2000-1 CET-6
历年六级作文题目汇总
历年六级作文题目汇总1995年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements1995年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为放鞭炮是好事,为什么?2. 有人认为放鞭炮是坏事,为什么?3. 我的看法.1996年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为没有必要参加大学英语六级考试(简称CET-6)。
2. 我参加CET-6考试的理由。
Why I Take the College English Test Band 6 1996年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命(life expectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infant mortality)的变化情况。
2. 说明引起变化的各种原因。
Health Gains in Developing Countries1997年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 为什么说“欲速则不达”2. 试举例说明Haste Makes Waste1997年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1.有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作,因为 ...2.有些人喜欢经常更换工作,因为...3.我的看法1998年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 假冒伪劣商品的危害。
2. 怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品。
My View on Fake Commodities1998年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。
2. 我认为数字和运气无关，......Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?1999年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们说”不”2. 为什么有些人在该说”不”的时候不说”不”3. 该说”不”时不说”不”的坏处Don’t Hesitate to Say “No”1999年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为读书要有选择2. 有人认为应当博览群书3. 我的看法Reading Selectively Or Extensively?2000年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决2. 哪种途径适合于我(说明理由)How I Finance My College Education2000年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 很多认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是......2. 也有人持不同意见，......3. 我的看法和打算2001年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 面试在求职过程中的作用2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是......How to Succeed in a Job Interview?2001年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 表示欢迎2. 提出对度假安排的建议3. 提醒应注意的事项A letter to a Schoolmate2002年1月全国大学英语六级作文题假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
【英语】大学生英语水平及职业资格证书考试汇总
【关键字】英语外国语学院学生主要外语水平及职业资格证书考试汇总一、国外留学英语水平考试（5）1.TOEFL(Test of English as a Foreign Language) 是由教育测验服务社（ETS）举办的英语能力考试，全名为“检定非英语为母语者的英语能力考试”，中文音译为“托福”。
新托福满分是120分。
TOEFL考试的有效期为两年，从考试日期开始计算。
2.IELTS（International English Language Testing System，中文名为国际英语语言尝试系统）是由英国文化协会（The British Council，即英国驻华大使馆/总领事馆文化教育处）、剑桥大学考试委员会（CESOL）和澳大利亚教育国际开发署（IDP Australia）共同举办的国际英语水平尝试。
此项考试是为申请赴英语国家（美国、、、、等）、的非英语国家学生而设，用来评定考生运用英语的能力。
GRE，全称Graduate Record Examination,中文名称为美国研究生入学考试，适用于除法律与商业外的各专业。
由美国教育考试服务处(Educational Testing Service，简称ETS)主办，GRE是美国、加拿大的大学各类研究生院（除管理类学院，法学院）要求申请者所必须具备的一个考试成绩，也是教授对申请者是否授予奖学金所依据的最重要的标准。
3.GMAT 是Graduate Management Admission Test的缩写，中文名称为经企管理。
GMAT的主办方GMAC(Graduate Management Admission Council，是总部位于美国的一个非营利性教育协会)，其成员包括世界各地许多知名的商学院，所以GMAT成绩获得全球各大商学院的普遍认可，是目前世界范围内申请攻读MBA时最被普遍要求申请者所提供的一个考试成绩。
它是一种标准化考试，目前已经被广泛地用做的入学考试，是当前最为可靠的尝试考生是否具备顺利完成工商管理硕士项目学习能力的考试项目，专门帮助各商学院或工商管理硕士项目评估申请人是否具备在工商管理方面继续深造学习的资格。
按照词汇量分级的各类英语考试
按照词汇量分级的各类英语考试一、小学阶段：小学英语（人教版）1. 词汇量。
- 小学英语教材的词汇量逐步积累，从一年级到六年级大约为600 - 800个单词。
2. 发音与词性。
- 在人教版小学英语教材中，单词会标注国际音标来表示发音。
例如，“cat [kæt]”，“cat”是名词（n.），表示“猫”。
每个单元都会有专门的单词学习板块，会详细讲解单词的发音、词义和词性。
- 动词（v.）如“run [rʌn]”，形容词（adj.）像“big [bɪg]”等词性都会在教学过程中涉及，通过简单的例句让学生理解不同词性单词在句子中的用法。
二、初中阶段：中考英语。
1. 词汇量。
- 中考要求的词汇量一般在1500 - 2000个左右。
2. 发音与词性。
- 单词的发音依然遵循国际音标标注。
例如，“important [ɪmˈpɔ:tnt]”，这是一个形容词（adj.），表示“重要的”。
- 在初中英语教材（人教版）中，单词表中会明确给出单词的词性，并且在课文讲解和练习中不断强化对词性的理解。
对于动词，会涉及到不同的时态变化，如“play”（v.）的第三人称单数形式“plays”，过去式“played”等，同时也会学习名词的单复数形式等语法知识与词性相关的内容。
三、高中阶段：高考英语。
1. 词汇量。
- 高考要求的词汇量大约在3000 - 3500个单词。
2. 发音与词性。
- 音标在单词学习中仍然是重要的发音依据。
例如，“phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən]”（n.），这个单词的复数形式是“phenomena”，这涉及到名词特殊的复数变化形式，是高考词汇和语法考点之一。
- 高中英语教材（人教版）中，会深入学习各种词性的用法，包括副词（adv.）修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，如“quickly [ˈkwɪkli]”修饰动词“run”；介词（prep.）与名词、代词等构成介词短语等知识。
四、大学英语四级（CET - 4）1. 词汇量。
2000年1月CET6考试真题及参考答案模板
2000年1月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案一、单选题第1题：The doctors don't ______ that he will live much longer.A) articulate C) manifestB) anticipate D) monitor【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第2题：I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ______.A) eligible C) probableB) sustainable D) feasible【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第3题：The old gentleman was a very ______ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.A) respectful C) respective B) respected D) respectable【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第4题：This book is expected to ______ the best-seller lists.A) promote C) dominate B) prevail D) exemplify【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第5题：That part of the city has long been ______ for its street violence.A) notorious C) historicalB) responsible D) illegal【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第6题：Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ______ by steam.A) towed C) tossed B) pressed D) propelled【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第7题：Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ______ themselves.A) expanding C) prolongingB) stretching D) extending【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第8题：England's team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to ______ themselves for last year's defeat.A) revive C) revenge B) retort D) remedy【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第9题：If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ______ away all the rocks.A) haul C) repel B) transfer D) dispose【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第10题：It took us only a few hours to ______ the paper off all four walls.A) shear C) strokeB) scrape D) chip【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第11题：The famous scientist ______ his success to hard work.A) imparted C) ascribedB) granted D) acknowledged【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第12题：It is difficult to ______ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculate C) ponder B) conceive D) reckon【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第13题：Now the cheers and applause ______ in a single sustained roar.A) mingled C) assembled B) concentrated D) permeated【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第14题：Improved consumer confidence is ______ to an economic recovery.A) crucial C) cumulative B) subordinate D) satisfactory【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第15题：Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an ______ and orderly fashion.A) incredible C) internalB) intricate D) initial【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第16题：If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ______.A) waxy C) stickyB) slippery D) greasy【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第17题：The damage to his car was ______; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerable C) negligibleB) appreciable D) invisible【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第18题：My sister is quite ______ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressive C) considerateB) enthusiastic D) ambitious【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第19题：The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ______ details that would be settled later.A) versatile C) preliminaryB) trivial D) alternate【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第20题：His ______ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuition C) inspirationB) hypothesis D) sentiment【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第21题：This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ______ of American life.A) fashions C) facetsB) frontiers D) formats【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第22题：Parents often faced the ______ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradox C) dilemmaB) junction D) premise【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第23题：Clark felt that his ______ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehension C) presentationB) appreciation D) participation【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第24题：As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ______ of a brilliant career.A) threshold C) porchB) edge D) course【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第25题：The ______ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protecting C) defendingB) guarding D) shielding【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第26题：Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ______.A) dim C) conspicuousB) obscure D) intelligible【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第27题：This movie is not ______ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A) profound C) decentB) valid D) upright【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第28题：The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ______ into fragments.A) broke off C) broke throughB) broke away D) broke up【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第29题：The detective and his assistant have begun to ______ the mysterious murder.A) come through C) make overB) look into D) see to【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第30题：Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ______.A) extinction C) destructionB) migration D) extraction【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无二、阅读理解第31题：In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk (废话)". Thetopics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes (灾难), yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people's lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while bothhave a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.1. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are _____.A) more family-oriented C) more profoundB) unusually popular D) relatively formal2. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _____.A) remain fascinated by them C) remain indifferent to themB) are ready to face up to them D) are willing to get involved in them3. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot. C) Family budget planning.B) Racist hatred. D) Street violence.4. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both _____.A) ironical C) instructiveB) sensitive D) cynical5. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows _____.A) have monopolized the talk show circuit C) appear at different times of the dayB) exploit the weaknesses in human nature D) are targeted at different audiences1小题>、【正确答案】：D2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：B5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第32题：To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction - the firm and the customer - and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!1. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, _____.A) the practice of turning goods into money C) the customer-centred approachB) making goods available for purchase D) a form of persuasive salesmanship2. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market. C) The satisfaction of the user.B) The efficiency of production. D) The preferences of the dealer.3. According to the passage, "to move as much of these goods as possible" (Lines 3-4, Para. 1) means "______".A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production4. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.5. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on _____.A) its main characteristic C) its possible consequenceB) its social impact D) its theoretical basis1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：C4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第33题：Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads todivisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executivesperceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.1. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is .A) wrong C) misleadingB) oversimplified D) unclear2. Professor Charles R. Schwenk's research shows .A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict3. We can learn from Schwenk's research that .A) a person's view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict4. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations .A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement5. People working in a not-for-profit organization .A) seem to be difficult to satisfy C) are less effective in making decisionsB) are free to express diverse opinions D) find it easier to reach agreement1小题>、【正确答案】：A2小题>、【正确答案】：B3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：C5小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第34题：Imagine eating everything delicious you want - with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn't it?New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients (营养物) and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it's up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can't be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines (肠) "grab" molecules of regularfat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it's that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.1. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ______.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious2 The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ______.A) commercially useless C) somewhat controversialB) just as anticipated D) quite unexpected3. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that ______.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins4. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system. C) It may increase the risk of cancer.B) It may affect the overall fat intake. D) It may spoil the consumers' appetite.5. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：B4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无三、改错题第35题：Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which he originated and developed. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move out into the universe to those worlds which he has known previously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon, put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocated such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship the excess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth's population at its present level, we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space exploration? Consider the great need for improving many aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured into the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coinbefore arriving hasty conclusions.12345678910【参考答案】：1. hadàhas. 根据全文时态可以看出此处应用现在完成时而非过去完成时，并且本句中有明显时间副词now。
