8R TRACTOR
EdgeRouter ER-8-XG 快速开始指南说明书
2/15
19.02.2020
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USB
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RJ45 ser al console port for Command L ne Interface (CLI) management. SFP+ (Ports eth1-8)
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Ready for use, not connected to Ub qu t ® Network Management System (UNMS™).
八重州VX-8R中文说明书-1
crc_calculatecrc8h2f 算法
crc_calculatecrc8h2f 算法CRC(循环冗余校验)是一种广泛应用于数据传输和存储的错误检测算法。
CRC_CalculateCRC8H2F算法是一种特定的CRC算法,它使用8位CRC多项式并采用特定的计算方法。
本篇文章将详细介绍CRC_CalculateCRC8H2F算法的原理、步骤和实现方法。
一、CRC算法原理CRC算法通过生成一个唯一的校验码来检测数据传输中可能存在的错误。
它首先将数据序列作为初始值进行迭代,然后根据一定的规则(多项式)逐步修改这个值。
最后,将修改后的值与多项式的异或结果作为校验码。
如果数据在传输过程中发生了错误,校验码将会发生变化,从而可以检测出错误。
1. 初始化:将8位CRC寄存器初始化为0,选择8位CRC多项式(例如,CRC-8H2F多项式)。
2. 循环迭代:对于数据序列中的每个字节,执行以下操作:a. 将CRC寄存器的值向左循环移位一位(最低位补零)。
b. 与当前字节进行异或操作。
c. 如果移位过程中发生了进位,则需要处理进位(如果有)。
3. 生成校验码:将CRC寄存器的值与8位CRC多项式的异或结果作为最终的校验码。
4. 结束:完成对整个数据序列的CRC计算。
1. 代码实现:可以使用编程语言(如C、C++、Python等)来实现CRC_CalculateCRC8H2F算法。
具体的实现方法包括初始化CRC寄存器、循环迭代字节的异或操作、处理进位以及生成校验码等。
2. 硬件实现:对于一些特定的应用场景,还可以使用硬件设备来实现CRC_CalculateCRC8H2F算法。
例如,在通信领域,可以使用专门的硬件芯片来实现CRC计算,以提高计算速度和准确性。
3. 库函数调用:许多编程语言提供了内置的CRC计算库函数,可以直接调用。
使用者只需要提供数据序列和多项式参数,即可得到计算结果。
四、应用场景CRC_CalculateCRC8H2F算法广泛应用于数据传输、存储、通信等领域。
玛努利液压胶管系列
26
27
28
29
30
Wire braid reinforced hoses
钢丝编织增强胶管
31
32
33
MULTITEX PUSHFIT ADLER/2 ASTRO/2 ASTRO/3 HYDROPLAST HYDROTWIN
SAE 100 R6 EN 854 R6/1TE
34
PUSH-ON HOSE, SAE J30 R6
14
HOSES
SUMMARY
HOSE SIZE 胶管尺寸
WORKING PRESSURE (bar) / 工作压力 (bar) DN 5 6 8 10 12 16 19 25 31 38 51 60 63 76 DASH - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 8 - 10 - 12 - 16 - 20 - 24 - 32 - 38 - 40 - 48
44
Outstanding ozone resistance
45
Compactness & High pressure rating
46
Compactness & High pressure rating Wire braid reinOutstanding abrasion resistance
51 52 53
54
Wire spiral reinforced hoses
55
钢丝缠绕增强胶管
56
57
Abrasion, weather & heat resistance
58
Abrasion, weather & heat resistance
59
Abrasion, weather & heat resistance
半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计及整车稳定性分析
AUTOMOBILE DESIGN | 汽车设计半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计及整车稳定性分析代辉中国石油运输有限公司新疆配送分公司 新疆喀什地区 844000摘 要: 文章以半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计及整车稳定性分析为研究对象,首先对半挂牵引车牵引座工作原理进行了简单的介绍,随后对半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计优化进行了系统的探讨与分析,最后讨论了影响半挂牵引车整车稳定性因素,以供参考。
关键词:半挂牵引车 牵引座 优化设计 稳定性 分析1 引言牵引座作是牵引车和挂车之间重要的连接部件,在车辆行驶过程中,牵引座会因此承受一些荷载带来的压力,并且这些荷载种类也比较多,比较常见的有垂直载荷、冲击载荷等,对于牵引座结构而言,如果本身没有足够的强度与刚度,容易产生变形,严重影响半挂牵引车安全。
因此有必要从设计层面入手,做好半挂牵引车牵引座强度优化设计分析,并对整车稳定性进行分析探讨,更好的保护半挂牵引车行驶安全。
2 半挂牵引车牵引座工作原理半挂牵引车牵引座在实际工作时,主要依据的原理如下:首先,想要半挂车与牵引车分离,需要打开牵引座的保险销,此时脱钩才会分开,然后拉动拉环,在拉环的带动下,牵引钩会绕销座方向进行转动,从而改变牵引钩的开口方向,原本牵引状态下,开口方向朝里,现在需要分离,因此开口方向会朝外,牵引销便得以直接从U形开口处脱钩,自此半挂车与牵引车将会分离。
当需要进行半挂车与牵引车连接时,重复上述步骤,即改变U牵引钩的开口方向,能够成功对接引销,为了促进半挂车与牵引车两节,需要驱动牵引车向后倒车,促使牵引销与牵引钩对撞在一起,在这一过程中,能够顺利将已经对准的牵引销包住,牵引钩也会固定死亡,成功将二者连接在一起。
最后,再将外部保险销归位,全面保证半挂牵引车行驶安全[1]。
3 半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计优化在本次半挂牵引车牵引座强度设计优化过程中,文章主要将牵引座鞍体优化设计作为研究对象,具体优化设计内容如下:首先,需要优化设计数学问题模型。
外研版八年级上册单词表
外研版八年级上册单词表Module 1一、单词1. pair /peə(r)/ n. (相关的)两个人,一对2. correct /kəˈrekt/ v. 改正;纠正 adj. 正确的;对的3. spelling /ˈspelɪŋ/ n. 拼写4. word /wɜ:d/ n. 单词;词5. practise /ˈpræktɪs/ v. 练习6. match /mætʃ/ v. 找到与……相配之物,使成对;使相配7. meaning /ˈmi:nɪŋ/ n. 意义;意思8. complete /kəmˈpli:t/ v. 把……填完整;使完全9. sentence /ˈsentəns/ n. 句子10. dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri/ n. 词典;字典11. grammar /ˈgræmə(r)/ n. 语法12. letter /ˈletə(r)/ n. 字母13. look up查,查找14. mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n. 错误;过错15. make a mistake犯错误16. understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. 理解;明白17. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议;意见18. should /ʃʊd/ v. aux. 应该19. possible /ˈpɒsəbl/ adj. 可能的20. write down写下;记下21. notebook /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ n. 笔记本22. forget /fəˈget/ v. 忘,忘记23. pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ v. 发……的音24. aloud /əˈlaʊd/ adv. 大声地;出声地25. radio /ˈreɪdiəʊ/ n. 电台;广播26. pronunciation /prəˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 发音27. key /ki:/ adj. 关键的;至关重要的28. main /meɪn/ adj. 主要的;最大的29. excellent /ˈeksələnt/ adj. 极好的;优秀的30. agree /əˈgri:/ v. 同意;赞同31. agree with sb.同意某人32. vocabulary /vəˈkæbjələri/ n. 词汇;词汇量33. ask for请求(给予)34. improve /ɪmˈpru:v/ v. 改进;改善35. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 主要的;基础的36. time /taɪm/ n. 次;回37. advise /ədˈvaɪz/ v. 向……提出意见;建议;忠告Module 21. hill /hɪl/ n. 小山;小丘2. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. (某一地区的)人口,全体居民3. wide /waɪd/ adj. 宽的;宽阔的4. million /ˈmɪljən/ num. 百万5. pretty /ˈprɪti/ adv. 相当地;非常;很6. pretty good相当好;很好7. than /ðæn/ prep. 比8. get /get/ v. 成为;变成;变得9. north /nɔ:θ/ n. 北;北方 adj. 北方的;朝北的10. south /saʊθ/ n. 南;南方 adj. 南方的;朝南的11. west /west/ n. 西;西方 adj. 西方的;朝西的12. hometown /ˈhəʊmtaʊn/ n. 故乡;家乡13. especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其14. be famous for因……而闻名15. university /ˌju:nɪˈvɜ:səti/ n. 大学16. island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. 岛;岛屿17. area /ˈeəriə/ n. 地区;区域18. low /ləʊ/ adj. 低的;矮的19. mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ n. 山;山岳20. countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 农村地区;乡下21. umbrella /ʌmˈbrelə/ n. 雨伞22. rain /reɪn/ v. 下雨 n. 雨;雨水23. wet /wet/ adj. 湿的;潮湿的24. neither /ˈnaɪðə(r)/ adv. (否定两者)也不25. nor /nɔ:(r)/ conj. 也不26. both /bəʊθ/ pron. 