贵州省贵阳市花溪区第二中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析

贵州省贵阳市花溪区第二中学高二英语下学期期末试题含解析
一、选择题
1. Of all the books on the shelf, is of any use for improving our practical skills of survival in the competitive world.
A. nothing
B. no one
C. neither
D. none
参考答案：
D
2. Despite the fact that there was great against women entering men’s profession then, she succeeded as
a manager of a big company.
A. prejudice
B. reputation
C. violence
D. collection
参考答案：
A
考查名词辨析。

句意：尽管那个时候社会对于女性步入男性行业有很大偏见，但她还是成功地成为了一家大公司的经理。

A. prejudice偏见；B. reputation名誉；C. violence暴力；D. collection聚集。

根据语境，故选A。

3. We all enjoyed the smoked meat and were interested in the way ____ it is made.
A. how
B. which
C. when
D. /
参考答案：
D
4. I can’t make ________ of the passage. It’s beyond my ability.
A. judgement
B. understanding
C. idea
D. sense
参考答案：
D
5. Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum (博鳌论坛)because they knew what _____ from the forum.
A. to get
B. to be got
C. got
D. getting
参考答案：
A 解析：英语中,许多动词(如:know ,decide, tell sb., show sb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。

题中knew what to get相当于knew what they would get。

6. It’s a ________ of time trying to persuade him to give up smoking.
A. lack
B. load
C. waste
D. question
参考答案：
C
7. You need to have a good rest _____ you’ve finished the work.
A. as if
B. even though
C. now that
D. so far
参考答案：
C
8. — What is __________ population of your home town?
— I think it has __________ population of at least 2,000,000.
A. a; the
B. the; a
C. the; /
D. /; the
参考答案：
B
9. The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying ________ here.
A. as three times much
B. as much three times
C. much as three times
D. three times as much
参考答案：
D
10. ----- Tom is wise enough to achieve his success.
----- But in my opinion, he is ______ than wise.
A. luckier
B. more lucky
C. much luckier
D. rather lucky
参考答案：
B
11. ____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees..
A. Seen
B. Seeing
C. Having seen
D. to see
参考答案：
A
12. He walked down the hills , and ______ softly to himself.
A.sing
B. sings
C. singing
D. was singing
参考答案：
D
13. I regret that I waited in the queue for a long time to buy the ticket this morning. I ______ it online.
A. could buy
B. must buy
C. could have bought
D. must have bought
参考答案：
C
【详解】考查情态动词。

句意：今天早上我排队等了很长时间才买下这张票，我感到很后悔。

我本来可以在网上买的。

could have done表示过去本来可以有机会选择做某事，但实际上没有那样做，通常译为“本来可以”。

故选C。

【点睛】情态动词+have done是我们要学习的情态动词中重要的一个语法项目，有一点是大家必须记住的，那就是——它一定表示“过去的或已经发生的事情”。

下面带大家逐一总结一下其用法：1、must have done对过去的推测，“一定已经，肯定已经…”；2、c an’t/couldn’t have done对过去的推测，“不可能做过某事”；3、can/could sb. have done...?对过去的推测，“某人可能做过某事吗？”4、may/might have done对过去的推测，“也许已经，可能做过”；5、needn’t have done“不必做但是做了”；6、could have done(不是can)表示“本来可以做而未做”；7、should/ought to have done表示“过去应该做却没有做”，should/ought not to have done表示“过去不该做但做了”；8、would have done表示“本打算做事实上未做”。

分析本题，抓住两点：第一、分析句意可知，此处的推测为对过去事情的推测，故用完成式，排除答案A、B；第二、再分析must have done和could have done的区别，从而选择出正确的答案。

26. Professor Smith, along with his assistants,______ on the project day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work
B. have worked
C. is working
D. are working
参考答案：
C
略
15. The media can often help solve problems and ________ attention to situations ________help is needed. A．take；which B．draw；where C．pay；that D．draw；不填
参考答案：
B
16. Please _______ a picture of your baby to the letter when you write next time.
A．associate B．add
C．attend D．attach
参考答案：
D
【详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

句意：下次写信时，请在信里附上宝宝的照片。

A. associate关联； B. add 增加；C. attend参加；D. attach 附上，贴上。

attach与a picture of your baby（你宝宝的照片）搭配符合句意，故选D项。

17. We live in an age _____ more information is available with great ease than ever before.
A. why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
参考答案：
B
18. Paper money was in ____ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in ____ thirteenth century.
A. the; /
B. the; the
C. /; the
D. /; /
参考答案：
C
二、书面表达
19. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Mary给你写了一封信求助。

