2002专四语法与词汇
2002年度全国英语专业四级试题及答案(1)
Part ⅠWRITING [45 MIN.] SECTION A COMPOSITION Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy? Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic: THE BEST WAY TO STAY HEALTHY You are to write in three parts. In the first part, state what you think is the best way. In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons. In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks wil be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
专四词汇篇
英语专业四级核心的词汇(专四词汇2000个)absorb[əb'sɔ:b, -'zɔ:b]vt. 吸收;使专心abstract a. 抽象的n. 摘要的abundant a. 丰富的;大量的academic a. 学院的;学术的accelerate vt. (使)加快;促进accidental a. 偶然的;非本质的accent n. 口音,腔调;重音access n. 接近;通道,入口acceptance n. 接受,验收;承认accommodate vt. 容纳;供应,供给accommodation n. 招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt. 陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt. 达到(目的);完成accordance n. 一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad. 因此,所以;照着account n. 记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt. 积累vi. 堆积accuracy n. 准确(性);准确度accurate a. 准确的,正确无误的accuse vt. 指责;归咎于accustomed a. 惯常的;习惯的ache vi. 痛;想念n. 疼痛achieve vt. 完成,实现;达到achievement n. 完成;成就,成绩acid n. 酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n. 认识;了解;熟人acquire vt. 取得;获得;学到acre n. 英亩(=6.07亩)actual a. 实际的;现行的actually ad. 实际上;竟然adapt vt. 使适应;改编address n. 地址;演说;谈吐adequate a. 足够的;可以胜任的adjective n. 形容词a. 形容词的adjust vt. 调整,调节;校正administration n. 管理;管理部门admire vt. 钦佩,羡慕,赞赏admission n. 允许进入;承认admit vt. 承认;准许…进入adopt vt. 收养;采用;采取adult n. 成年人a. 成年的advance vi. 前进;提高n. 进展advanced a. 先进的;高级的advantage n. 优点,优势;好处adventure n. 冒险;惊险活动adverb n. 副词advertisement n. 广告;公告;登广告advisable n. 明智的;可取的advise vt. 劝告;建议;通知aeroplane n. 飞机affair n. 事情,事件;事务affect vt. 影响;感动affection n. 慈爱,爱;爱慕afford vt. 担负得起…;提供afterward ad. 后来,以后aggressive a. 侵略的;好斗的agreement n. 协定,协议;同意alcohol n. 酒精,乙醇alloy n. 合金;(金属的)成色alphabet n. 字母表,字母系统alternative n. 替换物;取舍,抉择altitude n. 高,高度;高处altogether ad. 完全;总而言之aluminium n. 铝ambulance n. 救护车;野战医院amuse vt. 逗…乐;给…娱乐ancestor n. 祖宗,祖先anchor n. 锚vi. 抛锚,停泊ancient a. 古代的,古老的angle n. 角,角度ankle n. 踝,踝节部announce vt. 宣布,宣告,发表annoy vt. 使恼怒;打搅ant n. 蚂蚁anticipate vt. 预料,预期,期望apartment n. 一套公寓房间apparatus n. 器械,仪器;器官apparent a. 表面上的;明显的appeal vi. &n. 呼吁;申述appear vi. 出现;来到;似乎appearance n. 出现,来到;外观appetite n. 食欲,胃口;欲望appliance n. 用具,器具,器械applicable a. 能应用的;适当的application n. 请求,申请;施用apply vt. 应用,实施,使用appoint vt. 任命,委任;约定appointment n. 任命;约定,约会appreciate vt. 欣赏;领会;感谢approach vt. 向…靠近n. 靠近appropriate a. 适当的,恰当的approval n. 赞成,同意;批准approve vt. 赞成,称许;批准approximate a. 近似的vt. 近似arbitrary a. 随心所欲的;专断的architecture n. 建筑学;建筑式样argument n. 争论,辩论;理由arise vi. 出现;由…引起arithmetic n. 算术,四则运算army n. 军队;陆军around prep. 在…周围arouse vt. 引起,唤起;唤醒arrange vt. 筹备;整理;调解arrangement n. 整理,排列;安排arrest vt. 逮捕,拘留;阻止arrival n. 到达;到来;到达者arrow n. 箭;箭状物article n. 文章;条款;物品artificial a. 人工的;娇揉造作的artistic a. 艺术的;艺术家的ash n. 灰,灰末;骨灰ashamed a. 惭愧(的);羞耻(的)aspect n. 方面;样子,外表assemble vt. 集合,召集;装配assembly n. 集合;集会;装配assess vt. 对(财产等)估价assign vt. 指派;分配;指定assignment n. 任务,指定的作业assist vt. 援助,帮助;搀扶assistant n. 助手,助理;助教assistance n. 协助,援助associate vi. 交往n. 伙伴,同事association n. 协会,团体;联合assume vt. 假定;承担;呈现assure vt. 使确信;向…保证astonish vt. 使惊讶,使吃惊astronaut n. 宇宙航行员,宇航员Atlantic a. 大西洋的n. 大西洋atmosphere n. 大气;空气;气氛atom n. 原子;微粒;微量atomic a. 原子的;原子能的attach vt. 缚,系,贴;附加attain vt. 达到,获得,完成attempt vt. 尝试,试图n. 企图attend vt. 出席;照顾,护理attract vt. 吸引;引起,诱惑attraction n. 吸引;吸引力;引力attractive a. 有吸引力的attribute vt. 把…归因于n. 属性audience n. 听众,观众,读者authority n. 当局,官方;权力auto n. (口语)汽车automatic a. 自动的;机械的automobile n. 汽车,机动车autumn n. 秋,秋季auxiliary a. 辅助的;附属的available a. 可利用的;通用的avenue n. 林荫道,道路;大街average n. 平均数a. 平均的await vt. 等候,期待awake a. 醒着的vt. 唤醒award n. 奖,奖品;判定aware a. 知道的,意识到的awful a. 令人不愉快的awkward a. 笨拙的;尴尬的ax n. 斧子backward a. 向后的;倒的ad. 倒bacteria n. 细菌baggage n. 行李bake vt. 烤,烘,焙;烧硬balance vt. 使平衡;称n. 天平balloon n. 气球,玩具气球band n. 乐队;带;波段bang n. 巨响,枪声;猛击barber n. 理发师bare a. 赤裸的;仅仅的bargain n. 交易vi. 议价;成交barrel n. 桶;圆筒;枪管barrier n. 栅栏,屏障;障碍basically ad. 基本上basis n. 基础,根据battery n. 电池;一套,一组bay n. 湾;山脉中的凹处beam n. 梁;横梁;束,柱bear n. 熊;粗鲁的人bear vt. 容忍;负担;生育beard n. 胡须,络腮胡子beast n. 兽,野兽;牲畜behalf n. 利益,维护,支持beneath prep. 在…下方beneficial a. 有利的,有益的bet vt. &vi. &n. 打赌Bible n. 基督教《圣经》billion num. 万亿(英)bind vt. 捆绑;包扎;装钉biology n. 生物学;生态学biscuit n. (英)饼干;(美)软饼bite vt. 咬,叮,螫;剌穿bitter a. 痛苦的;严寒的blackboard n. 黑板blade n. 刀刃,刀片;叶片blanket n. 毛毯,毯子,羊毛毯blast n. 爆炸,冲击波vt. 炸blend vt. &vi. &n. 混和block n. 街区vt. 堵塞,拦阻board n. 板vt. 上(船、车等) boast vi. 自夸vt. 吹嘘bold a. 大胆的;冒失的bolt n. 螺栓;插销vt. 闩门bomb n. 炸弹vt. 轰炸bond n. 联结,联系;公债bone n. 骨,骨骼boot n. 靴子,长统靴border n. 边,边缘;边界bother vt. 烦扰,迷惑n. 麻烦bottle n. 瓶,酒瓶;一瓶bottom n. 底,底部,根基bounce vi. 反跳,弹起;跳起bound a. 一定的;有义务的boundary n. 分界线,办界bow n. 弓;蝴蝶结;鞠躬brake n. 闸,刹车vi. 制动branch n. 树枝;分部;分科brass n. 黄铜;黄铜器brave a. 勇敢的,华丽的bread n. 面包;食物,粮食breadth n. 宽度,幅度;幅面break vt. 打破;损坏;破坏breast n. 乳房;胸脯,胸膛breed n. 品种vt. 使繁殖breeze n. 微风,和风brick n. 砖,砖块;砖状物bride n. 新娘brilliant a. 光辉的;卓越的British a. 不列颠的,英联邦的broad a. 宽的,阔的;广泛的broadcast n. 广播,播音brow n. 额;眉,眉毛brush n. 刷子,毛刷;画笔bubble n. 泡vi. 冒泡,沸腾bucket n. 水桶;吊桶;铲斗building n. 建筑物,大楼;建筑bulb n. 电灯泡;球状物bulk n. 物体,容积,大批bullet n. 枪弹,子弹,弹丸bundle n. 捆,包,束;包袱burden n. 担子,重担;装载量bureau n. 局,司,处;社,所burn vi. 烧,燃烧n. 烧伤burst vt. 使爆裂vi. &n. 爆炸bury vt. 埋葬,葬;埋藏bush n. 灌木,灌木丛,矮树button n. 扣子;按钮vt. 扣紧cabin n. 小屋;船舱,机舱cabinet n. 橱,柜;内阁cable n. 缆,索;电缆;电报cafe n. 咖啡馆;小餐厅calculate vt. 计算;估计;计划calculator n. 计算器,计算者calendar n. 日历,历书;历法calm a. 静的,平静的camel n. 骆驼camera n. 照相机,摄影机camp n. 野营,营地,兵营campaign n. 战役;运动campus n. 校园,学校场地can aux.v.能,会,可能can n. 罐头,听头;容器Canadian a. 加拿大的canal n. 运河;沟渠;管candidate n. 候选人;投考者candle n. 蜡烛;烛形物;烛光cap n. 帽子,便帽;帽状物capable a. 有能力的,有才能的capacity n. 容量;能力;能量capital n. 资本,资金;首都captain n. 陆军上尉;队长capture vt. 捕获,俘获;夺得carbon n. 碳cargo n. 船货,货物carpenter n. 木工,木匠carpet n. 地毯,毡毯,毛毯carriage n. 客车厢;四轮马车carrier n. 运输工具;运载工具cart n. 二轮运货马车case n. 情况;事实;病例cassette n. 盒式录音带;盒子cast vt. 投,扔,抛;浇铸castle n. 城堡;巨大建筑物casual a. 偶然的;随便的catalog n. 目录,目录册cease vi. &vi. &n. 停止,停息celebrate vt. 庆祝;歌颂,赞美cell n. 细胞;小房间cement n. 水泥;胶泥vt. 粘结cent n. 分;分币;百centimetre n. 公分,厘米ceremony n. 典礼,仪式;礼节certificate n. 证书,证件,执照chamber n. 会议室;房间;腔champion n. 冠军,得胜者chapter n. 章,回,篇characteristic a. 特有的n. 特性charge vt. 索价;控告n. 费用chart n. 图,图表;海图chase n. 追逐,追赶,追求cheap a. 廉价的;劣质的cheat vt. 骗取;哄vi. 行骗cheer vt. 使振作;欢呼cheerful a. 快乐的,愉快的cheese n. 乳酪,干酪chemical a. 化学的n. 化学制品chemist n. 化学家;药剂师cheque n. 支票chill vt. 使变冷n. 寒冷chimney n. 烟囱,烟筒;玻璃罩chin n. 颏,下巴chocolate n. 巧克力;巧克力糖choke vt. 使窒息;塞满chop vt. 砍,劈;切细vi. 砍Christian n. 基督教徒;信徒Christmas n. 圣诞节circuit n. 电路;环行;巡行circular a. 圆的;循环的circulate vt. 使循环vi. 循环circumference n. 圆周,周长,圆周线circumstance n. 情况,条件;境遇citizen n. 公民;市民,居民civilization n. 文明,文化;开化civilize vt. 使文明;教育classification n. 分类;分级;分类法classify vt. 把…分类claw n. 爪,脚爪,螯clay n. 粘土,泥土;肉体clue n. 线索,暗示,提示clumsy a. 笨拙的;愚笨的coach n. 长途公共汽车coal n. 煤,煤块coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的coast n. 海岸,海滨(地区)cock n. 公鸡;雄禽;旋塞code n. 准则;法典;代码coffee n. 咖啡,咖啡茶coil n. (一)卷;线圈vt. 