Stomach Epidermis Tumor Cell Matching Based on SIFT

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《2023年急性非静脉曲张性下消化道出血指南》正式公开英文版

《2023年急性非静脉曲张性下消化道出血指南》正式公开英文版

《2023年急性非静脉曲张性下消化道出血指南》正式公开英文版2023 Acute Non-Variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Guidelines Official ReleaseIntroductionAcute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. These guidelines aim to provide healthcare professionals with updated recommendations for managing this condition effectively.DiagnosisInitial assessment includes a thorough medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis and should be performed within 24 hours of presentation. Risk stratification tools such as the Rockall or Blatchford score can help guide management decisions.TreatmentInitial resuscitation with intravenous fluids and blood products is crucial to stabilize the patient. Proton pump inhibitors should be initiated early to reduce acid secretion and promote ulcer healing. Endoscopic therapy, including injection sclerotherapy or thermal coagulation, may be necessary to control active bleeding. Surgery or interventional radiology should be considered in cases of refractory bleeding.Monitoring and Follow-UpPatients should be closely monitored for signs of rebleeding, such as a drop in hemoglobin levels or hematemesis. Repeat endoscopy may be necessary to assess the effectiveness of initial treatment. Long-term management should focus on preventing recurrent bleeding through lifestyle modifications and medication adherence.ConclusionThese guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the management of acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Healthcare professionals should familiarize themselves with theseguidelines to ensure optimal outcomes for patients presenting with this condition.For more detailed information and specific recommendations, please refer to the complete guidelines document. Thank you for your attention to this important topic.。

tumor maker

tumor maker


SCC是最早用于诊断鳞癌的肿瘤标志物,其 中子宫颈癌阳性率较高。
肺鳞癌 39%~78%
头颈部癌 34%~78%
食道癌 30%~39% SCC阳性率
子宫颈癌 45%~83%
蛋白类标记物
前列腺特异性抗原(PSA) 游离PSA(f-PSA) 铁蛋白( Ferritin,SF或Fer) β2微球蛋白(β2-microglobulin,β2-MG)

PSA


PSA对前列腺癌具有高度的特异性,PSA测定对包 膜内癌的敏感性为70%、转移癌为100% 前列腺肥大、前列腺息肉、前列腺炎时PSA也可 轻度升高 f-PSA和t-PSA的比例具有重要的诊断价值。血清 中f-PSA/t-PSA比值为0.15可作为前列腺肥大和前 列腺癌的鉴别临界点,比值<0.15时前列腺癌的可 能性较大。临床上常用血清中f-PSA/t-PSA的比值 来鉴别良、恶性前列腺肿瘤 临床分期和预后的判断 监测前列腺癌的复发
用 途

肿瘤的早期发现
肿瘤筛查 肿瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断与分期 肿瘤疗效的检测
肿瘤复发的指标
肿瘤的预后判断
按肿瘤标记物本身的性质分类

胚胎抗原
蛋白类标记物 糖类标记物


酶类标记物
激素类标记物


基因类标记物
其他肿瘤标记物
胚胎抗原

癌胚抗原(CEA)
carcinoembryonic antigen
常见癌症的多肿瘤标志物检测组合 (二)

癌症名称 卵巢癌 外阴和阴道癌 子宫颈癌 子宫内膜癌 前列腺癌 睾丸癌 可疑癌症
肿瘤标志物组合 CA-125、CEA 、AFP SCC、CEA SCC、CEA、CYFRA21-1 CA-125、CEA fPSA、PSA -HCG、AFP 肿瘤标志物全套

骨肿瘤十四大分类

骨肿瘤十四大分类

五、造血系统肿瘤(Haematopoietic neoplasm)

(1)恶性 (Malignant) 1.1、浆细胞骨髓瘤(Plasma cell myeloma) 1.2、(骨的)孤立性浆细胞瘤(Solitary plasmacytoma of bone) 1.3、(骨的)原发性非霍奇金淋巴瘤(Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of bone)

(1)良性 (Benign) 1.1、单纯性骨囊肿(Simple bone cyst) 1.2、纤维结构不良【纤维异常增值症】(Fibrous dysplasia) 1.3、骨的纤维结构不良(Osteofibrous dysplasia) 1.4、软骨间叶性错构瘤(Chondromesenchymal hamartoma)

此病好发于关节,尤以膝、髋、肘、肩关节多见,掌指和指间关节滑囊及腱鞘偶有发生,多为单侧发病
十四、肿瘤综合征(Tumor syndromes)

1、Bechwith-Wiedmann 综合征(Bechwith-wiedemann syndrome) 2、家族性巨颌症(Cherubism) 3、内生软骨瘤病(Enchondromatosis) 3.1、Ollier病(Ollier disease) 3.2、Maffucci病(Maffucci syndrome)
二、骨源性肿瘤(Osteogenic tumors)

