2021届江西省临川第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案

2021届江西省临川第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
In his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.
While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.
Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.
Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.
While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.
1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.
B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.
C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.
D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.
2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?
A. Social reality.
B. Female dreams.
C. Human emotions.
D. Political environment.
3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?
A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.
B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.
C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.
D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.
B
If you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.
Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.
To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.
They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.
The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.
“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientific research. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”
4. Why was laser used in the experiment?
A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.
B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.
C. To help take clear photos of air movement.
D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.
5. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?
A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.
B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.
C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.
D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.
6. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .
A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easily
B. helping do research on other butterfly-like insects
C. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehicles
D. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle
7. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?
B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?
C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?
D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?
C
The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.
In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.
Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.
These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more
affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.
But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.
For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.
Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.
I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.
8. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.
A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors
B delivering babies can be difficult work
C. some doctors are not very experienced
D. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes
9. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.
A. tend to prescribe less effective medicine
B. are more concerned about the patients' safety
C. become less confident in writing a prescription
D. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding
10. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Result
B. Benefit
C. Difference
D. Absence
11. The author will probably agree that________.
A. we should not doubt our own decisions
B. our experience will pave way for our future
C. humans are emotional and irrational on the whole
D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions
D
Every day in the United States animals are beaten, ignored, or forced to struggle for survival. Left in poor conditions with no food or water, they have little hope as they live out their days without the mercy they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to experience how great life and humans can be; others aren't so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these abused(受虐待的) animals’ rights and seriously punish heartless owners.
One of the first steps in protecting animals and creating effective cruelty laws is to know what animal cruelty actually is. There are two categories: passive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, meaning the abuse happens as a result of ignorance or lack of action. Passive cruelty might seem less serious, but that is not the case; it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and finally death. Examples include starvation, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and the failure to get medical care. Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owner's ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to educate ignorant owners on how to properly care for animals before giving them a citation(传票) or putting them in prison.
Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well-known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposeful harm on an animal in order to feel more powerful or gain control. Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may commit more acts of violence---possibly against humans.
It is hard to tell just what drives people to harm innocent animals. Most animal abusers find some sort of achievement or power in torturing a victim that they know can't fight back. While not all animal abusers become serial killers, it is important to take every case seriously.
As a nation we need to make it our right to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
12. What is the first step to do with the passive cruelty abusers?
A. To throw them into prison.
B. To bring the case to the court.
C. To teach them how to treat animals.
D. To give them a strong warning.
13. We can learn from Para.3 that active cruelty ______.
A. is actually a sign of power or control
B. has been taken seriously in the nation
C. may lead to serious psychological problems
D. may cause acts of violence against humans
14. What is the author’s attitude towards animal cruelty?
A. Uncertain.
B. Doubtful.
C. Concerned.
D. Pessimistic.
15. The author wrote this passage to ______.
A. warn those heartless pet owners
B. tell people the harm of animal cruelty
C. explain the reasons why people harm animals
D. call on people to fight for the abused animals
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.___16___It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.
___17___The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.
In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. InBeijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use.___18___Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them.___19___
Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.___20___With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautifulChinawill come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.
A. Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.
B. Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.
C. It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.
D. Such a way of handling garbagehas appeared in some cities.
E. It will affectChina’s transformation towards green development.
F. Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.
G. The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项It is impossible to perform consistently in a manner inconsistent with the way we see ourselves. In other words, we usually act in direct___21___to our self-image. Nothing is more difficult to___22___than changing outward actions without changing inward feelings.
One of the best ways to___23___those inward feelings is to have some "success" under your belt (在以往的经历中). My daughter Elizabeth has a___24___to be shy and wants to hold back on new experiences. But once she has___25___to a situation, it's "full steam ahead". When she was in first grade, her school had a candy bar___26___. Each child was given thirty candy bars and was___27___to sell every one of them.___28___I picked upElizabethfrom school, she was holding her "challenge" and needed some___29___encouragement. It was time for a sales meeting with my new salesgirl.
All the end of the day, I____30____each teaching point with half a dozen "You can do it ---your smiles will____31____them over --- I believe in you" phrases. By the end of our fifteen-minute____32____, the young lady sitting beside me had become a____33____saleslady.
At the end of the day, all thirty bars had been sold. She excitedly____34____as I tucked (把...被子掖好) her into bed that night:" Oh God, thanks for the candy sale at school. It's great."
Elizabeth's prayer reflects the heart's____35____of every person. We all want to be winners. The next dayElizabethcame home____36____another box of candy bars. She'd exhausted the____37____of friendly neighbors, and she was thrown into the cruel world of the unknown buyers.____38____I offered encouragement and a few more selling tips. And she did it. The experience____39____two days of selling, two sold-out performances, two happy people and one boosted (提高)____40____. How we see ourselves reflects how others see us.
21. A. opposition B. contrast C. preference D. response
22. A. acknowledge B. accomplish C. appreciate D. announce
23. A. improve B. control C. injure D. follow
24. A. chance B. competence C.tendency D. need
25. A. turned B. warmed C. complained D. quit
26. A. sale B. delivery C. present D. bargain
27. A. forced B. ordered C. challenged D. warned
28. A. When B. While C. If D. Because
29. A. negative B. further C. rough D. positive
30. A. decorated B. surrounded C. rewarded D. classified
31. A. get B. take C. win D. look
32. A. complaint B. quarrel C. amusement D. drive
33. A. committed B. nervous C. frightened D. pretty
34. A. wrote B. prayed C. recommended D. recalled
35. A. humor B. impression C. desire D. justice
36. A. toward B. without C. for D. with
37. A. wealth B. emotion C. supply D. quantity
38. A. Again B. Desperately C. Eventually D. Instead
39. A. added to B. amounted to C. catered for D. came to
40. A. self-help B. self-study C. self-respect D. self-image
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years____41.____(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long____42.____(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of____43.____(die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it____44.____(be) more effective at lengthening life____45.____walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014____46.____showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all____47.____(cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to____48.____(strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always____49.____(energy).If you are time poor, you need run
for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give_____50._____a try.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When the earthquake was happened in 2008 my aunt was still a little girl in small county in Sichuan. Today, she can well remember doctors and nurses in white overalls which were busy day and night save the injured in our hometown. It was then when she made up her mind to be someone like them. Her dreams came true after she graduated from a local medical school. On January 2020, when bad news came that Hubei was badly in need of doctors and nurses to fight COVID-19, she applied to be there to help out but her application was approved. Before she leaves, she told us she was grateful for what people did for us after the earthquake and that she had decided to pay them forward.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。

请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:
1.参加人员:
2.跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下:
3.活动反响
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

A Cross-Country Running Race
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. D
6. C
7. D
8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D
12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32.
D 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. D
41. longer
42. to see 43. dying
44. is 45. than
46. that \which
47. causes 48. strengthen
49. energetic
50. it \running
51.(1). was 删掉。

(2). in small之间加a。

(3). which→who/that。

(4). save→saving。

(5). when→that。

(6). dreams→dream。

(7). On→In。

(8). but→and。

(9). leaves→left。

(10). them→it。

52.略。