大学英语四六级题型简介和要求
• 较高要求 • 更高要求
考试规模
• 四、六级考试
– 全国所有非英语专业的大学生。 – 全国各省、市、自治区、直辖市，包括西藏、 澳门。
• 四、六级口语考试
– 全国共有 36 省会城市组织四、六级口语考试。 – 全国共设有 51 个四、六级口语考试考点。
CET四、六级口语考试能力等级描述
等级
A B C D
– 说： 陈述，日常会话，就熟悉题材进行口头交际，语音语调基本清 楚、正确。 – 读： 主旨大意、重要信息，速度：70 wpm。 – 写： 30分钟内写120词，内容相关切题，用词用语贴切，文章连惯。 – 译： 借助词典就熟悉题材英汉互译。英译中每小时300词；中译英每 小时250字 。 – 词汇：4500 词；700 词组； 2000 活用词语。
•
CET四、六级深入阅读
• 考前的几大误区 • 误区1：机械背诵大量词汇 • 很多考生将四级阅读考试失利的原因归结为词汇量 不够，因此耗费了大量时间和精力机械地背诵英文 词汇。其实，四级考试和国外的雅思、托福考试相 比，最大的区别就在于，四级考试有明确的考纲， 有规定的词汇考查范围。四级复习过程中，考生完 全不需要毫无目的地记忆大量词汇，只需要将考试 委员会限定的四级词汇研究透彻即可。
CET四、六级深入阅读
• 误区2：大量做模拟题 • 中国人习惯在考试前做一定量的模拟题以达到热身 的作用。做模拟题本身无可厚非，但是如果把复习 的重心放在做模拟题目上，则犯了“本末倒置”的 错误。任何模拟题都只能模仿四级考试的风格，真 正能够真实反映四级考试风格的试题，是每年考试 后公开的真题。考生应当把历年真题作为自己主要 的复习材料。用真题进行演练，既可达到真正检测 自身复习进度的目的，还可以了解四级考试的真正 风格，可谓是“一箭双雕”。
CET-6 作文题目-1
测试题一Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Harmonious Society in My Mind. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below。
1. 建立和谐社会成为了一种潮流和趋势2. 我心中的和谐社会是…。
3. 为了建立和谐社会，我们应该如何去做？A Harmonious Society in My Mind测试题二Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic To Curb Spending. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese。
1. 现在许多大学生普遍花钱大手大脚，消费水平高2. 有人认为社会整体生活水平提高了，大学生花钱多一些无可厚非3. 你的看法To Curb Spending（一）Fire Prevention on Campus1.前段时间校园火灾频发，造成生命和财产损失2.分析火灾发生的原因3.作为学生，如何预防校园火灾发生Fire Prevention on Campus（二）Enhance Awareness to Guard against Campus Thefts1. 校园盗窃案件时有发生2. 物品被盗的原因3. 学生如何加强防盗意识（三）How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?1. 网络提供给了人们丰富多彩和便捷的生活2. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行3. 你对网络依赖症的看法How Will Our Life Go on without Internet?（四）Craze for Civil Service Examinations1. 现在有越来越多的大学毕业生报考公务员2. 引起此现象的原因3. 你的看法（五）Is it Necessary to Attend Training Classes?1. 现在社会上有各种各样的培训班2. 有些人认为有必要参加课外培训班，有些人则认为没有必要3. 你的观点（六）University Students’ Pursuit of Famous Brands1. 现在很多大学生都追求穿名牌，用名牌2. 你对这种现象的看法Universi ty Students’ Pursuit of Famous Brands（七）Knowledge and Diploma1. 目前社会上存在这样一种说法：文凭越高越吃香2. 而有些人则认为文凭不等于知识3. 你的观点Knowledge and Diploma（八）The Rise of Shanzhai Culture1. 最近兴起了一股“山寨热”2. 你如何看待山寨现象（九）It’s Time to Stop Software Piracy1. 盗版软件比比皆是2. 盗版软件猖獗的原因3. 如何打击盗版软件It’s Time to Stop Software Piracy（十）Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students1. 金融危机给各行各业都造成了一定影响2. 金融危机对大学生造成何种影响3. 作为大学生，应怎样应对这种影响Effects of Financial Crisis on College Students议论型作文1. Should College Students Live on Campusa. 有些人喜欢住在学校的宿舍，因为……b. 有些人喜欢住在校外，因为……c. 我的看法**** Directions: Suppose you are Wei Qiang and you will graduate from university. Write a letter of inquiry to the Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, asking for admission as a graduate student.3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Selfishness in Dormitory Life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 大学寝室里自私自利的现象比较普遍2. 分析出现这种现象的原因3. 呼吁大学生改变这种不智之举4. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Say “Thank You” to Parents. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 很多的大学生从未跟父母道过谢2. 请说明原因3. 你的建议My First Day on the CampusStudying AbroadIs the Expansion of Enrollment a Good Thing?Harmfulness of Fake Commodities假冒伪劣产品1．目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品（fake commodities）。
CET4&6简介
大学英语四六级考试考试简介大学英语考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的英语考试，其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为大学英语教学提供测评服务。
大学英语考试是一项大规模标准化考试，在设计上必须满足教育测量理论对大规模标准化考试的质量要求，是一个“标准关联的常模参照测验”。
大学英语四、六级考试作为一项全国性的教学考试由“国家教育部高教司”主办，分为四级考试(CET-4) 和六级考试(CET-6)，每年各举行两次。
从2005年1月起，报道成绩满分为710分，凡考试成绩在220分以上的考生，由国家教育部高教司委托“全国大学英语四六级考试委员会”发给成绩单。
大学英语四、六级考试从命题、审题、考务组织、统计分析到成绩发布已形成一套完整的制度，是一项组织得较好的、严格按照标准化考试质量要求进行的大规模考试。
效度研究的大量统计数据和实验材料证明大学英语四、六级考试不但信度高，而且效度高，符合大规模标准化考试的质量要求，能够按教学大纲的要求反映我国大学生的英语水平，因此有力地推动了大学英语教学大纲的贯彻实施，促进了我国大学英语教学水平的提高。
大学英语考试已经得到社会的承认，每年参考人数超过1100万人次，是全球参考人数最多的单次考试，目前已经成为各级人事部门录用大学毕业生的标准之一，产生了一定的社会效益。
根据目前的改革进程，近期内大学英语四、六级考试口语考试仍将与笔试分开实施，继续采用已经实施了五年的面试型的四、六级口语考试(CET-SET)。
同时，考委会将积极研究开发计算机化口语测试，以进一步扩大口语考试规模，推动大学英语口语教学。
由于四、六级考试是一个每年涉及上千万考生的超大规模标准化考试，因此考试内容和形式的改革须经过一定规模的试点，对新试卷的有效性和可行性作出科学的论证，并了解师生的反馈。
为此，自2006年1月开始，从参加大学英语教学改革试点学生中试行改革后的四级考试，自2006年6月开始以同等方式试行新的六级考试。
CET6真题高频词汇大解析(五)
CET6真题高频词汇大解析（五）Coincide（7次）1. It was such a（n）_______when Pat and Mike met each other in Tokyo. Each thought that the other was still in Hong Kong. （05/6）A）occurrenceB）coincidenceC）fancyD）destiny2. It is no ____that a large number of violent crimes are committed under the influence of alcohol. （03/9）A）coincidenceB）correspondenceC）inspirationD）intuition3. It is fortunate for the old couple that their sons career goals and their wishes for him _____. （03/6）A）coincideB）complyC）conformD）collaborate4. The helicopter ______ a light plane and both pilots were killed.（01/1）A）coincided withB）stumbled onC）tumbled toD）collided with5. When you put up wallpaper, should you ______ the edges or put them next to each other? （00/6）A）coincideB）extendC）overlapD）collide6. Mary once _______ with another musician to compose a piece of pop music. （98/6）A）mergedB）collaboratedC）coincidedD）constituted7. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in _____ with its surroundings. （98/1）A）coincidenceB）harmonyC）uniformD）allianceAscertain（3次）1. The police are trying to ________ what really happened. （04/6）A）ascertainB）assertC）avertD）ascribe2. _______ that the demand for power continues to rise at the current rate, it will not be long before traditional sources become inadequate. （02/12）A）ConcerningB）AscertainingC）AssumingD）Regarding3. We shall probably never be able to ____ the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles. （02/6）A）assertB）impartC）ascertainD）notifyAssemble（3次）1. The idea is to _____ the frequent incidents of collision to test the strength of the wind-shields. （03/6）A）assembleB）simulateC）accumulateD）forge2. Now the cheers and applause _______in a single sustained roar.（00/1）A）mingledB）concentratedC）assembledD）permeated3. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to _______ in the courtyard. （97/6）A）assembleB）convergeC）crowdD）accumulateAssure（2次）1. Sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to ____ cheques if his clerks are not sure about them. （03/12）A）creditB）assureC）certifyD）access2. For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as ________.（01/6）A）assuredB）reservedC）intimateD）confidentialBudget（2次）1. The government has devoted a larger slice of its national ______ to agriculture than most other countries. （98/1）A）resourcesB）potentialC）budgetD）economy2. The education ______ for the coming year is about $4 billion, which is much more than what people expected. （97/1）A）allowanceB）reservationC）budgetD）financeCoincide：BAADC BBAscertain：ACCAssemble：BAAAssure：CDBudget：CC高频词讲解:Coincide共消失7次，作为主考词3次，陪考词4次。