(1)良性 (Benign) 1.1、骨瘤(Osteoma) 1.2、骨样骨瘤(Osteoid osteoma) (2)中间型-局部侵袭型(Intermediate) 2.1、骨母细胞瘤(Osteoblastoma)

gastrointestina terminologyl医学英语

gastrointestina terminologyl医学英语

History of present illness
On May 19, 2008 she had an episode of severe epigastric pain after drinking water, then she went to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University. There, the plain abdominal radiograph showed "obvious gas accumulation in bowels", abdominal CT showed "significant dilation of right colon, stricture in the middle of transverse colon is considered”. He was given antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory agent. The symptoms were partially relieved and she was discharged.
Teeth Dent/o --- dentist Odont/o --- orthodontist Gum Gingiv/o --- gingivitis Esophagus Esophag/o --- esophagoscope Stomach Gastr/o --- gastroscopy Pharynx Pharyng/o --- pharyngitis Pylorus Pylor/o --- pylorotomy

Through Dia- — diarrhea Bad,painful Dys- — dystrophy Excessive Hyper- --- hyperemesis Around Perianal Under, below Sublingual

与肠道屏障损伤有关的细胞试验指标

与肠道屏障损伤有关的细胞试验指标

一、背景介绍肠道屏障是由肠黏膜的上皮细胞和黏膜下层结缔组织构成的,它具有阻止有害物质进入体内、维持肠道内稳定微环境的功能。

当肠道屏障功能受损时,可能导致肠道菌裙失调、慢性炎症、自身免疫性疾病等疾病的发生。

研究肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标对于预防和治疗相关疾病具有重要意义。

二、肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标1. 紧密连接蛋白(tight junction protein):紧密连接蛋白是肠道上皮细胞之间重要的黏附蛋白,能够维持肠黏膜屏障的完整性。

研究表明,一些疾病状态下紧密连接蛋白的表达受到影响,导致肠道屏障功能受损。

2. 上皮细胞脱离和凋亡(epithelial cell shedding and apoptosis):肠道上皮细胞的脱离和凋亡是肠道屏障损伤的重要标志,一些炎症因子和细菌毒素能够诱导上皮细胞脱离和凋亡,从而损害肠道屏障功能。

3. 粘膜免疫和炎症因子(mucosal immunity and inflammatory cytokines):肠道黏膜免疫系统是维护肠道屏障稳定的重要组成部分,炎症因子的异常分泌可能导致肠道屏障功能受损。

4. 黏膜屏障通透性(mucosal barrier permeability):肠道屏障通透性的增加是肠道屏障功能受损的主要特征之一,通过测量黏膜屏障通透性指标可以评估肠道屏障的健康状况。

5. 肠道菌裙失调(intestinal dysbiosis):肠道屏障的健康与肠道微生态的平衡密切相关,一些研究表明肠道菌裙失调会导致肠道屏障功能受损。

三、肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标与临床意义1. 早期预警和诊断:通过测量肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标,可以及早发现肠道屏障的损伤,为相关疾病的早期预警和诊断提供重要依据。

2. 治疗策略制定:了解肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标可以为相关疾病的治疗策略制定提供依据,例如针对上述指标的调节可能成为治疗策略的重要环节。