两个;两者27. all /ɔ:l/ pron. 全体;全部28. crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼;作物29. tractor /ˈtræktə(r)/ n. 拖拉机Module 31. baseball /ˈbeɪsbɔ:l/ n. 棒球2. volleyball /ˈvɒlibɔ:l/ n. 排球3. boring /ˈbɔ:rɪŋ/ adj. 烦人的;无聊的4. exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 使人兴奋的;令人激动的5. relaxing /rɪˈlæksɪŋ/ adj. 令人愉悦的;使人轻松的6. score /skɔ:(r)/ v. (体育比赛中)得分;记分 n. (游戏或比赛中的)得分;比分7. already /ɔ:lˈredi/ adv. 已经;早已8. matter /ˈmætə(r)/ n. 问题;麻烦 v. 要紧;有关系;有重大影响9. What’s the matter怎么了?10. hurt /hɜ:t/ v. (使)疼痛;(使)受伤11. enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的12. Olympics /əʊˈlɪmpɪks/ n. 奥林匹克运动会13. stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育场14. miss /mɪs/ v. 未击中;未达到;错过;思念15. mind /maɪnd/ v. 介意;讨厌;反对16. plenty /ˈplenti/ n. 大量;众多17. plenty of大量;众多18. beat /bi:t/ v. 打败;战胜;超过19. careless /ˈkeəlɪs/ adj. 粗心的;疏忽的20. cheer /tʃɪə(r)/ v. 用欢呼声激励;为……加油21. coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练22. fan /fæn/ n. (体育运动的)迷;爱好者23. against /əˈgeɪnst/ prep. (在比赛或战斗中)对(某人或某事物)24. train /treɪn/ v. (体育)训练;操练25. practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 练习26. warm /wɔ:m/ v. 使暖和;使温暖27. warm up热身;做准备活动28. usual /ˈju:ʒuəl/ adj. 通常的;平常的29. better /ˈbetə(r)/ adj. 更好的 adv. 更好地30. after - school /ˈɑ:ftə(r)sku:l/ adj. 课外的;课后的31. pleased /pli:zd/ adj. 开心的;满足的32. pass /pɑ:s/ v. 传递;传送33. pity /ˈpɪti/ n. 可惜;遗憾34. chance /tʃɑ:ns/ n. 机会;可能性Module 41. plane /pleɪn/ n. 飞机2. boat /bəʊt/ n. 船;小船3. bus /bʌs/ n. 公共汽车4. car /kɑ:r/ n. 汽车;轿车5. cost /kɒst/ v. 花费;价钱为 n. 费用;代价;成本6. journey /ˈdʒɜ:ni/ n. 旅行;旅程7. book /bʊk/ v. 预订8. park /pɑ:k/ v. 停放(汽车)9. outside /ˌaʊtˈsaɪd/ prep. 在……外面 adv. 在外面;向外面 n. 外面;外部10. however /haʊˈevə(r)/ adv. 然而;但是11. cost - effective /ˌkɒstɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 性价比高的;物有所值的12. inside /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/ prep. 在……里面;在……内部 adv. 在里面;在内部 n. 里面;内部13. come true变为现实;成为事实14. far /fɑ:r/ adj. 远的;遥远的 adv. 远;遥远15. close /kləʊz/ v. 关闭;合上 adj. (距离上)近的16. choose /tʃu:z/ v. 选择17. choose from从……中选择18. ride /raɪd/ v. 骑;乘19. outside of在……的外面20. different /ˈdɪfrənt/ adj. 不同的;有差异的21. in a hurry匆忙;赶快22. traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ n. 交通;路上行驶的车辆23. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 事故;意外遭遇24. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除了……之外25. classmate /ˈklɑ:smeɪt/ n. 同班同学26. far from远离27. close to接近;靠近Module 51. market /ˈmɑ:kɪt/ n. 市场2. supermarket /ˈsu:pəmɑ:kɪt/ n. 超级市场3. biscuit /ˈbɪskɪt/ n. 饼干4. lemon /ˈlemən/ n. 柠檬5. strawberry /ˈstrɔ:bəri/ n. 草莓6. Mother’s Day母亲节7. size /saɪz/ n. 尺码;号8. take /teɪk/ v. 穿(某尺寸的衣服或鞋子)9. may /meɪ/ v. aux. 可以;可能10. try /traɪ/ v. 尝试;试穿;品尝11. try on试穿12. certain /ˈsɜ:tn/ adj. 确定的;无疑的13. wait /weɪt/ v. 等;等待14. wait for等待;等候15. sale /seɪl/ n. 降价出售16. price /praɪs/ n. 价格17. look /lʊk/ v. 看起来;显得18. fresh /freʃ/ adj. 新鲜的19. advantage /ədˈvɑ:ntɪdʒ/ n. 有利条件;优势20. anyone /ˈeniwʌn/ pron. 任何人21. anything /ˈeniθɪŋ/ pron. 任何东西;任何事物22. anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ pron. 任何地方;无论何处23. compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较24. pay /peɪ/ v. 支付;付钱25. post /pə�st/ v. 邮寄26. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品27. receive /rɪˈsi:v/ v. 收到;接到28. safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的;无危险的29. several /ˈsevrəl/ adj. 几个;一些30. online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ adj. 在线的;联网的31. shopping /ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ n. 购物32. way /weɪ/ n. 方式;道路33. one of………之一Module 61. invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 邀请2. cinema /ˈsɪnəmə/ n. 电影院3. would /wʊd/ v. aux. 愿意;想要4. stadium /ˈsteɪdiəm/ n. 体育场5. match /mætʃ/ n. 比赛;竞赛6. star /stɑ:r/ n. 明星;星7. team /ti:m/ n. 队;组8. evening /ˈi:vənɪŋ/ n. 晚上;傍晚9. Friday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/ n. 星期五10. Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ/ n. 星期一11. Saturday /ˈsætədeɪ/ n. 星期六12. Sunday /ˈsʊndeɪ/ n. 星期日13. Thursday /ˈθɜ:zdeɪ/ n. 星期四14. Tuesday /ˈtju:zdeɪ/ n. 星期二15. Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/ n. 星期三16. with /wɪθ/ prep. 和……一起;与;同17. great /greɪt/ adj. 极好的;伟大的18. idea /aɪˈdeɪ/ n. 主意;想法19. let /let/ v. 让20. let sb. do sth.让某人做某事21. when /wen/ conj. 当……时22. invite /ɪnˈvɪt/ v. 邀请23. plan /plæn/ n. 计划;打算 v. 计划;打算24. ask /ɑ:sk/ v. 问;询问25. special /ˈspeʃəl/ adj. 特别的;特殊的26. hear /hɪə(r)/ v. 听见;听到27. hear from收到……的来信28. hope /həʊp/ v. 希望;期望29. soon /su:n/ adv. 不久;很快30. theatre /ˈθɪətə(r)/ n. 剧院;剧场Module 71. smell /smel/ v. 有……的气味;闻;嗅 n. 气味2. soft /sɔ:ft/ adj. 软的;柔软的3. sour /ˈsaʊr/ adj. 酸的;馊的4. cookie /ˈkʊki/ n. 小甜饼;曲奇饼5. M&Ms巧克力豆6. pizza /ˈpi:tsə/ n. 比萨饼7. lovely /ˈlʌvli/ adj. 令人愉快的;可爱的8. done /dʌn/ adj. 做完的9. try /traɪ/ v. 尝试;试图;努力10. have a try尝一尝;试试看11. pie /paɪ/ n. 馅饼;派12. sound /saʄnd/ v. 听起来;发出声音 n. 声音13. sweet /swi:t/ adj. 甜的;含糖的14. salt /sɔ:lt/ n. 盐15. jam /dʒæm/ n. 果酱16. favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ adj. 最喜欢的 n. 特别喜爱的人(或物)17. ear /ɪə(r)/ n. 耳朵18. either /ˈaɪðə(r)/ adv. (用于否定句中)也(不)19. glasses /ˈglɑ:sɪz/ n. 眼镜20. jeans /dʒi:nz/ n. 牛仔裤21. nervous /ˈnɜ:vəs/ adj. 情绪不安的;紧张的22. fair /feɪr/ adj. 金色的;浅褐色的23. pretty /ˈprɪti/ adj. 秀丽的;标致的24. proud /praʊd/ adj. 感到自豪的;感到骄傲的25. be proud of为……而感到骄傲26. stranger /ˈstrendʒə(r)/ n. 陌生人27. message /ˈmesɪdʒ/ n. 消息;音信28. hobby /ˈhɒbi/ n. 业余爱好29. at school在学校;在上学30. in class在课堂上31. play the piano弹钢琴32. ride a horse骑马。
SafeCheck 8 安全检查器8说明书
