高中英语 unit3 Science and nature Peri

感顿市安乐阳光实验学校【学案导学设计】高中英语 unit3 Science and nature Period Five课时作业牛津译林版必修5
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．Our ship approached the ________(水道) to the dock.
2．An increase of five degrees would be a ________(灾难)，I would say.
3．He cannot support his family on his ________(收入)．
4．The number of people employed in ________(农业) has fallen in the last decade.
5．The eagle suddenly flew in the air and ________(使惊吓) me.
6．The station doors were locked，and the people had to break the ________(铁链) on the doors in order to get in.
7．I didn’t ask for ________(许可) or approval.
8．Could you do me a ________(帮助) and pick up my grandson from school today?
Ⅱ.选词填空
错误!1.________________________________，the president hasn’t done enough to help poor people.
2．He stood down ________________________ the other candidate.
3．He was always very keen to ________________ my mistakes.
4．________________，her works has been good，but this essay is dreadful.
5．In 2004，tsunami struck Southeast Asia，and it is quite difficult to ________________ the losses.
6．The leader spoke ________________________ the man who had given his life for the cause.
Ⅲ.同义词辨析
1．用in favour of/in favour with的适当形式填空
(1)The Prime Minister resigned ________________________ a better candidate.
(2)The Chief Executive(行政长官) is now ________________________ the people.
(3)He declared himself strongly ________________________ the project.
2．用debate/argue/quarrel/discuss的适当形式填空
(1)We will ________ what to teach during the next term.
(2)Don’t ________ with me；my decision is final.
(3)We were ________ whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside.
(4)The thieves ________ with one another about how to divide the money.
(5)Today’s ________ question is ‘The economy or the environment—must we choose？’．
Ⅳ.翻译句子
1．我们为飞机起飞迟了而道歉。

_______________________________________________________________ _________
_______________________________________________________________ _________
2．他的父母竭力劝阻他做演员。

_______________________________________________________________ _________
_______________________________________________________________ _________
3．他非常想告诉我们他的好消息。

________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ _________
4．我们还不知道如何处理废弃的塑料。

_______________________________________________________________ _________
_______________________________________________________________ _________
5．老人的忠告使年轻人受益匪浅。

_______________________________________________________________ _________
_______________________________________________________________ _________
Ⅴ.单项填空
1．Do you know the man________the old man________a small thing?
A．arguing with；over B．argue with；over
C．argued with；over D．arguing with；with 2．We take the view________it would be wrong to interfere with nature.
A．whether B．that C．/ D．what 3．—Did________get through the driving test?
—No，________did.A few failed.
A．everybody；not all
B．everybody；none
C．anybody；not all
D．anybody；no one
4．With a lot of difficult problems________，the new­ly­elected president is having a hard time.
A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled
5．I feel it is your husband who________for the spoiled child.
A．is to blame B．is going to blame C．is to be blamed D．should blame
6．These animals can run________of 65 kilometers per hour，so their hunting methods have to be very efficient indeed.
A．at any case B．at this rate C．at a fast rate D．at a rate
7．China is a________country while the U．S.，Japan as well as South Korea are all________ones.
A．developing；developed
B．developed；developing
C．developing；developing
D．developed；developed
8．It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.
A．when；then B．not；until C．not until；that D．only；when
9．Every evening after dinner，if not________from work，I will spend some time walking my dog.
A．being tired B．tiring C．tired D．to be tired
10．The play________next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
A．produced B．being produced
C．to be produced D．having been produced Ⅵ.阅读理解
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after
they take effect.But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled—to $1.01 per pack—smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates.They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years，finding that smokers，especially teens，are price sensitive.Nor is it a shock to the industry，which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message.Tobacco taxes improve public health，they raise money and most particularly，they deter people from taking up the habit as teens，which is when nearly all smokers are addicted.Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan，for instance，which has the highest tax in the nation，a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday.Charleston，S，C.，where the 7­cent­a­pack tax is the lowest in the nation.The price was $4.78.
The influence is obvious.
In New York，high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%，far below the national average.By comparison,26% of hig h school students smoke in Kentucky.Other low­tax states have similarly depressing teen­smoking records.
Hal Rogers，Representative from Kentucky，like those who are against high tobacco taxes，argues that the burden of the tax falls on low­income Americans“who choose to smoke”．
That’s true.But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low­income workers from getting hooked in the first place，As for today’s adults，if the new tax drives them to quit，they will have more to spend on their families，cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.
1．The text is mainly about________.
A．the price of cigarettes
B．tie rate of teen smoking
C．the effect of tobacco tax increase
D．the differences in tobacco tax rate
2．What does the author think is a surprise?
A．Teen smokers are price sensitive.
B．Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.
C．Tobacco taxes improve public health.
D．Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.
3．The underlined word “deter” in Paragraph 3 most probably means________.
A．discourage B．remove C．benefit D．free 4．Rogers’ attitude towards the low­income smokers might be that of________.
A．tolerance B．unconcern C．doubt D．sympathy
5．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.
B．Low­income Americans are more likely to fall ill.
C．Future generations will be hooked on smoking.
D．Adults will depend more on their families.
我是一个克隆人，我看起来像我哥哥。

