2015年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷

2015年上海市徐汇区高考英语一模试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
I、单选题(本大题共10小题，共10.0分)
1.-You are supposed to graduate soon，aren't you？
-Yes，in a short while，I'll be free _____ all my worries．（）
A.with
B.of
C.about
D.at
【答案】
B
【解析】
答案B．
分析句子结构，"be free of…"为固定搭配，意为"摆脱…了，无…的"，根据句意"我不久后就要毕业了"可知，我（在学习上）就没有什么烦恼了，因此B项符合语境，其它选项均不符合，故选B．
句意：---你应该很快就毕业了，不是吗？
---是的，不久，我就会摆脱我所有的烦恼了．
本题考查介词辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，然后根据上下文语境锁定合适的介词．特别要注意一些短语的固定搭配．平时学习中要加强介词短语的积累．
2._____ rapid spread of railways and the increase in ocean transport that made long-distance t ravelling more common．（）
A.Since the
B.It was that
C.It was the
D.There was the
【答案】
C
【解析】
答案：C
句中有that，试图把that去掉之后，句子为：The
rapid spread of railways and the increase in ocean transport made long-distance travelling mo re common．句子结构和意义都完整，由此可知，本句是强调句型结构：It is/was…that…，所以本题选择C．
句意为：是铁路的快速延伸以及海洋运输的增加使得长途旅行变得更加普遍的．
判断句型是否是强调句型，去掉其中的I t is/was…that…结构，句子结构和意义还完整，就可以推出此句型是强调结构．
3.Evidence came up ______ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old．（）
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.whose
【答案】
C
【解析】
答案：C
根据句意及分析句子结构可以看出specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6months old．作evidence的同位语，在从句中不缺任何成分，也没有任何疑问，所以用that引导同位语从句．
句意为：证据表明，特殊的声音可以被六个月大的婴儿认出来．
解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构，知道引导词的使用习惯．通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分，来选择正确的引导词．
4._____ with the size of the whole universe，
even the biggest star we can observe doesn't seem big at all．（）
A.When compared
pare
C.While comparing
paring
【答案】
A
【解析】
答案A．分析句子结构可知，逗号之后是主句，之后是非谓语动词形式．主句主语"star"与所给动词"comare"构成逻辑上的被动关系因此应该用过去分词，排除B、C和D项．句中"When compared"是一个省略结构，完整结构为"When the biggest star is compared with the size of the whole universe"，在句中作时间状语，因此A项符合语境，故选A．
句意：当和整个宇宙（被）比较时，我们能观察到的最大恒星似乎根本也没那么大．本题考查现在分词作状语．做这类题目首先根据句意判断是谓语还是非谓语，如果是分词做状语的时候，看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式．不定式表示动作未发生作目的状语．
5.Peter，your hair wants _____．You'd better have it done right now．（）
A.cut
B.to cut
C.cutting
D.being cut
【答案】
C
【解析】
答案：C 主语hair和cut是被动关系，谓语动词是want，此时用want doing，用主动形式表示被动的含义，相当于want to be done．所以本题选择C．
句意为：Peter，你的头发需要理了．你最好现在就去理发．
要掌握一些动词的特殊用法，类似的词还有require need等，加doing也是表被动，相当于require/need to be done．
6._____ out of money，we had to pick a cheap hotel for the night．（）
A.To almost run
B.Have almost run
C.Had almost run
D.Having almost run
【答案】
D
【解析】
答案D．分析句子结构可知，逗号之后是主句，逗号之前应是非谓语动词形式，主句主语"we"与所给动词"run out of"构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此应该用现在分词，从而排除A、B和C项．这里用现在分词的完成式"Having run of"表示"用光钱"这个动作先于"选择便宜宾馆"发生，因此D项符合语境，故选D．
句意：由于钱差不多快用光了，我们只好选一家便宜的宾馆过夜．
本题考查现在分词作状语．做这类题目首先根据句意判断是谓语还是非谓语，如果是分词做状语的时候，看动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词的形式；如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式．不定式表示动作未发生作目的状语．
7.Environmental concerns that worry many never seem _____ any effect on William，
who is always optimistic about the future．（）
A.having
B.to have
C.to have had
D.had
【答案】
B
【解析】
答案：B 用排除法解答本题．因为seem to do sth．为固定搭配，所以排除A、D两项．因为本题是一般现在时态，所以此处应该用不定式的一般式，而不能用不定式的完成时．又排除C项．故选B．
句意：令很多人担忧的环境问题好像从来对William没有影响，他总是对未来很乐观．考查不定式作表语．主要区分不定式的一般式和完成式的用法．此题是seem的固定用法．
8.In the time of the week，_____ he spent in the mountain，he saw many rare birds．（）