This tester is ideal for use in the hire and service industry.SafeCheck8is a bench-mounted instrument for those who need a comprehensive tester memory which can provide result traceability.Operators can select one of the following tests from its clear user interface:Class I,Class Extension Power Cord.Equipment and tools are automatically sequenced through the test routine.The results are recorded, and information is displayed on a large clear LCD screen.SPECIFICATIONFlash/Hipot Test(Class I)Test Voltage Class l 1.25kV ACDisplay Range0.1-10mA ACResolution0.01mAAccuracy+/-5%+/-2digitsPass Levels selectable up to10mAFlash/Hipot Test(Class II)Test Voltage Class ll 2.5kV ACDisplay Range0.1-10mA AC.Resolution0.01mAAccuracy+/-5%+/-2digitsPass Levels selectable up to10mADC Insulation TestTest Voltage500VDisplay Range0.1-99.99MΩAccuracy+/-5%+/-2digits(up to19.99MΩ) Earth/Ground Bond TestTest Voltage6V AC(open circuit)Test Current25A,10A,4A,100mA AC into short circuit Range0.04Ω-20ΩResolution1mΩAccuracy+/-5%+/-2digitsPass Levels user selectableSubstitute Leakage(Short to Case Test)Test Voltage40V AC o/cDisplay Range0.1-20.0mA ACResolution0.01mAAccuracy+/-10%+/-2digits(1.00-20mA)Pass Levels selectable up to15mAEarth LeakageTest Voltage Mains SupplyDisplay Range0.1-20.0mA ACResolution0.01mAAccuracy+/-10%+/-2digits(1.00-20mA)Pass Levels selectable up to10mAPower/Run/Load TestsResolution0.01kVAMeasured Load0-4kVAAccuracy+/-10of reading,+/-2digits Optional ExtrasHardware194A922Barcode scanner312A912Desk Test n Tag printer3PHA Three phase adaptorSoftware352A910PATGuard Elite2-Premier352A920PATGuard Pro2-Professional 352A930PATGuard Lite2-Entry levelServicesService and CalibrationOrder NumberSC08UKSC08USASC08UKPackage Includes Test n Tag Printer and labelsSC08USAPackage Includes Test n Tag Printer and labelsIEC Power Cord Test Test Voltage 40V ACDetectsGood,Open,Short,ReversedADDITIONAL INFORMATION Mechanical Dimensions 450W x 410H x 155D mm Weight Approx 8.8kgElectricalSupply VoltageSelectable 115V /230V 50or 60Hz Operating Temperature 0°C to +40°C Storage Temperature -10°C to +50°CEN50191Compliant when used with appropriate accessories Supplied WithHT Probe3pin guard link connector Earth bond clip Mains leadInstruction ManualSafeCheck 8Solutions package for automation and traceability,includes:SafeCheck 8Desk Test n Tag printer Barcode Scanner 1000white labels PATGuard Lite 2CropicoHampton Road,Croydon,Surrey,United Kingdom,CR92RU T el:+44(0)2086844025Fax:+44(0)2086844094Web: Email:info@WORLD LEADERs IN SAFETY TEST AND MEASUREMENTG R O U PSEA W ARDPRECISION INSTRUMENTSCROPICOMEDICAL RIGELINDUSTRIAL SAFETY INSTRUMENTS CLAREPORTABLE ELECTRICAL SAFETY INSTRUMENTS SEA W ARD Seaward test and measurement companies include:。
沃尔沃汽车使用手册说明书
RACE Newsletter09/04/2018CAR:NEW : FLASH_0675 VOLVO BOSCH EDC17CP22/CP48/CP68 CANATTENTION!In order to run the writing procedure with the serial protocol flash_0675 it is necessary to perform first the PATCH UNLOCK with the New Trasdata - plugin 158 / 681 / 743.Please check the specific manual.VOLVO C30 Mk2/C70/S40/V50 Mk2/V40 Mk2-3 2.0L 16V D3 110kW EDC17CP22/CP48VOLVO C30 Mk2/V60 2.4L 20V D5 132kW EDC17CP22/CP48VOLVO C70/ S60 Mk2/V60/XC60 2.0L 20V D3 120kW EDC17CP22/CP48VOLVO S60 Mk2/XC70 Mk3/S80Mk3/V60/V70 Mk3/XC60/XC70 Mk3 2.4L 20V D5 158kW EDC17CP22/CP48VOLVO S80 Mk2/V70 Mk3/XC60 2.4L 20V D5 151kW EDC17CP22VOLVO V50 Mk2 2.0L 20V D5 130kW EDC17CP22VOLVO V70 Mk3 2.4L 20V D5 130kW EDC17CP22VOLVO X C60 2.4L 20V D4 120-129kW EDC17CP22VOLVO X C70 Mk3/XC60/ XC70 Mk3/XC90/V60 2.4L 20V D5 120kW EDC17CP22/CP48/CP68VOLVO S60 Mk2/V60/V70 Mk3 2.0L 20V D3 100kW EDC17CP48VOLVO S80 Mk3/V60/V70 Mk3/XC70 Mk3 2.0L 16V D4 120kW EDC17CP48VOLVO S80 Mk3 2.4L 20V D4 120kW EDC17CP48VOLVO V40 Mk3 2.0L 16V D4 130kW EDC17CP48VOLVO V60 2.4L 20V D6 HYBRID 158kW EDC17CP48 VOLVO X C60 2.0L 20V D5 100kW EDC17CP48VOLVO X C60/XC70 Mk3 2.4L 20V D4 133kW EDC17CP48VOLVO X C60 2.4L 20V D4 140kW EDC17CP68VOLVO X C70 Mk3 2.4L 20V D5 133kW EDC17CP68VOLVO X C70 Mk3 2.4L 20V D5 162kW EDC17CP68NEW : FLASH_0676 MERCEDES DELPHI CRD3.E/P CANATTENTION!In order to run the writing procedure with the serial protocol flash_0676 it is necessary to perform first the PATCH UNLOCK with the New Trasdata - plugin 935.Please check the specific manual.MERCEDES A CLASS W176 A200 2.2L 16V CDI 100kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES A CLASS W176 A220 2.2L 16V CDI 130kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES B CLASS W246 B200 2.2L 16V CDI 100kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES C CLASS W205 C220 2.2L 16V CDI 100-120-125kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES C CLASS W205 C250 2.2L 16V CDI 152kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES CLA CLASS C117 CLA200 2.2L 16V CDI 100kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES CLA CLASS C117 CLA220 2.2L 16V CDI 130kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES GLA CLASS X156 GLA200 2.2L 16V CDI 100kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES GLA CLASS X156 GLA220 2.2L 16V CDI 130kW CRD3.E/PMERCEDES SPRINTER W906 316-516 2.2L CDI 105-120kW CRD3.E/PTRUCK:NEW: FLASH_0677 CUMMINS – TEREX ATLAS TRUCK CM570 CANTEREX TRUCKS TA300 10.8L QSM 276kW CM570TRACTOR:NEW: FLASH_0674 CUMMINS – TIGERCAT TRACTOR CM2250 CANTIGERCAT FELLER BUNCHERS 724E 6.7L QSB 164kW CM2250SW : 3.0.186 DLL : 1.0.197 FW: 12.09 build 0002 MOTOROLA MPC500 