卷collapse vi. 倒坍;崩溃,瓦解collar n. 衣领,项圈colleague n. 同事,同僚collection n. 搜集,收集;收藏品collective a. 集体的;集合性的collision n. 碰撞;冲突colony n. 殖民地;侨居地column n. 柱,支柱,圆柱comb n. 梳子vt. 梳理combination n. 结合,联合;化合command vt. 命令,指挥;控制commander n. 司令官,指挥员comment n. 评论,意见;注释commerce n. 商业,贸易;社交commercial a. 商业的;商品化的commission n. 委任状;委员会commit vt. 犯(错误);干(坏事)committee n. 委员会;全体委员community n. 社区;社会;公社companion n. 同伴;共事者;伴侣comparative a. 比较的,相对的comparison n. 比较,对照;比似compass n. 罗盘,指南针;圆规compel vt. 强迫,迫使屈服compete vi. 比赛;竞争;对抗competent a. 有能力的;应该做的competition n. 竞争,比赛complex a. 结合的;复杂的complicated a. 复杂的,难懂的component n. 组成部分;分;组件compose vt. 组成,构成;创作composition n. 构成;作品;写作compound n. 化合物;复合词comprehension n. 理解,理解力;领悟comprehensive a. 广泛的;理解的compress vt. 压紧,压缩comprise vt. 包含,包括;构成compromise n. 妥协,和解compute vt. 计算,估计,估算conceal vt. 把…隐藏起来concentrate vt. 集中;聚集;浓缩concentration n. 集中;专注;浓缩concept n. 概念,观念,设想concern n. 关心,挂念;关系concerning prep. 关于concert n. 音乐会,演奏会conclude vt. 推断出;结束conclusion n. 结论,推论;结尾concrete n. 混凝土;具体物condemn vt. 谴责,指责;判刑condense vt. 压缩,使缩短condition n. 状况,状态;环境conduct n. 举止,行为;指导conductor n. 售票员;(乐队)指挥conference n. 会议,讨论会confess vt. 供认,承认;坦白confine vt. 限制;禁闭confirm vt. 证实,肯定;批准conflict n. 争论;冲突;斗争confuse vt. 使混乱,混淆congratulate vt. 祝贺,向…道喜congress n. 大会;国会,议会conjunction n. 接合,连接;连接词conquer vt. 征服,战胜;破除conquest n. 攻取,征服;克服conscience n. 良心,道德心conscious a. 意识到的;有意的consciousness n. 意识,觉悟;知觉consent n. 同意,赞成vi. 同意consequence n. 结果,后果consequently ad. 因此,因而,所以conservation n. 保存,保护;守恒conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人considerable a. 相当大的;重要的considerate a. 考虑周到的;体谅的consideration n. 考虑,思考;体贴consist vi. 由…组成;在于consistent a. 坚持的,一贯的constant a. 经常的;永恒的constitute vt. 构成,组成,任命constitution n. 章程;体质;构造construct vt. 建造;建设;构筑construction n. 建造;建筑;建筑物consult vt. 请教,查阅consume vt. 消耗,消费;消灭consumption n. 消耗量;消耗contact vt. 使接触;与…联系contain vt. 包含,容纳;等于container n. 容器;集装箱contemporary a. 当代的,同时代的contempt n. 轻蔑;藐视;受辱content n. 内容,目录;容量content a. 满意的,满足的contest vt. 争夺,争取;辩驳continent n. 大陆;陆地;洲continual a. 不断的;连续的continue vt. 继续,连续;延伸continuous a. 连续不断的,持续的contract n. 契约,合同;婚约contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致;否认contrary a. 相反的n. 相反contribute vt. 捐献,捐助;投稿convenience n. 便利,方便;厕所convenient a. 便利的;近便的convention n. 习俗,惯例;公约conventional a. 普通的;习惯的conversation n. 会话,非正式会谈conversely ad. 相反地conversion n. 转变,转化;改变convert vt. 使转变;使改变convey vt. 传送;运送;传播convince vt. 使确信,使信服cooperate vi. 合作,协作;配合coordinate vt. 使协调,调节copper n. 铜;铜币,铜制器cord n. 细绳,粗线,索core n. 果实的心,核心corner n. 角;犄角;边远地区corporation n. 公司,企业;社团correspond vi. 相符合;相当corresponding a. 相应的;符合的corridor n. 走廊,回廊,通路costly a. 昂贵的;价值高的cottage n. 村舍,小屋cotton n. 棉;棉线;棉布cough vi. 咳,咳嗽n. 咳嗽council n. 理事会,委员会count vt. 计算vi. 数,计数counter n. 柜台;计数器county n. 英国的郡,美国的县crack n. 裂缝,裂纹vi. 爆裂craft n. 工艺;手艺,行业crane n. 起重机,摄影升降机crash vi. 碰撞,坠落n. 碰撞crawl vi. 爬,爬行cream n. 奶油,乳脂;奶油色creature n. 生物,动物,家畜credit n. 信用贷款;信用creep vi. 爬行;缓慢地行进crew n. 全体船员criminal n. 犯人,罪犯,刑事犯crisis n. 危机;存亡之际critic n. 批评家,爱挑剔的人critical a. 决定性的;批评的criticism n. 批评;批判;评论criticize vt. 批评;评论;非难crown n. 王冠,冕;花冠crude a. 简陋的;天然的cruel a. 残忍的,残酷的crush vt. 压碎,碾碎;镇压crust n. 面包皮;硬外皮crystal n. 水晶,结晶体;晶粒cube n. 立方形;立方cubic a. 立方形的;立方的cultivate vt. 耕;种植;培养cupboard n. 碗柜,碗碟橱;食橱cure vt. 医治;消除n. 治愈curiosity n. 好奇,好奇心;珍品current a. 当前的;通用的curse n. 诅咒,咒骂;天谴curtain n. 帘,窗帘;幕(布) curve n. 曲线;弯vt. 弄弯cushion n. 垫子,坐垫,靠垫customer n. 顾客,主顾cycle n自行车,循环dairy n. 牛奶场;乳制品dam n. 水坝,水堤;障碍物dare vt. &aux.v.敢;竟敢deal n. 买卖;待遇vt. 给予debate n. &vi. 争论,辩论decade n. 十年,十年期decay vi. 腐烂;衰败n. 腐烂deceive vt. 欺骗,蒙蔽,行骗decide vt. 决定,决心;解决deck n. 甲板;舱面;层面declare vt. 断言;声明;表明decorate vt. 装饰,装璜,修饰decrease vi. &n. 减少,减少deduce vt. 演绎,推论,推断deed n. 行为;功绩;契约defect n. 缺点,缺陷,欠缺definitely ad. 一定地,明确地definition n. 定义,释义;定界degree n. 程度;度;学位delicate a. 纤细的;易碎的delight n. 快乐vt. 使高兴deliver vt. 投递,送交;发表delivery n. 投递;交付;分娩demand vt. 要求;需要;询问democracy n. 民主,民主制democratic a. 民主的,民主政体的demonstrate vt. 说明;论证;表露dense a. 密集的;浓厚的density n. 密集,稠密;密度deny vt. 否定;拒绝相信depart vi. 离开,起程;出发department n. 部,司,局,处,系departure n. 离开,出发,起程dependent a. 依靠的,依赖的deposit vt. 使沉淀;存放depress vt. 使沮丧;按下depth n. 深度;深厚;深处derive vt. 取得vi. 起源descend vi. 下来,下降;下倾describe vt. 形容;描写,描绘description n. 描写,形容;种类desert n. 沙漠vt. 离弃;擅离deserve vt. 应受,值得design vt. 设计n. 设计;图样desirable a. 值得相望的;可取的desire vt. 相望;要求n. 愿望despair n. 绝望vi. 绝望desperate a. 拼死的;绝望的despite prep. 不管,不顾destination n. 目的地,终点;目标destruction n. 破坏,毁灭,消灭detail n. 细节;枝节;零件detect vt. 察觉,发觉;侦察detection n. 察觉,发觉;侦察determination n. 决心;决定;确定determine vt. 决定;查明;决心device n. 器械,装置;设计devil n. 魔鬼,恶魔devise vt. 设计,发明devote vt. 将…奉献,致力于diagram n. 图解,图表,简图dial n. 钟面;拨号盘vt. 拨dialect n. 方言,土语,地方话diameter n. 直径diamond n. 金钢石,钻石;菱形dictate vt. &vi. 口授;命令digital a. 数字的,计数的dim a. 昏暗的;朦胧的dimension n. 尺寸,尺度;面积dip vt. 浸,蘸vi. 浸一浸director n. 指导者;理事;导演dirt n. 尘,土;污物,污垢disadvantage n. 不利,不利地位disagree vi. 有分歧;不一致disappear vi. 不见,失踪;消失disappoint vt. 使失望,使受挫折disaster n. 灾难,灾祸;天灾disk n. 圆盘,唱片;磁盘disc n. 圆盘,唱片;磁盘discard vt. 丢弃,抛弃,遗弃discharge vt. 释放;排出n. 释放discipline n. 纪律;训练vt. 训练discourage vt. 使泄气,使灰心discover vt. 发现;暴露,显示discovery n. 发现;被发现的事物discussion n. 讨论,谈论;论述disgust n. 厌恶,憎恶dish n. 碟,盘子;菜肴dismiss vt. 不再考虑;解雇disorder n. 混乱,杂乱;骚乱display vt. 陈列,展览;显示disposal n. 丢掉,处理,销毁dispose vi. 去掉,丢掉;销毁dispute vi. 争论,争执n. 争论dissolve vt. 使溶解;解散distance n. 距离,间距;远处distant a. 在远处的,疏远的distinct a. 与其他不同的distinction n. 差别,不同,区分distress n. 忧虑,悲伤;不幸distribute vt. 分发,分送;分布distribution n. 分发,分配;分布district n. 区;地区,区域disturb vt. 打扰,扰乱;弄乱ditch n. 沟,沟渠,渠道dive vi. 跳水;潜水;俯冲diverse a. 不一样的,相异的divide vt. 分;分配;分开division n. 分,分配;除法document n. 公文,文件;证件domestic a. 本国的;家庭的donkey n. 驴;笨蛋dorm n. 宿舍dormitory n. 集体寝室;宿舍dose n. 剂量,用量;一剂dot n. 点,圆点vt. 打点于doubtful a. 难以预测的;怀疑的downstairs ad. 在楼下a. 楼下的draft n. 草稿;汇票vt. 起草drag vt. 拖,拉;拖曳drain vt. 排去;放水n. 耗竭drama n. 一出戏剧,剧本dramatic a. 引人注目的,戏剧的drawing n. 图画,素描;绘图drift vi. 漂流,漂泊n. 漂流drill n. 钻头;操练vi. 钻孔drip vi. 滴下;漏水n. 水滴drown vi. 淹死,溺死drum n. 鼓;鼓状物,圆桶due a. 预期的;应给的dull a. 枯燥的;不鲜明的dump vt. 倾卸,倾倒;倾销durable a. 耐久的,耐用的duration n. 持续,持久dusk n. 薄暮,黄昏,幽暗dye vt. 染n. 染料;染色dynamic a. 有活力的;动力的eagle n. 鹰earn vt. 赚得,挣得;获得earnest a. 认真的,诚恳的ease n. 容易,舒适vt. 缓和eastern a. 东方的;朝东的easy a. 容易的;安逸的echo n. 回声,反响vi. 重复economical a. 节约的;经济学的effect n. 结果;效果,效力effective a. 有效的;有影响的efficiency n. 效率;功效,效能efficient a. 效率高的,有能力的effort n. 努力;努力的成果elaborate a. 复杂的;精心制作的elastic n. 松紧带a. 有弹性的elder a. 年龄较大的n. 长者election n. 选举,选择权;当选electrical a. 电的,电气科学的electron n. 电子electronic a. 电子的elementary a. 基本的;初级的elevator n. 电梯;升降机eliminate vt. 消灭,消除,排除elsewhere ad. 在别处,向别处embarrass vt. 使窘迫,使为难embrace vt. 拥抱;包括;包围emerge vi. 出现,涌现;冒出emergency n. 紧急情况,突然事件emit vt. 散发;发射;发表emotion n. 情感,感情;激动emotional a. 感情的,情绪的emperor n. 皇帝emphasis n. 强调,重点,重要性emphasize vt. 强调,着重empire n. 帝国employ vi. 雇用;用;使忙于employee n. 受雇者,雇员,雇工employer n. 雇佣者,雇主employment n. 工业;雇用;使用enable vt. 使能够,使可能enclose vt. 围住,圈起;附上encounter vt. 遭遇,遇到n. 遭遇encourage vt. 鼓励,支持,助长ending n. 结尾,结局;死亡endure vt. 忍受;容忍enemy n. 敌人;仇敌;敌兵enforce vt. 实施,执行;强制engage vt. 使从事于;聘用engineering n. 工程,工程学enormous a. 