A.that
B.when
C.what
D.which
【答案】
D
【解析】
答案：D 本题易误选B，分析句子成分，可以知道，先行词是"the time of the week"，非限制性定语从句中，spent是谓语动词，该词是及物动词，所以从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词，而在非限制性定语从句中表示物的关系代词只能用which，故本题选择D．句意为：在那一周的时间里，他看到很多稀有的鸟，他是山上度过那一周的．
分析非限制性定语从句时，一定要分析好谓语动词是否缺少宾语，考生往往看到时间会用when，看到地点会用where，其实有些动词的宾语可以是时间或者地点，比如spend，visit等．
9.The man coming back from Africa has been isolated _____ we know that he hasn't caught t he deadly disease，Ebola．（）
A.when
B.since
C.unless
D.until
【答案】
D
【解析】
答案：D
when 当…时；since自从，既然，unless除非，until 直到…until肯定句中，表示句子的动作一直持续到until后面所表示的时间为止，在这种用法中，句子谓语必须是持续动词或持续状态，until用于否定句中，表示句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生．"被隔离"可以是一个持续的状态，所以本题选择D．
句意为：那个从非洲回来的人已经被隔离，直到我们确认他没有感染致命的埃博拉病毒．要了解until用于肯定句和否定句中的区别，用在肯定句中，句子的谓语必须是可延续性的．not…until"直到…才"表示直到某一时间，某一行为才发生，之前该行为并没有发生．用在否定句中，主句中的谓语一般用短暂性动词．
10.The greater the population there is in a region，_____ for water，
food and transportation．（）
A.the greater the need
B.there is greater need
C.is the greater need
D.the great need
【答案】
A
【解析】
答案：A
本句考查形容词比较级的特殊句型：the+形容词比较级…+the+比较级，意思是"越…就越…"．在本句空格后面其实省略了"there is"．所以选择A．
句意为：一个地区的人口越多，它的需要水、食物、运输的量就越大．
在形容词的比较级使用中除了表示比较，还有其他特殊的用法，比如：1．"比较级+and+比较级"或"more and more+原级"表示"越来越…".2．"the+比较级…，the+比较级"，表示"越…越…".3．表示倍数的比较级用法．考生需要理解所给句型的含义，作出正确选择．
II、信息匹配(本大题共10小题，共10.0分)
"A DVD retails for $10 or more．Out of that，we writers（18）______ current）get 4or
5cents．We're asking to get 8cents per DVD．The producers and others say we're asking for too much．"That is television writer Saul Bloom's（19）______ （argue）as to why the Writers Guild of America is going on strike tomorrow．
The strike by TV and movie writers will greatly（20）______ （effective）TV and movie production．The last such strike，in 1988，cost the industry half a billion dollars．That strike lasted five months．Such a strike affects everyone in the business，from TV and movie industry executives all the way down to the people selling popcorn at local movie theaters．It is estimated that this one would be（21）______ （bad）than the last．
All movies presently in production that require the skills of active writers will halt production．TV networks will（22）______ （substitution）new game shows and"reality"shows that don't require professional writers．In addition，of course，there will be plenty of reruns．TV viewers in search of fresh programs might have to switch to cable TV or rent DVDs．A recent nationwide poll indicates that the general public strongly supports the writers，who are thought to be underpaid and（23）______ （appreciate）．
"Writers are too（24）______ （demand），"complained Reese Majors，vice president of CEC Entertainment，a production company with seven shows airing weekly on network TV．"They think they are so（25）______ （speciality）．All they do is type a bunch of words onto a piece of paper．My six-year-old can do that．They claim that writing is work．But how can it be work when it is done in the comfort of their homes？Ho w can you call sitting at home‘work'？The（26）______ （act）and the crew have to go on location，where they must battle the cold，the heat，the jet lag，and the（27）______ （lonely）of being away from home．No home cooking for them-they have to eat catered meals．But you don't hear them complaining for four more cents per DVD!"
