人教版选修六Unit 4 Global warming reading课时作业 (7)

Unit 4 Global warming reading 课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Revolutionary TV Ears
TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of
hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音
量) and now it's better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears
wireless technology, you set your own headset volume，while other TV
listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them.
You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment — maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.
TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That's why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists (听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.
Doctor Recommended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television. As a retired ear doctor,I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”—Robert Forbes，M.D.，CA Customer Recommended TV Ears!“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”
—Darlene & Jack B．，CA
Risk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30-day risk free trial. Special Offer —Now D|S59.95. If you're not satisfied, return it. Money­back guarantee!
Call now! 800-123-7832
【语篇解读】本文是一篇广告类的应用文。

文章介绍的是一个全新的“电
视耳机”。

它与普通的耳机有什么不同呢？让我们一起来看看吧！
1．TV Ears helps you ．
A．improve your sleeping quality
B．listen to TV without disturbing others
C．change TV channels without difficulty
D．become interested in ballgame programs
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段中的With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume，while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that's comfortable for them.可知答案为B。

A、C两项文中未提及；D 项是对第一段最后一句Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.的曲解。

【答案】 B
2．What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?
A．It can easily set TV on mute.
B．Its headset volume is adjustable.
C．It has a new noise reduction ear tip.
D．It applies special wireless technology.
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段中的TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.可知，C项It has a new noise reduction ear tip.与之符合，应为正确答案。

原文中并未指出A、B、D三项是TV Ears与其他耳机的不同方面。

【答案】 C
3．This advertisement is made more believable by ．
A．using recommendations
B．offering reasons for this invention
C．providing statistics
D．showing the results of experiments
【解析】细节理解题。

由文中两个方框内容(Doctor Recommended TV Ears！和Customer Recommended TV Ears！)可知，这篇广告给出了来自医生和顾客的推荐(recommendations)，从而使其更具有可信性，故答案为A。

【答案】 A
B
Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regions will get colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate (迁徙) north.
Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly,animal and plant species may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.
According to Science Daily,a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of today's familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in today's world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these far-reaching consequences for the whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake.
Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesn't matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. What's more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.
However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection between this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.
【语篇解读】本文叙述了气候的变化会导致的严重后果，如：动物迁徙、地震和海啸。

现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。

4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?
A．Ways to protect our planet
B．Solutions to climate change
C．Be prepared for climate change
D．Climate change and its effects
【解析】标题确定题。

根据文章第一句Based on new analysis,we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.由关键词climate change and the effects可知。

【答案】 D
5．What is the author's purpose in using the examples of earthquakes?
A．To show the damage earthquakes caused.
B．To remind people to prevent future earthquakes.
C．To show major changes are taking place on the planet.
D．To tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future.
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段的第三句The planet itself has been showing signs of change可知，我们的星球已经表现出变化的迹象。

【答案】 C
6．What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Separated.B．Destroyed.
C．Removed. D．Affected.
【解析】词义猜测题。

根据第三段的最后一句Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake. 埃及2009年发生了大地震，海地2010年又一次遭受了大地震，被地震破坏、摧毁。

【答案】 B
7．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Animals and plants won't die out as long as climate changes slowly.
B．There's enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.
C．The world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.
D．The earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.
【解析】推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句However,other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。

【答案】 D
C
Scientists have claimed a milestone in the drive for new energy — development of the first practical artificial leaf, an advanced solar cell that imitates the process, called photosynthesis(光合作用),that green plants use to make sunlight and water into energy.
“A practical artificial leaf has been a dream of scientists for decades，”said Daniel Nocera,who led the research team. “We believe we have made it. The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries. One can imagine villages in India and Africa soon purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology.”
The leaf is like the shape of a poker card but thinner. Placed in water in a bright sunlight,it could produce enough electricity to supply a house in a developing country with electricity for a day by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in a fuel cell to produce electricity.
The “artificial leaf”is not a new concept. The first artificial leaf was developed more than a decade ago by John Turner. However, it was impractical for wider use, as it was composed of rare, expensive metals and was highly unstable with a lifespan of barely one day.
Nocera's new leaf overcomes these problems. It is made of inexpensive materials that are widely available,works under simple conditions and is highly stable. Laboratory studies showed that it could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
The key to this breakthrough is Nocera's recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. Right now, Nocera's leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural leaf. Yet he is optimistic that he can boost the efficiency of the device much higher in the future.
【语篇解读】穷人的福音。