巨大的,庞大的enquire vi. vt. 询问enquiry n. 询问ensure vt. 保证;保护;赋予entertain vt. 使欢乐;招待enthusiasm n. 热情,热心,热忱entire a. 全部的,整个的entitle vt. 给…权利(或资格)entrance n. 入口,门口;进入equality n. 等同,平等;相等equation n. 方程(式);等式equip vt. 装备,配备equivalent a. 相等的;等量的era n. 时代,年代;纪元erect vt. 建造;使竖立essay n. 短文,散文,小品文essential a. 必要的,本质的establish vt. 建立,设立;确立establishment n. 建立,设立,确立estimate vt. 估计,评价n. 估计evaporate vt. 使蒸发vi. 蒸发eve n. 前夜,前夕,前一刻even a. 均匀的;平的evening n. 傍晚,黄昏,晚上eventually ad. 终于;最后evident a. 明显的,明白的evolution n. 进化,演化;发展evolve vt. 使进化;使发展exaggerate vt. &vi. 夸大,夸张examine vt. 检查,仔细观察exceed vt. 超过,胜过;超出exceedingly ad. 极端地,非常excellent a. 优秀的,杰出的exception n. 例外,除外excess n. 超越;过量;过度excessive a. 过多的,极度的excite vt. 使激动;引起exclaim vi. 呼喊;惊叫exclude vt. 把…排除在外exclusively ad. 专门地excursion n. 远足;短途旅行execute vt. 将…处死;实施executive a. 执行的n. 执行者exercise n. 锻炼,训练vi. 练习exert vt. 尽(力),运用exhibit vt. 显示;陈列,展览exhibition n. 展览,陈列;展览会existence n. 存在,实在;生存expansion n. 扩大,扩充;扩张explode vt. 使爆炸vi. 爆炸exploit vt. 剥削;利用;开拓explore vt. &vi. 探险,探索explosion n. 爆炸,爆发,炸裂explosive n. 炸药a. 爆炸的expose vt. 使暴露;揭露exposure n. 暴露;揭露;曝光express vt. 表示n. 快车,快递extension n. 延长部分;伸展extensive a. 广阔的;广泛的extent n. 广度;范围;程度exterior a. 外部的;对外的external a. 外部的,外面的extraordinary a. 非同寻常的,特别的extreme a. 极度的;尽头的eyesight n. 视力,目力fabric n. 织物,纺织品;结构facility n. 设备;容易;便利factor n. 因素;因子,系数faculty n. 才能,能力;系,科fade vi. 褪色;逐渐消失faint a. 微弱的;虚弱的fair n. 定期集市;博览会fairly ad. 相当;公平地fame n. 名声,名望famine n. 饥荒;严重的缺乏fare n. 车费,船费,票价farewell int.再会n. 告别fashionable a. 流行的,时髦的fast a. 快的;偏快的ad. 快fasten vt. 扎牢,扣住fatal a. 致命的;命运的fate n. 命运,天数fatigue n. 疲劳,劳累faulty a. 有错误的,有缺点的favour n. 好感;赞同;恩惠favourable a. 有利的;赞成的feasible a. 可行的;可能的feature n. 特征,特色;面貌federal a. 联邦的;联盟的feedback n. 回授,反馈,反应feeling n. 感情;感觉,知觉fellow n. 人,家伙;伙伴fence n. 栅栏fertile a. 肥沃的;多产的fertilizer n. 肥料fetch vt. 拿来;请来,接去fibre n. 纤维,纤维质fiction n. 小说;虚构,杜撰fierce a. 凶猛的,狂热的figure n. 数字;外形;人物file n. 档案vt. 把…归档fill vt. 装满,盛满;占满filter vt. 过滤n. 滤纸flame n. 火焰;光辉;热情flavour n. 味,味道;风味fleet n. 舰队;船队,机群flesh n. 肉,肌肉;肉体flexible a. 易弯曲的;灵活的flight n. 航班;飞行;逃跑float vi. 漂浮vt. 使漂浮flock n. 羊群,群;大量flourish vi. 繁荣,茂盛,兴旺flow vi. 流动;飘垂;涨潮fluent a. 流利的,流畅的fluid n. 流体,液体focus vi. 聚焦,注视n. 焦点fog n. 雾;烟雾,尘雾fold vt. 折叠;合拢n. 褶folk n. 人们,家属,亲属footstep n. 脚步;脚步声;足迹forehead n. 额头,前部forge n. 熔炉,铁工厂vt. 打制,锻造,伪造fork n. 餐叉;叉;分叉formula n. 公式,式forth ad. 向前;向外,往外fortnight n. 两星期,十四天fortunate a. 幸运的,侥幸的fortunately ad. 幸运地,幸亏foundation n. 基础;地基;基金fountain n. 泉水,喷泉;源泉fox n. 狐狸;狡猾的人fraction n. 小部分;片断;分数fragment n. 碎片,破片,碎块frame n. 框架,框子;构架framework n. 框架,构架,结构frank a. 坦白的,直率的freeze vi. 冻;结冻vt. 使结冰freight n. 货运;货物;运费frequency n. 屡次;次数;频率frequent a. 时常发生的;经常的friction n. 摩擦,摩擦力frighten vt. 使惊恐,吓唬frog n. 蛙frontier n. 边境;边疆;新领域frost n. 冰冻,严寒;霜frown vi. 皱眉,蹙额fruitful a. 多产的;肥沃的fry vt. 油煎,油炸,油炒fuel n. 燃料vt. 给…加燃料fulfil vt. 履行;满足;完成function n. 功能;职务;函数fund n. 资金;基金;存款fundamental a. 基础的,基本的funeral n. 葬礼,丧礼,丧葬funny a. 古怪的;滑稽的furnace n. 炉子,熔炉;鼓风炉furnish vt. 供应,提供;装备furniture n. 家具;装置,设备furthermore ad. 而且,此外gallon n. 加仑garage n. 车库;加油站garden n. 花园,菜园;公园gardener n. 园丁,花匠gaseous a. 气体的,气态的gasoline n. (美)汽油gauge vt. 量,测量n. 量器gay a. 快乐的;鲜明的generate vt. 发生;引起;生殖generator n. 发电机;发生者generous a. 慷慨的;宽厚的genius n. 天才,天赋,天资gentle a. 和蔼的;轻柔的genuine a. 真的;真正的geography n. 地理,地理学geometry n. 几何,几何学germ n. 微生物,细菌,幼芽gesture n. 姿势,手势;姿态ghost n. 鬼,灵魂;鬼魂giant n. 巨人;巨物glance vi. 看一下n. 一瞥glass n. 玻璃;玻璃杯glimpse vt. 瞥见n. 一瞥,一看globe n. 地球,世界;地界仪glorious a. 光荣的;壮丽的glory n. 光荣;荣誉的事glow n. 白热光vi. 发白热光glue n. 胶,胶水vt. 胶合goat n. 山羊goose n. 鹅,雌鹅governor n. 州长;主管人员grace n. 优美,文雅;雅致grade vt. 给…分等级n. 等级gradual a. 逐渐的;渐进的grain n. 谷物,谷粒;颗粒grammatical a. 语法上的gramme n. 克grand a. 宏伟的;重大的grant n. 授给物vt. 授予graph n. (曲线)图,图表grateful a. 感激的;令人愉快的gratitude a. 感激,感谢,感恩grave n. 坟墓a. 严重的gravity n. 重力,引力;严重性gray a. 灰色的n. 灰色great a. 大的;伟大的greedy a. 贪吃的;贪婪的Greek a. 希腊的n. 希腊人green a. 绿色的n. 绿色grey a. 灰色的n. 灰色grind vt. 磨(碎);磨快grip vt. 握紧,抓牢n. 紧握grocer n. 食品商;杂货商gross a. 总的;严重的guard vt. 守卫;看守n. 卫兵guidance n. 引导,指导,领导guilty a. 内疚的;有罪的gulf n. 海湾gum n. 口香糖;树胶gym n. 体育馆,健身房gymnasium n. 体育馆,健身房halt vi. 停止;立定n. 停住hammer n. 锤,榔头vt. 锤击handle n. 柄,把手vt. 拿,触harbour n. 海港,港口vt. 庇护harden vt. 使变硬vi. 变硬hardship n. 艰难,困苦hardware n. 五金器具;硬件harm n. 伤害,损害vt. 损害harmony n. 调合,协调,和谐harness vt. 治理n. 马具,挽具harsh a. 严厉的;刺耳的hatred n. 憎恶,憎恨,仇恨hay n. 干草hazard n. 危险;公害headquarters n. 司令部;总部heap n. (一)堆;大量heat n. 热,炎热vi. 变热heaven n. 天堂;天,天空hedge n. 篱笆,树篱;障碍物heel n. 脚后跟,踵,后跟height n. 高,高度;高处helicopter n. 直升机hell n. 地狱;极大的痛苦hence ad. 因此,所以;今后herd n. 兽群,牧群vt. 放牧heroic a. 英雄的;英勇的hesitate vi. 犹豫,踌躇;含糊highway n. 公路;大路hillside n. (小山)山腰,山坡hollow a. 空的;空洞的holy a. 神圣的;圣洁的honourable a. 诚实的;光荣的hook n. 钩,挂钩vt. 钩住horizon n. 地平线;眼界,见识horizontal a. 地平的;水平的horn n. 号角;警报器;角horror n. 恐怖;战栗;憎恶horsepower n. 马力hostile a. 敌方的;不友善的humble a. 谦逊的;地位低下的humorous a. 富于幽默的,诙谐的hundred num. 百,百个n. 许多hut n. 小屋,棚屋hydrogen n. 氢identical a. 完全相同的;同一的identify vt. 认出,识别,鉴定idle a. 空闲的;懒散的ignorant a. 不知道的;无知的illegal a. 不合法的,非法的illustrate vt. (用图等)说明illustration n. 说明,图解;例证imitate vt. 模仿,仿效;仿制immense a. 巨大的;极好的immigrant n. 移民a. 移民的impact n. 影响,作用;冲击impatient a. 不耐烦的,急躁的implication n. 含义,暗示,暗指import vt. &n. 输入,进口importance n. 重要;重要性important a. 重要的;有势力的impose vt. 把…强加;征(税) impossible a. 不可能的,办不到的impress vt. 给…深刻印象impression n. 印;印象;印记impressive a. 给人印象深刻的incline n. 斜坡vt. 使倾斜index n. 索引;指数;指标indicate vt. 标示,表示;表明indication n. 指示;表示;表明indifferent a. 冷漠的;不积极的indirect a. 间接的;不坦率的indispensable a. 必不可少的,必需的individual a. 个别的;独特的indoors ad. 在室内,在屋里industrial a. 工业的;产业的industrialize vt. 使工业化inevitable a. 不可避免的,必然的infant n. 婴儿a. 婴儿的infect vt. 传染;感染infer vt. 推论,推断;猜想inferior a. 下等的;劣等的infinite a. 无限的;无数的influential a. 有影响的;有权势的inform vt. 通知,向…报告information n. 消息,信息;通知inhabitant n. 居民,住户inherit vt. 继承(传统等)initial a. 最初的;词首的injection n. 注射,注入;充满injure vt. 伤害,损害,损伤injury n. 损害,伤害;受伤处ink n. 墨水,油墨inn n. 小旅店;小酒店innocent a. 清白的,幼稚的input n. 输入;投入的资金inquire vt. 打听,询问;调查inquiry n. 询问,打听;调查insect n. 昆虫,虫insert vt. 插入; 嵌入; 登载inside prep. 在…里面n. 内部insist vi. 坚持;坚持要求inspect vt. 检查,审查;检阅inspire vt. 鼓舞;给…以灵感install vt. 安装,设置installation n. 安装;装置;设施instance n. 例子,实例,事例instant n. 瞬间a. 立即的instead ad. 代替,顶替;反而instinct n. 本能;直觉;生性institute n. 研究所;学院institution n. 协会;制度,习俗instruct vt. 教;指示;通知instruction n. 命令;教学;教训instrument n. 仪器;工具;乐器insult vt. &n. 侮辱,凌辱insurance n. 保险;保险费insure vt. 给…保险;确保intellectual n. 知识分子a. 智力的intelligence n. 智力;理解力;情报intelligent a. 聪明的;理智的intend vt. 想要,打算;意指intense a. 强烈的;紧张的intensity n. 强烈,剧烈;强度intensive a. 加强的;精耕细作的intention n. 意图,意向,目的interaction n. 相互作用;干扰interfere vi. 干涉,干预;妨碍interference n. 干涉,干预;阻碍interior a. 内的;内地的n. 内部intermediate a. 中间的;中级的internal a. 内的;国内的international a. 国际的,世界(性)的interpret vt. 解释,说明;口译interpretation n. 解释;口译interrupt vt. 打断,打扰;中止interval n. 间隔;休息;间距intimate a. 亲密的;个人的introduction n. 介绍;引进;引言invade vt. 入侵,侵略;侵袭invasion n. 入侵,侵略;侵犯investigate vt. &vi. 调查investment n. 投资,投资额,投入invisible a. 看不见的,无形的invitation n. 邀请,招待;请柬involve vt. 使卷入;牵涉inward a. 里面的ad. 向内iron n. 铁;烙铁vt. 烫(衣)isolate vt. 使隔离,使孤立issue n. 问题;发行vt. 发行jam n. 