2000年大事记
北京教育学院2000年大事记1月份1月6日上午，中文系召开全体教师座谈会。
会议邀请北师大童庆炳先生谈目前教育形势改革的情况。
(中文系供稿)1月11日，科研处组织学术委员会委员进行了1999-2000年度院级科研课题中期检查。
检查的目的是：（1）了解课题进展情况与研究过程中存在的问题，共同研究解决问题的办法；（2）督促各系学术小组负起责任，推进本系的科研工作。
（科研处供稿）1月12日，图书资料中心举行了一年一度的第8届学术研讨会。
倪益琛院长和负责图书资料中心工作的副院长李方到会并分别作了讲话。
（图书资料中心供稿）1月15日、1月16日两天，我院组织了99级学历班公共英语课的统一考试，分别在院内及远郊区县共设12个考点，考场58个，有2126人参加了考试。
（教务处供稿）1月15日至17日,我院98级754名学员参加了由北京市教委组织的成人高等院校《计算机应用基础课程》统测。
（教务处供稿）1月18日我院召开1999年学院信息工作表彰大会，学院党委书记兼院长倪益琛同志、学院党委副书记唐亦勤同志出席大会并为优秀信息员、优秀信息部门颁奖。
（院长办公室供稿）1月25日，受市教委成教处的委托，基础教育系召开了如何提高小学科任教师学历层次的专题座谈研讨会。
(基础教育系供稿)1月26日，学院召开了离退休人员春节团拜会。
（人保处供稿）1月31日，我院召开了历届书记、院长团拜会。
会议邀请了北京市教育系统的老领导北京市原政协副主席李晨、原教工委书记陈大白、北京教育丛书第一副主编姚幼钧、北京市人大代表、原北京市人大科教委员会主任史文炳等同志出席了会议，我院共有21位历届院级领导参加了此次团拜活动。
（院长办公室供稿）2月份2月13日至2月18日，我院开始了每年寒假的小教自考阅卷工作。
此次阅卷共有10门课程，总计22822份试卷。
（基础教育系供稿）2月15日至16日，在北京昌平小汤山华能培训中心，召开了我院寒假中层干部会。
（院长办公室供稿）3月份3月2日，1998-1999学年度院科研先进集体评奖会召开。
【考试】国家级英语考试
【关键字】考试现在来讲，公共英语针对社会考生，大学英语针对在校考生~公共英语三级相当于大学英语四级.公共英语四级相当于大学英语六级.(1）从题型上，PETS有口语考试，CET没有。
PETS从各级别交际能力考察的实际需要出发设置题型，主要有：客观性试题——多项选择、选择配伍；半客观性试题——改错、填空、简单概括；主观性试题——短文写作、翻译、口试。
（2）从实用性上，由于PETS更侧重交际能力的培养，互动性学习，对学习者来讲，更能全面提高英语水平，从而在实际应用中更能发挥英语的作用。
（3）从社会认可上，由于PETS是由国家教育部推出，它所具有的权威性无可置疑。
而且，教育部正在大力推广这种考试，并使之成为我国所有用人单位衡量英语专业人士英语水平的唯一标准。
（4）PETS大体相当于CET四级，PETS四级大体相当于CET六级，PETS五级标准相当于我国大学英语专业二年级结束时的水平。
社会考生不能报考大学英语四六级，因此，随着英语学习者越来越多，PETS考试很有可能成为最热门的社会考试更具体的区别，你可以到中外招生网大学英语等级考试面向的是在校大学生，公共英语可以是学生也可以是社会人员。
大学英语四、六级考试（College English Test，简称CET）是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试；考试的主要东西是根据教育大纲修完大学英语四级或六级的大学本科生或研究生。
大学英语四、六级标准化考试自1986年末开始筹备，1987年正式实施。
国家教育部委托“全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会”（1993年前名为“大学英语四、六级标准化考试设计组”）负责设计、组织、管理与实施大学英语四、六级考试（包括俄、日、德、法语种的考试）大学英语四、六级考试(CET4、6)日期CET全国四六级考试的报名时间为：每年1月份、6月份（每年时间略有不同）考试时间为：每年一月份第三个星期六，口试安排在4月底5月初；笔试每年6月份第三个星期六，口试安排在4月底5月初四级：8元；六级：16元(由教育部确定，每年收费略有不同) 报名资格(1)全国大学英语四级和六级考试的主要东西分别是高等学校修完大学英语四级或六级的本科生；(2) 同等程度的大专生或硕士研究生经所在学校同意，可在本校报名参加考试；(3) 同等程度的夜大或函授大学学生经所在学校同意，可在本校报名参加考试；(4) 凡已取得CET-4 合格证书者不能再参加CET-4 考试；凡已取得CET-6 合格证书者不能再参加CET-6 考试。
历年四级英语作文题目
历年四级英语作文题目（1991-2005）2006年10月16日星期一上午 10:491991年6月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words on Changes in People's Diet.Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to：1.state the changes in people's diet (饮食) in the past five years;2. give possible reasons for the changes.3. draw your own conclusions.4. you should quote as few figures as possible.Food Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45%Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13%Meet 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21%Fruit and vegetables 24% 22% 20% 20% 21%Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%Changes in People's Diet1993年1月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport. You should write no less than 100 w ords and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.运动的积极因素2.运动的消极因素3.你的体会Positive and Negative Aspects of Sport1993年6月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Most Favorite Programme. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1．我最喜爱的电视（或无线电）节目是……2．这类节目的内容和特点3．我喜欢它的原因My Most Favorite Programme1994年1月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller. You should write at least 100 wor ds and you should base your composition onthe outline (given in Chinese) below:1.现代的交通工具越来越发达2.人与人之间的交往越来越频繁3.结论The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller1995年1月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Can Money Buy Happiness?You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.有人认为金钱是幸福之本（source of happiness）2.也有人认为金钱是万恶之源（root of all evil）3.我的看法Can Money Buy Happiness?1995年6月CET作文题目四级作文题：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Advantage of a Job Interview. You should write at least 100 words and y ou should base your composition on outline (given in Chinese) below:1.现在找工作一般都要面试，通过面试，面试者（interviewer）和应试者(interviewee) 可以互相了解情况。
新东方六级词汇(WORD文本)FVVS整理必属精品
fvvs整理必属精品（1）加-iontempt temptation诱惑，诱惑物reveal revelation显示，揭露transact transaction处理，交易vegetable vegetation植被，植物propose proposition主张，建议，命题irrigate irrigation灌溉，冲洗justify justification认为有理，辩护abort abortion失败，夭折identify identification辨认，鉴定，证明perfect perfection尽善尽美，完美，完成specify specification详述；规范，说明complicated complication复杂化circulate circulation循环sense sensation感觉compensate compensation补偿，赔偿concept conception观念，概念imitate imitation模仿，效法create creation创造(2)加–ity四级词汇六级词汇special specialty/speciality专业productive productivity生产率public publicity公开，宣传humid humidity湿度hospitable hospitality好客，盛情liable liability责任，义务，债务probable probability能性，概率moral morality道德(3)加–ance,-ence四级词汇六级词汇disturb disturbance动荡，干扰resemble resemblance类似，类同之处attend attendance出席，照料rely reliance信任，依靠coincide coincidence一致，巧合assure assurance确信，断言，保证(4)加–ment四级词汇六级词汇ship shipment装船，出货refresh refreshment恢复，茶点engage engagement约会，定婚base basement地下室，墙角harass harassment折磨unemployed unemployment失业nickname绰号，昵称offspring子孙，后代safeguard保护，安全措施woodpecker啄木鸟drawback退税，欠缺streamline流线型beforehand预先breakdown崩溃，衰弱breakthrough突破commonwealth国民整体，联邦cocktail鸡尾酒，开味counterpart副本，配对物database数据库，资料库fellowship交情，奖学金forerunner先驱者handbook手册manuscript手稿，原稿telecommunication电讯，长途通讯Thanksgiving感恩，感恩祈祷trademark商标turnover翻覆三)类别词汇的扩大在英语词汇中，有些词表示“类概念”，另一些词表示“种概念”。
新标准大学英语(第二版)综合教程2 Unit 6 B篇练习答案及课文翻译
Warming Up
2. Where did you learn most about science? 3. How much do you remember about your science
lessons at school? 4. Who was your best science teacher? Why do you
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2 So how do you get them to learn about science? Well, if you go into a campus bookstore youcan findout.Therearesongbooksfor biochemists,with chemical formulae set to music to make them easier to remember. Relativity is explained in a video game which is a simulation of a rocket journey through space: You can play tennis on board as the rocket speeds up or slows down. And there are cartoons to make even the most obscure scientific subjects accessible, and fun as well.
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3 Buteventhesemethodsofgeneratinginteresthavebecomeconventional.Rather more radical is the proposal which a physics professor has come up with – to learnscience from themistakesinsciencefictionfilms.Someofthefilms may be dreadful, but they hide a lot of helpful messages. Students just have to sit back, relax, enjoy the film, and soak up a bit of science at the same time.
