美文学注重个人感受和情感表达，通过描写人物内心的矛盾和困惑，展示了人性的复杂和多样性。

二、英美文学的重要时期和代表作品1. 文艺复兴时期（16世纪）文艺复兴时期是英美文学的重要里程碑，代表作品有：•威廉·莎士比亚的剧作《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等，深刻地反映了人性的复杂性和命运的无常。

•约翰·米尔顿的史诗《失乐园》，通过对上帝、撒旦和亚当夏娃的描写，揭示了人类的原罪和思想的自由。

2. 浪漫主义时期（18世纪末至19世纪初）浪漫主义时期是英美文学的重要发展阶段，代表作品有：•威廉·华兹华斯的诗集《抒情诗选集》，强调对自然和个人感受的表达，展现了对自由和灵魂的渴望。

•简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》，通过对社会等级和女性地位的描写，呈现了封建社会的弊端。

3. 现代主义时期（20世纪初至中期）现代主义时期是英美文学的革命性时期，代表作品有：•弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说《至灵之泉》，以流动的意识流体式叙述，探索了心灵的迷茫和现代社会的困惑。

•T·S·艾略特的诗集《荒原》，通过对现代社会的批判和对个体灵魂的探索，反映了人类在现代社会中的孤独和迷失。

三、英美文学的重要作家和代表作1. 威廉·莎士比亚（1564-1616）威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的剧作家之一，代表作品有：•《哈姆雷特》：探讨了人性的矛盾和命运的无常，是世界戏剧史上最重要的作品之一。

英语专业学生必读英美文学经典10本

【英语原版下载】Alice's Adventures in Wonderland [爱丽丝漫游奇境]2013-04-19 18:41:29内容简介······《爱丽丝梦游仙境》（又名爱丽丝漫游奇境；英语：Alice's Adventures in Wonderland）是英国作家查尔斯·路德维希·道奇森以笔名路易斯·卡罗尔于1865年出版的儿童文学作品。

故事叙述一个名叫爱丽丝的女孩从兔子洞进入一处神奇国度，遇到许多会讲话的生物以及像人一般活动的纸牌，最后发现原来是一......下载地址：/thread-14682-1-1.html【英语原版下载】David Copperfield [大卫·科波菲尔]2013-04-19 18:33:45内容简介······《大卫·科波菲尔》是19世纪英国批判现实主义大师狄更斯的一部代表作。

在这部具有强烈的自传色彩的小说里，狄更斯借用“小大卫自身的历史和经验”，从不少方面回顾和总结了自己的生活道路，反映了他的人生哲学和道德理想。

《大卫·科波菲尔》通过主人公大卫一生的悲欢离合，多层次地揭示了当......下载地址：/thread-14681-1-1.html【英语原版下载】Rebecca [蝴蝶梦]2013-04-19 18:29:21内容简介······本书是英国著名女作家达夫妮·杜穆里埃的成名作。

“我”与丧偶后萎靡不振的德温特先生一见钟情。

但随她住进著名的曼陀里庄园后，却发现时时处在德温特已故的前妻吕蓓卡的阴影笼罩之下。

一个偶然的机会，“我”发现了吕蓓卡真正的死因，于是面临情与法的选择。

不久，一场神秘的大火将曼陀里化为灰......下载地址：/thread-14680-1-1.html【英语原版下载】A Passage To India [印度之行]2013-04-19 18:25:58内容简介······《印度之行》是英国著名作家福斯特的代表作。

英美文学经典作品

英美文学经典作品英美文学经典作品横评英美文学历来被誉为世界文学的瑰宝，包括了许多经典作品，这些作品以其深刻的思想，优美的语言，和扣人心弦的情节吸引着读者。

下面将对几部代表性的英美文学经典作品进行横评，以期能为读者提供更全面的了解和欣赏。

《呼啸山庄》《呼啸山庄》是英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作品，也是英国文学史上的一部杰出作品。