果酱jam vt. 使塞满;使堵塞jar n. 罐子,坛子,广口瓶jaw n. 颌,颚jazz n. 爵士音乐,爵士舞曲jealous a. 妒忌的;猜疑的jet n. 喷气式飞机;喷嘴jewel n. 宝石;宝石饰物joint n. 接头,接缝;关节jungle n. 丛林,密林,莽丛junior a. 年少的n. 晚辈jury n. 陪审团;评奖团just ad. 刚才;只是;正好justice n. 正义,公正;司法justify vt. 证明…是正当的keen a. 热心的;激烈的kettle n. 水壶,水锅knee n. 膝,膝盖,膝关节kneel vi. 跪,跪下,跪着knot n. (绳的)结,(树的)节label n. 标签;标记,符号lag vi. 走得慢n. 落后landlord n. 地主;房东,店主lane n. (乡间)小路;跑道lap n. 膝部;一圈largely ad. 大部分;大量地laser n. 激光launch vt. 发射,投射;发动laundry n. 洗衣房,洗衣店lavatory n. 盥洗室,厕所law n. 法律,法令;法则lawn n. 草地,草坪,草场lawyer n. 律师;法学家lay vt. 置放;铺设;设置layer n. 层,层次;铺设者layout n. 布局,安排,设计league n. 同盟,联盟;联合会leak vi. 漏;泄露n. 漏洞lean vi. 倾斜,屈身;靠leather n. 皮革;皮革制品leisure n. 空闲时间;悠闲lens n. 透镜,镜片;镜头lessen vt. 减少,减轻;缩小lest conj.惟恐,以免lever n. 杆,杠杆;控制杆liable a. 易于…的;可能的liberal a. 心胸宽大的;慷慨的liberate vt. 解放;释放liberty n. 自由;释放;许可librarian n. 图书馆馆长library n. 图书馆;藏书license n. 许可;执照vt. 准许lid n. 盖子,盖,囊盖likewise ad. 同样地;也,又limb n. 肢,臂,翼;树枝lime n. 石灰liquor n. 酒;溶液,液剂liver n. 肝;肝脏loan n. 贷款;暂借vt. 借出locate vt. 探明,找出,查出lodge vi. 暂住,借宿,投宿log n. 原木,木料loop n. 圈,环,环孔lord n. 贵族;上帝,基督lorry n. 运货汽车,卡车lump n. 团,块;肿块mad a. 发疯的;恼火的magic n. 魔法,巫术;戏法magnet n. 磁铁,磁石,磁体magnetic a. 磁的,有吸引力的magnificent n. 壮丽的;华丽的maid n. 女佣,女仆;少女maintenance n. 维持,保持;维修manual a. 体力的n. 手册manufacture vt. 制造n. 制造;产品manufacturer n. 制造商;制造厂march vi. 行军;游行示威margin n. 页边的空白;边缘marine a. 海的;海上的mark n. 斑点;记号vt. 标明marriage n. 结婚,婚姻;婚礼marvelous a. 奇迹般的;了不起的Marxist a. 马克思主义的mask n. 面具;伪装vt. 掩饰mass n. 众多;团;群众mat n. 席子;草席;垫子match n. 比赛,竞赛;对手match n. (一根)火柴mate n. 伙伴,同事;配偶mathematical a. 数学的,数学上的mathematics n. 数学mayor n. 市长mean vt. 作…解释;意指mean a. 自私的;吝啬的mean a. 平均的n. 平均值means n. 方法,手段,工具meantime n. 其时,其间ad. 当时meanwhile ad. 同时,当时measurement n. 衡量,测量;尺寸mechanic n. 技工,机械,机修工mechanical a. 机械的;力学的mechanics n. 力学;技术性细节medicine n. 内服药;医学medium n. 媒质;中间a. 中等的melt vi. 融化vt. 使融化memorial a. 纪念的;记忆的memory n. 记忆;回忆;存储menu n. 菜单;饭菜,菜肴merchant n. 商人;零售商mercury n. 水银,汞Mercury n. 水星mercy n. 仁慈,慈悲,恩惠mere a. 仅仅的;纯粹的merely ad. 仅仅,只不过merit n. 长处,优点;功过meter n. 计量器,计,表metric a. 公制的,米制的microscope n. 显微镜might n. 力量,威力,能力mild a. 和缓的;温柔的mile n. 英里military a. 军事的;军人的mill n. 磨坊;制造厂millimetre n. 毫米minimum n. 最小量a. 最小的minister n. 部长,大臣;公使ministry n. (政府的)部minor a. 较小的;较次要的minority n. 少数;少数民族minus a. 负的prep. 减(去)minute a. 微细的;详细的miracle n. 奇迹,令人惊奇的人miserable a. 痛苦的,悲惨的mislead vt. 使误入岐途miss vt. 未看到;惦念missile n. 发射物;导弹missing a. 缺掉的,失去的mist n. 薄雾mix vt. 使混合,混淆mixture n. 混合;混合物mobile a. 运动的;流动的mode n. 方式,样式moderate a. 温和的;有节制的modern a. 现代的,近代的。
专业四级英语语法和词汇
四级语法和词汇(1)1. My father never gave me ______.A. many adviceB. many advicesC. much adviceD. a lot of advices参考答案: CTIP:advice为不可数名词,不能用many来修饰,也没有复数形式。
2. She took him ______and led him across the road.A. by his handB. by the handC. with handD. with the hand参考答案: BTIP:take ... by the hand“抓住……的手”。
英语的习惯是在动词后先提人,而后在介词后再提具体的身体部位,身体部位前通常用定冠词。
3. I don't think he is to blame, ______?A. do IB. is heC. isn't heD. does he参考答案: BTIP:本句涉及的是否定的转移问题,I don't think 中的否定词否定的是宾语从句,故附加疑问句就需要用肯定的形式。
4. ______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. However参考答案: CTIP:as long as“只要”。
5. He couldn't lie convincingly enough to take a child _______.A. awayB. downC. inD. up参考答案: CTIP:take in“欺骗”,take away“拿走”,take down“取下来,记下来”,take up“从事”。
6. The parents were worried about Dorothy because no one was aware ______ she had gone.A. where thatB. of whereC. whereD. the place参考答案: BTIP:aware一般有两个结构: be aware of something和be aware that-clause,在此选择of后加名词从句,相当于第一个结构。
专业四级考试词汇语法详解
专业四级考试词汇语法详解英语的演变是一个很有意思的过程,四级英语中有很多词汇都是有很有意思的“背景”,那么关于它们究竟是怎么样的,又该如何使用呢? 我们一起来看看,以下是小编给大家整理的专业四级考试词汇语法详解,希望可以帮到大家1. c)「句意」公众能否将兔肉接受为比较经济的蛋白质来源要看生产者如何去销售。
?「难点」depend on 后面加一个从句,从句语序应为陈述语序。
?2. d)「句意」这些苹果你千万不要吃,可能没熟。
?「难点」in case意为“如果,万一,若”,适合本句逻辑关系。
3. b)「句意」虽然发生在发达国家的事情听起来像科幻小说,但也可能发生在世界上其它地区。
?「难点」what引导的从句作为主语,同时,what又是从句的主语。
4. c)「句意」我们最信任的就是他。
?「难点」用来代替“he”的是“who”,who前面有介词的时候要改为宾格whom.5. c)「句意」由于我们用不着着急,我们选择了那条长而风景优美的路线。
「难点」a)错,因为没有go route 的搭配。
b)错,主语应该是being in no great hurry 的主语we.d)错,原因同b)。
?6. b)「句意」两个答案都不正确。
?「难点」neither意为“二者无一”,后接单数谓语动词。
?7. a)「句意」他病了,而我只是有点儿累。
「难点」whereas连接两个句子,又含有转折的意思。
?8. c)「句意」她很有钱,而且很漂亮。
?「难点」what is more是习惯用语,意为“另外,而且”。
?9. d)「句意」不管怎么说,因为你父亲你才有今天。
?「难点」say what you like 意为“不管怎么说”。
?10. d)「句意」是你铺的床,你就要躺在上面(自作自受)。
?「难点」as…so…意为“像…那样,…也就…”。
?11. c)「句意」如果读书不是为了消磨时间而是为了获取知识,那么你必须积极去读。
?「难点」pass意为“消磨”;waste意为“浪费”;spend意为“花费”;idle 意为“虚度”,与away连用。
(完整word版)专四语法重点总结,推荐文档
专四语法重点总结一、代词、名词、数次1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人称2. everyone后面不可以跟of短语every one 就可以3. 以‘名词/动名词+介词(短语)/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词,它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如:homework4. 物质名词一般不可数,但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如:different teas5. 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an6. 名词所有格要点:必须用’s的场合1 )’s属格用于表示时间,度量衡,价值的名词之后2 ) 作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s3) 人或物为两人共有,在第二个名词后加’s4 )当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店,住家,教堂,医院等,此名词常省略5) 复合名词在最后一个词后加’s6) 当被修饰的名词后有同位语时,必须用’s7) 当用来表示类别或属性时,要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋必须用of的场合1) 名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时2) 以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时7. 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时,都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时,须用复数,而且后面加of8.表示顺序的两种方式:1)‘名词+基数词’,不用冠词,如Chapter four2) ’the+序数词+名词‘如the Fourth Chapter9. 倍数增减的表示法1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as3) 倍数+名词4) 动词+百分比或倍数5) 动词+to+数词6) double/triple/quadruple+名词7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数10. 分数分子为基数词,分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数11. 百分比后接名词时加of二、形容词、副词1 前置修饰语的排列顺序可以置于冠词前的形容词(all both such) -----冠词,指示形容词,所有格形容词,不定形容词(a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词(one ) 序数词(first)------------ 表示性质,状态,质量的形容词(good useful)--------------表示大小,长短,形状的形容词----------------表示年龄,新旧,温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍,产地,区域的形容词-----------表示材料,用做形容词的名词----------动名词,分词2.后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词3.形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时,必须后置4.enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后,但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时,必须后置5.有些形容词本身就有‘比……年长’,‘比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than6.much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词,不修饰名词7.more 不能用来修饰比较级8.与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a.... 意为更像……9.as much of a……意为称得上,less of a 意为算不上10.none other than(不是别人,正是)=no other than11.any/sone/every与other连用时,其后若用可数名词,一般为单数三、情态动词、虚拟语气1.can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不,只能(but后跟不带to的动词不定式)2.must 表示禁止,一定不要时的否定式为mustn’t 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can’t3.need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味4.need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事(经常考)虚拟语气1.It is (high/about/the)time... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了2.It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中,谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验3.as if/though 的虚拟要点1) 对当时事实的假设,从句谓语用过去式,be动词一律用were2)对过去事实的假设,从句谓语用过去完成式3)对未来事实的假设,从句谓语用would+动词原型五、比较级比较等级的含义:英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级,即原级,比较级和最高级。