3. 新药研发:肠道屏障损伤的细胞试验指标可作为新药研发的重要参考,验证新药对肠道屏障功能的影响。

组织学与胚胎学中英文对照

组织学与胚胎学中英文对照

英文对照第二章上皮组织上皮组织:epithelial tissue 简称上皮:epithelial极性:polarity被覆上皮:covering epithelium 腺上皮:glandular epithelium单层扁平上皮:simple squamous epithelium内皮:endothelium 间皮:mesothelium单层立方上皮:simple cuboidal epithelium单层柱状上皮:simple columnar epithelium黏原颗粒:mucinogen granule假复层纤毛柱状上皮:pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium 复层扁平上皮:stratified squamous epithelium复层柱状上皮:stratified columnar epithelium变移上皮:transitional epithelium 导管:duct外分泌腺:exocrine gland 内分泌腺:endocrine gland腺泡:acinus 酶原颗粒:zymogen granule黏液性细胞:mucous cell 浆液性细胞:serous cell微绒毛:microvillus 纹状缘:striated border终末网:terminal web 纤毛:cilium动力蛋白:dynein 基体:basal body细胞连接:cell junction 紧密连接:tight junction黏合带:adhesion belt 钙黏蛋白:cadherin锚定蛋白:anchor protein 桥粒:desmosome桥粒斑:desmosomal plaque 缝隙连接:gap junction(又称通讯连接:communication junction)连接蛋白:connexon 连接复合体:junctional complex基膜:basement membrane 基板:basal lamina网板:reticular lamina 致密层:lamina densa质膜内褶:plasma membrane infolding 半桥粒:hemidesmosome第三章结缔组织结缔组织:connective tissue 间充质:mesenchyme间充质细胞:mesenchymal cell 疏松结缔组织:loose connective tissue纤维细胞:fibrocyte 巨噬细胞:macrophage(又称组织细胞:histocyte)趋化性:chemotaxis 趋化因子:chemotactic factor吞噬作用:phagocytosis 多核巨噬细胞:multinuclear giant cell抗原:antigen 抗原呈递细胞:antigen presenting cell溶菌酶:lysozyme 补体:complement白介素1:interleukin-1 浆细胞:plasma cell免疫球蛋白:immunoglobulin 抗体:antibody肥大细胞:mast cell 组胺:histamine白三烯:leukotriene 肝素:heparin脂肪细胞:adipocyte、fat cell 白细胞:leukocyte胶原纤维:collagen fiber 胶原原纤维:collagen fibril 弹性纤维:elastic fiber 弹性蛋白:elastin微原纤维:microfibril 原纤维蛋白:fibrillin网状纤维:reticular fiber 基质:ground substance蛋白聚糖:proteoglycan 氨基聚糖:glycosaminoglycan纤维粘连蛋白:fibronectin 组织液:tissue fluid致密结缔组织:dense connective tissue 键细胞:tenocyte 不规则致密结缔组织:dense irregular connective tissue 脂肪组织:adipose tissue第四章血液血液:blood 淋巴:lymph红细胞:erythrocyte (red blood cell) 血红蛋白:hemoglobin,Hb 血影蛋白:spectrin 溶血:hemolysis血影:erythrocyte ghost 网织红细胞:reticulocyte白细胞:leukocyte (white blood cell) 中心粒细胞:neutrophil嗜天青颗粒:azurophilic granule 吞噬素:phagocytin(又称防御素:defensin) 嗜碱性颗粒:basophil 嗜酸性颗粒:eosinophil单核细胞:monocyte 淋巴细胞:lymphocyte胸腺依赖淋巴细胞:thymus dependent lymphocyte骨髓依赖淋巴细胞:bone marrow dependent lymphocyte自然杀伤细胞:nature killer cell 血小板:blood platelet血小板源性生长因子:platelet derived growth factor , PDGF凝血酶敏感蛋白:thrombospondin第五章软骨和骨软骨:cartilage 软骨组织:cartilage tissue骨祖细胞:osteoprogenitor cell 成软骨细胞:chondroblast软骨细胞:chondrocyte 软骨陷窝:cartilage lacunae同源细胞群:isogenous group 软骨基质:cartilage matrix软骨囊:cartilage capsule 软骨膜:perichondrium透明软骨:hyaline cartilage 弹性软骨:elastic cartilage纤维软骨:fibrous cartilage 骨组织:osseous tissue骨基质:bone matrix 骨盐:bone salt羟基磷灰石结晶:hydroxyapatite crystal类骨质:osteoid 编织骨:woven bone板层骨:lamellar bone 骨板:bone lamella密质骨:compact bone 松质骨:spongy bone成骨细胞:osteoblast 基质小泡:matrix vesicle骨被覆细胞:bone lining cell 破骨细胞:osteoclast穿通管:perforating canal 环骨板:circumferential lamellae 哈弗斯系统:Haversian system 骨单位:osteon中央管:central canal 间骨板:interstitial lamellae黏合线:cement line 骨外膜:periosteum骨内膜:endosteum 滑膜:synovial membrane滑膜细胞:synovial cell 关节腔:articular cavity滑液:synovial fluid。

结直肠癌相关英文词汇

结直肠癌相关英文词汇
94.an appropriate margin of tumor-free bowel (留有)适当距离无瘤的肠管
83.The goal of treatment depends on the stage of disease 治疗目标由疾病的分期决定
84.Stages I, II, and III are potentially curable I、II、III 期病人是潜在可治愈的人群
85.the intent is to eradicate micrometastatic disease. 治疗的目标是根除微转移
86.Twenty to thirty percent of patients with metastatic disease may be cured if their metastases are resectable 如果转移灶可切除的话,20%-30%肿瘤转 移的病人可获得治愈。
63.identifying metastatic or recurrent disease in patients with rising CEA levels CEA 持续升高的患者,确定是否存在转移 或复发
64.Stage of colorectal cancer should be determined at diagnosis 结直肠癌确诊时应做分期检查
28.average-risk individuals 中风险人群
43.personal and family history 个人史和家族史
29.annual occult fecal blood testing 粪便隐血检查
44.physical examination 体格检查
30.Signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer 结直肠癌的体征和症状