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
【答案】
【小题1】currently 【小题2】
argument
【小题3】
affect
【小题4】
worse
【小题5】
substitute
【小题6】【小题7】【小题8】【小题9】【小题10】
unappreciated demanding special actors loneliness
【解析】
答案：
18．currently 此处在句中作时间状语，所以应使用它的副词形式；意为：目前，我们编剧们从中得到4美分或5美分；故填currently
19．argument 此处用于 Saul Bloom's（名词的所有格）之后，所以应使用argue的名词形式；意为：那就是电视撰稿人Saul Bloom的关于美国作家协会明天为什么要罢工的理由，故填argument
20．affect 此处用于副词greatly之后，在句中与助动词will一起作谓语，因此应填effective的动词原形；本句意为：由电视与电影编剧们组织的罢工将极大地影响到电视电影的产量；故填affect
21．worse 根据句中的than可知，此处应使用bad的比较级，意为：据估计这一次罢工将比上一次更糟；故填worse
22．substitute 此处用于助动词will之后，名词短语 new game shows 之前，所以应使用动词原形，本句意为：电视台将取代新的游戏节目；故填substitute 23．unappreciated 根据句意可知，此处的意思是：普通大众强烈支持被认为是低收入和不被赏识的这些编剧们．由于空缺处与and之前的形容词underpaid是并列关系，故此处应填unappreciated
24．demanding 此处用于副词too之后，故应使用demand的形容词形式demanding（苛求的；要求高的）；意为：编剧们要求太高．故填demanding
25．special 此处用于副词so之后，故应使用speciality的形容词形式special（特殊的；重要的）；意为：他们认为他们是那么重要；故填special
26．actors 根据and之后的the crew （全体工作人员），因此可推断and之前也应指人即演员们；故填actors
27．loneliness 根据空缺处前后的提示（之前是用在名词前面的定冠词the，之后为定语的标志of短语）可知，此处应填lonely的名词形式loneliness（孤独，寂寞）
本文主要讲述的是电视及电影编剧们为争取每一张DVD再多增加几美分的报酬而进行了罢工，此次罢工比1988年的罢工造成的后果更糟，它致使目前所有的需要活跃编剧们的创作技巧而进行制作的电影将停工；电视网络将取代新的游戏节目以及不需要编剧的真人秀；搜索新鲜节目的观众可能不得不切换到有线电视或是租赁DVD等．但最近的一次全国性的民意调查表明：普通大众强烈支持被认为是低收入和不被赏识的这些编剧们．CEC娱乐公司副总裁 Reese Majors却抱怨编剧们要求太高，认为他们所做的只不过是在一张纸上打一堆单词，他们可以舒舒服服地在家里创作，远比不上演员以及其他工作人员辛苦，却还要每张DVD多增加4美分的报酬．
本题考查的是用所给词的正确形式填空．做本题时，首先应通读全文，理解文章的大意；其次应了解每一题的考查点，然后结合句意并根据语法常识判断出每题的答案．另外，本题考到的语法知识有：副词用作状语；名词的所有格；形容词的比较级；词类转换等；因此在平时的学习中，应牢固掌握所学过的语法知识．
III、完形填空(本大题共10小题，共10.0分)
A food called"nutraloaf"has been used for many years in US prisons．But prisoners claim that it tastes so bad that the food is actually ( 21 ) ．They say that prison officials must（29
______ the prisoner with some type of disobedience ( 22 ) they can punish him by making him eat nutraloaf．At least one prisoner has filed a lawsuit ( 23 ) the use of nutraloaf．Prison officials say the prisoners are overreacting．They say that nutraloaf is a nutritious food．"It's just like fruitcake，"said one warden（典狱长）．Nutraloaf is a mixture of bread，cheese，
raw and cooked vegetables，beans，and other ( 24 ) which may vary from season to season and prison to prison．
Prison officials say that using nutraloaf，a"hand"food，increases prison ( 25 ) ，because prisoners don't have utensils or plates to throw at or use against guards or other prisoners．Officials ( 26 ) distribute nutraloaf for days at a time when one or more prisoners act unruly．
"What are they ( 27 ) about？I wish I could have had nutraloaf when I was growing up，"said Bob Hope，a prison warden in Arkansas．"It tastes a lot ( 28 ) than the grits and corn bread I ate every day．These guys have a lot of nerve to complain．I've eaten it myself many times-I just pop it into the microwave for a minute，spread a little butter on it，and enjoy．What's their beef？Prisoners are just a bunch of whiners（悲嗥者）．If they want five-star prison ( 29 ) ，they should commit their crimes in France．"
21.A.entertainment B.punishment C.implement pliment
22.A.charge B.challenge C.oblige D.oppress
23.A.until B.after C.unless D.before
24.A.against B.for C.by D.from
25.A.chemicals B.ingredients C.extinguisher D.fertilizer
26.A.safety B.administration C.therapy D.aggressiveness
27.A.officially B.intelligently C.impatiently D.routinely
28.A.talking B.speaking plaining D.moving
29.A.funnier B.worse C.better D.more bitter
