英文摘要书写技巧(1)

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0英文摘要写作技巧

英文摘要写作技巧一、标题（一）要求1．简明扼要（short and concise）（1）尽量控制在一行，但不是一个句子（2）不超过25个单词或120-140个字母（3）除DNA、RNA、CT等不用缩写2．信息丰富(informative)3．便于索引（indexing）4．较长标题可采用副标题（二）标题写作中常用词组和表达方式1．用…（方法／手段）对…进行研究／分析／观察／评价：Study(analysis/observation/evaluation/assessment) of (on) …(by) using 方法/with工具）2．A对B的作用Effort of A on BProtective effect of omeprazole on endothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury3．A与B的关系Correlation (relation/relationship) between A and BCorrelation of A with B and C常用修饰词：positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly标题写作中常用词组和表达方式4．用…治疗…Use of …in the treatment of …(病）in …（生物）Use of omeprazole in the treatment of gastric ulcer in the elderly5．A是BA as B二、著录部分书写（一）姓名标准式：W ANG Luowei，HUANG Yingfeng，GUO Xiao’an （二）地址800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, P.R.China（三）资助A project funded by the National “863” Program三、摘要的分类与格式摘要是作者要给读者的精华，分两大类：（一）指示性摘要（二）资料性摘要1．非结构式摘要缺点：段落不明，给编辑、审稿、阅读和计算机处理带来诸多不便2．全结构式摘要（8要素摘要）（1）目的（2）设计（3）地点（4）对象（5）处理（6）主要测定项目（7）结果（8）结论全结构式摘要的优点（1）观点更明确（2）信息量更大（3）差错更少（4）符合计算机数据库建立和使用的要求全结构式摘要的缺点：烦琐、重复、篇幅过长3．半结构式摘要（四要素摘要）（1）目的（objective/purpose/aim）（2）方法（methods）（3）结果（results）（4）结论（conclusion）u 目的是主题，是作者相要介绍的关键问题一、目的格式（一）单表目的（二）背景＋目的二、目的常用时态（一）背景：现在时（一般现在时、完成时和进行时）（二）目的：一般现在时／现在完成时，或一般过去时举例：（1）To evaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusions with omeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.（2）The role of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pylori resistance on treatment outcome are not established. This study investigated the role of omeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance on eradication and development of secondary resistance.三、介绍目的常用句型主要用动词不定式to表达1．直接用to do短语表达举例：To determine if use of omeprazole protects against the gastric mucosal injury2．The purpose/aim/objective/goal(of present study is)was to举例：The aim of this study was to determine the protective function of omeprazole on gastric mucosal injury3．The present study is /was designed/devised/intended to举例：The present study was designed to establish whether there might be a genetic predisposition to an altered pattern of anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in patients with irritable bowel syndrome4．This study was performed/conducted/carried out/undertaken to举例：An experimental study was conducted using a canine mode to elucidate …5．We aimed/sought to/attempted to举例：We sought to assess whether there is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work in certain industries occupations.四、介绍目的常用动词1．研究：study, investigate, examine, observe, explore举例：Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.2．评价：evaluate, validate举例：To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma.3．确定：determine, decide, confirm, support, define, characterize 4．证实：prove, demonstrate, document, test, support, testify, verify 5．阐明、搞清：explain, elucidate, clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to the knowledge of6．介绍：describe, present, report7．建立：establish, develop, set out8．寻找：search for, look for, seek, find9．识别、区分：identify, differentiate, discriminate10．优选：optimize11．比较：compare12．回顾：review13．相关：correlate A with B方法部分u（1）研究设计（2）研究对象的特性（3）干预或处理方法（4）测定或观察方法一、研究对象的选择、来源及标准1．纳入研究：were entered into/enrolled in/selected (randomly)举例：A total of 169 patients were included in the study, 83 of whom received……2．排除或退出研究：were excluded from participation，withdrew from the study due to/because to举例：……Patients with significant aortic valvular diseases were excluded.二、研究对象的分组1．……were divided into/classified/grouped into2．……were divided randomly/randomized into3．……were divided equally into举例：Patients were divided into three groups: Group 1……Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……三、年龄1．某一年龄举例：A 50-year-old patient. Patients (age 26±3 years).2．在某年龄范围内及平均年龄举例：Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years) 3．