医学英语消化系统疾病总结

医学英语消化系统疾病总结

医学英语消化系统疾病总结English Answer:Gastrointestinal Disorders.Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are a group ofconditions that affect the digestive system, which is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients. These disorders can range from minor and self-limiting to severe and life-threatening.Common GI Disorders.Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Acid from the stomach flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburnand inflammation.Peptic ulcer disease: Sores develop in the lining ofthe stomach or duodenum (first part of the small intestine).Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): A chronic condition that causes inflammation and damage to the digestive tract. Types of IBD include Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): A common functional GI disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea or constipation.Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder in which the body reacts to gluten, a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, by damaging the small intestine.Diverticular disease: Small pouches (diverticula) form in the colon, which can become inflamed or infected.Colorectal cancer: A cancer that starts in the colonor rectum.Symptoms of GI Disorders.The symptoms of GI disorders vary depending on the specific condition, but some common symptoms include:Abdominal pain.Diarrhea.Constipation.Bloating.Nausea.Vomiting.Heartburn.Indigestion.Weight loss.Fatigue.Diagnosis and Treatment of GI Disorders.The diagnosis of GI disorders typically involves a physical exam, medical history, and diagnostic tests such as endoscopy, colonoscopy, or imaging studies. Treatment depends on the specific disorder and may include medications, lifestyle changes, or surgery.Prevention of GI Disorders.Some GI disorders, such as colorectal cancer, can be prevented or reduced in risk by:Maintaining a healthy diet.Exercising regularly.Avoiding smoking.Limiting alcohol consumption.Getting vaccinated against certain infections.中文回答:消化系统疾病概述。

TCGA癌症缩写、癌症中英文对照

TCGA癌症缩写、癌症中英文对照

TCGA癌症缩写、癌症中英⽂对照Cohort英⽂名称中⽂名称ACC Adrenocortical carcinoma肾上腺⽪质癌BLCA Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma膀胱尿路上⽪癌BRCA Breast invasive carcinoma乳腺浸润癌CESC Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma宫颈鳞癌和腺癌CHOL Cholangiocarcinoma胆管癌COAD Colon adenocarcinoma结肠癌COADREAD Colon adenocarcinoma/Rectum adenocarcinoma Esophageal carcinoma结直肠癌DLBC Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma弥漫性⼤B细胞淋巴瘤ESCA Esophageal carcinoma⾷管癌FPPP FFPE Pilot Phase II FFPE试点⼆期GBM Glioblastoma multiforme多形成性胶质细胞瘤GBMLGG Glioma胶质瘤HNSC Head and Neck squamous cell carcinoma头颈鳞状细胞癌KICH Kidney Chromophobe肾嫌⾊细胞癌KIPAN Pan-kidney cohort (KICH+KIRC+KIRP)混合肾癌KIRC Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma肾透明细胞癌KIRP Kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma肾乳头状细胞癌LAML Acute Myeloid Leukemia急性髓细胞样⽩⾎病LGG Brain Lower Grade Glioma脑低级别胶质瘤LIHC Liver hepatocellular carcinoma肝细胞肝癌LUAD Lung adenocarcinoma肺腺癌LUSC Lung squamous cell carcinoma肺鳞癌MESO Mesothelioma间⽪瘤OV Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma卵巢浆液性囊腺癌PAAD Pancreatic adenocarcinoma胰腺癌PCPG Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma嗜铬细胞瘤和副神经节瘤PRAD Prostate adenocarcinoma前列腺癌READ Rectum adenocarcinoma直肠腺癌SARC Sarcoma⾁瘤SKCM Skin Cutaneous Melanoma⽪肤⿊⾊素瘤STAD Stomach adenocarcinoma胃癌STES Stomach and Esophageal carcinoma胃和⾷管癌TGCT Testicular Germ Cell Tumors睾丸癌THCA Thyroid carcinoma甲状腺癌THYM Thymoma胸腺癌UCEC Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma⼦宫内膜癌UCS Uterine Carcinosarcoma⼦宫⾁瘤UVM Uveal Melanoma葡萄膜⿊⾊素瘤。