30.A.bread B.food C.spirit D.nutrient．
【答案】
【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】A 【小题5】B
【小题6】A 【小题7】D 【小题8】C 【小题9】C 【小题10】B
【解析】
答案：BADABADCCB
28．B 名词词义辨析A．entertainment 娱乐，招待；B．punishment 惩罚；C．implement 工具，手段；D．compliment 维，敬意；根据下一句
"they can punish him by making him eat nutraloaf他们会通过让他吃nutraloaf（烤糊糊）来惩罚他"可知，此处应表示这种食物实际上是一种惩罚；故选B
29．A 动词词义辨析A．charge 控诉；B．challenge 质疑；向…挑战； C．oblige 强制，强迫；D．oppress使烦恼，使意气消沉；据本句中的"with some type of disobedience"可知，此处应选可以与with搭配的动词；charge sb．with sth．意思是指控某人犯有某罪，此处意思是：监狱官员们必须指控犯人不服从某种管理；故选A
30．D 连词词义辨析结合前半句可知，此处用作时间状语，意为：在他们让他吃nutraloaf（烤糊糊）作为惩罚之前；故选D
31．A 介词词义辨析根据下一句监狱官员们说犯人们反应过激可知，此处表示有犯人反对食用该食物；故选A
32．B 名词词义辨析A．chemicals 化学药品；B．ingredients （烹调的）原料；C．extinguisher 灭火器；D．fertilizer肥料，化肥；根据本句中的"a mixture of bread，
cheese，raw and cooked vegetables，beans，and other…"可知面包、奶酪、生熟蔬菜、豆子都是一些可食用的原料，因此other之后应填ingredients；故选B
33．A 名词词义辨析A．safety 安全，平安；B．administration管理，实行；C．therapy 治疗，疗效；D．aggressiveness进攻性，侵略性；根据下一句"因为囚犯没有可扔的或者是可用的器具或盘子来袭击警卫人员或其他犯人"可知，由于该食物只用手拿，因此是提高了监狱的安全；故选A
34．D 副词词义辨析A．officially 官方地，依据法规等；B．intelligently 聪明地；C．impatiently 不耐烦地，焦急地；D．routinely 例行公事地，常规地；结合上文并根据本句中的"when one or more prisoners act unruly．当一个或更多的犯人不服从管教时"可知，此处表示狱官们就会常规性地一次分给他们几天的nutraloaf（烤糊糊）；故选D
35．C 动词词义辨析根据下一句阿肯色州的监狱长Bob Hope曾经希望自己长大后能吃到nutraloaf（烤糊糊）可知，此处他说的意思应是：他们有什么可抱怨的？故选C
36．C 形容词词义辨析根据下文提到监狱长Bob Hope后来吃过几次nutraloaf（烤糊糊），并且觉得好吃可知，此处的意思应是：它尝起来要比我每天都吃的玉米面包好吃；故选C
37．B 名词词义辨析结合上文监狱长Bob Hope的话可知，他认为犯人们抱怨该食物是不应该的，最后一句话的意思应是：如果他们想吃五星级监狱的食物，他们应该在法国犯下罪行；故选B
本文主要讲述了在美国监狱里，囚犯们如果有违规行为，作为惩罚，他们只能吃一种专门的食物"Nutraloaf"（烤糊糊，以各种食材捣碎混合而成的食物）；由于吃该种食物，可以不使用餐具，这也极大地提高监狱的安全性；但囚犯们却抱怨它难吃；阿肯色州的监狱长Bob Hope自己吃过几次nutraloaf（烤糊糊），并且觉得它比玉米面包要好吃，他认为囚犯们只是一群悲嗥者，不应对该食物有所抱怨．
做本题时，首先应快速通读全文，了解短文的大意；其次本题主要考查了名词，动词，形容词，副词，连词等的词义辨析，因此应结合文中的大意，选出恰当的单词；这就需要在平时的学习中，在增加阅读量的同时，还需要注意词汇量的积累．
IV、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)
A
It was a rainy morning two years ago．Shirley Huxham was cycling gently downhill．As she waved to a friend，her bike slid uncontrollably on the wet road，throwing her to the ground．"I'd never even thought of buying a helmet，"she says．For months she was partly paralysed（瘫痪的）down her left side and still has health problems today．
Some might think that Shirley was just unlucky．How dangerous can it be to fall from a bicycle？In fact，each year on Britain's roads more than 200people are killed and at least 4，000seriously injured on bicycles．But these numbers don't tell the whole story：the majority of the dead and injured were not wearing helmets．
A study of bicycle accidents in the US found that helmets could reduce the risk of serious head injury by 85percent．Yet it is estimated that in Britain，no more than five percent of bicycle-riders wear helmets．Why don't more cyclists wear them？
People think that helmets look foolish，that they're inconvenient，and that accidents only happen to other people．
One of the wrong ideas bicyclists have is that lower speeds can put them at less risk than motorcyclists，who are legally obliged to wear helmets．In fact，according to a British report，
a higher percentage of bicyclists than motorcyclists suffer head injuries．And their injuries can be just as severe．
Helmets，however，can make a big difference．Shirley wasn't just unlucky．If she had worn
a helmet，she wouldn't have spent months in hospital．Why take the risk？
31.The reason why Shirley got badly injured was that ______ ．