1．I look just like my brother，and that’s because I am a clone.
2．I look just like my brother because I am a clone.
3．I am a clone，and that’s why I look just like my brother.
4．The reason why I look just like my brother is that I am a clone.
5．It is because I am a clone that I look just like my brother.
6．I am a clone，so I look just like my brother.
答案
Ⅰ.1.channel 2.catastrophe 3.income 4.agriculture
5.frightened
6.chains
7.permission
8.favour
Ⅱ.1.From my point of view 2.in favour of 3.point out 4．In general 5.figure out 6.in
praise of
Ⅲ.1.(1)in favour of (2)in favour with (3)in favour of
解析in favour of赞成；有利于；让位，它表示主动含义；in favour with受到……宠爱；得到……好评(重视)，表示被动含义。

2．(1)discuss (2)argue (3)debating (4)quarrelled (5)debate
解析debate既可作动词又可作名词，意为“辩论；争论”，侧重双方各自申诉理由，“交锋”意味较强。

argue v．也有“辩论，争论”之意，为支持某一想法、行动或理论而提出理由或证据，侧重于摆事实，试图说服对方，也可能是激烈的交换意见，以致争吵。

quarrel既可作动词，又可作名词，意为“吵架，争吵”，因生气失态以至于会伤害到双方。

discuss v．“谈论，讨论”，重在交换意见。

Ⅳ.1.We apologized for the late departure of this flight.
2．His parents tried their best to discourage him from being an
actor.
3．He was desperate to tell us his good news.
4．We haven’t known how to deal with waste plastics.
5．The young man benefited a lot from the old man’s advice.
Ⅴ.1.A [argue with sb. over/about sth.与某人争论某事。

]
2．B [that引导的同位语从句，作the view的同位语，从句中不缺少任何成分，且that不能省略。

]
3．A [句意为：——大家都通过了驾驶考试吗？——没有，不是所有的人都通过了。

有些没有通过。

anybody常用于疑问句。

另外not all表示部分否定，不是所有的，而none表示完全否定，因此A正确。

]
4．C [with复合结构中动词settle与主句主语the president存在逻辑上的主动关系且未完成，故选C项，意为“有许多难题要解决”。

] 5．A [be to blame for应为……承担责任；该为……受责备。

]
6．D [at a rate of...以……的速度。

at any case无此用法；at this rate照这情形看来；at a fast rate快速地。

故选D项。

]
7．A [developed countries发达国家，developing countries发展中国家。

]
8．C [从题干以及选项的特点可以判断出此题是强调句，强调的是not...until引导的时间状语从句，再根据强调句的特点可以断定此题应该选C。

]
9．C [if引导的状语从句与主句主语一致，又含有be动词时，常把主语和be动词省略。

此处应为if I am not tired from work，省略了I am，故选C项。

]
10．C [动词不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语表进行；过去分词作定语表完成和被动；having been done不能作限制性定语。

因play与produce 存在逻辑上的动宾关系，时间是next month，故选C项。

]
Ⅵ.1.C [主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，本文主要是关于烟草税收增加后带来的影响。

]
2．B [细节理解题。

由文中第三段“The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message”可知，有那么多的州对这种信息充耳不闻。

]
3．A [词义猜测题。

由上下文可知，they指的是tobacco taxes，所以这儿deter这个词的意思应为“阻止，制止”。

]
4．D [细节理解题。

由文章倒数第二段“...，argues that the burden of the tax falls on low­income Americans ‘who choose to smoke’．”可知，Rogers对低收入家庭的态度是同情。

]
5．A [推理判断题。

从文章最后一段可以看出，这种新的税收从长远来看是有好处的。

]。