最新妇产科卵巢囊肿-PPT文档

最新妇产科卵巢囊肿-PPT文档

妊娠合并卵巢肿瘤
4. 处理
早妊:孕3月后手术为宜 中妊:孕14-16W施术,术后保胎 晚妊:等待至足月
剖宫产同时切除肿瘤 产后手术
计划生育
Family Planning 妇产科教研室
于冰
工具避孕法
1.宫内节育器 (IUD intrautrine device)
2.避孕套(阴茎套)
宫内节育器
种类
放置方法 注意事项
宫内节育器
IUD取出术
1.适应症 2.取器时间:月经干净后3-7天 3.方法
IUD副作用及并发症
1.副作用 子宫出血 腰酸腹坠 白带增多
2.并发症 子宫穿孔、节育器异位 感染 节育器嵌顿
IUD脱落与带器妊娠
1. 脱落 2. 带器妊娠
IUD位置下移 IUD与内膜接触面积不够
药物避孕
诊断
1. 病史及临床表现 2. 腹部检查 3. 妇科检查 4. 辅助检查:(1)超声检查
(2)细胞学检查 (3)放射学检查 (4)腹腔镜检查 (5)肿瘤标志物:CA125、AFP、HCG、性激素
鉴别诊断
(1)卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别 (2)卵巢良性肿瘤的鉴别诊断
1.卵巢瘤样病变 2.输卵管卵巢囊肿 3.子宫肌瘤 4. 妊娠子宫 5.充盈膀胱 6.腹水
人工流产术
适应症:(1)因避孕失败要求终止妊娠者 (2)因各种疾病不宜继续妊娠者
禁忌症:
(1)各种疾病的急性期或严重全身性疾患 (2)生殖器官急性炎症 (3)妊娠剧吐酸中毒尚未纠正 (4)术前两次体温≥39℃
人工流产术
方法 1. 负压吸引术:孕10周以内 2. 钳刮术:孕11—14周
人工流产术
并发症
1. 蒂扭转 2. 破裂 3. 感染 4. 恶变

【课题申报】胃肠道肿瘤的分子标志物研究

【课题申报】胃肠道肿瘤的分子标志物研究

胃肠道肿瘤的分子标志物研究《胃肠道肿瘤的分子标志物研究》课题申报范文一、课题背景与意义胃肠道肿瘤是世界范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率逐年上升。

目前通过临床检查和组织病理学等方法可以诊断胃肠道肿瘤,但这些方法存在一定的局限性,如检测费用高昂、复查频率低、不能早期发现肿瘤等。

因此,寻找更为准确、敏感、可靠的分子标志物具有重要的临床意义。

近年来,随着生物学和分子生物学的飞速发展,通过研究胃肠道肿瘤发生发展的分子机制,发现了一系列与胃肠道肿瘤相关的分子标志物,如DNA甲基化、非编码RNA、肿瘤相关基因突变等。

这些分子标志物具有在早期诊断、疾病监测、预后评估和治疗监测等方面的巨大潜力。

本课题旨在利用生物芯片技术和分子生物学方法,系统地研究胃肠道肿瘤的分子标志物,为胃肠道肿瘤的早期诊断、精准治疗和效果评估提供新的方法和理论依据。

二、研究计划和内容1. 胃肠道肿瘤样本采集和分析采集一定数量的胃肠道肿瘤患者和正常对照组的组织和血液样本,并进行临床病理学分析,详细记录患者的临床特征,如年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤大小、分期等。

通过免疫组织化学和分子生物学技术,对样本中的组织和血液标本进行分析。

2. 肿瘤相关基因检测和分析利用生物芯片技术、PCR、测序等方法对选定的肿瘤相关基因进行检测和分析。

这包括DNA甲基化程度、非编码RNA如miRNA和lncRNA表达水平、肿瘤相关基因突变情况等。

通过比较胃肠道肿瘤组织与正常对照组的差异,找出与胃肠道肿瘤发生发展相关的分子标志物。

3. 分子标志物与胃肠道肿瘤的关联分析将获得的分子标志物数据与患者的临床特征数据进行关联分析,探讨各分子标志物与胃肠道肿瘤的临床病理特征(如分期、转移等)之间的关系。