A.She was riding her bicycle downhill too fast．
B.Her friend's waving to her made her lose control．
C.She ignored the importance of wearing a helmet．
D.The ground was barely wet．
32.Which of the following statements is right according to the passage ______ ？
A.Wearing helmets will reduce the risk of being killed by 85%．
B.Nearly 5percent of bicycle-riders wear no helmet in UK．
C.Motorcyclists suffer more head injuries than bicyclists．
D.In UK a motorcyclist's wearing no helmet is against the law．
33.People don't like wearing helmets due to the following reasons except ______ ．
A.Wearing helmets makes them look silly．
B.They don't think wearing a helmet is convenient．
C.Falling off a bicycle only happens to other people．
D.Wearing a helmet is not fashionable at all．
【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】D
【解析】
38．C．推理判断题．根据文章第一段"I'd never even thought of buying a helmet"，我从来没有想过买一个头盔，可推测她重伤的原因是没有戴头盔；故选C．
39．D．细节理解题．根据文章第五段
"One of the wrong ideas bicyclists have is that lower speeds can put them at less risk than mo torcyclists，who are legally obliged to wear helmets"骑自行车的人都还存在着一种错误的想法，自行车较慢的速度会使他们比法律规定必须戴头盔的骑摩托车的人要安全，可知在英国骑摩托车不戴头盔的是违法的；故选D．
39．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段"People think that helmets look foolish，
that they're inconvenient，and that accidents only happen to other people"，人们认为头盔看起来很愚蠢，并且戴头盔他们很不方便，而且他们认为事故只会发生在其他人身上；故选D．
本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了现在大部分人骑自行车不戴头盔的现象，很多人会认为自行车速度比较慢，不带头盔也比较安全，然而调查显示自行车事故中人的头部也极易造成损伤，且伤势不轻，作者旨在提醒读者骑自行车也要注意安全，带好头盔．
考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
B
Many Chinese immigrants began crossing the Pacific to arrive in the United States in the
mid-1800s．By that time，China's population had reached about 430million，and the country was suffering from severe unemployment，poverty，and famine（饥荒）．The 1848discovery
of gold in California began to tempt Chinese immigrants to the United States．Then，in 1850，the Taiping Rebellion broke out in their homeland．This rebellion against the Chinese government took some 20million lives and caused such suffering that thousands of Chinese left for the United States．In the early 1860s，as the Central Pacific Railroad began construction of its portion of the transcontinental railroad，the demand for railroad workers further increased Chinese immigration．
Chinese immigrants mainly settled in western cities，where they often worked as laborers or servants or in skilled trades．Others worked as merchants．Because native-born Americans kept them out of many businesses，some Chinese immigrants opened their own．
Another group of Asians，the Japanese，also immigrated to the United States．Until 1900，however，their numbers remained small．Between 1900and 1908，large numbers of Japanese migrated to the United States as Japan began building both an industrial economy and an empire．Both developments interrupted the economy of Japan and caused hardships for its people，thus stimulating emigration．
Until 1910 Asian immigrants arriving in San Francisco first stopped at a two-story shelter at the wharf （码头）．As many as 500people at a time were often squeezed into this structure，which Chinese immigrants from Canton called muk uk，or"wooden house．"In January 1910，California opened a few barracks on Angel Island to accommodate the Asian immigrants．Most of the immigrants were young males in their teens or twenties，who nervously awaited the results of their immigration hearings in dormitories packed with double or triple tiers of bunks．This unpleasant delay could last for months．On the walls of the detention barracks，the immigrants wrote anonymous poems in pencil or ink．Some even carved their verse into the wood．