关于2000年1月大学英语四、六统考报名的通知
复旦大学关于2012年6月国家大学英语四、六级统考报名的通知一、接教育部通知，2012年6月将进行全国大学英语四、六级考试。
具体考试时间和科目安排如下：语四级、日语四级、德语四级、俄语四级的考试。
●2012年6月16日（周六）下午3：00 进行大学英语六级考试、日语六级考试、德语六级和俄语六级考试。
●不能同时报名参加英语四级和英语六级的考试。
●不能同时报名参加英语六级和小语种六级的考试。
●不能同时报名参加英语四级和小语种四级的考试。
二、参加大学英语四级考试报名条件：1.未通过国家大学英语四级的本校各年级学生。
2.未通过国家大学英语四级的本校研究生。
三、参加大学英语六级统考报名条件：1.已通过国家大学英语四级考试的本校各年级学生。
上海市普通高校插班生如需要报名参加大学英语六级考试且网上无法报名的，需携带大学英语四级成绩单到教务处注册考务中心报名（报名时间为3月12-3月13日的工作时间）。
2.已通过国家大学英语四级考试的本校各年级研究生。
四、报名方式：为简化报名手续，我校学生实施网上报名。
1. 本科生、高职生网上报名地址：/报名流程：进入URP系统→点击教务系统图标→在“校外考试报名”中进行报名。
2．研究生网上报名地址：https:///amserver/UI/Login?goto=:84/epstar/app/fudan/cetStdIndex.jsp教务处不接受学生个人报名！3．重要提示：请每一位学生在报名时，务必仔细填写并认真核对各项信息，成绩报告单中各项信息（如证件号码，姓名等）将以此为准，如有错误，责任由学生自负。
4．本科生、高职生证件号码有误或缺失的，请带好身份证原件和复印件，到综合楼225房间修改。
留学生（不含港、澳、台学生）护照信息有误的，请先到留学生办公室出具相关证明，再到综合楼225房间修改。
研究生证件号码有误或缺失的，请在“研究生教育管理系统”中填写“基本信息变更申请”，并带好身份证原件和复印件，到研究生院修改。
6月英语六级词汇题型分析与应试技巧
6月英语六级词汇题型分析与应试技巧《大学英语教学大纲(修订本)》要求英语六级领会式掌握5500个单词(其中复用式掌握单词为3000个)，以及由这些词构成的常用词组2000条，并具有按照构词法识别生词的能力;大纲中新增300多个单词，使六级词汇的难度有所增加。
为使考生备考时能够突出重点，有的放矢，提高应试水平，笔者对历年六级试题中词汇局部进展了分析，并总结出了一些应试技巧。
以期对正在备考的考生有所帮助与启发。
大学英语六级词汇试题测试主要采用难词辨义、近义词辨析、短语辨析、固定搭配、形(音)近易混词辨析等题型。
这类题的目的在于考查考生的词汇量，在考试中所占比例最大。
题的选项(词)在难度上略微偏高，而考生又必须认识这四个选项(词)，并且要与句子(题干)的内容联系起来，使句子的内容统一完整，所以这类题有相当的难度。
因此考生应注重平时的词汇积累，做题时要抓住题干中的线索，准确理解题干句的逻辑意义，做出符合句意的选择。
【例1】The medicine his pain but did not cure his illness.(CET-6，xx年6月42题)A.activatedB.alleviatedC.medicatedD.deteriorated【分析】答案为B。
A.activated"使……活泼起来、使……开始起作用";B.alleviated"使……(痛苦等)减轻、缓和"，与句子意思相符合;C.medicated"在某物中搀入药品、以药物治疗";D.deteriorated"恶化、变坏"。
【例2】The doctors don't that he will live much longer.(CET-6，2000年1月 41题)A.manifestB.articulateC.anticipateD.monitor【分析】答案为C。
大学英语四、六级阅读语篇难易度测量
42018年18期总第406期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS一、引言大学英语四、六级考试自1987年开始实施，是衡量我国大学生英语水平的重要标准，因此也成为了企业选拔人才的重要尺度之一。
作为世界上最大的单科考试，大学英语四、六级考试大纲和题型经历了数次调整，但阅读理解的比重一直是最大的，凸显了其重要性。
作为标准化语言能力测试，其信度和效度至关重要。
因此，命题者会尽量控制其难度在基本相当的范围。
本研究以近十年(2007-2017)大学英语四、六级真题的阅读语篇为语料，通过统计字词句数量、超纲词比率、Flesch Reading Ease指数和Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level指数对大学英语四、六级真题的阅读语篇难易度进行测量。
二、英文易读性的测量易读性(readability)亦称可读性、易读度，指文本易于阅读和理解的程度或性质。
易读性的研究对于阅读理论和阅读教学具有重要的意义，也因此引起了众多语言教学和研究者的关注。
从20世纪20开始，国外学者就开始了英文易读性的研究。
经过多年的努力，已经开发出了上百个易读性公式(readability formulas)，比较知名的有：Flesch Reading Ease和Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level，Fry，Fog，Dale-Chall，Smog，Spache 等。
易读性公式主要通过定量的方法对文本的难易程度进行测定，本质上是用代数方程式来量化文本因素与易读性之间的关系。
因此，大部分的可读性结果都以公式的形式来表达，通常附有可读性对照表，如：Flesch Reading Ease、Fry等。
众多的可读性公式因其侧重点不同也存在一些差异，如对句子长度，平均大学英语四、六级阅读语篇难易度测量文/王家义 王心 孙凤桃【摘要】阅读理解在大学英语四、六级考试中占有重要比重，其难度的控制情况直接影响到四、六级考试的信度和效度。
《中国图书馆分类法》（第5版）英语水平考试类目探讨
《中国图书馆分类法》（第5版）英语水平考试类目探讨李清【摘要】目前英语水平考试的名目繁多、题型不同，专论主题文献多种多样。
利用《中国图书馆分类法》（以下简称《中图法》）（第5版）对英语考试类文献归类时存在以下问题与困惑：归类不符合《中图法》（第5版）列类的基本原则，部分专论主题无类可入，主题分散归类致使读者查找不方便。
因此，应该通过突出“考试”目标、集中归类、对类号进行组配、对专论主题单独列类等方法修改及完善英语水平考试类相关类目，以更好地突出其科学性及实用性。
%At present, items of the English proficiency test have many varieties, and the type of the English proficiency test is various, so monograph literatures are also many and varied. There are some problems and confusions in classifying literatures of the category of the English proficiency test in Chinese Library Classification(CLC) (5th edition), such as the classification does not conform to the basic principle of the category setting in CLC(5th edition); some monographs couldn't be classified into any category; some themes are classified dispersedly so that it isn't convenient for reader's retrieval. Therefore, we should revise and perfect relative categodes of the English proficiency test through outstanding the target of test, classifying categories intensively, coordinating the class number and setting up separate categories for monographs, in order to stress the scientificalness and practicability of the subject.【期刊名称】《图书馆建设》【年(卷),期】2012(000)012【总页数】3页(P47-49)【关键词】《中国图书馆分类法》（第5版）;英语水平考试;类目设置【作者】李清【作者单位】西安石油大学图书馆,陕西西安710065【正文语种】中文【中图分类】G254.12随着英语水平考试在人们生活中的重要性日益突出，英语水平考试类文献的使用频率不断增加，各高校图书馆的相关馆藏也越来越多。
英语六级许可口令 -回复
英语六级许可口令-回复以下是根据给定的主题"[英语六级许可口令]"写的一篇1500-2000字的文章。
[英语六级许可口令]IntroductionGaining proficiency in the English language is a highly regarded achievement, and for many, passing the English Proficiency Test at the sixth level (CET-6) is a significant milestone. In this article, we will explore the steps one can take to prepare for and succeed in obtaining the CET-6 certification.Step 1: Understand the test format and requirementsBefore embarking on any journey, it is essential to understand the destination. The CET-6 test consists of listening, reading, and writing sections, and candidates are expected to demonstrate their comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills. By familiarizing yourself with the test structure and requirements, you will be better equipped to allocate sufficient time for preparationand target specific areas that need improvement.Step 2: Build a comprehensive study planDeveloping a study plan is crucial to ensure consistent and organized preparation for the CET-6 exam. Start by evaluating your current English language proficiency level and identifying your strengths and weaknesses. Create a timetable that allows for regular practice in all areas of the test, including listening, reading, writing, and vocabulary expansion. It is also important to allocate time to examine past exam papers and sample questions to familiarize yourself with the test's style and difficulty level.Step 3: Enhance listening skillsListening is an integral part of the CET-6 exam, and honing this skill is essential for success. Prioritize listening practice by actively engaging in English-language audio materials such as podcasts, radio shows, and lectures. Focus on improving your ability to understand