CPUs:ADD : 01 - MOTOROLA MPC500BOSCH EDC7C1 MPC555/MPC556 INTERNATIONAL DieselNEW - plugin 1037 – INTERNATIONAL BUS 3100 4.8L 110kW EDC7C1 STMICROELECTRONICS CPUs:ADD : 02 - STMICROELECTRONICS ST10BOSCH DCU15 ST10C167 DAF AdBlue DCUNEW - plugin 1032 – FENDT 300 VARIO 313 4.4L 99kWINFINEON TRICORE CPUs:ADD : 03 - INFINEON TRICORE NO PSW CANLINEBOSCH REXROTH SRC 9-34 TC1796 AGCO GEARBOX CVTNEW – plugin 951 – AGCO GEARBOX CVTBOSCH ME17.9.71 TC1724 PSA PetrolNEW – plugin 1035 – PEUGEOT 206 1.6L 16V 82kW ME17.9.71BOSCH ME17.2.4/BMS-MP TC1791/TC1793 BMW MOTORRAD PetrolNEW – plugin 1057 – BMW MOTORRAD S SERIES S 1000 R my2017 1.0L 121kW ME17.2.4BMW MOTORRAD S SERIES S 1000 RR my2017 1.0L 146kW ME17.2.4BMW MOTORRAD S SERIES S 1000 XR my2017 1.0L 121kW ME17.2.4BMW MOTORRAD F SERIES F 800 R/GT my2017 1.0L 66kW ME17.2.4BMW MOTORRAD R SERIES R 1200 GS my2017 1.0L 92kW ME17.2.4BOSCH MEVD17.8.4 TC1797 BMW PetrolNEW – plugin 1065 – BMW 3 SERIES F30/F31/F35 320i 2.0L L4 16V TURBO 135kW MEVD17.8.4BMW 5 SERIES F10/F11/F18 520i 2.0L L4 16V TURBO 135kW MEVD17.8.4BMW 5 SERIES F10/F11/F18 525i 2.0L L4 16V TURBO 160kW MEVD17.8.4ADD : 04 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCH MEDC17 TPROT2/4/7BOSCH MED17.0.7 TC1782 FORD PetrolNEW – plugin 1064 – FORD FIESTA 7 1.0L 12V Ecoboost 74kW MED17.0.7ADD: 23 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCH MEDC17 GPT VAGBOSCH ME17.5.22 TC1724 VAG PetrolNEW – plugin 1039 – VOLKSWAGEN GOLF 7 1.6L 8V MPI 81kW ME17.5.22VOLKSWAGEN GRAN LAVIDA 1.6L 8V MPI 81kW ME17.5.22VOLKSWAGEN POLO 5 (6R, 6C) 1.6L 8V MPI 81kW ME17.5.22VOLKSWAGEN TOURAN 1.6L 8V MPI 81kW ME17.5.22SKODA OCTAVIA (5E) 1.6L 8V MPI 81kW ME17.5.22ADD: 28 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCH MEDC17 GPT FORDBOSCH EDC17CP05 TC1797 FORD DieselNEW – plugin 1042 – FORD F250 6.7L V8 32V TD SUPERDUTY 287kW EDC17CP05FORD F350 6.7L V8 32V TD SUPERDUTY 224kW EDC17CP05FORD F250/F350 6.7L V8 32V TD SUPERDUTY 298kW EDC17CP05FORD F250/F350 6.7L V8 32V TD SUPERDUTY 328kW EDC17CP05Important: F34NTA15 flat cable is required to operate in GPT modeNEW: 61 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCH EDC17 TPROT13 VM MOTORIBOSCH EDC17C49 TC1797 AEBI-SCHMIDT DieselNEW – plugin 1070 – AEBI-SCHMIDT MT750 4.5L V6 115kW EDC17C49ADD: 46 - INFINEON TRICORE CONTINENTAL ACM_MCM MEB TRUCK CAN LINETEMIC ACM2.1/AT25256 TC1796 ACM MERCEDES TRUCKNEW – plugin 1029 – ACM MERCEDES TRUCKWARNING: in order to communicate with this ECU ACM2.1/AT25256 using the plugin 1029 it is required the new cable F34NTA20F34NTA20ADD: 46 - INFINEON TRICORE CONTINENTAL ACM_MCM MEB TRUCK CAN LINECONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO HDEP MCM2.1 TC1797 MERCEDES TRUCK E6 DieselNEW – plugin 1030 – MERCEDES TRUCK EURO6PONSEE FORWARDERS EURO6CLAAS JAGUAR EURO6FENDT KATANA 65 EURO6WARNING: in order to communicate with this ECU HDEP MCM2.1 using the plugin 1030 it is required the new cable F34NTA19F34NTA19ADD: 50 - INFINEON TRICORE SIEMENS SSM VAGCONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO Simos18.X TC1791_384/TC1793_384 VAG PetrolNEW – plugin 830 –AUDI A1 (8X) 1.8L 16V TFSI 141kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A3 (8V) 1.8L 16V TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A3 (8V) 2.0L 16V TFSI 162kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A4 (B8-B9) 2.0L 16V TFSI 132-140-165-185kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A5 (8F/8T) 2.0L 16V TFSI 165kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A6 (C7) 1.8L 16V TFSI 140kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A6 (C7) 2.0L 16V TFSI 183-185kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A7 (4G) 1.8L 16V TFSI 140kW SIMOS18.XAUDI A7 (4G) 2.0L 16V TFSI 140-162-183-185kW SIMOS18.XAUDI Q3 (8U) 2.0L 16V TFSI 132-162kW SIMOS18.XAUDI Q5 (8RB) 2.0L 16V TFSI 132-162kW SIMOS18.XAUDI Q7 (4M) 2.0L 16V TFSI 185kW SIMOS18.XAUDI S1 (8X) 2.0L 16V TFSI 170kW SIMOS18.XAUDI S3 (8V) 2.0L 16V TFSI 205-210-220kW SIMOS18.XAUDI TT (FV) 1.8L 16V TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XAUDI TT (FV) 2.0L 16V TFSI 161-169-210-228kW SIMOS18.XSEAT LEON (5F) 1.8L 16V TSI-TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XSEAT LEON (5F) 2.0L 16V TSI CUPRA 195kW SIMOS18.XSKODA OCTAVIA (5E) 1.8L 16V TSI-TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XSKODA OCTAVIA (5E) 2.0L 16V TSI RS-GTI 162-169kW SIMOS18.XSKODA SUPERB (3V) 1.8L 16V TSI-TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN EOS (1F8) 2.0L 16V TFSI 162kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN BEETLE (A5)/JETTA 6-7 1.8L 16V TFSI 125kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN BEETLE (A5)/JETTA 6 2.0L 16V TFSI 154-155-162kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN GOLF 7 1.8L 16V TFSI 132kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN GOLF 7 2.0L 16V TFSI 162-205kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN GOLF 7 2.0L 16V GTI 155-162-169-194kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN GOLF 7 2.0L 16V R 213-220kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN LAMANDO 1.8L 16V TSI 132kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN LAMANDO 2.0L 16V TFSI 161kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN PASSAT (B7-B8-B9) 1.8L 16V TFSI 125-132kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN PASSAT (B8-B9) 2.0L 16V TFSI 162kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN POLO (6C) 1.8L 16V TSI-GTI 141kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN SCIROCCO 3 2.0L 16V TFSI-GTS-WRC 132-162kW SIMOS18.XVOLKSWAGEN TOURAN 1.8L 16V TSI 132kW SIMOS18.XPORSCHE MACAN (95B) 2.0L 16V TFSI 185kW SIMOS18.XCONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO Simos12.X TC1797 VAG PetrolNEW – plugin 1067 –AUDI A3 (8V-8P) 1.8L 16V FSI-TFSI 162kW SIMOS12.XAUDI A4 (B8) 1.8L 16V TFSI 125kW SIMOS12.XAUDI A4 (B8) 2.0L 16V TFSI 165kW SIMOS12.XAUDI A5 (8F/8T) 1.8L 16V TFSI 106-125-130kW SIMOS12.XAUDI A5 (8F/8T) 2.0L 16V TFSI 165-169kW SIMOS12.XAUDI A7 (4G) 2.0L 16V TFSI 165kW SIMOS12.XAUDI Q5 (8RB) 2.0L 16V TFSI 132-165-169kW SIMOS12.XAUDI S3 (8P) 2.0L 16V TFSI 205-210-220kW SIMOS12.XAUDI TT (8J) 1.8L 16V FSI 162kW SIMOS12.XAUDI TT (FV) 1.8L 16V TSI 162kW SIMOS12.XAUDI TT (8J) 2.0L 16V TFSI 210-228kW SIMOS12.XImportant: F34NTA18 flat cable is required to operate in SSM modeMOTOROLA MPC55XX CPUs:ADD : 06 - MOTOROLA MPC55XX JTAGCONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO CM2250 MPC5566 PETERBILT DieselNEW – plugin 1028 – PETERBILT 386 15.0L ISX15 298kW CM2250ADD : 43 - MOTOROLA MPC55XX BAMCONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO MPC5534 ACM VOLVONEW – plugin 1041 – VOLVO WHEEL LOADERS ACMRENESAS SH7050 CPUs:ADD : 07 - RENESAS SH7050DELPHI DCM3.7AP SH72543R CASE/DOOSAN/NEW HOLLAND DieselNEW - plugin 1034 – CASE FARMALL 55 C CVT 2.2L 39.5kW DCM3.7APMITSUBISHI MH7XXX/MH8XXX CPUs:ADD : 08 – MITSUBISHI MH7XXX/8XXXMITSUBISHI F8T86571 MH8115F YAMAHA PetrolNEW – plugin 1033 – YAMAHA ATV WOLVERINE X4 0.85L 50kW F8T86571MITSUBISHI E6T32xxx MH8102F MITSUBISHI PetrolNEW – plugin 1038 – MITSUBISHI PAJERO V60 3.5L V6 24V 150kW E6T32xxxMITSUBISHI 33920-98J80 MH8115F SUZUKI PetrolNEW – plugin 1040 – SUZUKI MARINE DF 300 3.6L V6 220kW 33920-98J80NEC CPUs:ADD : 36 - NEC NBDDENSO 270536-6941 NEC 76F0040GD TOYOTA PetrolNEW - plugin 1031 – TOYOTA RAV4 (A2) 2.0L 16V 4L 110kW 270536-6941DENSO 275036-7581 NEC 76F0085 TOYOTA PetrolNEW - plugin 1068 – TOYOTA HILUX/VIGO (AN120-AN130) 2.7L 16V L4 VVT-i DOHC FLEX 120kW 275036-7581 FREESCALE ST MPC56XX SPC56X CPUs:ADD : 37 – FREESCALE ST MPC56XX SPC56XCONTINENTAL-SIEMENS-VDO CM2350 MPC5674F GENERIC CUMMINS ENGINE DieselNEW – plugin 638 – GENERIC CUMMINS ENGINE CM2350AGENERIC CUMMINS ENGINE CM2350BDelphi DCM6.2AP MPC5674F HYUNDAI DieselNEW – plugin 1024 – HYUNDAI i20 Mk2 1.1L 12V CRDi 55kW DCM6.2APKIA RIO/K2 (YB) 1.1L 12V CRDi 55kW DCM6.2APADD : 44 – FREESCALE MPC56XX BAMDelphi DCM6.2AP MPC5674F HYUNDAI DieselNEW - plugin 1063 – HYUNDAI i20 Mk2 1.1L CRDi 55kW DCK6.2APKIA RIO/K2 (YB) 1.1L 12V CRDi 55kW DCM6.2APNEW PLUG-IN LISTPLGID ECU Brand ECU Model Brand Connection Type Micro Flash Ext Category638 Continental-Siemens-VDO CM2350Generic CumminsEngine37 - FREESCALE/STMPC56XX/SPC56X JTAG MPC5674F TRUCK830 Continental SIMOS18.x VAG 50 - INFINEON TRICORE SIEMENSSSM VAG TC1791_384/TC1793_384 CAR951 BOSCH REXROTH SRC 9-34 GEARBOXCVT AGCO03 - INFINEON TRICORE NO PSWCANLINE TC1796 M58BW032FB TRACTOR1024 Delphi DCM6.2AP Hyundai 37 - FREESCALE/STMPC56XX/SPC56X JTAG MPC5674F CAR1028 Continental-Siemens-VDO CM2250 Peterbilt 06 - MOTOROLA MPC5500 JTAG MPC5566 TRUCK1029 Temic ACM2.1/AT25256 MEB Truck 46 - INFINEON TRICORE TEMIC MCMACM MERCEDES OBD TC1796 TRUCK1030 Continental-Siemens-VDO HDEP MCM2.1 MEB Truck46 - INFINEON TRICORE TEMIC MCMACM MERCEDES OBD TC1797 TRUCK1031 Denso 275036-6941 Toyota 36 - NEC NBD 76F0040GD CAR 1032 Bosch DCU15 DAF 02 - STMICROELECTRONICS ST10 ST10C167 AM29F400BT TRUCK 1033 Mitsubishi F8T86571 Yamaha 08 - MITSUBISHI MH7XXX/MH8XXX MH8115F BIKE1034 Delphi DCM3.7AP Case/Doosan/NewHolland 07 - RENESAS SH7050 SH72543RTRUCKTRACTOR1035 Bosch ME17.9.71 PSA 03 - INFINEON TRICORE NO PSWCANLINE TC1724 CAR1037 Bosch EDC7C1 International 01 - MOTOROLA MPC500 MPC555/MPC556 TRUCK 1038 Mitsubishi E6T32xxx Mitsubishi 08 - MITSUBISHI MH7XXX/MH8XXX MH8102F CAR1039 Bosch ME17.5.22 VAG 23 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCHMEDC17 GPT VAG TC1724 CAR1040 Mitsubishi 33920-98J80 Suzuki 08 - MITSUBISHI MH7XXX/MH8XXX MH8102F MARINE1041 Continental-Siemens-VDO ACM Volvo 43 - MOTOROLA MPC55XX BAM MPC5534 TRUCK1042 Bosch EDC17CP05 Ford 28 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCHMEDC17 GPT FORD TC1797 CAR1057 BOSCH ME17.2.4/BMS-MP BMW 03 - INFINEON TRICORE NO PSWCANLINE TC1791/TC1793 BIKE1063 Delphi DCM6.2AP Hyundai 44 - FREESCALE MPC56XX BAM MPC5674F CAR1064 Bosch MED17.0.7 Ford 04 - INFINEON TRICORE BOSCHMEDC17 TPROT2/4/7 TC1782 CAR1065 Bosch MEVD17.8.4 BMW 03 - INFINEON TRICORE NO PSWCANLINE TC1797 CAR1067 Continental SIMOS12.x VAG 50 - INFINEON TRICORE SIEMENSSSM VAG TC1797 CAR1068 Denso 275036-7581 Toyota 36 - NEC NBD 76F0085 CAR1070 BOSCH EDC17C49 AEBI SCMIDT 61 – INFINEON TRICORE BOSCHEDC17 TPROT13 VM MOTORI TC1797 TRUCKDIMSPORT S.r.l.。
apeiro8使用手册
apeiro8使用手册
apeiro8是一款功能强大的软件,它提供了许多功能和工具,
让用户能够更轻松地完成各种任务。
在这份使用手册中,我将从安装、基本功能、高级功能和常见问题解答等方面来为你介绍
apeiro8。
首先是安装。
你可以从官方网站或者其他可靠的渠道下载
apeiro8的安装程序。
安装过程通常很简单,只需按照安装向导的
指示进行操作即可。
安装完成后,你可以在桌面或开始菜单中找到apeiro8的图标,双击即可启动软件。
接下来是基本功能。
apeiro8提供了诸多基本功能,比如文档
编辑、图像处理、数据分析等。
你可以通过菜单栏或工具栏来访问
这些功能,也可以通过快捷键来快速操作。
例如,你可以使用
Ctrl+S来保存文档,使用Ctrl+C和Ctrl+V来复制和粘贴内容等。
除了基本功能,apeiro8还提供了许多高级功能,比如批处理、自定义插件、脚本编写等。
这些功能可以帮助用户更高效地完成复
杂的任务,提高工作效率。
当然,在使用apeiro8的过程中,你可能会遇到一些问题。
不
用担心,apeiro8的官方网站上通常会提供常见问题解答,你可以
在那里找到解决方案。
另外,你也可以参考用户手册或者在线社区,向其他用户寻求帮助。
