初三英语二轮专项训练(四)_8

初三英语二轮专项训练(四)阅读理解阅读理解是历年中考英语试题中主要题型，也是卷面分值最高的题型。

由于英语课程标准中规定初三学生除教材外，课外阅读量应累计达15万词以上，因此中考英语阅读理解越来越倾向于考查考生的整体理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑思维能力和扩展联想能力以及敏锐地获取信息的能力。

综观近几年中考英语试卷，阅读理解题一般有5篇短文，每篇短文的词汇量在250左右；体裁多以故事性文体、记叙文、说明文、应用文为主，但各地阅读体裁每年都有变化；题材多样，贴近学生生活实际，具有较强的时代气息和生活气息，信息含量大，可读性强，理解难度高，多包括科普知识、生活常识、西方文化、幽默故事、人物传记、新闻报道等。

阅读理解题型大致分为以下四种：1.单项选择型; 2.判断正误型; 3. 表格型阅读理解；４.短文改写填空型; 5. 回答问题型; 而单项选择型、判断正误型和回答问题型阅读题是中考的常考题型，也是同学们平时练习最多的题型；至于表格型阅读理解、短文改写填空型已经成为中考趋势。

（一）单项选择型阅读理解题中考的常考题型，也是同学们平时练习最多的题型，根据文章内容选择正确答案。

例: 阅读理解：根据内容选择正确答案。

If someone asks me: “Do you like music?” I’m sure I will answer him or her: “Of course, I do,” because I think music is an important part of our lives.Different people have different ideas about music. For me, I like rock music because it’s so exciting. And my favorite rock hand, the “Foxy Ladies”（酷妹）is one of the most famous rock bands in the world. I also like pop music. My classmate Li Lan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music （爵士乐）. She thinks jazz is really cool.“I like dance music and rock very much,” says my brother, “because they are amazing.”But my mother thinks rock is boring. “I like some relaxing（轻松的）music,” she says, That’s why she likes country music, I think. 1．The writer likes music because he thinks .A．it’s an exciting part of our lives B．it’s an amazing part of our livesC．it’s an important part of our lives2．What kind of music does the writer like?A．Rock and pop music. B．Rock and dance music. C．Jazz and country music.3．Who likes dancing?A．The writer. B．Li Lan. C．Jane.4．The writer’s mother thinks that country music is .A．amazing B．boring C．relaxing5．How many people’s ideas about music are talked about in this passage（短文）？A．4 B．5 C．6解析: 1题选C；首先浏览66题的题干和选项，判别各选项之间的差异，再根据第一段提供的信息，捕捉暗示句“because I think music is an important part of our lives.”中的关键词“important”，排除A、B选项，故选择C；2题选A；请先看67题的题干和选项，根据第二段中的暗示句“For me, I like rock music….”和“I also like pop music.”中的关键词“like rock music”和“also like pop music”，得知本题选择A；3题选B；先读题干和选项，带着问题去阅读短文，并捕捉暗示句“My classmate Li Lan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing.”中的“Li Lan”和“enjoys dancing”，可以得知选择B；4题选C；根据题干和选项，再根据短文的最后一段意思，捕捉暗示词“relaxing”和“country music”，可以断定此答案为C.5题选B；先读题干和选项，带着问题有目的地去阅读整个短文，并统计对音乐有不同看法的人，据统计有“the writer、his classmate,Li Lan、his best friend,Jane、his brother 和his mother ”总共5人，故选择B。

核对答案：1—5CABCB，根据题干和所选的答案进行有依据的复查，有目的地捕捉与答案有关的信息即关键词语和暗示词语，进一步证实答案的正确性。

（二）判断正误型的阅读理解例:根据短文内容，判断下列陈述内容的正误，Being safe at school and in your everyday life needs knowledge . If you remember the following information , your life will be much safer .①Always notice the environment around you . You shouldn’t walk alone outside . Make sure where the public phones are . If anything dangerous happens , you can find them quickly .②Don’t use earphones（耳机）when running in the schoolyard or on the street . You will keep yourself from the outside world and can be easily surprised .③School bags should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting them on your back . When buses are crowded , it is easy enough for thieves to steal the things in your bags on your back .④If you are followed by a stranger , cross the street and go in the other direction（方向）, let the stranger know that you know he or she is there . Next , go and get help from others if it is necessary . Don’t go home directly . You are safer on the street than you are in your home or in a lift .⑤If you have to take a bus to a place far away , try to get to the stop a few minutes before the buses leave . This prevents a stranger from studying you . On bus es , don’t sit alone , sit behind the driver or with friends . Don’t sleep .⑥Don’t play with matches（火柴）or candles , because it may cause fire . If your house catches fire and you have to escape through smoke , move on your hands and knees with your head 30 to 60 centimetres (厘米) above the floor . Please remember there is cleaner , cooler air near the floor during the fire .根据短文内容，判断下列陈述内容的正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。

（6分）（）1．If you find a stranger following you , go home right away .（）2．You’d better sit after the driver when you are alone to take a bus .（）3．It’s good for you to use earphones when you are running outside .（）4．You shouldn’t sleep all the way although it’s a long bus trip .（）5．During the fire , the cleaner and cooler air is far from the floor .（）6．When you escape from the house on fire , you should move on your hands and knees with your head 300 to 600 centimetres above the floor .解析: 1题F；本题所陈述内容中的“go home right away”与第④段内容中的“Don’t go home directly”有冲突，故是错误的；2题T；本题所陈述内容中的“sit after the driver”与第⑤段内容中的“On buses , don’t sit alone , sit behind the driver ….”是一致的，故是正确的；3题F；本题所陈述内容中的“It’s good for you to use earphones”与第②段内容中的“Don’t use earphones（耳机）when running ….”有冲突，故是错误的；4题T；本题所陈述内容中的“You shouldn’t sleep…”与第⑤段内容中的“On buses，… Don’t sleep .”是一致的，故是正确的；5题F；本题所陈述内容中的“…far from the floor .”与第⑥段内容中的“… near thefloor ….”有冲突，故是错误的；6题F；本题所陈述内容中的“…300 to 600 centimetres ….”与第⑥段内容中的“…30 to 60 centimetres….”有冲突，故是错误的；核对答案：1.F 2.T 3.F 4.T 5.F 6.F，根据各题所陈述的内容,有依据地进行复查，有目的地从短文中捕捉与所陈述内容有关的信息即关键词和暗示语，进一步证实陈述的内容正误。