在某一年龄以上或以下举例：Patients more than 50 years. Patients under/less than 50 years. 四、性别、时间1．性别twelve patients (7 male and 5 female )The male-to-female ratio was 1:42．时间Body weight was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. ……五、诊断与治疗1．诊断be diagnosed as having …be diagnosed as …by …/with …®be suspected as …2．治疗be treated with…(alone or in combination with …)be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis举例：（1）Patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole,…（2）50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of the four treatment regimens. …u 结果部分1．是文章结论的根据2．应记录真实的科研数据3．除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示一、常用句型1．结果表明：The results showed / demonstrated / revealed / documented / indicated/suggested…that…®It was found that…举例：The results showed that high thigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate. 2．与…有关：A was related / correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship /correlation between A and B. There was a relation of A with B and C举例：Insulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, P<0.05), body mass index (r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)3．增加或减少（1）表示数值增加的动词：increase, rise, elevate（2）表示数值增加的名词：increase, increment, elevation（3）表示数值减少的动词：decrease, reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower （4）表示数值减少的名词：decrease, decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering（5）从…增加到…，平均增加…：increase from …to …, with a mean/average (increase) of …（6）从…增加到…，总的增加…：increase from …to …, with an overall increase of …（7）增加了10％：increase by (10%)4．倍数比较（1）增加或减少3倍：increase by 3 fold (times). a 3-fold increase （2）A 是B的3倍：A is 3 fold (times) as…as B. A is 3 fold (times) B 5．结果的统计学意义（1）明显不同（significant difference）（2）很明显不同（very/highly significant difference）（3）区别不明显（insignificant difference）（4）无区别（nonsignificant difference/no difference）6．统计学意义常用句型（1）There was/is significant difference in…between A and B（2）The difference in …between A and B was/is significant（3）A was/is significant difference from B in …（4）No significant difference was found / observed / noted in …between A and B“in”表示区分的性质或内容举例：（1）There were no significant difference between treatment groups in symptoms and lung function (P>0.05).（2）Significant difference were not noted in the level of HDL cholesterol, and LDL peak particle diameter before and after treatment.u 结论部分是作者发表观点和见解，给读者的精髓部分1．归纳性说明研究结果或发现2．结论性说明结果的可能原因、机理或意义3．前瞻性说明未解决的问题一、结论部分时态1．过去时（1）涉及本研究的内容（2）涉及他人研究过程的内容（3）作者认为只适用于本研究环境和条件的结论2．现在时（1）指示性说明（2）普遍接受的思想、理论或结论（3）作者认为本研究结论具有普遍意义（4）前瞻性说明举例：Our findings indicate that hepatitis C is a progressive disease [指示性说明-现在时]，but only a few died during the average 20.4 years after the initiation of injection drug use [本试验过程中发生的事-过去时］. Antiviral treatment to eradicate the virus and halt the progression of diseases is indicated in this group of patients [作者认为具有普遍意义的结论-现在时].二、结论部分常用句型1．结果提示…：These results suggest that…举例：These data confirm the presence of at least two major HCV genotypes in Nigeria.2．结果支持或反对某种观点：These results support the idea that…；These results fail to support the idea that…举例：These results do not support the idea that treatment to lower cholesterol concentration cause mood disturbance.3．表示观点的确定或不确定性：There is no evidence that…；It is likely/unlikely that …举例：There is no evidence that NIDDM produce any change in bonemetabolism or mass.4．具有…意义：Be of great (some/little/no) clinical significance in…to …举例：The detection of p53 gene is of great clinical significance in tumor diagnosis.5．前瞻性说明：…remain to be further studied；It is remains to be proved that …举例：However, the relation of insulin resistance to hypertension remains to be further studied.6．插入语：This is the first case of pancreas divisum.举例：This is the first case, to our knowledge, of pancreas divisum.小结u中文是关键®符合英语习惯®不用简单句®注意词语的用法®® 注意时态附：练习24小时胃内酸度监测评价多种抑酸剂静脉使用对十二指肠溃疡患者的抑酸效果钟碧慧袁育红陈湖林金坤胡品津【摘要】目的对比各种常用抑酸剂对十二指肠溃疡出血患者胃酸的抑制效果。