小说讲述了在英格兰约克郡呼啸山庄中发生的一系列悲剧故事，涉及到复仇、爱情、家族关系等多个主题。

作者通过对人性的深刻探讨，展现了人性的复杂和多面性，让读者在阅读中深深地陷入其中。

《麦田里的守望者》《麦田里的守望者》是美国作家杰罗姆·大卫·塞林格的代表作品，也是20世纪最重要的文学作品之一。

小说通过描写主人公霍尔顿·考菲尔德少年时期的遭遇来探讨成长与自我认知的话题，带给读者对青少年心灵的深刻思考。

作品语言简洁明了，情节跌宕起伏，引人入胜。

《傲慢与偏见》《傲慢与偏见》是英国女作家简·奥斯汀的代表作品，也是世界文学史上不可或缺的经典之一。

小说以19世纪英国乡绅社会为背景，主要讲述了伊丽莎白·班内特与达西绅士之间的爱情故事。

作者巧妙地绘制了一个个鲜活的人物形象，反映了当时英国社会的人文风貌和道德观念。

《老人与海》《老人与海》是美国作家欧内斯特·海明威的杰作，被认为是20世纪最重要的文学作品之一。

小说通过老渔夫桑地哥在大海中与巨大马林鱼搏斗的故事，探讨了人与自然、人与命运之间的关系。

作品语言朴实无华，情感真挚深沉，给人以力量和激励。

总论：英美文学经典作品无论从内容还是形式上都具有独特的魅力，这些作品在世界文学史上占据着重要的地位。

通过对这些作品的深入研究和品味，我们能更好地理解人类的精神追求和生命意义，感受到文学之美带来的震撼和启迪。

愿我们在阅读中感悟传统文化的力量，感受到思想的重量，启发心灵的智慧。

愿我们永远珍视和传承这份珍贵的文学遗产，让经典作品永放光芒，永流传不朽。

美国文学阅读10篇

美国文学阅读10篇1. 《老人与海》 - 埃内斯特·海明威这是一部获得普利策文学奖的小说，讲述了老渔夫桑提亚哥与一条巨大的马林鱼搏斗的故事。

作者通过富有象征意义的描写，讲述了忍耐、坚持和信念的重要性。

2. 《百年孤独》 - 加夫列尔·加西亚·马尔克斯这部拉丁美洲文学的经典之作讲述了布昂迪亚家族七代人的传奇故事。

马尔克斯以幻想现实主义的手法讲述了爱、孤独、荒诞与时间的主题。

3. 《傲慢与偏见》 - 简·奥斯汀这是一部英国文学的经典作品，描写了19世纪英国社会中，女性婚姻观念和阶级之间的矛盾。

小说以幽默的方式揭示了社会偏见和对真爱的追求。

4. 《麦田里的守望者》 - J.D.塞林格这是一部美国文学中的经典之作，讲述了一个反叛的青少年霍尔顿的故事。

小说通过霍尔顿的视角，反映了社会的虚伪和人生的失落感。

5. 《南方文化发根史》 - 马克·吐温这是一部描写南方美国社会的讽刺小说，以幽默的方式展现了种族关系和社会等待的问题。

吐温通过生动的人物和细腻的描写，对当时的美国社会产生了有力的批判。

6. 《了不起的盖茨比》 - F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德这是一部描写20世纪美国社会的巨著，展现了财富和爱情之间的冲突。