英语专四语法和词汇
专业四级语法和词汇:Test 1 集体名词作主语主谓一致1)通常作复数的集体名词,如:police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等,通常作复数,用复数动词。
如: Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词,如:foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, 通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数。
例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,如:audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等,既可作单数,也可作复数用。
The city council is meeting to set its agenda.4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成,随后的动词通常用单数。
例如:A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.近义词辨析:tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。
tired: 可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。
Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫,一到家就上床睡觉去了。
exhausted: 表达的疲惫程度最强,指因劳累过度而精疲力竭。
2002年专业英语四级考试答案解析
2002年英语专四考试试题答案: Part One Writing Section A Composition The Best Way to Stay Healthy If you have recently started or restarted an exercise program, you are not alone, and it proves to be the best way to stay healthy. In the first place, exercise makes your body, most importantly, your heart stronger-by helping it pump more blood with each heartbeat. The blood then deliver more oxygen to your body. Exercise can also lower blood pressure, reduce your risk of heart disease. Besides, exercise is the best way to lose weight. Burning calories and working off the fat will help you look and feel better. In the second place, more and more people realize that mental health is nevertheless important than physical health. Focusing your energy on taking care of yourself with proper exercise is the best way to not just transform your body but to lift your spirits. If you are blessed with a healthy body and healthy mind by getting into exercises like soccer, ice skating, jogging, running, swimming, bicycling or anything that involves lots of activities, you can be confident that you are the “ wealthiest”, thus the happiest man on the planet earth. Section B Note-writing May 6, 2002 Dear Jack, I have heard that you wish to sell your walkman. I am very interested in it. I am just wondering about its condition. Give me a call when you have a moment. My telephone number is 555-2436. I am willing to offer 30 dollars for it if everything is OK. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours, Sam. Part Two Dictation Disappearing Forests The world’s forests are disappearing. As much as a third of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world’s species thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered twelve percent of the land of the planet. As well as supporting at least half of the world’s species of plants and animals, these rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forestland(林地) has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development, such as crop growing. By the 1990s less that half of the earth’s original rain forests remained, and they continues to disappear at an alarming rate every year. As a result, the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction. Part Three Listening Comprehension Section A Statement ⼀.听⼒ PART III LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A STATEMENT 1.答案:D 【问句译⽂】讲话者很可能是⼲什么的? 【试题分析】本题为推理题。
英语专四考试语法与词汇分别考什么_1
英语专四考试语法与词汇分别考什么很多考生盲目地复习,大量地做题,却不知道这一项考试到底是考什么内容。
那么现在我们大家就一起来明确一下,专业四级考试要求我们掌握的语法内容,具体如下:1. 名词:可数及不可数名词;抽象、专有、物质名词的数;'s 属格的各种意义;某些以-s 结尾的名词的数;集体名词的数。
2. 限定词:限定词与三类名词的搭配关系;限定词与限定词的搭配关系;冠词的类指、特指和独指;冠词的习惯用法; some, any 和 no 的用法。
3. 代词:不定代词 one, some, anyone 及不定代词 one, they, we, you, he 的用法;物主代词,非人称代词的用法;反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。
4. 动词的时和体:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成体;一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成体;将来时,过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法;情态动词的各种用法;虚拟式,被动态的用法;不定式和不定式分句,-ing 分词和– ing 分句、–ed 分词和–ed 分句的用法。
5. 定语从句,名词性从句 (包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等) ;状语从句 (包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句) 。
6. 直接引语,间接引语,并列结构,从属结构 (包括独立结构,无动词分句,非限定分句和限定分句的转换) ;形容词和副词的比较级、级;介词与介词词组;附加疑问句;存在句;主谓一致;后置、前置与倒装;省略。
从 2005 年开始,语法与词汇部分恢复为 30 道试题,题目中约 50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题,其余为语法结构题。
从近 13 年的真题来看,我们不难发现英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕 11 项语法要点:从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。
而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。
专业四级真题考查词汇归纳2002-2008年
2008年专四真题考查词汇归纳SufficientConvinceMisleadingManufactureAlcoholLoungeWardFacilitiesMotorwayPrecautionExplosionDistributeEstablishmentCommitteeEnthusiasticStampObjectCategoryAdvantageousAbundant AbsoluteEvent District Community Continent Precede Proceed Reflect Format Gathering Assembly Original Primitive Consistently Disable ProposalIn that Assignment Wisely Chat ResponseBe aware of Considerable Considerate Capitalize Semester Remake Repeat Reapply Revise Convenient Instrument Imaginatively Efficiently Dispose Trumpet BugleFlute Gravity Extent Intensity Discontinue Halt Initial Attendance Assistance Quietly RentHang out Cab ride Daytime Sightseer Festival Concert Descend FunkBlare Paradise Canal Cruise Picturesque Architecture RowNeat DwellingBrownstone Appreciation NazisRoyal Palace HospitalityBe fond of Adjective Delightful Tantalize Mysterious Hieroglyphics Legend IndicationOriginEternal MythologySirenJovialHerculean ElementArouse one’s interest Link Existence Counter Gesture Accompany Startle Assure Rush over Squeak Leg iron Flight Attendant Novelist Detention Apology Leap Tatter Respond Photocopy Frequent Ethnic Shelf IntegralPerspective Diversity IdentityConfirmHatred Discrimination Tolerance ImpatientBitter HumiliationSelf-exposure Appeal PressurizeBe concerned with Insecurity ExtrovertOrdeal Cautious Personality PredictorScript Rehearse Likewise Incredibly Academic Funeral Unaware Psychiatrist Odd Madness Mental illness Exhibit Unselfconscious Illusion Upbringing Inability Performer SpoilIntrovert FactorEnsureCasual Authentic RecommendSubscribe2007年专四真题词汇归纳BelongingsSettlerForumProspectCommunity UnderachieveSeminarAdolescentPersonnelPrincipalSeize the opportunity DetermineObligationEvolveProcedureAlterShiftAwkwardUneasyInsensitive ThroughoutAll the way Chart Describe Permission Consequently Unexpectedly Stock Treatment Antibiotics Pose a threat Essential Extensive Exclusive Inclusive Comprehensive Approachable Affordable Warn sb. of sth. Authorities AftermathRude Accidentally Incidentally Eventually Promptly Instantly Journalism Elementary Proportion Participant Spectator Observer Limitless Expanse Stretch Sense Smack Superb Launder Figure Fiction