怎样写英文摘要（5篇）

怎样写英文摘要（5篇）第一篇：怎样写英文摘要摘要的类型与基本内容根据内容的不同，摘要可分为以下三大类：报道性摘要、指示性摘要和报道指示性摘要(1)报道性摘要(informative abstract)：也常称作信息性摘要或资料性摘要，其特点是全面、简要地概括论文的目的、方法、主要数据和结论。

通常,这种摘要可以部分地取代阅读全文。

(2)指示性摘要(indicative abstract)：也常称为说明性摘要、描述性摘要(descriptive abstract)或论点摘要(topic abstract)，一般只用二三句话概括论文的主题，而不涉及论据和结论，多用于综述、会议报告等。

该类摘要可用于帮助潜在的读者来决定是否需要阅读全文。

(3)报道-指示性摘要(informative-indicative abstract)：以报道性摘要的形式表述一次文献中的信息价值较高的部分，以指示性摘要的形式表述其余部分。

传统的摘要多为一段式，在内容上大致包括引言(Introduction)，材料与方法(Materials and Methods)，结果(Results)和讨论(Discussion)等主要方面，即IMRAD((Introduction，Methods，Results and Discussion)结构的写作模式。

20世纪80年代中期出现了另一种摘要文体，即“结构式摘要"(structured abstract),该摘要实质上是报道性摘要的结构化表达。

写摘要的注意事项摘要主要讲述本论文的要点。

结论写完以后再写摘要.摘要给人第一口苹果的品尝效果.审稿人一般用15分钟看摘要和引言.如果第一印象不好,他/她会去寻找理由建议主编退稿.5 摘要的读者面比论文全文的读者面大得多。

不要用第一人称。

写摘要的顺序第一句话：讲一下你这篇文章的研究意义（但是有的杂志不需要这句话）第二句话：以 To eluicdatie the mechanism..., To investigate....,或者for the purpose of....开头来讲述你这样研究的目的。

英文摘要写作技巧..

怎样写好医学论文英文摘要
2010年11月
第一部分
英文摘要的固定句型
文题
文题包括样本、参数和处理三要素，其中样本和参数随文章而变，处理则涉及关联、效应、
比较和检测四类，通常有4种固定句型。
1、关联句
A样本中B参数和C参数的关联(Association B para meter with C parameter in A sample)
“To explore association event related potential P300 with clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia”.
少数情况下，文题用于Objective时，要稍作变动，但框架不变。如文题为：
“Epidemiological survey of depression prevalenc
“There was no significant different in total number of whit e blood cell between depression group and normal contr之间对C参数进行比较研究 (A comparative study of C parameter between A sample and B sample (or among multiple sample) 。例如“在电针、氟西汀和安慰剂治疗的抑郁症病人之间进行疗效比较研究” 可译作“A comparative study of antidepressive effect among patients with depression taking electroacupuncture, fluoxetine and placebo”.

英文摘要的写作技巧

英文摘要的写作技巧
一、写作方法
1、确定主题：写英文摘要时，要确定文章的主题，这是写英文摘要
的首要任务，这样才能把握全文的主旨，为摘要写作构思提供依据。

2、确定摘要内容：接下来，要确定摘要内容，一般来说，英文摘要
是对文章的全部内容进行精简总结，要考虑哪些是文章的重点内容，哪些
是支撑性的内容。

3、分析文章结构：然后，要进行文章的结构分析，把握文章的结构，以及每段内容的主要情节，这样才能把握文章的全部内容。

4、梳理摘要结构：接下来，要根据文章的结构确定摘要的结构，一
般来说英文摘要的结构是以“主题+逻辑分论点”的形式来进行总结。

5、撰写英文摘要：最后，要开始撰写英文摘要，写英文摘要时，要
注意字数，一般英文摘要占整篇文章的20%左右，不宜过多或过少，要适
当精炼。

二、写作注意
1、要注意文章的主旨：写英文摘要时，要注意文章的主旨，去掉无
用的信息，强调核心信息，而不是把全文都写了一遍。

2、要注意语言：写英文摘要时，要注意语言的表达，要尽量使用客观、简洁明了的表达，不要冗长繁琐，也不要太过牵强附会。

3、要注意语法：在写英文摘要时，要注意语法。

如何写英文摘要

Ei数据库文摘要求Ei数据库文摘要求: 对于科技期刊的文章，文摘主要由三部分组成，即：研究的问题、过程和方法、结果。

文摘只有写得正确，写的好, 才能起到帮助读者了解原文的作用。

因此必须对文献进行认真的主题分析，找出文献的主题概念，正确地组织好这些主题内容，简明准确完整地写出文摘来。

文摘长度一般不超过150 words。

少数情况下允许例外，视原始文献而定。

在不遗漏主题概念的前提下，文摘应尽量简洁。

1. 缩短文摘方法(1) 取消不必要的字句：如It is reported ..Extensive investigations show that ..The author discusses ..This paper concerned with ..文摘开头的“In this paper,”(2) 对物理单位及一些通用词可以适当进行简化；(3) 取消或减少背景信息(Background Information)；以下是一篇不成功的文摘：根据传统光学干涉原理研制出的相位调制型光纤传感器，其突出的优点是灵敏度高，但却只能进行相对测量，因此本文介绍了能实现绝对测量的全光纤白光干涉型光纤传感器及其检测技术，该技术基于白光干涉的绝对测量原理。

该文摘用一半的篇幅介绍了背景信息，对自己的工作却只做了泛泛的介绍。

限制文摘只表示新情况, 新内容, 过去的研究细节可以取消；(4) 不说无用的话，如:·本文所谈的有关研究工作是对过去老工艺的一个极大的改进，·本工作首次实现了..，·经检索尚未发现与本文类似的文献等词句切不可进入文摘；(6) 作者在文献中谈及的未来计划不纳入文摘；(7) 尽量简化一些措辞和重复的单元，如：不用at a temperature of 250 ℃to 300℃而用at 250℃-300℃不用at a high pressure of 2000 psig而用at 2000 psig不用at a high temperature of 1500 ℃而用at 1500℃不用discussed and stu1died in detail而用discussed(8) 文摘第一句应避免与题目(Title) 重复。