通过筛选和建立多组学模型,为胃肠道肿瘤的早期诊断、预后评估和治疗监测提供新的方法和理论依据。

4. 构建分子标志物组合模型根据前期的研究结果,选择与胃肠道肿瘤发生发展紧密相关的分子标志物,建立组合模型,对胃肠道肿瘤进行快速、准确的诊断和评估。

EpiSC外胚层干细胞

EpiSC外胚层干细胞
这些异常的干细胞被命名为外胚层干细胞episcsepisc?当晚期外胚层从原肠形成前期的胚胎中分离出来并且在cdm中培养部分具有多功能干细胞全能特征s
EpiSC
• • • • • •
受精 卵裂 桑葚胚 囊胚 原肠胚 ……
• embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the inner cell mass(ICM) • epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) from the ICMderived epiblast
EpiSC
• 当晚期外胚层从原肠形成前期的胚胎中分离出来并且在 CDM中培养,部分具有多功能干细胞全能特征的细胞形 成。这些克隆后来被证明是通过oct4、nanog和SSEA1这 些多功能marker的表达来实现的。有趣的是,在LIF或者 BMP4的存在下外胚层细胞系是不能够衍生的。 • 这些新的胚胎干细胞也与胚胎生殖细胞有明显的区别。 EpiSCs不表达碱性磷酸酶的活性。从而能够证明这个细 胞的类型不是来源于原始生殖细胞。 • EpiSCs were also shown to undergo in vitro differentiation into all three lineages; endoderm,(内胚层) ectoderm(外胚层) and mesoderm(中胚层).
Thanks!!
• embryonic germ cells (EGCs) from primordial germ cells (PGCs)
EpiSC
• 胚胎干细胞在滋养层细胞培养条件下才能生长。孤立的内 细胞团细胞在人工合成培养基CDM中生长不会有多功能 细胞的增加。 • 但新的研究成果,证明小鼠的胚胎干细胞的自我更新、多 潜能性、组织分化的功能依赖于白血病抑制因子(LIF)和成 骨蛋白(BMP),。人类胚胎干细胞的多依赖activin/nodal和 纤维母细胞生长因子(FGF)。 • 小鼠胚胎中的晚期外胚层在含有激素的 CDM中却可以得 到多功能干细胞。这些异常的干细胞被命名为“外胚层 “干细胞(EpiSCs)

普外科常见病的英文

普外科常见病的英文

常见普外科疾病(surgical diseases)名称中英文对照•furuncle (carbuncle)[疖(痈)]•cellulitis (abscess)[蜂窝织炎(脓肿)]•lymphangitis (lymphadenitis)[淋巴管(结)炎]•paronychia[甲沟(周)炎]•subungual abscess[甲下脓肿]•tenosynovitis[腱鞘炎]•dry (moist,gas) gangrene[干(湿,气)性坏疽]•necrosis (ulcer)[坏死(溃疡)]•sinus (fistula)[窦道(瘘)]•wart (cyst)[疣(囊肿)]•fibroma (neurofibrom)[(神经)纤维瘤]•imperforatus (atresia)[闭锁]•stenosis[狭窄]•dipoma (hemangioma)[脂肪(血管)瘤]•nevus (melanoma)[黑痣(黑色素瘤)]•thyroglossal cyst [甲状舌骨囊肿]•tuberculosis of cervical lymph node[颈淋巴结结核]•thyroid adenoma (carcinoma)[甲状腺腺瘤(癌)]•nodular goiter[结节性甲状腺肿]•tracheo—esophageal fistula[气管-食管瘘]•esophageal atresia (cicatricial stricture of esophagus) [食管闭锁(疤痕性狭窄)]•esophageal adenoma (polyp,fibroma,leiomyoma)[食管腺瘤(息肉,纤维瘤,平滑肌瘤)]•carcinoma of esophagus[食管癌]•cyst of sebaceous gland[皮脂腺囊肿]•fibrosarcoma [纤维肉瘤]•adenoc arcinoma[腺癌]•direct (indirect) inguinal herina[腹股沟直(斜)疝]•femoral (umbilical,incisional, internal)hernia[股(脐,切口,腹内)疝]•acute (tuberculous) peritonitis[急性(结核性)腹膜炎]•subphrenic (pelvis) abscess[膈下(盆腔)脓肿]•retroperitoneal abscess(tumor)[后腹膜脓肿(肿瘤)]•abscess of iliac fossa[髂窝脓肿]•torsion of omentum [大网膜扭转]•gastric (duodenal) ulcer[胃(十二指肠)溃疡]•acute perforatio n (massive hemorrhage)[急性穿孔(大出血)]•pyloric obstruction[幽门梗阻]•polyp (adenoma, papilloma, carcinoma) of stomach[胃息肉(腺瘤,乳头状腺瘤,癌)]•gastric sarcoma[胃肉瘤]•acute dilatation of stomach [急性胃扩张]•ulcerative colitis [溃疡性结肠炎]•acute necrotizing enteritis [急性坏死性肠炎]•adhesive (ad ynamic, complete, incomplete, high ,low, mechanical,strangnlating, simple) obstruction of intestiine[粘连性(麻痹性,完全性,不完全性,高位,低位,机械性,狭窄性,单纯性)肠梗阻]•intussusception (volvulus)[肠套叠(扭转)]•mesenterin embolism (thrombosis)[肠系膜动脉栓塞(静脉血栓形成)]•duodental (gastric, small intestinal) diverticulum (diverticulitis)[十二指肠(胃、小肠)憩室(炎)]•prolapse of gastric mucosa[胃粘膜脱垂症]•benign (malignant) tumor of small intestine[小肠良(恶)性肿瘤]•carcinoid of small intestine[小肠类癌]•colic polyposis[结肠息肉病]•intestinal fistula[肠瘘]•actue simple (suppurative, gangrenous) appendicitis[急性单纯性(化脓性,坏疽性)阑尾炎]•congenital megacolon [先天性巨结肠]•anal fissure (fistula)[肛裂(瘘)]•perianal abscess[肛周脓肿]•cryptitis[隐窝炎]•external (internal) hemorrhoids[外(内)痔]•prolapse (polyp, carcinoma)of rectum[直肠脱垂(息肉,癌)]•Crohn`s disease[克隆病]•cavernous hemangioma(carcinoma) of liver[肝海绵状血管瘤(癌)]•portal hypertension[门脉高压]•acute (chronic) cholecystitis[急(慢)性胆囊炎]•cholelithiasis (choledocholithiasis)[胆囊(胆总管)结石]•stone in intrahepatic bile duct [肝内胆管结石]•acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis[急性梗阻性化脓性胆管炎]•ascariasis of the biliary t ract[胆道蛔症]•carcinoma of gallbladder (bile duct)[胆囊(胆管)癌]•acute (chronic) pancreatitis[急(慢)性胰腺炎]•ede matous (hemorrhagic necrotizing) pancreatitis[水肿性(出血坏死性)胰腺炎]•cyst (carcinoma) of pancreas[胰腺囊肿(癌)]•rupture of spleen[脾破裂]•abscess (cyst) of spleen[脾脓肿(囊肿)]•splenomegaly and hypersplenism[脾肿大和脾亢]•aneurysm[动脉瘤]•arteriovenous fistula[动静脉瘘]•varicose vein (lymphedema) of lower extremity[下肢静脉曲张(淋巴水肿)]•phlebothrombosis (thrombophlebitis)[静脉血栓形成(血栓性静脉炎)]•thromboangitis obliterans [血栓闭塞性脉管炎]•Raynaud disease[雷诺氏病]。