Terrorize Overcharge Laundry Companionship Restrict Frustrating Row-provoking TidyPrivacy Persuade Conversely Chores Competent Masterwork Hitchhiker CuriosityLift-giver Hospitality Booklet Contain Coupon Consumption GeographySociology Adventure Motto Outstretch Critical Somewhat Unclear Mutual Loveliness Ribbon Braid Triangle Bargain Playfulness Disagreement Wrap Generous Pleasant Assume Overcome Landscape Supervise Schedule Mismatch Calendar Radical RevisionValidDefend Abandon Appropriateness Specifically Award2006年专四真题词汇归纳By coachMoustacheBeardOriginallyBeachDeviceQualityStatementSettle downBe unclear aboutBe eager toBe unprepared for ReligiousEmotionalFinancialExpectationIll-educatedIll-temperedDrownedSet foot in InstallMonitor Ferry Rescue Mission Consulate Mainland Peace camp Militant Hardliner Protester Demand Participate Reject Pullout Broadly Speedily Erase Consequently Comparatively AlternativelyTragedy Unintelligent Unpopular UnfortunateBe associated with Rarely Superstition Ladder PavementLick one’s finger Inevitably Misfortune Witchcraft Prevail Tempting Rainforest Private ownership Drastically Offence Distinction Discrimination Cathedral Previous Splendour Refreshing Restore RenovateToeHeelEconomic recession SecurityCater Reproduce ReflectImitate Circumstance Accommodation Landlady Junction Assemble SqueezeTrickleDripFloatReception Conspicuous Prominent Noticeable Plunge Regain Recover ReviveCureFertile Donate Inconsiderable Inconsiderate Inaccurate Incomparable Correspond Implication Insight Distinguish Individuality PrivacySelf-confident Spacemaker Reform Intrude Understandable Beforehand Postpone Seldom Reveal Unacceptable Particularly Extremely Distinct Squander StereotypeBe inclined to Supervisor Inferiority Tendency Nevertheless Conflict Jealousy EmergeOccupation FactorSector Neighborhood Offend Armchair Counterbalance Character BlameCage Sociable Occasional Regret Companion Interaction Encounter Hesitant Intimate Passive Initiative Affection Stimulate Attachment Intimacy Accomplish SubtleOver-familiarity Humor Inconspicuous Be sensitive to Adaptable Favorable Critical Affectionate Excursion2005年专四真题词汇归纳GeographyComputer programmer Customs’ checkInquiryParcelDestinationSakePlatformIn memory ofCasualtyCrueltyRegardless ofCrescentAdoptCheerleading CompetitiveSet fireworks for SpectatorAthleticHoarse PyramidContestOccurEmigrantMediterraneanLaunchPurposefullyAccidentallyTortureViolationReflectionLaundryWell-established circle of friendsPay billsApproachAccommodationDeficiencyInsufficiencyEnhanceProceedHabitually Tolerant Hostile Consensus Compromise Dependent Humid Enthusiasm Equivalent Solicitor Scarcely RemarksBe conscious of Obligation FiniteSolarBetray Tunnel Invariably Condemn Ingenious Impractical Contradict Minority Scarcity Minimum Concentrate Extensive Intense Forbidden Reject Exclude Deny Suitability Priest Spacious Furnish Gesture Miserable Dingy Hoof Sprawl Stare Snap offMoan Peevish Reluctantly Leaf Beaver Dawn on FlipHush Sanctuary Pediatric Neurosurgery Ultimately Ironically Insight Handedly Merchandise Brilliantly Portray Democracy Patriot Suspect Affiliation GenuineApologistBe suspicious of Bureaucratic Sympathetic Skeptical TunefulnessChoralEvokeStandstillExploreVirtuallyArrayPulsationTribalDrumbeatMelodyStirFundamental ExcerptComposer Emotional intelligenceArt festival KeystoneNeurologistDetectDeliberateIrritabilityEvaluateSpiceRageReflexiveJerkStewHypertensionRecklessVentilateReframePotentPursueDistractArsenalOccurrenceGutOrchestra2002年四级真题词汇归纳ObjectiveBiasedInvolvehave impact onfeatureinflectionexclamation markfacial expressionconcertcelloincurbe fed up withbad-tempereddullwork overtimeattendantloyaltydiligenceseniority proficiency presidecircumstance offendermotoristguiltycommitquarrymagnetic principlevendor negligence complaint shamefulobligedforgive condemn motivateresoluterequestpoverty eliminationcorruption scheme proposerejectfatally injured trapcasualtycivil servant protest industrial coalition closure nuclear reactors refugeegrunthissobserve primitive complicated EskimoV ocabulary Inflected Verb Explorer JargonPidgin English Derive Conspicuously Sufficiently Singular Plural Compound Multiple Uncountable Numerous Equally Consequently InstallAir conditioner Region Experiment Robber Narrowly SeldomPopularity Unjustified MisguidedAncient Manuscript PromisingObliging ApplicationBidProposalIndicativePositiveRevealEvidentRegretful Regrettable Entrance examination Confidentially Assuredly Confidently AverageConfess Claim Fragment Extract Vacant Deserted Apply sth. to…Picnic Permit Manufacturing Transform Offset Compensate Mend Liberate Opposite Novelty AdultSort out StainButtonPushIronLaundryElectricPeriodicalProjectCommerciallyRecipeNotionEmphasizeFunctionHome-baked flavor Knitting patterns Automatic TremendouslyContextA false sense of fulfillment OpponentPessimisticFirst and foremostFactorMineralPossessExternal StableInvasionSteadily Technical efficiency SurplusInfluence Foodstuff Determine OrdinaryBe content to IgnoreTrends of fashion Embarrassment Barber ConstantlyOddDull Convenience Fancy Depression CyclicalAnkleUntidy Sweater Discourteous Distinguished Scholar Neglect Reluctant Uniform Inexplicable Formality Individuality Cherish Underway Rugby Superbowl Rival Spectator Witness Strictly Continental Shift Championship Literally Consideration Astronomical Statistical StaggeringShockCaptureRevenue Unashamedly IntegrityEssenceDubiousCategoryTitleRevivalStrategyArouse one’s interest QuarterReserveCritical Stimulating2003年专四四级真题词汇归纳Be conscious ofBe committed toDeadlineIntellectuallyPriorityIdentityUnaffordableImposeInquirerInformantPositiveNegativeBe capable ofSleep-clinicInsomniacsExcessiveNapsTightening Terrorism ReviseCurbSoar Espionage Religious Relief ExpulsionJailScratch Shoestring Chain Profound Expansion Mass-produced Hamburger Competitor StemScaleStripPeelSliceDue toOwing to Stretched Enlarge EnsueEnrich SwitchDivertModifyAlterStuff Commodity Profitable Beneficial Distinctive Distinct Distinguished Distinguishable Identical BoilerFryer Adequately Plentifully Fragrance Perfume Magnificence Faithfully Surface Essential Celebration Scheduled Sociology Futile Overcome Glance Acquire Acknowledge Allow for Account for Indecent Exception Rare ExtraordinaryFavorite BlankSignal TenantScrapFloat Fluctuate Intermediate MediumIn spite of Respectful Respective Respectable Remote Municipal Rural Provincial Ethnic identity Retain Existence Group-oriented Immigrant Toilet Laundry Bathroom Domestic Strikingly PatioRigidly Interdependence Initially Concept Individualism Function Layout Superstition SignificanceIll-omenAlight Permissible Astrologer Recall Horseshoes NailCharmHeal PerilousEve Betrayal Progression Oddly Irrational LegendBe in favor of Convince Psychologist Frustration Minefield Hurriedly Definite Variation Complex TrunkFiber Biological Inborn EvolutionAnalytical Harmoniously