英文摘要的撰写方法

英文摘要的撰写方法国内很多学术论文都有英文摘要。

有一些文章中文写得很好，看了颇受启发，但摘要写得一般，很可惜。

就个人的感受，就写摘要的问题，将常见一些问题列举如下。

这里的很多毛病我自己也犯过，被老师、编辑揪过，不希望大家再犯同样错误；有的是我在给一些期刊审稿时候看到的，按照出现频率，一并列举如下，希望对国内同行有借鉴意义：1. 句长：摘要最多最大的弊病，是句子太长，比如中文中说：“本着…，在…的基础上，本文分析了…”，“立足于…，在分析了…的基础上，作者联系当前实际…”。

这些中文表述本来就不好，如翻译成英文还是照搬：Based on…, and according to…那看的人就会非常费劲，却掌握不了文章的内容和重点。

当然英文作者有时候也写长句子，但是一般他们对自己的语法还是比较有把握的。

中国作者，英语如果一般，那么还是把句子写短一点好。

最好一句话一个意思，如果两句话没有逻辑关系，不要硬扯到一块。

比如“本着对…的分析，本文提出了…的模型”，这里本来就说了两件事，第一，你的文章分析了一些文献（或其它内容），第二，你的文章又提出了一个模型。

在文章结构上这是两件事，为何不说成：”This paper starts with an analysis of…It then proposes…”不要从句套从句、叠床架屋，套得让人不知所云，除非你能够明确各个概念之间的逻辑关系，并能用英文准确表述出来，也有一些作者能做到这一点，主要是一些英文系的作者。

所以如果把握不了，最好请英语专业的毕业生或专业翻译去翻，至少让其把关。

2. 语法：建议多审查几回，同时还要用Word的”Spell Check”功能查一下拼写，有的作者交上来的稿子很马虎，拼错的词很多，给编者、读者印象不好。

有一些语法问题属搭配不当。

有一些说法在中文中好像问题倒不是很大，比如有人说“持续性创新”，这个中文好像没有什么大问题，但是翻译成英文后就让人有些费解，如”sustained innovation”.因为创新一般是对一个持续很久的产品、模式、观念的一种反拨，说它出现了，被人应用了倒是可以理解，”sustained innovation”让人费解。

英文摘要写作技巧四种固定句型

4、检测句
在A样本中对B参数的检测，可套用： “Detection of B parameter in A sample”。例如，在抽动障碍儿童中对A蔟溶血性链球菌抗体的测定，可译作： “Detection of group A streptococcal antibody in childre n with tic disorders”。
3、相关句
在C组中A参数与B参数之间有显著正相关、负相关或无相关，可套用：“There was a significantly positive or negative correlation between parameter A and parameter B in group C”。
例如，在38例精神分裂症病人中脑脊液多巴胺水平与5 羟色胺水平之间有显著正相关，译作There was a significantly positive correlation between CSF Dopamine level and CSF 5-hydroxytryptamine level in 38 patients with schizophrenia”。
分析: ① 词语搭配不当：effect 应与on 连用; ② 选词不当：轻病区用mild 一词。
修改为: Effects of different iodine content in salt on the children in severe and mild iodine deficiency areas in Guizhou , China
二、英文摘要
1、目的（Objective)
在目的中，因为是反映将要做什么，故用不定式。格式为 “探索（调查或研究）+文题”