肿瘤科英语术语

肿瘤科英语术语

肿瘤科英语术语下面是店铺整理的一些关于肿瘤科的英语术语,以供大家学习参考。

SCID 严重复合免疫缺失症Cysticfibrosis 囊性纤维变性家族性脾性贫血 Gaucher's病Familialhypercholesterolemia 家族性胆固醇过多症HemophiIia 血友病Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency 嫖吟核苦酸磷酸酸缺乏症Alpha- Iantitrypsin deficiency a-抗甲状腺素缺乏症Fanconi sanemia Fanconi's贫血症Hunter'ssyndrome 亨特氏综合症adenocarcinoma 腺管上皮: 腺癌adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质: 肾上腺皮质癌American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging; AJCC 美国癌症分期联合委员会angiosarcoma 血管内皮: 血管肉瘤basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞: 基底细胞癌calcitonin 抑钙素carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA 癌胚抗原carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤Carcinoma in situ 原位癌catecholamine 儿茶酚胺chondrosarcoma 软骨: 软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma 胎盘上皮: 绒毛膜癌direct extension 直接蔓延dysgerminoma 恶性胚胎瘤Dysplasia 异生fetoprotein; AFP 胎蛋白fibrosarcoma 纤维组织: 纤维肉瘤FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 国际妇产科学联盟glioma 神经胶细胞: 神经胶细胞瘤hematogenous metastasis 血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma 肝细胞: 肝细胞癌histopathological grading 组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG 人类绒毛膜促性腺素immature teratoma 全能细胞: 未成熟畸胎瘤International Union against Cancer; UICC 国际防癌联盟Invasive carcinoma 侵袭癌leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌: 平滑肌肉瘤leukemia 造血细胞: 白血病liposarcoma 脂肪组织: 脂肪肉瘤lymphangiosarcoma 淋巴管内皮: 淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis 淋巴转移lymphoma 类淋巴组织: 淋巴瘤malignant melanoma 神经外胚层: 恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 脑膜: 恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma 间皮: 恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor 唾液腺: 恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma 神经鞘: 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma 肾上腺髓质: 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor 乳房: 恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤metastasis 远处转移Microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌mild dysplasia 轻度异生moderate dysplasia 中度异生moderately differentiated 中度分化myeloma 浆细胞: 骨髓瘤neuroblastoma 神经节细胞: 神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; NSE 神经特异性烯醇node 淋巴结oma 良性肿瘤osteosarcoma 硬骨: 骨肉瘤poorly differentiated 分化不良prostate-specific antigen; PSA 前列腺特异性抗原prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP 前列腺酸性磷酸renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮: 肾细胞癌rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌: 横纹肌肉瘤sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤seminoma 生殖细胞: 精细胞瘤severe dysplasia 重度异生squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮: 鳞状细胞癌stage 期别synovial sarcoma 滑膜: 滑膜肉瘤thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮: 胸腺癌transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮: 过渡细胞癌tumor marker 临床检验: 含肿瘤标记undifferentiated 未分化well differentiated 分化良好melanoma 癌症黑素瘤renaleelI 肾细胞癌ova-rian 卵巢癌neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤cerebroma 脑瘤lung cancer 肺癌hepatoma ;liver cancer 肝癌breast carcinoma 乳腺癌colon cancer 结肠癌prostatic csarcinoma 前列腺癌mesothelioma 间皮瘤leukemia 自细胞瘤lymphoma 淋巴肉瘤multiple myeIoma 多发性骨髓瘤。