小说通过瑞奇·盖茨比的命运，揭示了金钱与社会地位对个人幸福的影响。

7. 《人性的枷锁》 - 威廉·福克纳这是一部描写南方美国社会的小说，以复杂的叙事结构展现了不同角色之间的人性和命运的交织。

福克纳通过深入的心理描写和对种族关系的探索，呈现了南方美国的独特氛围。

8. 《杀死一只知更鸟》 - 哈珀·李这是一部社会批判性小说，以一个小女孩的视角揭示了种族歧视和社会不公。

通过描写南方小镇的故事，作者让读者思考正义、道德和成长的重要性。

9. 《娱乐至死》 - 尼尔·波兹曼这是一本文化批评著作，探讨了媒体对现代社会的影响。

英美文学名词解释最全版

01. Humanism(人文主义)1>Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.2> it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.02. Renaissance(文艺复兴)1>The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”, it meant the reintroduction into western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and reformation.3> the real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with William Shakespeare being the leading dramatist.03. Metaphysical poetry(玄学派诗歌)1>Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.2>with a rebellious spirit, the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassical periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.4>the imagery is drawn from actual life.04. Classicism(古典主义)Classicism refers to a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes.05. Enlightenment(启蒙运动)1>Enlightenment movement was a progressive philosophical and artistic movement which flourished in France and swept through western Europe in the 18th century.2> the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance from 14th century to the mid-17th century.3>its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.4>it celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education.5>famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like Alexander pope. Jonathan Swift. etc.06.Neoclassicism(新古典主义)1>In the field of literature, the enlightenment movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works.2>this tendency is known as neoclassicism. The Neoclassicists held that forms of literature were to be modeled after the classical works of the ancient Greek and Roman writers such as Homer and Virgil and those of the contemporary French ones.3> they believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity.07. The Graveyard School(墓地派诗歌)1>The Graveyard School refers to a school of poets of the 18th century whose poems are mostly devoted to a sentimental lamentation or meditation on life. Past and present ,with death and graveyard as themes.2>Thomas Gray is considered to be the leading figure of this school and his Elegy written in a country churchyard is its most representative work.08. Romanticism(浪漫主义)1>In the mid-18th century, a new literary movement called romanticism came to Europe and then to England.2>It was characterized by a strong protest against the bondage of neoclassicism, which emphasized reason, order and elegant wit. Instead, romanticism gave primary concern to passion, emotion, and natural beauty.3>In the history of literature. Romanticism is generally regarded as the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and experience. 4> The English romantic period is an age of poetry which prevailed in England from 1798 to 1837. The major romantic poets include Wordsworth, Byron and Shelley.09. Byronic Hero(拜伦式英雄)1>Byronic hero refers to a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin.2> with immense superiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic Hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society. And would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies.3> Byron’s chief contribution to English literature is his creation of the “Byronic Hero”10. Critical Realism(批判现实主义)1>Critical Realism is a term applied to the realistic fiction in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.2> It means the tendency of writers and intellectuals in the period between 1875 and 1920 to apply the methods of realistic fiction to the criticism of society and the examination of social issues.3> Realist writers were all concerned about the fate of the common people and described what was faithful to reality.4> Charles Dickens is the most important critical realist.11. Aestheticism（美学主义）1>The basic theory of the Aesthetic movement--- “art for art’s sake” was set forth by a French poet, Theophile Gautier, the first Englishman who wrote about the theory of aestheticism was Walter Pater.2> aestheticism places art above life, and holds that life should imitate art, not art imitate life.3> According to the aesthetes, all artistic creation is absolutely subjective as opposed to objective. Art should be free from any influence of egoism. Only when art is for art’s sake, can it be immortal. They believed that art should be unconcerned with controversial issues, such as politics and morality, and that it should be restricted to contributing beauty in a highly polished style.4> This is one of the reactions against the materialism and commercialism of the Victorian industrial era, as well as a reaction against the Victorian convention of art for morality’s sake, or art for money’s sake.美学运动的基本原则”为艺术而艺术”最初由法国诗人西奥费尔.高缔尔提出,英国运用该美学理论的第一人是沃尔特.佩特.美学主义崇尚艺术高于生活,认为生活应模仿艺术,而不是艺术模仿生活.在美学主义看来,所有的艺术创作都是绝对主观而非客观的产物.艺术不应受任何功利的影响,只有当艺术为艺术而创作时,艺术才能成为不朽之作.他们还认为艺术不应只关注一些热点话题如政治和道德问题,艺术应着力于以华丽的风格张扬美.这是对维多利亚工业发展时期物质崇拜的一种回应,也是向艺术为道德或为金钱而服务的维多利亚传统的挑战.12.The Victorian period(维多利亚时期)1>In this period, the novel became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought. While sticking to the principle of faithful representation of the 18th century realist novel, novelists in this period carried their duty forward to criticism of the society and the defense of the mass.2> although writing from different points of view and with different techniques, they shared one thing in common, that is, they were all concerned about the fate of the common people. They were angry with the inhuman social institutions, the decaying social morality as represented by the money-worship and Utilitarianism, and the widespread misery, poverty and injustice.3>their truthful picture of people’s life and bitter and strong criticism of the society had done much in awakening the public consciousness to the social problems and in the actual improvement of the society.4> Charles Dickens is the leading figure of the Victorian period.13. Modernism(现代主义)1>Modernism is comprehensive but vague term for a movement , which begin in the late 19th century and which has had a wide influence internationally during much of the 20th century.2> modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical case.3> the term pertains to all the creative arts. Especially poetry, fiction, drama, painting, music and architecture.4> in England from early in the 20th century and during the 1920s and 1930s, in America from shortly before the first world war and on during the inter-war period, modernist tendencies were at their most active and fruitful.5>as far as literature is concerned, Modernism reveals a breaking away from established rules, traditions and conventions. fresh ways of looki ng at man’s position and function in the universe and many experiments in form and style. It is particularly concerned with language and how to use it and with writing itself.14. Stream of consciousness(意识流)(or interior monologue)In literary criticism, Stream of consciousness denotes a literary technique which seeks to describe an individual’s point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character’s thought processes. Stream of consciousness writing is strongly associated with the modernist movement. Its introduction in the literary context, transferred from psychology, is attributed to May Sinclair. Stream of consciousness writing is usually regarded as a special form of interior monologue and is characterized by associative leaps in syntax and punctuation that can make the prose difficult to follow, tracing as they do a character’s fragmentary thoughts and sensory feelings. Famous writers to employ this technique in the English language include James Joyce and William Faulkner.学术界认为意识流是一种通过直接描述人物思维过程来寻求个人视角的文学写作技巧。