34.Which of the following statements is NOT the reason of Chinese immigration to America ______ ？
A.The population explosion led to severe unemployment，poverty，and famine．
B.The discovery of gold in the United States was a great temptation to Chinese immigrants．
C.The great suffering caused by Taiping Rebellion forced many people leave China．
D.The United States needed great man power to complete its railroad construction．
35.When Chinese immigrants got to America，they usually took the following jobs except
______ ？
A.Railroad constructors
B.Family servants
ernmental officials
D.Businessmen
36.The Japanese immigrated to the United States at the beginning of the 1900s because
______ ．
A.the numbers of Japanese immigrants stayed low until 1900
B.the Japanese immigrants to the States wanted to learn more
C.the enormous social changes were taking place in Japan
D.the Japanese immigrants wanted to do more businesses in the new world．
37.What does the underlined word mean ______ ？
A.Foods．
B.Camps．
C.Wharfs．
D.Customs．
【答案】
【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】C 【小题4】B
【解析】
41．答案A 细节考查题．根据文章第一自然段可知华人来美的原因应该是美国对华人的吸引和需求，包括（B/C/D）三种原因，而选项A是指由于中国人口的膨胀而导致国
内的饥荒贫穷失业率高．显然这句话根据文意是错误的，同时也不是华人来美的原因．42．答案C 细节考查题．根据文章中
"they often worked as laborers or servants or in skilled trades．Others worked as merchants"
可知华人的工作为labors，servants and merchat（businessman）．所以答案为C．
43．答案C 细节考查题．根据文中
"large numbers of Japanese migrated to the United States as Japan began building both an ind ustrial economy and an empire．Both developments interrupted the economy of Japan and ca used hardships for its people，thus stimulating emigration"可知由于日本国内建设工业经济，这种国内的变革导致了苦难的民众来美，所以答案选C（social change社会变革）．44．答案B 词义推断题．根据划线单词barracks前后语境
"first stopped at a two-story shelter at the wharf"
"who nervously awaited the results of their immigration hearings in dormitories packed with double or triple tiers of bunks"可知一开始移民住的是a two-story shelter后来是barracks，可知barracks应该是住很多人的地方
结合选项意思可知camps（大本营）是住的地方，故选B．
19世纪中期到很多中国人跨过太平洋来到美国．
当时中国的人口达到4亿3千万，国内遭受了失业率高、贫困和饥荒的威胁．1848年
加利福尼亚发现了金矿开始吸引华人来美；中国国内的太平天国起义也导致了数以千计的人来到美国；19世纪60年代早期更多的华人来到太平洋海岸铁路的修建．
华人主要聚居在美国西海岸，他们大多是劳力、佣人和小手艺人，有的从事了商业，由于当地排华，他们很难在商业圈供职，所以一些华人开自己的店铺谋生．
作为另外一波亚洲人的日本人也向往美利坚．1900以前来美数量很少，在1900年和1908年之间由于日本国内振兴工业帝国，使生活苦难的普通日本人陆续来到美国．
一开始到达旧金山的亚洲移民都居住在码头边两层小屋里，有时一次住500人．在1910年1月加利福尼亚开设了供亚洲移民住的营房，住在里面的大多是20来岁的年轻人，
他们在这个堆满架子床的拥挤宿舍里等待着遗民听证会，无聊的他们在墙上和木头上写了很多匿名诗．
本篇文章主要讲述中国人和日本人由于各种原因在历史上出现的移民美国的现象．细节考查题需要找到题目所在的段落根据前后句意，结合题目的选项注意排除和筛选；词义推断题在理解划线词所在段落的基础上，结合前后语境，得出正确答案．
C
Management Consultant Suzy Welch remembers the moment 14 years ago when her life"imploded（压破）．"She was speaking to an auditorium full of insurance executives in Hawaii when she saw the faces of two of her children，then six and five，pressed against the glass door．She had parked them in a dance class，but they'd fled out to find her．She wrapped up her remarks and canceled the Q&A．"I was trying to please everyone but pleasing no-one，"she says，"I had to rethink the way I made my decisions．"