总的来说,apeiro8是一款功能强大、易于使用的软件,它可
以帮助用户完成各种任务。
希望这份使用手册能够帮助你更好地了
解和使用apeiro8。
如果你还有其他问题,欢迎随时向我提问。
MOTU 8pre 用户手册(Mac OS X)说明书
WARNING: THE GREEN GROUNDING LUG EXTENDING FROM THE ADAPTER MUST BE CONNECTED PROPERL Y GROUNDED OUTLET BOX. NOT ALL OUTLET BOXES ARE PROPERL Y GROUNDED.If you are not sure that your outlet box is properly grounded, have it checked by a qualified electrician. NOTE: The adapter illustrated is for use only if you already have a properly grounded two-prong receptacle. Adapter is not allowed in Canada by the Canadian Electrical Code. Use only three wire extension cords which have three-prong grounding type plugs and three-prong receptacles which will accept the MOTU 8pre plug.IMPORTANT SAFEGUARDSRead these instructions. All the safety and operating instructions should be read before operating the 8pre.Keep these instructions. These safety instructions and the 8pre owner’ manual should be retained for future reference.Heed all warnings. All warnings on the 8pre and in the owner’Follow all Instructions. All operating and use instructions should be followed.Do not use the 8pre near water.Cleaning - Unplug the 8pre from the computer and clean only with a dry cloth. Do not use liquid or aerosol cleaners.V entilation - Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.Heat - Do not install the 8pre near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or another apparatus (including an amplifier) that produces heat.Overloading - Do not overload wall outlets and extension cords as this can result in a risk of fire or electrical shock.Grounding - Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding-type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong are provided for your safety . If the provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult and electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.Power cord - Protect the 8pre power cord from being walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them. Pay particular attention to cords and plugs, convenience receptacles, and the point where they exit from the 8pre.Power switch - Install the 8pre so that the power switch can be accessed and operated at all times.Disconnect - The main plug is considered to be the disconnect device for the 8pre and shall remain readily operable.Accessories - Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.Placement - Use only with the cart, stand, tripod, bracket or table specified by the manufacturer, or sold with the 8pre. When a cart is used, use caution when moving the cart/apparatus combination to avoid injury from tip-over.Surge protection - Unplug the 8pre during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.Servicing - Refer all servicing to qualified service personnel. Servicing is required when the 8pre has been damaged in any way , such as when a power-supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen , or has been dropped.operating instructions for power requirements. Be advised that different operating voltages may require the use of a different line cord and/or attachment plug.Installation - Do not install the 8pre in an unventilated rack, or directly above heat-producing equipment such as power amplifiers. Observe the maximum ambient operating temperature listed below. connectors.3-prong plug Grounding prong Properly grounded 3-prong outletGrounding lugScrew3-prong plugAdapterMake sure this is connected to a known ground.Two-prong receptacleDetermines the clock source for your 8pre. If you’re just using the analog ins and outs, set this to ‘Internal’. The other settings are for digital transfers (via optical) or externalFigure 3-1: Connecting the 8pre to the computer.MIDI OUT MIDIINMIDIOUTAdditional deviceFigure 3-2: Connecting a MIDI device to the 8pre.Digital mixersynthesizer guitar(with or without an amp)Mac8pre backmicOpticalIn Outguitar(with or without an amp)USB2MacADAT optical InsynthesizermicADAT Optical OUTADAT Optical OUT8pre Clock Source setting = opticalFigure 4-4: Device settings.Figure 4-5: AudioDesk for Mac OS X. 4Repeat the above steps for each MIDI deviceconnected to the interface.5When you are finished, quit Audio MIDI Setup.Y our configuration is automatically saved as thedefault configuration, and it is shared with allCoreMIDI-compatible software.I N S T A L L I N G T H E8P R E M A C O S X S O F TFigure 5-1: MOTU Audio Setup gives you access to all of the settings in the 8pre hardware.M O T U A U D I O S E T U PFigure 5-2: The Mac OS X sound preferences let you use the 8pre for general stereo audio input and output for your Mac.The Default Stereo Input and Default Stereo Output settings in MOTU Audio Setup (Figure 5-1 on page 26) let you specify the stereo input and outputFigure 6-1: The VOLUME knob is a push-button rotary encoder. Except where noted, all of the features described inFigure 7-1: Choose Setup menu> Configure Audio System> Configure Hardware Driver to open the dialog shown above and access the 8pre CoreAudio driver. To access the rest of the 8pre settings, open MOTU Audio Setup.Figure 8-1: Choose Setup menu> Configure Audio System> Configure Hardware Driver to open the dialog shown above and access the 8pre CoreAudio driver. To access the rest of the 8pre settings, open MOTU Audio Setup.Figure 9-1: MOTU Audio Setup.For complete details about the 8pre settings, see chapter 5, “MOTU Audio Setup” (page 25). The following