英语专业必读英美文学经典作品20本

[古典名著]英语专业必读英美文学经典作品20本（含下载）外语专业学生推荐：英语专业学生必读书目20本，包括英国文学经典著作10本+美国文学经典著作10本。

American Literature1、The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Howthorne 《红字》霍桑著【PDF格式下载】小说惯用象征手法，人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩，在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。

因此，它不仅是美利坚合众国浪漫主义小说的代表作，同时也被称作是美利坚合众国心理分析小说的开创篇。

2、The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain 《哈克贝利.芬历险记》马克.吐温著【PDF+EXE格式下载】简称《赫克》是美国文学中的珍品,也是美国文化中的珍品。

十六年前【1984】,美国文坛为《赫克》出版一百周年举行了广泛的庆祝活动和学术讨论,也出版了一些研究马克吐温,特别是他的《赫克》的专著。

专门为一位大作家的一本名著而举行如此广泛的纪念和专门的研究,这在世界文坛上也是少有的盛事。

这是因为《赫克》的意义不一般. 美国著名作家海明威说, "一切现代美国文学来自一本书, 即马克吐温的《赫克尔贝里芬历险记》……这是我们所有书中最好的。

一切美国文学都来自这本书,在它之前,或在它之后,都不曾有过能与之媲美的作品。

3、The Portrait of a Lady by Henry James 《贵妇画像》亨利.詹姆斯著【EXE+PDF格式下载】美国小说家亨利·詹姆斯的《贵妇画像》自问世以来一直受到文学评论界的关注，专家学者已从各个不同角度对女主人伊莎贝尔·阿切尔作了深入细致的研究。

本文试图从一个全新的视角，即跨文化交际角度，剖析伊莎贝尔在婚姻方面所作的选择。

文章指出她是该小说中跨文化交际的最大失败者，并对其失败原因作了分析。

希望在跨文化交际日益频繁的今天我们都能从伊莎贝尔的生活经历中得到某种启发。

英美文学欣赏最新版教学课件英国文学Unit 10 James Joyce

英美文学欣赏（第四版）
Quotations
You made me confess the fears that I have. But I will tell you also what I donot fear. I do not fear to be alone or to be spurned for another or to leave whatever I have to leave. And I am not afraid to make a mistake, even a great mistake, a lifelong mistake and perhaps as long as eternity too.
（注解：少女的形象永恒地进入了他的灵魂，她的眼睛已经向他发出了召唤，他的灵魂听到这召唤时禁不住欣喜若狂。）
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
To live, to err, to fall, to triumph, to recreate life out of life! “去生活，去犯错，去堕落，去胜利，从生活中创造生活！”
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
小说共五章，每章标志着主人公精神上成长的一个阶段。小说第1 章从描写保育室里的婴儿斯蒂芬“萌芽状态”的咿呀学语开始。第2章写斯蒂芬上学的日子。第3章集中描写了斯蒂芬少年时代学校所举行的一次为期三天的宗教静修。第4章主要写斯蒂芬拒绝神父职位。第5章描写斯蒂芬对语言的关注。在整部小说中，斯蒂芬面临的压力一直是 “道歉、悔改、屈服、顺从、忏悔”。在小说结尾处，斯蒂芬对他的朋友做了一番非宗教的坦白。
英美文学欣赏（第四版）
An Appreciation of English Literature
Unit 10 James Joyce