Author of the bestselling Winning （written with husband Jack Welch，former head of GE），Suzy Welch，49，has a new book，10-10-10，that details the strategy she created after the tremendous decision-making moment．The mother of four explains："When faced with a vital decision，ask yourself，how will my choice affect my life ten minutes from now？Ten months from now？Ten years from now？
"Too often we decide something by avoiding the immediate ouch．But by looking at the middle and longer time frames as well as the short-term，we're accessing our real values．My business trip is an example．Had I applied the strategy to it back then，I would have declined it．I had other work travel coming up．I was needed at home．
"Many people have found‘10-10-10'thrilling．An entrepreneur moved forward with a new business plan but without the girlfriend，who didn't share his goals．A mum of a troubled teen finally got him to a psychologist after putting it off．Often，in our most stressful moments，we make decisions by instinct only．Or we ask a friend for advice．Or we make no decision and suffer for it．We can live much more deliberately by taking control of choices and really understanding them．
"Sure，there's still room for spontaneity（自发的行为）．But when you look at things from three distinct time frames and assess the consequences，never again will you say，‘I have no idea why I made this decision．'"
38.What did Suzy do to her two kids before addressing those executives 14years ago ______ ？
A.She left them in a car in a parking lot．
B.She had a dance class together with the two kids．
C.She fed the kids a lot of food and let them sleep．
D.She just left them in a dance class．
39.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ______ ？
A.Suzy and her husband used to work in GE，and they achieved great success in business．
B.Suzy and her husband had four children．
C.Suzy believed that many people reached a decision by avoiding direct pains．
D.Suzy failed to give up her work travel because she hadn't had her great strategies then．
40.Which of the following is probably one of the strategies in Suzy's book ______ ？
A.When doing business，you should learn to please everyone．
B.Before making a vital decision，you should ask yourself instead of others．
C.When carrying out a new plan，you'd better take your girlfriend．
D.The assessment of consequences plays a vital role in decision-making．
41.Suzy's new book was mainly about ______ ．
A.how to deal with numbers when doing business
B.how to make decisions by following her strategies
C.how to obtain more benefits in business
D.how to make detailed strategies in business．
【答案】
【小题1】A 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】B
【解析】
45．A 细节理解题，根据
She was speaking to an auditorium full of insurance executives in Hawaii when she saw the f aces of two of her children，then six and five，
pressed against the glass door．She had parked them in a dance class，
but they'd fled out to find her．可知她14年前将他们放在停车场的一辆车里，故选A．46．D 细节理解题，根据
My business trip is an example．Had I applied the strategy to it back then，
I would have declined it．I had other work travel coming up．I was needed at home．她的出差是一个例子，如果当初没有好的策略，她会拒绝，说明她当时没有拒绝，因此D错，故选D．
47．B 细节理解题，根据When faced with a vital decision，ask yourself，
how will my choice affect my life ten minutes from now？Ten months from now？
Ten years from now？可知当做一个决定的时候要问自己，而不是问别人，故选B．48．B 细节理解题，根据Suzy Welch，49，has a new book，10-10-10，。