sections provide a brief explanation ofFigure 9-2: Enabling the 8pre in Logic Pro or Logic Express.Figure 9-3: Enabling the 8pre in Soundtrack Pro.Garage BandIn Garage Band, go to the Audio/MIDI preferencesand choose MOTU 8pre from the Audio Output andAudio Input menus as shown below in Figure 9-4.For information about the Optimize for setting, seeFigure 9-5: Enabling the 8pre in Live. Figure 9-4: Enabling the 8pre in Garage Band.O T H E R M A C O S X A U D I O S O F T W A R EFigure 9-6: Enabling the 8pre in Reason.Figure 9-7: Enabling the 8pre audio driver in Cubase SX.Other audio softwareFor other audio applications, the procedure issimilar to that shown above. Consult your owner’sFigure 9-8: Some applications number the 8pre inputs and outputs, but don’t display which outputs they refer to.Most programs will likely address this issue in future updates. In the meantime, here is how you can identify each input and output. Inputs areFigure 10-1: There are two ways to monitor live audio inputs with an 8pre: 1) through the computer or 2) via CueMix™ DSP hardware monitor-Figure 10-4: In Cubase SX or Nuendo, choose Devices menu> Device Setup and click VST Audiobay to access the window above and the Audio Buffer Size setting.Figure 10-5: In Logic Pro or Logic Express, go to the Audio Driver preferences to access the Buffer Size option shown above. Lower latency versus higher CPU overhead The buffer setting has a large impact on the following things:■Patch thru latency■The load on your computer’s CPU■Possible distortion at the smallest settingsFigure 10-7: Enabling CueMix DSP in AudioDesk or Digital Performer. Note: the ‘Only during recording...’ and ‘Always’ options are for AudioDesk 2 and DP4 only. DP5 has expanded input monitoring。
Millipore Mini-Reservoir RC800 用户指南说明书
MINI-RESERVOIRRC800User GuideNoticeThe information in this document is subject to change withoutnotice and should not be construed as a commitment by Millipore Corporation. Millipore Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors that may appear in this document. This manual isbelieved to be complete and accurate at the time of publication. In no event shall Millipore Corporation be liable for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising from the use of this manual.© 2004 Millipore Corporation. All rights reserved.Millipore and Amicon are registered trademarks of Millipore Corporation.Delrin is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours.99137, Rev. J, 09/04Contents Introduction (1)Chemical and Temperature Resistance (1)Sterilization (1)Diagram of Mini-Reservoir RC800 Components (2)Setup (3)Diagram of Inlet/Outlet Fitting Components (3)Operation (4)Shutdown (4)Cleaning and Maintenance (4)System Disassembly (4)System Reassembly (4)Ordering Information (5)Specifications (6)Materials of Construction (6)Technical Assistance (6)Standard Warranty (7)IntroductionThis 800 mL auxiliary reservoir (product no. 6028) increases the volume capacity of Millipore ultrafiltration cells. When pressur-ized from an external gas source, RC800 automatically replen-ishes liquid in the cell’s built-in reservoir during filtration (due to the pressure differential between the two containers). With RC800 attached, volumes exceeding normal cell capacity can be processed unattended. The reservoir may also be used to store dialysate during diafiltration or dialysis.Chemical and Temperature ResistanceDO NOT use reservoir with alcohols, strong acids, oxidizing agents, strong bases or organic solvents (esters, ketones, aro-matic and chlorinated hydrocarbons). DO NOT subject unit to temperatures over 100 °F (38 °C).SterilizationUse standard sterilizing gas mixtures or a 5% formalin solution. The RC800 reservoir is not autoclavable. DO NOT use alcohol. Diagram of Mini-Reservoir RC800 ComponentsLetter DescriptionA Top capB Tubing, 1/4” OD polyethylene, 2 × 4 ft.C Liquid outlet fittingD Gas inlet fittingE Pressure relief valve assemblyF O-ring (relief valve)G Recessed portH O-ring (reservoir sleeve)I Tubing, 1/4” OD polyethylene, 1 × 4 3/4 in.J Reservoir sleeveK Bottom capL Strap assemblyMini-Reservoir RC800 User Guide3 Setup1.Connect an appropriate length of supplied tubing to gas inletfitting on the reservoir top cap (marked “G”) as follows:a.Unscrew hexagonal nut and remove the O-ring.b.Slide nut, grab ring, spacer (countersunk side towardgrab ring), and O-ring onto tubing. Leave no more than½” (13mm) of tubing beyond grab ring.c.Insert exposed tubing into reservoir fitting; hand tightennut.d.Connect free end of tubing to fitting of an external gassource.2.Repeat step 1 to connect tubing to liquid outlet fitting on thereservoir top cap (marked “L”). Connect free end of thistubing to ultrafiltration cell.3.Remove pressure-relief valve assembly from top cap. Addliquid to reservoir sleeve; then replace valve assembly,making sure O-ring is in place. Hand tighten.Diagram of Inlet/Outlet Fitting ComponentsLetter DescriptionA Hexagonal nutB Grab ringC SpacerD O-ring OperationTurn on gas and slowly pressurize reservoir. Check connections for leaks, then increase pressure as desired. Liquid will flow continuously from reservoir into cell until the pressures in the two containers equalize.CAUTION:DO NOT operate reservoir at pressures over 75 psi(5.2 bar).ShutdownTurn off gas supply to reservoir. To vent system, turn upper portion of pressure relief