英文摘要的书写技巧

英文摘要的书写技巧英文摘要通常是学术论文、科技报告、研究成果等的第一篇引言，短小精悍地概括了文章的主要内容和意义。

因此，良好的英文摘要是保证文章成功的基础之一。

下面我们来谈一谈英文摘要的书写技巧。

一、准确翻译思路英文摘要通常是中文原文的直接翻译，因此必须先确保中文原文表达的思路、结构、内容的翻译准确无误。

翻译在整个英文摘要中扮演着至关重要的角色。

精准的翻译可以使读者更好地理解文章，突显作者的研究价值。

二、简明扼要地表达研究目的和主题在英文摘要中，作者必须简明扼要地表达文章的主题和研究目的。

语言应当简练，措辞准确明确，尽量避免使用模糊、罗嗦的词汇。

在表述研究目的的同时，需要说明该研究为何具有重要性和应用前景，这有助于提高读者的兴趣和关注度。

三、突出研究方法和成果英文摘要应当突出研究方法和成果，作者应当简明扼要地说明采用的研究方法和技术，以及所得到的主要研究成果。

在突出研究方法的同时，必须确保语言简练，避免使用过多的专业术语和公式，增强阅读体验。

四、突出文章的创新点和贡献英文摘要中应当突出文章的创新点和贡献。

作者应当清晰阐述论文的独特性、创新性，突出自己的贡献和价值。

这些创新点和贡献是吸引读者和其他研究者对文章进行深入研究的重要因素。

五、注意英文语法和表达方式英文摘要是文章的门面，因此要注意英文语法和表达方式。

在撰写英文摘要的时候，应当尽量使用简单明了的语言，突出文章主旨，并注意英文语法中的时态、语态和词性等问题。

特别是在使用专业术语的时候，要确保使用正确，并注意缩写表述的准确性和标点符号的正确使用。

六、注意逻辑和流畅度英文摘要在语言、结构和内容方面都需要严密把握，从而使整篇文章的逻辑性更加强大准确，流畅度更加突出。

要注意写作结构的组合，通过适当的段落进行分隔和连接，让阅读者更好地理解文章脉络。

此外，要注重内容的全面性和准确性，从而使研究更具说服力和参考性。

综上所述，英文摘要的书写技巧涉及到语言的准确性、表达方式的简洁清晰性、逻辑性和流畅度。

英语摘要十大万能模板

由于英语摘要是新题型，相对来讲比较难，但是大家摸清基本的套路和方法，就不会无从下笔了，下面的十个模板是从《MBA联考英语写作分册》摘录的，模板很简单，大家把模板背熟，到考试是直接套用就行了，不过最好先找几篇文章练练笔，熟悉一下流程。

英文摘要的基本方法就是：首先，写出中文摘要；其次，把它用简单的英文翻译过来并加以修改。

英文摘要的写作注意事项：1、英文摘要结构严谨，表达简明，语义确切。

尽量使用短句，慎用长句。

2、应采用第三人称表达方式，谓语动词用一般现在时、现在完成时或一般过去时。

进行时态和其他复合时态基本不用。

3、英文摘要的语态既可采用主动，也可采用被动。

英语摘要十大万能模板框架一In the first paragraph of the dissertation, the author highlights that due attention has to be paid to__. Several fundamental factors have contributed to such a tendency. First and foremost, among the most convincing causes identified by people, one should be stressed, that is __. In addition, as far as the author is concerned, __ is of utmost significance to our society. The last but not the least, as is illustrated in the last paragraph of the essay, the writer also takes __into consideration. Given all the above argument, we can draw the conclusion that __ is indeed crucial.在本段的第一段，作者强调我们必须充分重视＿（中心词）。

英文摘要书写技巧

英文摘要书写技巧【摘要】The abstract is a crucial part of any research paper, providing a brief summary of the study's key points. In this article, we discuss some important tips for writing an effective abstract.Firstly, it is essential to choose a clear and concise title that accurately reflects the research. Including relevant keywords can help improve the visibility of the study in search results. The abstract should provide a brief overview of the research, outlining the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions. Using a structured format with distinct sections can help guide the reader through the abstract. Avoiding technical jargon can ensure that the abstract is accessible to a wider audience.【关键词】英文摘要、书写技巧、清晰简洁的标题、关键词、研究摘要、结构化格式、避免技术术语1. 引言1.1 IntroductionThe abstract is a crucial part of any research paper as it provides a brief overview of the study and its findings. It servesas a snapshot of the entire paper, allowing readers to quickly understand the purpose and significance of the research. In this article, we will discuss some key tips for writing an effective abstract that effectively communicates the essence of your research. By following these guidelines, authors can ensure that their abstracts are clear, concise, and informative, ultimately helping to attract readers and generate interest in their work.2. 正文2.1 Choose a clear and concise titleRemember that the title of your abstract is often the first thing that readers will see, so it is important to make a good first impression. By choosing a clear and concise title, you can ensure that your abstract stands out and attracts the attention of potential readers.2.2 Include keywordsOne strategy for choosing keywords is to identify key terms that are repeated throughout your paper. These may include important concepts, variables, or theories that are central to your research. Additionally, consider using synonyms or alternative terms that readers might use when searching for information on your topic.2.3 Provide a brief summary of the researchOverall, the summary should give readers a clear understanding of what the research is about and why it is significant. By providing a concise overview of the study, the abstract can help readers determine whether the research is relevant to their interests and worth further investigation.2.4 Use a structured formatOne common format for structuring an abstract includes the following sections:2.5 Avoid technical jargonAdditionally, avoiding technical jargon can also help improve the overall readability and flow of your abstract. Readers will be able to grasp the key concepts and findings of your research more easily, leading to a more engaging and informative abstract.3. 结论3.1 ConclusionIn conclusion, writing a concise and well-structured abstract is essential for effectively communicating the key findings and importance of your research. By following the tips outlined inthis article, such as choosing a clear title, including relevant keywords, providing a brief summary of the research, using a structured format, and avoiding technical jargon, researchers can increase the visibility and impact of their work. A well-written abstract can attract more readers, increase the chances of publication, and enhance the overall quality of a research paper. Therefore, it is important for researchers to dedicate time and effort to crafting a well-written abstract that accurately represents the significance of their research findings.。