Hemispheric UnalterablePreciseBiologicalCorpus Callosum 胼胝体OutlinePrimaryFlextime ArrangementHispanicLagApproachRoughlyAccelerateCatalogueFilm clipsIndexImplicationProsperityTendencyCareer2004年专四真题词汇归纳WorkloadForwardSkyscraperGarbageSmellyScatteredStore shutter OrderlinessTightnessCattleHabitatFerociouslyExternalPhysiological Sympathetic ExaggerateBe subject toMongolia Qatar Resident MortalityInfant Maternal Conflict Mutual DistrustBe affiliated to Giant Alternation Wakefulness Mere Academic Routine Revert Reverse Temporary Favorite PersistThatAdaptation Tendency Preference BotherTrumpet HardshipVictimFlood-strickenIll-tempered Grumble ImperativeFully-loaded truck Impose Revenue Conventional Uncover DisgustCurseGrudgeHatred DischargeExpel Unworthy Worthless Restore Revive Reference Frame Shiver Staggering Eradication Exclusion Extension Eloquent Emphatic Vibrant Thereof Thereby Thereafter Thereabout Output Cement Contents guide FeatureTerritory Pitiful Procedure Subjective Suitability Overlook Inefficiency Intangible Extremely Confident Boastful Straightforward Enthusiastic Optimistic Spectrum Tolerate Negative Indifferent Shop-lifter Category Professional Deliberate Amateur Detective Circuit television TemptationLaw-abiding Contrary Prosecution Prohibit Innocent Majority PenalizeHijackHumidTurmoil Slipperless Creep Refrigerator Celery Snatched Scoop Forefinger LegitimateTrespass Sufficient Nutritious Delicious Wander Furniture Enormously Precisely Anticipate Prematurely Sharpie Amber Adjacent Decoration Discipline Demonstrate Flap Scrupulously Frustration Convicted Assume Variation Abide Reckless Forbid。
英语专四常见词汇语法汇总
专四常见名词和介词搭配短语第1组第1组1.absence from 缺席,不在如:His long absence from work delayed his promotion.他长期不上班,把他的提升给耽误了。
2. absence of 缺乏如:In the absence of my commanding officer, I acted on my own initiative. 指挥官不在场, 我主动见机行事。
In the absence of their teacher the class was in a state of anarchy.教师不在, 班上一片混乱.3. access to ……的入口,通路如:The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。
She was forbidden access to the club.人家不允许她到那个俱乐部去。
4. acquaintance with 相识,了解如:I have only a nodding acquaintance with Japanese.我对日语仅略知一二。
The guide has some acquaintance with Italian.导游懂得一点意大利语。
5. action on sth 对……的作用如:Evidences of glacial action on the rocks岩石上的冰河留下的痕迹6. addition to sth 增加如:She is a beautiful addition to the family.她是我们家漂亮的新成员。
Can we finance the addition to our home?我们可以为你提供经费。
7. admission to /into 进入,入(场,学,会)如:How does one gain admission to the Buckingham Palace?怎样才能获准进入白金汉宫?Admission to British universities depends on examination results.英国大学入学以考试成绩为凭。
英语专四语法专有词汇
语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structrural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret moun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentwence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence patern句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。
2002年日语专四真题解析
⑨ 仇名(あだな):本名以外の愛称や蔑称(べっしょう) ⑩ 中途半端(ちゅうとはんぱ):物事が完成していない こと。また、徹底していないで、どっちつかずなさま。 11 レスリング:【英】wrestling、摔跤。 12 ふう①【名】:(様子。状態。ふり)。 知らない風をする。 偉そうな風をしている。
阻止自己的好奇心,不能明确地说出“我不知道”,即
54:
~と言ったら【N2语法】 【接续】名词+といったら/简体句+といったら 【意味】接在体言之后,提示话题,相当于"提 起……","谈到……"。表示"一有事情就……"、"动 辄就……"或者"一开口就……"等意思。 勉強といったら、最近彼はあまり勉強したくない ようです 日本の会社の特徴といったら、終身雇用制、年功序 列などです。 何かといったらすぐ文句だ。
【文章1】 译文:
说起哲学家,往往给人一种感觉:总是坐在安静 的书房里思考着什么难题。但是,古希腊的哲学家们 却全都是些充满人情味的独特人物。 希腊哲学鼻祖苏格拉底,又以“惧内”而闻名。 但是,他似乎并不以此为耻,反而故意说出“有好妻 者即会成为幸福者,有恶妻者即会成为哲学家”这种 滑稽的言辞。
其弟子柏拉图,又以擅长运动而知名。原本“柏 拉图”这一名字就是一个绰号,意为身体硕大的家伙。 柏拉图可不是一般的身体强壮,他甚至在当时的大型 比赛中获得过摔跤冠军。
日本の映画といったら、
テレビといったら、
。
(だけ) に現れなかった。 そこのりんご、 だけ いってもいいよ。 彼は銀行からお金を (だけ) 家を買った。
。 が、彼はついに待ち合わせの場所
正解(参考用)
专四常考语法点汇总.doc
语法与词汇专项语法核心考点一:从属分句复合句 = 主句 +从句( 1 个或 1 个以上)要点1 从属分句是复合句必不可少的组成部分,以语法功能作为分类标准,从属分句可以分为状语从句、关系从句(即定语从句)和名词性从句。
其中状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步和方式等;名词性从句可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
要点 2 状语从句的考点集中在方式、条件、让步、方式和时间状语从句上;关系从句的考点集中在关系代词的选择,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别;名词性从句的考点集中在宾语从句和同位语从句。
一状语从句状语从句真题剖析:1 Nine is to three _____ three is to one. (2008, 53)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2 ______ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had tostay behind to finish his assignment. (2008, 55)A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Thouth much3 Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak. (2008, 54)A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which4 They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____. (2008,60)A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was5 The couple had no sooner got to the station ______ the coach left. (2009 ,60)A. whenB. asC. untilD. than6 ____ the boss says, it is unreasonable to ask meto work overtime withoutpay.(2010,55)A. WhateverB. WheneverC. WhicheverD. However7 Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that8 He asked me to lend him some money, which I agreed to do, ___ thathe paid me back the following week. (2005)A. on occasionB. on purposeC. on conditionD. only if 9Which of the following contains an adverbial clause of causeA. I got a job as soon as I left university.B. As there was onanswer, I wrote again.C. You must do the exercise as I show you.D. Wealthy as he is, Mark is not a happy man.状语从句重点总结:(一)条件状语从句:表示条件或假设,通常由以下连词或结构引导:If 如果unless 如果不;除非as long as 只要so long as 只要on condition that条件是in the event that 如果,在的情况下provided/providing that 假如given that 如果suppose/supposing that 假如assuming (that ) 假如say 假如★特别提醒几种不常用的条件状语从句举例:In the event that she can not arrive on time, we will go first.Suppose it snowed, we would still go.Say what he said were true, what would you do about it(二)让步状语从句:含有“虽然,尽管,即使”之意,主要引导词有:though/although 虽然even if/even though 即使no matter + 疑问词无论疑问词 +ever 无论in spite of the fact that 尽管while 尽管much as 不管尽管for all that 尽管as/though granted/granting (that ) 虽然,尽管★特别提醒1.几种不常用的让步状语从句举例:In spite of the fact that he was deaf and dumb, he had a genius for music. While the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.Much as she needed the job, she had to refuse.For all that there were a lot of difficulties,he finally entered the final competition and won.Granted you have made much progress, you should not be conceited.2. 用了 although 或 though ,就一定不能再后面的从句中同时用but ,但是though 可以和 yet 连用。
英语专业四级语法复习要点
英语专业四级语法复习要点一、名词名词是英语八大词类之一,用来表示人、动物、事物、地点等具体或抽象的事物。
名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分。
1. 可数名词可数名词可以用一个数词或代数词表示单数或复数。
需要注意以下几个要点:- 单数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"a"或"an"表示单数,例如:a book(一本书)。
- 复数名词通常可以在前面加上不定冠词"some"或"any"表示复数,例如:some books(一些书)。
- 有些名词的复数形式与单数形式相同,例如:deer(鹿)和sheep (羊)。
- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-s",例如:books(书)和cats(猫)。
- 有些名词的复数形式要加上"-es",例如:watches(手表)和boxes(盒子)。
2. 不可数名词不可数名词通常表示抽象概念、物质、液体等无法具体计数的事物。
以下是一些常见的不可数名词:- information(信息)- water(水)- milk(牛奶)- money(钱)- knowledge(知识)- advice(建议)- weather(天气)二、代词代词用来代替名词,起到替代作用。
根据具体使用情况,代词可分为不同类型。