她因为最近学习压力大长胖了，时常被同学们嘲笑，并且长胖也影响了她自己的健康，因此她感到非常郁闷。

请根据下列要求用英语给她回一封信。

要点如下：
1.同情她的处境并安慰她，胖或瘦没有统一标准；
2.强调保持健康的重要性；
3.给出保持健康的建议。

注意：1.词数100字左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）
2.可适当增加细节，以使文连贯流畅。

Dear Mary,
I’m so glad to hear from you. but _________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Yours forever,
Li Hua
参考答案：
Dear Mary,
I am so glad to hear from you. but I feel so desperately sorry to learn that you are depressed about some extra weight you have put on recently. To begin with, being fat or slim is merely a matter of personal opinion. With different people holding different views on this subject, there is no agreed standard for an ideal figure. So there is no need for you to worry about. What’s more, it being fit that is the most important for us. Only when you have a healthy body can you live to the fullest. As far as I am concerned, you can do some sports daily by which means you can keep healthy. Most importantly, it is suggested that you should go on a balanced diet at the same time, thus doing good to your health. I hope what I said above can be of great help to you. after all, health is to us what water is to life. I am looking forward to hearing your good news.
Best wishes!
Yours forever,
Li Hua
试题分析：试题为应用文中的书信写作，试题只给出写作框架，并未给出所有的具体写作细节，为半开放性写作。

写好此文，需注意三点：一是写信格式要准确，信的开头已经给出，但切要写好信的结尾。

二是要详略得当，本文要点如下：1.同情她的处境并安慰她，胖或瘦没有统一标准；2.强调保持健康的重要性；3.给出保持健康的建议。

三要注意适当地增加细节，恰当地使用连接过渡词，以使行文连贯。

另外，在写作时要注意时态、语态的合理运用。

【亮点说明】
本文是一篇书信，格式正确，内容符合要求，结构布局合理，句中使用高级句子。

I feel so desperately sorry to learn that you are depressed about some extra weight you have put on recently.宾语从句和定语从句完美结合；To begin with, being fat or slim is merely a matter of personal opinion.独立成分To begin with,恰到好处；With different people holding different views on this subject, there is no agreed standard for an ideal figure. with的独立主格结构运用经典；Only when you have a healthy body can you live to the fullest.部分倒装在句中体现；it is suggested that you should go on a balanced diet at the same time, thus doing good to your health.主语从句中的虚拟语气和现在分词做自然状语经典分层；另外，What’s more，As far as I am concerned, Most importantly, after all,等的运用为文章增色添彩。

20. 书面表达（25分）
为了丰富学生生活，我校学生会将举办一次主题为“English Music Week”的活动。

请你以学生会的名义写一个书面通知（约100字）。

有关内容如下：
时间：5月的最后一个星期
地点：届时通知
活动内容： 1. 演唱英文歌曲
2. 器乐演奏：包括西方古典音乐和民间音乐
3. 音乐知识竞赛：听英文歌曲片段，然后猜出处
4. 参加者请于5月20日前报名
Dear students,
The Students’ Union has decided to organize an “English Music Week”._________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Students’ Union
参考答案：
Dear students, ks5u
The Students’ Union has decided to organize an “English Music Week”. It will be held in the last week of May. The activities include singing pop songs and playing western classical and folk music. Bring your own musical instruments, please. A music contest will be included, too. The students taking part in the contest are required to listen to part of a song or a piece of music, and then guess where it comes from. If you’d like to tak e part in the English Music Week, please come and sign up for it before May 20th. The place for the activities will be announced later.
Come to the great fun!
Students’ Union
三、阅读理解
21. Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression（沮丧）through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice.
Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can reduce someone’s risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researcher s at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a complicated and novel fashion.
We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depr ession in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the cold-water zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment,
after five weeks of frequent but low-level stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed.
The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延缓) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred pre-exercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-
1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected（怀疑）that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC-1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the cold-water zone. Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant （抵抗的）. Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活体检查) before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substan tially more PGC-1alpha than at the study’s start.
The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute.
62. The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping to know______.
A. if exercise cushions against depression
B. what can lead to depression in animals and people
C. if stress can contribute to the development of depression
D. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression
63. We can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice
are depressed except when ______.
A. they attempt to escape from the cold-water zone
B. they stop searching for the sugar water
C. they stand still in place
D. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer
64. Researchers asked a group of adult volunteers to complete three weeks of frequent endurance training
in order to ______.
A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depression
B. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging
C. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging
D. confirm the findings above are also relevant to people
65. It can be concluded from the passage that______.
A. the mice with high levels of PGC-1alpha are easier to develop depression
B. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary people
C. the enzyme called PGC-1alpha helps to reduce depression
D. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depression
参考答案：
62.D
63.A
64.D
65.C
65.C推理判断题。