英文摘要的写作技巧

英文摘要的写作技巧英文摘要的写作技巧导语：英文摘要(Abstract)的写作应用很广。

论文摘要是全文的精华，是对一项科学研究工作的总结，对研究目的、方法和研究结果的概括。

以下是小编为大家精心整理的英文摘要的写作技巧，欢迎大家阅读参考!一、摘要的种类与特点摘要主要有以下四种。

第一种是随同论文一起在学术刊物上发表的摘要。

这种摘要置于主体部分之前，目的是让读者首先了解一下论文的内容，以便决定是否阅读全文。

一般来说，这种摘要在全文完成之后写。

字数限制在100～150字之间。

内容包括研究目的、研究方法、研究结果和主要结论。

第二种是学术会议论文摘要。

会议论文摘要往往在会议召开之前几个月撰写，目的是交给会议论文评审委员会评阅，从而决定是否能够录用。

所以，比第一种略为详细，长度在200—300字之间。

会议论文摘要的开头有必要简单介绍一下研究课题的意义、目的、宗旨等。

如果在写摘要时，研究工作尚未完成，全部研究结果还未得到，那么，应在方法、目的、宗旨、假设等方面多花笔墨。

第三种为学位论文摘要。

学士、硕士和博士论文摘要一般都要求用中、英文两种语言写。

学位论文摘要一般在400字左右，根据需要可以分为几个段落。

内容一般包括研究背景、意义、主旨和目的;基本理论依据，基本假设;研究方法;研究结果;主要创新点;简短讨论。

不同级别的学位论文摘要，要突出不同程度的创新之处，指出有何新的观点、见解或解决问题的新方法。

第四种是脱离原文而独立发表的摘要。

这种摘要更应该具有独立性、自含性、完整性。

读者无需阅读全文，便可以了解全文的主要内容。

二、摘要的内容与结构摘要内容一般包括：Ø 目的(objectives，purposes)：包括研究背景、范围、内容、要解决的问题及解决这一问题的重要性和意义。

Ø 方法(methods and materials)：包括材料、手段和过程。

Ø 结果与简短讨论(results and discussions)：包括数据与分析。

英文摘要写法与格式

本科生毕业生论文英文摘要写作规范
1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言，提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。

（内容基本与中文摘要相同，但不用完全逐句对应）。

2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页（1页即可），放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距：统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New
Roman”，倍行间距。

4、英文题目：使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要：“Absract”顶格，使用四号字，并加粗。

英文摘要具体内容使用四号字。

6、英文关键词：“Key Words”顶格，使用四号字并加粗。

每个关键词使用四号字
见下一页范本。

英文结构式摘要的写作技巧_论文格式_

英文结构式摘要的写作技巧医学科技论文英文结构式摘要的写作需要做到简练，准确，逻辑性强，使人读后能一目了然。

2.1 标题：是全文内容的高度概括，大多采用名词化结构(nominalization)，应准确无误地表达论文的中心内容，恰如其分地反映研究范围和深度，避免过于抽象，标题中有关时间和数量等概念的表达应做到能用数字精确表达的最好不用模糊含义的词。

题目不是一个完整的句子时可省略冠词(a，an，the)，是一个完整句子时，尽量保留冠词。

一般不超过10 个实词。

2.2 时态：表述文章的写作目的时用一般现在时，多用句型为：动词不定式+表述作用、关系、效果、价值等名词，如，to study; to evaluate;to explore”。