different accents, intonations, and speech speeds. Additionally, utilize online listening exercises tailored specifically for CET-6 preparation to develop your listening comprehensionskills and strengthen your overall performance in this section.Step 4: Strengthen reading comprehensionThe reading section of the CET-6 exam tests your ability to comprehend and analyze written English passages. To enhance your reading skills, make it a habit to read English texts regularly. Start with simpler materials, such as articles, short stories, or news reports, and gradually progress to more complex texts, such as academic papers or literary works. While reading, take note of unfamiliar words or phrases and strive to expand your vocabulary. Practicing past reading comprehension papers will also help you familiarize yourself with the question formats and aid in time management during the actual exam.Step 5: Master grammar and vocabularyA strong foundation in English grammar and vocabulary is crucial when aiming for success in the CET-6 exam. Devote time to studying grammar rules, tenses, sentence structure, and idiomatic expressions. Utilize grammar books, online resources, and mobile applications specifically designed for CET-6 preparation.Additionally, focus on expanding your vocabulary by learning new words and phrases through regular reading and dedicated vocabulary-building exercises.Step 6: Practice writing essaysThe writing section of the CET-6 exam requires candidates to express their thoughts and ideas in a clear and coherent manner. To improve your writing skills, practice writing essays on a variety of topics within the given time frame. Pay attention to paragraph structure, coherence, and grammar usage. Seek feedback from English teachers or native speakers to identify areas for improvement and strengthen your writing abilities further.ConclusionObtaining the CET-6 certification is a challenging but rewarding task. By following these steps, you will be well-prepared to tackle the exam with confidence. Remember to practice consistently, seek clarification when needed, and maintain a positive attitude throughout your preparation journey. With perseverance anddedication, success in the CET-6 exam will be within your reach.。
cet4核心高频词汇2000
CET4核心高频词汇（2000.1-2003.6）非词汇部分2000年1月听力词汇appointment n.约会absorb vt. 吸收affect v. 影响atmosphere n. 大气,大气层awful a. 极坏的,令人不快的barrel n. 桶complain vi. 抱怨concentration n. 专注,专心confirm vt. 证实,肯定environment n. 环境estimate vt. 估计,估量exhaustion n. 排气装置insect n. 昆虫performance n. 表演,演出resource n. 资源supermarket n. 超级市场switch v. 转变,转换阅读词汇association n. 协会approach n. 方法,途径avoid vt. 避免applicable a. 可实用的,可实施的attitude n. 态度arbitrary a. 随意的,任意的audience n. 听众,观众alteration n. 改变bacteria n. 细菌collision n. 冲撞consequence n. 结果critical a. 批判性的comprise vt. 包含,由…组成casual a. 随便的,非正式的consumer n. 消费者excessive a. 过多的emphasize vt. 强调fatal a. 致命的hazard n. 危害impression n. 印象influence n. 影响illustrate vt. 阐明,说明investigation n. 调查individual a. 个别的,单独的locate vt. 使坐落于luxurious n. 奢侈,华贵multiply v. 使增加,使繁殖nuclear a. 核能的,核武器的optimistic a. 乐观主义的objective a. 客观的profit n. 利润,收益region n. 地区romantic a. 浪漫的relaxation n. 放松substance n. 物质significance n. 意义完形回答词汇additional a. 添加的combine v. 结合oblige vt. 迫使observation n. 观察partial a. 偏爱的remarkable a. 直到注意的reasonable a. 合理的,有道理的survey n. 调查virtually ad. 实际上,事实上2000年6月听力词汇assignment n. 任务,作业apartment n. 一套公寓房间affection n. 爱慕之情,感情accurate a. 准确的,capable a. 有能力的challenge n. 挑战commit v. 犯错误,罪行等essay n. 散文exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽reliable a. 可靠的range n. 幅度,范围string n. 细绳psychological a. 心理学的appreciate vt. 欣赏agent n. 代理人arrow n.箭abuse n. 滥用benefit v. 有益于overcome vt. 克服semester n. 学期frequent a. 经常发生的embarrassed a. 难堪的finance n. 财政postpone vt. 延期weapon n. 武器target n. 目标阅读词汇appoint vt. 任命analyse v. 同analyze, 分析accord vi. 相符合,一致advantage n. 有利条件amount n. 量,总额consideration n. 考虑climate n. 气候crack v. 使破裂barber n. 理发师confidence n. 信任consist v. 组成cushion n. 垫子companionship n. 同伴关系dispute vt. 争论detail n.详情dependency n. 独立burden n. 重担divorce v. 离婚discard vt. 丢弃disadvantage n. 不利条件depression n. 抑郁,沮丧despite n. 不管define vt. 给…下定义depend v. 依靠inspector n. 检查者welfare n. 福利worship n. 崇拜effort n. 努力elevator n. 电梯expense n. 花费inspire vt 鼓舞indispensable a. 不可缺少的instrumental a. 起作用的,有帮助的relationship n. 关系superior a. 较好的,stress vt. 强调laundry n. 洗衣店primary a.主要的2001年1月听力词汇awareness n. 意识contribution n. 贡献complicated a. 复杂的confuse vt. 使困惑enhance vt. 增加presentation n. 显示permanent a. 永久性的transportation n. 传播talent n.才能outstanding a.杰出的,显著的authority n. 权威arrange vt. 安排automobile n. 汽车criminal n. 罪犯enormous a. 巨大的scratch n. 抓痕mobile a. 活动的,移动的阅读词汇accelerate v. 使加快aluminum n. 铝enable vt. 使能够extreme a. 极度的,极端的essential a. 必不可少的expand v. 扩大,扩展establish vt.建立conservation n. 保存,保护issue vt. 发行deposit n. 沉积物priority n. 优先权victim n. 牺牲品sufficient a.足够的sensible a. 明智的,合情理的sensitive a. 敏感的,灵敏的spoil vt.损坏reputation n. 名誉rationality n. 理性remedy n. 补救办法recommend vt. 推荐outlet n. 出口mature a. 成熟的flexibility n.灵活性potential a.潜在的完形回答词汇evaluation n.评估elaborate vt.详述comment n..评论tolerance n.忍耐力2001年6月听力词汇ankle n.踝,踝关节adulthood n. 成年人colleague n. 同事dramatic a. 戏剧性的exaggerate vt. 夸大opportunity n.机会realistic a. 现实的focuse v. 使集中emotional a. 表现强烈情感的regardless ad. 不顾后果的,不管怎样transmit vt. 播送cancer n. 癌症阅读词汇abandon vt.丢弃,离弃available a. 现在可利用的,使用的attach vt. 使依恋swallow vt.吞咽shift v移动.spread vt.蔓延cliff n. 山崖cooperate v. 合作cautious a.谨慎的crisis n. 危机coordinate vt. 协调,调节correspond v. 相符合forecast vt.预测indicate vt. 显示instant a.食品速溶的participation n. 参与positive a. 积极的,肯定的reinforcement n. 增强responsibility n.责任occurrence n. 发生的事件perspective n.视角,观点paragraph n.段落policy n. 政策domestic a.国内的manufacturer n.制造商military a.军事的efficiency n. 效率完形回答词汇unique a.独一无二的principle n.