根据第四段中A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶) called PGC-1alpha. 经过锻炼生产更多的PGC-1alpha ；Their high levels of PGC-1alpha appeared to make them depression-resistant（抵抗的）他们的高水平的PGC-1alpha似乎使他们对抗抑郁症；再根据最后一段The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,”可知PGC-1alpha帮助减少抑郁。

故选C。

【名师点睛】
在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题。

该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。

此类题型一般分两种。

第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。

第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。

做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。

64.D
细节理
解题。

根据第四段倒数第二句Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers complete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging.可知认证上面的这些发现与人有关。

故选D。

22. I go grocery shopping nearly every day. That day I was trying desperately to find a good tomato. I
f inally grabbed the best one I could find. Backin
g away from the counter wit
h it in hand. I wasn’t paying attention. “Oh, I’m so sorry!” I said as I nearly fell over a woman in an electric cart. Many stores have started providing electric cars for those who have difficulty getting around. “Oh, that’s okay. I’m used to it. they need to put horns(喇叭)on these things,” she said with a smile. “We are positioned a bit lower and somewhat out of view. They are also so quiet that often people just don’t hear us coming. But I don’t know what I’d do without one. Oh, what a beautiful tomato it is ! I used to grow tomatoes. But this year I just couldn’t do it any more.”
“I’m sorry for your challenges. It must be frustrating.” I said.
“Well, it all requires a change in attitude, I could spend my time thinking about what I can’t do any more, or spend it on what new things I can do. I loved gardening. Besides my vegetable I also planted many flowers. All those years of love and attention kept them strong, so my work paid off,” the old woman replied.
“I love your attitude,” I added. “But tell me, what new things have you discovered? You said you needed to focus on new things you could do.” “Well, I can go to the grocery store and make new friends by running into perfect strange rs with my cart,” she said. “What I’ve discovered is that I can’t grow flowers any more, but I can paint flowers. When I hang my flowers paintings on the wall, the fresh scent stays in my soul. Since I can’t get around as much and they are just there, we a re a perfect match.”
“Just like meeting you, my friend. You added beauty to my day and will brighten the dark corners of my memory just when I need it most,” I told her.
1. The electric cars in the stores are used to _________.
A. give short people a good view
B. help the disabled get around easily
C. carry goods out of the store
D. warn people of danger
2. The woman gave up growing tomatoes probably because __________.
A. she didn’t like growing vegetables
B. she liked planting flowers
C. she had difficulty in gardening
D. she had no room to do so
3. According to the text, which of the following words can NOT be used to describe the old woman?
A. Hard-working
B. Friendly
C. Optimistic
D. Bored
4. The underlined part “a perfect match” in Paragraph 4 refers to the old woman and ________.
A. her electric cart
B. the flower in her garden
C. her flower paintings
D. the strangers she met in the stores 参考答案：
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. C
作者在商店偶遇一位勤劳、乐观、友好的老人，老人的言行举止给了作者光明和希望。

1. B
细节推理题。

根据第一段Many stores have started providing electric cars for those who have difficulty getting around.可知许多商店为行走有困难的人提供电动车，故选B.
2. C
细节推理题。

根据I used to grow tomatoes. But this year I just couldn’t do it any more. I could spend my time thinking about what I can’t do any more和What I’ve discovered is that I can’t grow flowers any more 可知由于年龄大了，干不了这些劳动了。

故选C.
3. D
推理判断题。

根据I loved gardening. Besides my vegetable I also planted many flowers.可知老人很勤劳；根据I can go to the grocery store and make new friends by running into perfect strangers with my cart以及和作者的交谈可知她很友好；根据What I’ve discovered is that I can’t grow flowers any more, but I can paint flowers. When I hang my flowers paintings on the wall, the fresh scent stays in my soul.可知老人很乐观。

文章没有提到老人很无聊，故选D.
4. C
猜测词义题。

根据上句的When I hang my flowers paintings on the wall, the fresh scent stays in my soul.可知此处的绝配指的是老人和她的鲜花图画，故选C.
【名师点睛】
细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的题。

但高考所占的比例大，应特别引起注意。

事实和细节题的命题特点是：对文章或某一段落中的一些特定细节或文章重要事实的理解，一般包括直接理解题和语义转化题。

直接理解题能在原文直接找到答案，而语义转化题则需要将题目信息与原文信息加工或整理后才能得出结论。

做细节理解题具体方法与步骤如下：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨；本文讲述了作者在商店偶遇一位勤劳、乐观、友好的老人，老人的言行举止给了作者光明和希望。

2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。

如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实；。