方法和结果多用过去时，结论多用一般现在时。

2.3 语态：一般以第三人称的被动语态为多，这是因为医学研究着重于客观事物和过程的描述，使得整项活动更显出科学性。

同时，被动语态的句子在结构上有较大的调节余地，有利于采用必要的修辞手段，扩大句子的信息量，从而突出重要的概念、问题、事实、结论等内容[9]。

2.4 用词：尽可能地频繁使用缩写词、名词作定语，简化句型，增大信息密度，使行文简练、结构紧凑。

医学英语的特点是派生词多、正式词汇多、名词化结构多、长句多、被动句多、非谓语动词多、专业性强等。

一定要用相应的专用词，不能望文生义，不能凭《汉英》作字面翻译，应该参考国际通用译名和医学英语专用字典的译法。

如:骨性关节炎，不能译“inflammation of bone andjoint”，应译“osteoarthritis”。

短词代替长词，常用词代替生僻词，书面语代替口语。

定语中尽可能用非谓语动词形式、缩写词和名词，不用或少用从句。

2.5 关键词：最好3个以上、6个以下关键词，建议使用mesh表中的标准词汇。

总之，一篇能确切表达医学科技论文主旨的英文结构式摘要需在人称、时态、术语、数字及单位等具体环节达到和谐统一。

英文摘要书写技巧

英文摘要书写技巧Abstract Writing Tips (1500 words)Writing an abstract is a crucial skill for researchers and academics as it helps them communicate the essence of their work in a concise and accessible manner. An abstract is a summary of a research paper, report, or article that provides an overview of the main points and findings. This article provides some useful tips for writing effective and compelling abstracts.1. Understand the Purpose of an Abstract: Before starting to write the abstract, it is important to understand its purpose. An abstract serves as a snapshot of the entire work and allows readers to quickly determine if the study is relevant to their interests. It should provide enough information to help readers decide whether to read the full paper or not.2. Follow the Structure: Abstracts generally follow a specific structure that includes the background, objective, methods, results, and conclusions of the study. However, this structure may vary depending on the requirements of the journal or conference you are submitting to. It is essential to follow the prescribed structure to ensure that all the necessary information is included.3. Be Concise: Abstracts should be concise and to the point. Since they have word limits, it is important to prioritize the most essential information and avoid unnecessary details. A good abstract should be between 150-250 words, depending on the guidelines provided by the target journal or conference.4. Use Clear and Straightforward Language: Abstracts should be written using clear and straightforward language. Avoid unnecessary jargon or technical terms that may confuse the readers. Instead, use terminology that is easily understandable to a broad audience. Remember that the purpose of an abstract is to present your work to a wider audience, including non-specialists.5. Highlight Key Points: Since abstracts serve as a summary, it is important to highlight the key points of your work. These are usually the main objectives, methods, major findings, and significant conclusions. By emphasizing these key elements, readers can get a clear idea of your research without going through the entire paper.6. Be Accurate and Objective: When writing an abstract, it is crucial to be accurate and objective. Avoid making exaggerated claims or overgeneralizations about your findings. Stick to the facts and provide a fair representation of your research. This will help establish credibility and trust among the readers.7. Avoid Citations and References: Abstracts should not include citations or references to other papers or sources. It is not the place to provide a detailed literature review. Instead, focus on summarizing your own work without external references.8. Proofread and Edit: Like any other piece of writing, abstracts should be proofread and edited to ensure clarity and correctness. Pay attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Ensure that the abstract reads smoothly and provides a coherent summary of your study.9. Revise for Different Platforms: If you plan to submit your work to multiple journals or conferences, it is important to revise your abstract accordingly. Each target platform may have different requirements, such as word limits or specific sections to include. Tailor your abstract to meet these requirements, ensuring that it optimally represents your research for each platform.10. Seek feedback: Lastly, it is always beneficial to seek feedback from colleagues, mentors, or writing professionals. They can provide valuable insights and suggestions for improving your abstract. Incorporate their feedback to enhance the quality and impact of your abstract.In conclusion, writing an abstract requires careful consideration and attention to detail. By following these tips, you can effectively summarize your research and engage readers, ultimately increasing the visibility and impact of your work.11. Customize for Different Disciplines: It is important to keep in mind that abstracts may vary across different disciplines. Depending on the field of study, different aspects may be prioritized. For example, in scientific research, the methods and results sections may be more emphasized, while in humanities research, the theoretical framework and analysis may be more prominent. Therefore, it is crucial to tailor your abstract to the specific requirements and conventions of your discipline.12. State the Problem or Research Question: Start your abstract by clearly stating the problem or research question your study addresses. This helps readers understand the purpose and relevanceof your work. Be brief but specific in describing the issue you are investigating.13. Provide Context: In addition to stating the problem, it is important to provide some context for your study. This can include a brief background or literature review to explain the significance of the research. However, be cautious not to make the abstract too lengthy or to include excessive details. Focus on the key aspects that are directly relevant to your study.14. Summarize the Methodology: Briefly describe the methodology or approach used in your study. This includes the research design, data collection methods, and any analytical techniques employed. Highlight the key steps or procedures that are crucial for understanding your findings.15. Summarize the Results: Outline the main findings or results of your study. Be concise and specific, avoiding ambiguous or vague statements. If possible, use quantitative or qualitative data to support your conclusions. It is important to convey the most significant findings in a clear and understandable manner.16. Emphasize Novelty or Contribution: If your study has a unique or innovative aspect, make sure to highlight it in the abstract. This could be a novel methodology, a new theoretical framework, or a significant contribution to the existing literature. By emphasizing the novelty of your work, you can attract the attention of readers and make your abstract stand out.17. State the Implications and Conclusions: Conclude your abstractby summarizing the implications and conclusions of your study. Explain how your findings contribute to the existing knowledge, theory, or practice in your field. If applicable, mention any limitations or caveats of your study. By providing a clear and realistic assessment of your work, you can demonstrate its importance and practical implications.18. Include Keywords: Many journals and conferences require authors to include a list of keywords in their abstracts. Keywords are specific terms or phrases that represent the main topics or themes of your research. They help search engines and researchers find your work more easily. Choose keywords that accurately reflect the content and scope of your study.19. Pay Attention to Formatting and Style: When writing an abstract, it is important to adhere to the specific formatting and style guidelines of your target journal or conference. This includes font size, word limits, and citation styles, among others. Ensure that your abstract is properly formatted and meets all the requirements to avoid potential rejection or issues during the submission process.20. Keep Revising and Improving: Abstract writing is an iterative process. It is rare to have a perfect abstract in the first draft. Continuously revise and refine your abstract to make it more compelling and impactful. Seek feedback from colleagues, mentors, or experts in your field. Incorporate their suggestions and polish your abstract to enhance its quality and effectiveness.Writing an abstract is a skill that improves with practice. Byfollowing these tips and continually honing your abstract writing abilities, you can effectively communicate the essence of your research and increase its visibility and impact in your field. Keep in mind that abstracts play a crucial role in attracting readers' attention, so invest time and effort into crafting a clear, concise, and engaging abstract that accurately represents your work.。