TCGA解释说明文件

TCGA解释说明文件
day_of_form_completion days_to_birth days_to_death days_to_initial_pathologic_diagnosis days_to_last_followup drugs drugs-drug-bcr_drug_barcode drugs-drug-bcr_drug_uuid drugs-drug-clinical_trail_drug_classification drugs-drug-day_of_form_completion drugs-drug-days_to_drug_therapy_end drugs-drug-days_to_drug_therapy_start drugs-drug-drug_name drugs-drug-measure_of_response drugs-drug-month_of_form_completion drugs-drug-number_cycles drugs-drug-prescribed_dose drugs-drug-prescribed_dose_units drugs-drug-regimen_indication drugs-drug-regimen_indication_notes drugs-drug-regimen_number drugs-drug-route_of_administrations-route_of_administration drugs-drug-therapy_ongoing drugs-drug-therapy_types-therapy_type drugs-drug-therapy_types-therapy_type_notes drugs-drug-total_dose drugs-drug-total_dose_units drugs-drug-tx_on_clinical_trial drugs-drug-year_of_form_completion ethnicity family_history_of_stomach_cancer follow_ups follow_ups-follow_up-additional_pharmaceutical_therapy follow_ups-follow_up-additional_radiation_therapy follow_ups-follow_up-additional_surgery_locoregional_procedure follow_ups-follow_up-additional_surgery_metastatic_procedure follow_ups-follow_up-bcr_followup_barcode follow_ups-follow_up-bcr_followup_uuid follow_ups-follow_up-day_of_form_completion follow_ups-follow_up-days_to_additional_surgery_locoregional_procedure follow_ups-follow_up-days_to_additional_surgery_metastatic_procedure follow_ups-follow_up-days_to_death

结直肠必背英文

结直肠必背英文

1.rectum n.直肠paroscope n. [医]腹腔镜3.Post-operation 术后4.anterior adj. 前面的;先前的5.resection n. [外科] 切除术6.abdominal adj. 腹部的;7.perineal adj. 会阴的8.Total mesorectal 全直肠系膜9.selective or partial mesorectal 部分直肠系膜切除10.Low rectal cancer 低位直肠癌11.excision n. 切除12.colon n. [解剖] 结肠13.adenocarcinoma n. [肿瘤] 腺癌;恶性腺瘤14.adenoma n. [肿瘤] 腺瘤15.benign tumor 良性瘤16.Malignant tumor 恶性肿瘤;恶瘤17.Carcinoma n. [肿瘤] 癌18.carcinoma in situ [肿瘤] 原位癌19.intraepithelial neoplasia 上皮内瘤样病变20.Metastasis n.转移21.metastatic tumor 转移瘤22.papillary carcinoma [肿瘤] 乳头状癌23.Papilloma n. 刺瘤,乳突淋瘤24. transitional cell carcinoma 移行细胞癌25.carcinoid syndrome 类癌综合征26.colon sigmoideum 乙状结肠27.anal fistula 肛瘘28.hemorrhoid 痔29.fistulectomy 肛瘘切除术30.annulus hemorrhoids 环状痔31.polyps of colon and rectum 结、直肠息肉32.tubular adenoma 管状腺瘤33.villous adeoma绒毛状腺瘤34.tubulovillous adenoma 管状绒毛状腺瘤35.familial adenomatous polyposis FAP36.Peutz-Jeghers综合征色素沉着-息肉综合征37.abdominal injury 腹部损伤38.acute abdomen 急腹症39.acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎40.acute cholecystitis 急性胆囊炎41.acute gastrointestinal dysfunction 急性胃肠功能障碍42.acute hemorrhagic enteritis 急性出血性肠炎43.acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎44.acute perforation of gastroduodenal ulcer 急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔45.anal fissure 肛裂46.anesthesia 麻醉47.anuria 无尿48.appendectomy 阑尾切除术49.asepsis 无菌术50.blood transfusion 输血51.breast cancer 乳腺癌52.broncho-pulmonary carcinoma 支气管肺癌53.cardiac output 心排出量54.cholecystolithiasis 胆囊结石55.Crohn,disease 克罗恩病56.direct inguinal hernia 腹股沟直疝57.deep venous thrombosis 深静脉血栓形成58.external hemorrhoid 外痔59.fungal infection 真菌感染60.general anesthesia 全身麻醉61.hypocalcemia 低钙血症62.hypokalemia 低钾血症63.intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻64.intestinal obstruction due to adhesions 粘连性肠梗阻。

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