1. 人称代词人称代词用来代替人或事物的人称,分为主格和宾格两种形式:- 主格:I(我)、you(你/您)、he(他)、she(她)、it(它)、we(我们)、they(他们/她们/它们)- 宾格:me(我)、you(你/您)、him(他)、her(她)、it (它)、us(我们)、them(他们/她们/它们)2. 物主代词物主代词用来表示所属关系,分为形容词性和名词性两种类型:- 形容词性物主代词:my(我的)、your(你/您的)、his(他的)、her(她的)、its(它的)、our(我们的)、their(他们/她们/它们的)- 名词性物主代词:mine(我的)、yours(你/您的)、his(他的)、hers(她的)、its(它的)、ours(我们的)、theirs(他们/她们/它们的)3. 相互代词相互代词用来表示彼此关系,常用的相互代词有:- each other(彼此之间)- one another(彼此之间)三、动词动词是句子的核心,并用于表示行为、状态、存在等。
专四备考资料词汇语法总结
专四备考资料词汇语法总结一、词汇部分。
1. abandon [əˈbændən](动词)- 释义:放弃;抛弃;放纵。
- 例句:Don't abandon your dreams easily.(不要轻易放弃你的梦想。
)2. ability [əˈbɪləti](名词)- 释义:能力;才能。
- 例句:He has the ability to solve difficult problems.(他有解决难题的能力。
)3. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml](形容词)- 释义:反常的;不正常的。
- 例句:The weather is abnormal this year.(今年的天气很反常。
)4. aboard [əˈbɔːd](副词/介词)- 释义:在(船、飞机、车)上;上船;登机。
- 例句:All passengers aboard the plane are required to fasten their seat belts.(飞机上的所有乘客都被要求系好安全带。
)5. abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ](动词)- 释义:废除;废止(法律、制度、习俗等)- 例句:They decided to abolish the old rules.(他们决定废除旧规则。
)二、语法部分。
1. 时态。
- 一般现在时。
- 结构:主语+动词原形(第三人称单数加 -s或 -es)- 用法:表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。
- 例句:He often goes to school by bike.(他经常骑自行车去上学。
)- 一般过去时。
- 结构:主语+动词的过去式。
- 用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
- 例句:I saw him yesterday.(我昨天见到他了。
)- 现在进行时。
- 结构:主语+am/is/are+动词的 -ing形式。
- 用法:表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。
2002年英语专业四级语法词汇部分及答案详解
2002年41. She did her work _________her manager had instructed.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though答案:A 【参考译文】她按照经理的指示办事。
【试题分析】本题考查关系词的用法。
【详细解答】 as可做关系词引导方式状语从句;until和when都引导时间状语从句;though 引导让步状语从句。
根据句意,此处应用关系词引导方式状语从句,故选项A为正确答案。
42. _______ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All答案:C 【参考译文】那对双胞胎都没被捕,因为我昨晚在一个晚会上看见了他俩。
【试题分析】本题考查代词的用法。
【详细解答】根据句意,此处指那对双胞胎都没被捕,所以可排除B、D项; none表示“没有(人或物)”,后常跟of短语,作主语时谓语动词可用单数或复数形式;neither表示“(二者之中)哪个也不”,后跟of短语,作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。
此题中指双胞胎两个人中哪个也没被捕,故选项C为正确答案。
43. For some time now, world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed答案:B 【参考译文】一段时间以来,世界各国首脑一直在不断地指出达成武器裁减协议的必要性。
【试题分析】本题为语法题,考查对时态的掌握。
【详细解答】由句中时间状语“for some time now”可知,这里要用现在完成时;选项B为现在完成进行时,表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在,故为正确答案。
2002年6月CET-4词汇试题简析
笔者对2002年6⽉全国⼤学英语四级考试试题的Vocabulary and Structure部分作了简单分析,发现词义辨析题明显增加。
30个选题中,考词汇的占了近60%。
笔者翻阅了往届的四级全真试题,此部分60%为语法和句⼦结构试题,考词汇的就占了40%左右,由此可见,考⽣今后的⽅向应加强词汇学习,扩⼤词汇量,牢记⼀些易混词的含义和⽤法是⾮常必要的。
此次试题中的17个词汇辨析题并⾮⽆聊的同义词辨析游戏,它们当中⼤部分词义并不相关,主要考查考⽣的词汇量。
下⾯让我们⼀起来分析⼀下这些词汇。
(试题序号为原试卷序号)42.He did not have time to read the report word for word,just _______ it.A.observedB.overlookedC.glancedD.skimmed正确答案为D,四个选项都有“看”的意思,但含义不同。
A 观察B 忽略C 看⼀眼(通常作不及物动词,和at⼀起⽤)D 略读,快读。
44.We would like to _______ a table for five for dinner this evening.A.preserveB.sustainC.retainD.reserve正确答案为D。
四个选项的意思分别为:A 保护,保藏B ⽀持,⽀撑C 保持D 预定。
这句话的意思是要预定五个⼈的餐位,只有D对。
46.The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have _______ supplies of petroleum.A.sufficientB.proficientC.efficientD.potential正确答案为A。
本题属于易混型。
根据四个词的意思作出判断,A ⾜够的B 精通的,熟练的C 有效的D 潜在的,有可能性的。
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Part ⅤGRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 min]
There are twenty-five sentences in this Section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or expressions marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
41. She did her work _________her manager had instructed.
A. as
B. until
C. when
D. though
42. _______ of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.
A. None
B. Both
C. Neither
D. All
43. For some time now, world leaders _______ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.
A. had been pointing
B. have been pointing
C. were pointing
D. pointed
44. Have you ever been in a situation ______ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?
A. by which
B. that
C. in where
D. where
45. We’ve just installed two air-conditions in out apartment, _______should make great differences in our life next summer.
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. they
46. AID is said _________ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.
A. being b. to be C. to have been D. having been
47. She managed to save ______ she could out of her wages to help her brother.
A. how little money
B. so little money
C. such little money
D. what little money
48. Fool ____ Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.
A. who
B. as
C. that
D. like
49. The experiment requires more money than _____.
A. have been put in
B. being put in
C. has been put in
D. to be put in
50. _______ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.
A. Had it not been
B. Hadn’t it been
C. Was it not
D. Were it not
51. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?”
“I don’t know. But its about time _______ on something.”
A. I’d decide
B. I decided
C. I decide
D. I’m deciding
52. The police have offered a large ________for information leading to the robbers arrest.
A. award
B. compensation
C. prize
D. reward
53. I arrives at the airport so late that I ______ missed the plane.
A. only
B. quite
C. narrowly
D. seldom
54. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely ______
A. unjustified
B. unjust
C. misguided
D. unaccepted
55. The head of the Museum was ____ and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.
A. promising
B. agreeing
C. pleasing
D. obliging
56. The multinational corporation was making a take-over _____ for a property company.
A. application
B. bid
C. proposal
D. suggestion
57. The party’s reduced vote was ______ of lack of support for its polici es.
A. indicative
B. positive
C. revealing
D. evident
58. There has been a ______ lack of communication between the union and the management.
A. regretful
B. regrettable
C. regretting
D. regretted
59. The teacher ________ expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.
A. confidently
B. proudly
C. assuredly
D. confidently
60. The ______ family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.
A. normal
B. average
C. usual
D. general
61. The new colleague ____ to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.
A. confess
B. declares
C. claims
D. confirms
62. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few ______ from the novel.
A. pieces
B. essays
C. fragments
D. extracts
63. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) _____ room in the hotels here.
A. empty
B. vacant
C. free
D. deserted
64. The old couple will never ______ the loss of their son.
A. get over
B. get away
C. get off
D. get across
65. Scientific research results can now be quickly ________ to factory production.
A. used
B. applied
C. tried
D. practiced
Part Five Grammar & V ocabulary 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. B 45.A 46. C 47. B 48. B 49. B 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. A 58.B 59. D 60. B 61. C 62. D 63. B 64. A 65. B。