原则promote vt.促进religion n.宗教emerge v. 浮现appeal v.呼吁summary n.摘要conclution n.结论2002年1月听力词汇reject vt.拒绝relevant a.有关的mission n.任务utter vt.发出声音,说portion n.一部分,一份maintenance n.维修license n.许可证complex a.复杂的,难懂的promotion n.促进imply vt. 暗示parrot n. 鹦鹉imitate vt.模仿native a. 出生地的temper n. 脾气,情绪阅读词汇accuse v. 指控,控告pessimistic a.悲观主义的pursue vt. 追求prejudice n.偏见subway n.地铁vehicle n.交通工具,车辆calculate vt.计算reserve vt.保存classify vt把…分类confrontation n. 遭遇recreation n. 娱乐活动,消遣resort v.求助,凭借bacteria n. 细菌campus n.大学校园adoption n. 采用.采纳render vt.使得,致使enrich vt. 使丰富volunteer n.自愿者expansion n. 扩大impose vt.把…强加于discrimination n.歧视decline v.减少,降低challenge n. 挑战consciousness n.意识完形填空词汇amaze vt.使大为惊奇angle n.角度artificial a.人工的wander vt.漫游rhythm n.节奏motion n.手势,眼色2002年6月听力词汇accent n.口音advertisement n.广告assume vt.假定,假设departure n.离开,出发voluntary a.自愿的isolated a.隔离的,孤立的originally ad.起初得,intensity n.强烈,剧烈cancel vt.取消optional a.可以任选的application n.申请书rural a.农村的editor n.编辑brief n.概要,comprehensive a.广泛的,综合的cement n.水泥represent vt. 作为…的代表element n.元素particle n. 微粒interfere v.干涉,介入阅读词汇stressful a.压力的,紧张的sophisticated a. 老于世故的,精通的initiative n.主动性intensive a.加强的,集中的impact vt.影响insight n.洞察力creativity n.创造力creature n.生物component n.部件,元件panic n.恐慌participation n.参与prior a.优先的,在前的negative a.否定的female n.雌的,女性的relieve vt.缓解recall vt.回忆起repetition n. 重复delighted a.快乐的decade n.十年episode n.一连串事件中的一个事件enable vt.使能够essential a.必不可少的完形填空词汇achievement n.成绩intelligence n.智力factor n.因素variation n.变化2002年12月听力词汇redecorate vt. 重先装饰literature n.文学,文学作品previous a. 先前的,预先的commercial a.商业的marine a.海事的,海运的innocent a.清白的,无罪的vocabulary n.词汇量mysterious a.神秘的,难以理解的species n.种,类ensure vt.确保,保证阅读词汇immense a.广大的,巨大的genuine a.真的,非人造的characteristic n. 特性fame n.名气abundant a.足够的magnetic a.有吸引力的personality n.人性,人格demonstrate vt.论证hardship n.艰难,困苦sacrifice n.牺牲attractive a.有吸引力的response n.回答,答复traditional a.传统的enrollment n.招收,吸收philosophy a.哲学representative n.代表diverse a. 不同的,相异的distinguish vt.区别,分别interpretation n.解释,说明intellectual a.智力的,善于思维的statement n. 陈诉,说法engage v.使从事,使忙于involve v.使卷入,使参与executive a. 执行的,行政的rank n.行列accompany vt.陪同qualification n.资格,资格证明indifferent a.冷漠的,不关心的negotiation n. 协商monitor vt.监视consult vt,请教,找…商量motivation n.动机schedule n.时刻表,时间安排表boast vt.夸张campaign n.运动enterprise n.企业单位完形填空词汇system n.系统symbolic a.符号的,标志的instance n. differ v.不同aircraft n.飞机,航空器function n. 功能,作用cease vt.停止,终止2003年6月听力词汇furnish vt.布置inquire vt.询问chapter n.章,回,篇explosion n.爆发optional a.可以任选的earnestly ad.认真得teenager n.年轻人阅读词汇leisure a. 空闲时间comparable a.可比较的contrast n.对比,对照sample vt.从…中取样(试验或调查)neglect vt.忽视,忽略glimpse n.一瞥,一看vividly ad.生动得federal a.联邦制度的budget n.预算section n. 部分prosperity n.兴旺,繁荣assembly n.集会,议会hazard n.危险phenomenon n.现象,迹象sequence n.连接,连续mess n.凌乱状态peak a.高峰的abusive a.滥用的description n.描述victory n.胜利determinant n.决心development n.发展infant n.婴儿spark n.火花behalf n.利益,方面link n.连接,联系fundamental a.基本的convey vt.表达,传达absolute a.完全的charity n.慈善事业完形填空词汇desirable值得想望的frustrate vt.使沮丧limitation n.限制contradiction n.矛盾,不一致discipline n.纪律sympathy n.同情,同情心acquire vt.取得,获取词汇部分2000年1月appointment n.约会, 指定arrangement n.排列, 安排alter v.改变blast n. 一阵风swallow vt. 吞咽comparatively adv.比较地,相当地nuisance n.讨厌的人或东西considerate a. 考虑周到的consistent a. 一致的consume vt. 消费dispose vt.布置, 安排continual a. 连续的,频繁的optimistic a. 乐观的exhaust vt.用尽, 耗尽fundamentally adv.基础地,根本地obvious a. 显而易见的outstanding a. 突出的,显著的optional a. 可选择的split v. 劈开transfer vt.转移shift vt.替换vary vt.改变transport vt. 传送transmit vt. 转送,发送2000年6月cancel vt.取消, 删去conservative a.保守的, 守旧的confident a.自信的, 确信的determination n.决心, 果断exaggerated a. 夸大的generous a.慷慨的, 大方的grant vt.同意, 准予implied a. 暗指的postpone vt.推迟, 使延期,延迟remedy n. 药物status n.身份, 地位significance n.意义, 重要性accurate a.正确的, 精确的urgent a.急迫的, 紧急的excessive a.过多的, 过分的partial a.偏袒的, 偏爱的preferable a.更可取的, 更好的, 更优越的liable a.易...的, 有...倾向的,负有责任的,extensive a.广大的supreme a 至高的, 最高的involve vt.包括, 笼罩comprise v.包含, 由...组成2001年1月abandoned a.被抛弃的adapt vt.使适应, 改编emphasize vt. 强调exhausted a.耗尽的, 疲惫的injured a.受伤的,受损害的minimum a. 最小的multiply v.繁殖, 乘, 增加recommend vt.推荐, 介绍reinforce vt. 加强scarce a. 缺乏的transfer vt.转移transmission n. 播送,发送transportation n. 运输,运送2001年六月arise v.产生,出现,发生arouse vt.唤醒, 唤起,assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配assume vt.假定, 设想confirm vt.确定, 批准, 使巩固, 使有效ensure vt.保证, 担保entitle vt.给...权利(或资格) fame n.名声, 名望fluent a.流利的, 流畅的fluid a.流动的, 不固定的generate vt.产生, 发生guarantee vt.保证, 担保inhabitant n. 居住者lest conj.唯恐, 以免lodger n.寄宿者, 投宿者rank n.等级, 横列, 阶级resident n.居民scale n.刻度,衡量,比例,数值范围scope n.(活动)范围, 机会, 余地span n.跨度, 跨距, 范围status n.身份, 地位tremendous a.极大的, 巨大的yield vi.(～to)屈服, 屈从2002年1月absolutely adv.完全地, 绝对地abundant a.丰富的, 充裕的access vt.存取, 接近accurate a.正确的, 精确的acknowledge vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿aggressive a.好斗的, 敢作敢为的arbitrary a.任意的, 武断的artificially adv.人工地automatically adv.自动地, 机械地avenue n.林荫道, 大街barrier n.(阻碍通道的)障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障capacity n.容量, 生产量delicate a.精巧的, 精致的diagram n.图表exclusively adv.排外地, 专有地exposure n.暴露, 揭露impact n. 影响, 效果indispensable a.不可缺少的,绝对必要的infinite a.无穷的, 无限的label n.标签, 签条manually adv.用手地,手工地potential a.潜在的, 可能rigid a.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的signal n.信号synthetically adv.综合地, 合成地tragedy n.悲剧, 惨案, 悲惨,灾难transformation n.变化, 转化transmission n.播送, 发射transportation n.运输, 运送vacuum n.真空, 空间2002年6月attach vt.缚上, 系上, 贴上convey vt.搬运, 传达, 转让delicate a.精巧的, 精致的density n.密度efficient a. 有效率的inferior a.下等的, 下级的influential a.有影响的, 有势力的inspire vt. 鼓舞intensity n. 强度intensive a.强烈的, 精深的joint vt.连接, 接合omit vt.省略, 疏忽, 遗漏opportunity n.机会overlook vt.远眺, 没注意到peculiar a. 奇特的,罕见的popularity n. 普及,流行potential a,.潜在的,可能的preserve vt. 保护proficient n. 精通promote vt.促进, 发扬prosperity n.繁荣reinforce vt.加强, 增援release vt.释放, 解放relief n.(痛苦等的)减轻reserve vt. 