一种能够进行光合作用的人造叶子能够发电了，而且非常的廉价，作者在文中对其做了具体的说明。

8．Daniel Nocera describes his artificial leaf as promising in ．
A．making an artificial plant that can feed itself
B．finding a new kind of catalyst to produce electricity
C．changing the sunlight and water into electricity directly
D．providing electricity for the poor family at a low cost
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段第三句话The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries可知答案选D。

【答案】 D
9．According to the passage, catalysts in the artificial leaf ．
A．speed up the process of chemical reactions
B．reduce the loss of energy during its operation
C．work as a media to store collected energy
D．slow down the course of chemical reactions
【解析】细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句话The key to this breakthrough is Nocera's recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. which代替的就是catalysts，它的作用就是加速化学反应的，故答案选A。

【答案】 A
10．The underlined word“it”in the fourth paragraph refers to ．
A．photosynthesis
B．catalyst used by the solar cell
C．Turner's artificial leaf
D．Nocera's new leaf
【解析】推理判断题。

本it和上一个it指的是同一个事物，即：Turner's artificial leaf。

根据上下文逻辑，不难猜出。

【答案】 C
11．The passage is most probably from ．
A．a science fiction story
B．a fairy tale book
C．an advertisement for solar products
D．a science news report
【解析】推理判断题。

从文章内容看本篇文章是一篇科普文章，故出处应
当是D。

【答案】 D
D
“Plants were supposed to grow larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，”said researchers from the National University of Singapore.
45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures.
“We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，”the researchers said. “Until we understand more,we could be risking negative consequences that we can't yet quantify.”
The change was big in cold­blooded animals. Only two decades of warmer temperatures were enough to make reptiles (爬行动物) smaller. An increase of only 1℃caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now,too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers,experiments show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth.There is a recent report on warmer temperatures' negative effects on plankton (浮游生物), the base of the marine ecosystem.
Warm­blooded animals weren't immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been miniaturized,too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This isn't the first time this has happened in Earth's history.
55 million years ago,a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees,spiders and ants to shrink by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change.
The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough,especially those with long generation times. So,it is likely that more negative influences of climate change will be shown in the future.
【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一种生物现象，现在生物正变得越来越小，而世人对原因尚不清楚，未来会如何，会令我们有所担心。

12．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Why do some species become smaller?
B．Species become smaller as climate warms
C．Climate change has many negative effects
D．How does climate change in Earth's history?
【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文章第二段可知答案，第一段导入话题，第二段点明主题。

【答案】 B
13．The underlined word “trumped” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “”．
A．beaten B．increased
C．strengthened D．equaled
【解析】词义猜测题。

根据前面的转折连词but可以判断“trumped”的词义与increase的意思基本相反，故A最接近。

【答案】 A
14．Researchers from the National University of Singapore believe that ．
A．climate change has more negative effects on warm-blooded animals
B．all the animals on the Earth have become smaller
C．too many studies on animals' sizes have been done
D．how climate change affects animals' sizes has not been found clearly
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句话“We do not yet know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，”the researchers said.现在人们依然不知道生物变小的原因。

【答案】 D
15．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Cold­blooded animals become smaller because of the lack of food.
B．Birds have suffered more from climate change than fish.
C．Climate change has even affected plankton negatively.
D．The warming event has never happened in Earth's history before.
【解析】细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句话There is a recent report on warmer temperatures'negative effects on plankton (浮游生物),the base of the marine ecosystem.可知。

【答案】 C
Ⅱ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Health is the most important thing in the world. Nothing is more important than health. If we take away our money, houses, or even our clothes, we can still survive.
16 That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.
How can we keep healthy? In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk food. 17 I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins.
18 Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.
What's more,I think friends are an important part of one's health. 19 I always feel better when I am with friends than I am alone. When I am with friends, I always ughing is also an important part of health. It's good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them.
20
A．On the other hand, doing exercise is very important.
B．There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.
C．Many students show that people with a wide range of social contacts don't get sick.
D．But if our health was taken away, it is certain that we would surely die.
E．I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.
F．I only eat little meat.
G．Some people appear fat because they often eat too much.
【答案】16—20DFACE。