英文摘要书写技巧

英文摘要书写技巧【摘要】Abstract:Introduction:This article will provide insights into the key techniques for writing an effective abstract in English academic writing.【关键词】关键词：英文摘要、书写技巧、引言、关键词选择、清晰表达、简洁表达、缩写、句子结构、语法错误、拼写错误、结论、摘要技巧1. 引言1.1 IntroductionIn this article, we will discuss some key techniques for writing an abstract in English. We will cover important aspects such as selecting appropriate keywords, expressing ideas clearly and concisely, using abbreviations judiciously, avoiding long and complex sentence structures, and ensuring proper grammar and spelling. By following these tips, researchers and scholars can improve the quality of their abstracts and increase the chances of their work being noticed and cited by others in their field.2. 正文2.1 关键词的选择Try to use a mix of broad and specific terms to capture the breadth and depth of your research. Avoid using overly technical jargon that may not be familiar to a wider audience. Additionally, make sure to include synonyms and related terms to increase the chances of your abstract showing up in different search queries.2.2 清晰和简洁的表达One way to achieve clarity and conciseness in your abstract is to use simple and direct language. Avoid using overly technical terminology or jargon that may be unfamiliar to your audience. Instead, choose words that are commonly understood and accurately convey your meaning.2.3 适当使用缩写1. Define abbreviations when they are first used: When you introduce an abbreviation in your abstract, be sure to spell out the full term followed by the abbreviation in parentheses. For example, "The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends..."2.4 避免冗长和复杂的句子结构Another tip is to break up long sentences into shorter, more manageable chunks. This can help to improve the flow of the abstract and make it easier for readers to follow along. Additionally, using bullet points or lists can help to organize information in a clear and concise manner.2.5 注意语法和拼写错误When writing an English abstract, it is crucial to pay attention to grammar and spelling errors. These mistakes can greatly impact the overall quality and professionalism of your abstract. Here are some tips to help you avoid these errors:3. 结论3.1 SummaryIn summary, mastering the skills of writing an effective English abstract is crucial for researchers and academics. By carefully selecting appropriate keywords, expressing ideas clearly and concisely, using abbreviations judiciously, avoiding long and complex sentence structures, and paying attention to grammar and spelling errors, authors can ensure that their abstracts are informative, engaging, and easily understood by a wide audience. A well-written abstract can significantly enhance the visibility and impact of a research paper, attracting morereaders and increasing the likelihood of citations. Therefore, it is important for writers to practice and refine their abstract writing skills, with a focus on clarity, precision, and accuracy. By following the tips and guidelines outlined in this article, authors can improve the quality of their abstracts and increase the chances of their research being recognized and appreciated in the academic community.3.2 ConclusionIn conclusion, writing a concise and effective abstract requires careful consideration of key elements such as keyword selection, clarity and brevity of expression, appropriate use of abbreviations, avoidance of lengthy and complex sentence structures, and attention to grammar and spelling errors. By following these tips, researchers can craft abstracts that effectively summarize their work and attract the attention of readers. Ultimately, a well-written abstract can enhance the visibility and impact of a research study, making it more likely to be read and cited by others in the field. Researchers should therefore devote time and effort to honing their abstract writing skills in order to effectively communicate the significance of their work and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.。