储备retain vt. 保持.保留sensible a.有感觉的, 明智的,有判断力的sensitive a.敏感的, 灵敏的skim v.撇去spark vi.闪烁, 发火花sufficient a.足够充分的superior a.较高的, 上级的sustain vt. 支撑symbol n.符号, 记号, 象征symptom n.[医]症状, 征兆tender a.嫩的, 温柔的, 软弱的transferred a. 转移的, 调动的, 转让的unique a.唯一的, 独特的vacant a.空的, 空白的vague a.模糊的vain a.徒然的, 无益的valid a.有效的2003年1月accumulate v.积聚, 堆积accuse vt.指控,控告acquire vt.获得, 学到adopt vt.采用, 收养aggressive a.好斗的, 敢作敢为的assemble vt.集合, 聚集, 装配attribute n.属性, 品质, 特征, 加于, 归结于boundary n. 边界campaign n. 政治或商业活动conflict n. 斗争,冲突conventional a.惯例的,常规的crisis n.危机, 危险期critical a. 批评的,评论的cultivated a.耕耘的, 有教养的, 栽植的curse vt.诅咒, 咒骂emergency n.紧急情况, 突然事件entitled a. 有资格的fare n.费用fee n.费(会费、学费等), 酬金focus vt.使集中在焦点上identify vt.识别, 鉴别identity n. 同一性,身份insight n.洞察力, 见识outlook n.观点, 见解, 展望,前景particle n. 粒子,点payment n.付款, 支付precaution n.预防, 警惕, 防范range n. 行列,范围recognition n.认出,识别routine n. 常规,日常事物scope n. 活动范围,机会shortcoming n.缺点strained a. 紧张的substance n. 物质substantial a.坚固的, 实质的urgency n.紧急, 紧急的事2003年6月accompany vt.陪伴acknowledgement n.承认,确认acquaintance n.相识, 熟人acquire vt.获得, 学到appoint vt.约定association n.协会, 联合assume vt.假定, 设想assure vt. 确告, 保证bare a.赤裸的benefit n.利益, 好处border n.边界, 国界contract n.合同, 契约deliberate a.深思熟虑的depression n.沮丧derive vi.起源despair n.绝望, 失望diverse a不同的, 变化多的emergency n.紧急情况, 突然事件entertain vt. 招待extensive a.广大的, 广阔的, 广泛的fatigue n.疲乏, 疲劳grant vt.同意, 准予hollow a.空的innocent adj.(～of) 清白的, 无罪的insured adj.加入保险的leak vi.漏, 泄漏margin n.页边空白mature adj.成熟的mess n.混乱状态mission n.使命, 任务motion n.(物体的)运动particular a. 详细的peculiar adj.奇怪的pledge vt.保证plunge n.投入promote vt.促进, 发扬, prospect n. 前景, 前途provision n.供应recession n.经济的衰退release n.释放relief n.轻松,宽慰roar n.吼叫, 怒号rub v.擦, 摩擦schedule n.时间表,日程安排表scrape n.刮, 擦shrink v.收缩slim adj.苗条的, 纤细的trend n.倾向, 趋势vacant a. 未被占用的,空着的whistle n.口哨2003年9月access vt.存取, 接近adapt vt.使适应, 改编adopt vt.采用, 收养advocate vt.提倡, 鼓吹acknowledge vt.承认, 答谢, 报偿allowance n.津贴, 补助association n.协会, 联合convey vt. 传达, 转让elaborate a. 详尽的distinguish v.区别, 辨别emit vt.发出, 放射enclosed a.被附上的involved a.有关的identify vt.识别, 鉴别install vt.安装, 安置mood n.心情, 情绪motivated a.有根据的, 有动机的, 由...推动的transport vt.传送, 运输patch vt.修补, 补缀, 掩饰, 平息profit vt.有益于, 有利于strengthen v.加强, 巩固yield vi.(～to)屈服, 屈从。
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The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ___ into fragments. A. broke away B. broke up C. broke off D. broke through
The detective and his assistant have begun to ___ the mysterious murder. A. look into B. see to C. make over D. come through
Now the cheers and applause ___ in a single sustained roar. A. assembled B. concentrated C. mingled D. permeated
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This book is expected to ___ the best-seller lists. A. exemplify B. promote C. prevail D. dominate
That part of the city has long been ___ for its street violence. A. historical B. illegal C. responsible D. notorious
Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ____. A. migration B. extinction C. destruction D. extraction
If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ___ away all the rocks. A. repel B. haul C. transfer D. dispose
It took us only a few hours to ___ the paper off all 4 walls. A. chip B. shear C. stroke D. scrape
The famous scientist ___ his success to hard work. A. acknowledged B. ascribed C. granted D. imparted
It is difficult to ___ of a plan to end poverty. A. ponder B. reckon C. speculate D. conceive
This movie is not ___ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes. A. profound B. valid C. upright D. decent
His ___ was telling him that something was wrong. A. sentiment B. inspiration C. hypothesis D. intuition
This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ___ of American life. A. facets B. fashions C. frontiers D. formats
My sister is quite ___ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year. A. aggressive B. enthusiastic C. ambitious D. considerate
The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ___ details that would be settled later. A. alternate B. trivial C. versatile D. preliminary
2000-1 CET-6
vocabulary
The doctors don’t ___ that he will live much longer. A. manifest B. articulate C. anticipate D. monitor
I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ___. A. feasible B. eligible C. probable D. sustainable
Clark felt that his ___ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent. A. appreciation B. participation C. presentation D. apprehension
As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ___ of a brilliant career. A. edge B. porch C. threshold D. course
If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ___. A. greasy B. sticky C. slippery D. waxy
The damage to his car was ___; therefore, he could repair it himself. A. appreciable B. negligible C. considerable D. invisible
England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to ___ themselves for last year’s defeat. A. remedy B. revive C. revenge D. retort
Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an ___ and orderly fashion. A. intricate B. internal C. initial D. incredible
Parents often faced the ___ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness. A. junction B. paradox C. premise D. dilemma
The old gentleman was a very ___ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacle. A. respective B. respectful C. respectable D. respected
The ___ lawyer made a great impression on the jury. A. defending B. guarding C. shielding D. protecting
Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ___. A. intelligible B. obscure C. dim D. conspicuous
Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ___ by steam. A. towed B. tossed C. propelled D. pressed
Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ___ themselves. A. stretching B. extending C. prolonging D. expanding