valve.Cleaning and MaintenanceIn normal use, this unit should not be disassembled. To add buffer or introduce cleaning solutions, remove the pressure relief valve assembly and add liquid through the recessed port.If disassembly is required, the procedures below must be strictly followed.System Disassembly1.Vent system pressure and disconnect gas and liquid tubing.2.Remove pressure-relief valve assembly.3.Remove reservoir assembly from trapezoidal strap assembly.4.Pry top and bottom caps from reservoir sleeve, using toolprovided.5.Remove O-rings from top and bottom caps.6.Wash all parts with soap and water.System Reassembly1.Inspect O-rings for cuts or wear; if necessary, replace anydamaged ones with spares.2.Lubricate O-rings with glycerin or water and reposition themon top and bottom caps.3.Push top and bottom caps into reservoir sleeve until properlyseated, then slide reservoir assembly into strap assembly.Mini-Reservoir RC800 User Guide5 Ordering InformationThis section lists the catalogue numbers for the Mini-Reservoir RC800 and its replacement and accessory parts. See the Techni-cal Assistance section for information about contacting Milli-pore.Replacement Parts Catalogue No.Qty Top cap209731 Reservoir sleeve209611 Bottom cap209591O-ring (reservoir sleeve)2239S4 Tubing 1/4" OD polyethylene XXPE 000 1010 ft. Pressure relief valve assembly10021021O-ring (relief valve)2015B2Gas inlet/liquid outlet fitting, elbow,420130100231/4 × 1/4" NPTStrap assembly153241 Cap removal tool211431 Accessory Equipment Catalogue No.Qty CDS10 Concentration/Dialysis Selector60031 For instant switching from concentrationto rapid dialysis (Diafiltration).MF2 Push-Button Manifold60151 For operation of multiple cells orreservoirs; individually valved.TA1 Tubing Adapter Kit60221 Adapts plastic tubing to 1/8" or 1/4" maleor female gas fittings. SpecificationsCapacity: 800 mLHoldup volume: 4 mLMaximum operating pressure: 75 psi (5.2 bar)Dimensions of reservoir assembly:4 3/4 in. diameter ×5 1/4 in. high (12 cm × 13.3 cm)Weight (including strap): 3.7 lbs (1.7 kg)Materials of ConstructionReservoir sleeve: acrylicTop and bottom caps: Delrin® resinTubing fittings: nylonTubing: polyethyleneO-rings (red): silicone rubberO-rings (black): Buna-N nitrile rubberCompliance with the Pressure Equipment Directive, 97/23/ECMillipore Corporation certifies that this product complies with the European Pressure Equipment Directive, 97/23/EC of 29 May 1997.This product is classified under Article 3 § 3 of the Pressure Equipment Directive. It has been designed and manufactured in accordance with sound engineering practice to ensure safe use. The product is accompanied by user instructions and bears markings to permit identification of Millipore Corporation as the manufacturer or authorized representative of this product within the European Community.In compliance with Article 3 § 3 of the Pressure Equipment Directive, this product does not bear the CE mark.Mini-Reservoir RC800 User Guide7 Technical AsssistanceFor more information, contact the Millipore office nearest you. In the U.S., call 1-800-MILLIPORE (1-800-645-5476). Outside the U.S., see your Millipore catalogue for the phone number of the office nearest you or go to our web site at/offices for up-to-date worldwide contact information. You can also visit the tech service page on our web site at /techservice.Standard WarrantyMillipore Corporation ("Millipore") warrants its products will meet their applicable published specifications when used in accordance with their applicable instructions for a period of one year from shipment of the products. MILLIPORE MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. THERE IS NO WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. The warranty provided herein andthe data, specifications and descriptions of Millipore products appearing in Millipore's published catalogues and product literature may not be altered except by express written agree-ment signed by an officer of Millipore. Representations, oral or written, which are inconsistent with this warranty or such publications are not authorized and if given, should not be relied upon.In the event of a breach of the foregoing warranty, Millipore's sole obligation shall be to repair or replace, at its option, the applicable product or part thereof, provided the customer notifies Millipore promptly of any such breach. If after exercis-ing reasonable efforts, Millipore is unable to repair or replace the product or part, then Millipore shall refund to the customer all monies paid for such applicable product or part. MILLI-PORE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL, INCI-DENTAL, SPECIAL OR ANY OTHER INDIRECT DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ECONOMIC LOSS OR PROPERTY DAM-AGE SUSTAINED BY ANY CUSTOMER FROM THE USE OF ITS PRODUCTS.。
字母组合及对应单词
ir er好朋友,重读当中发音同,大白鹅/ə:/ /ə:/ /ə:/
• bird • shirt • first • thirteen • circle •
girl thirty birth
dirty birthday
or重读张圆口,就像ar三友后,兽中王长声吼 /כ//:כ//:כ:/or遇见三朋友,跟
ey词中是一家,重读音节中a的名称音来发; 唯有钥匙是特殊(key),它把e的名称音来读。
• grey • obey • fey
prey convey
ei发音有两种,仔细数,a的名称音为主; 偶尔有特殊,发出i的名称音。
• rein • weight • sleight
eight height
ie发音有几种,细分两种经常用:
th发音很简单,舌尖放于两齿间,实词只是气流行/θ/ /θ/ /θ/部分代词和虚词,声带
振动让人听,后跟er还出声/δ/ /δ//δ/cloth变化要分清
• math thumb • theft thank • thin three • that with • gather mother • brother clothes
/ə://ə:/ ur读音另一种,只在非重读当中说,宝贝鹅 /ə//ə//ə/
• surf
church
• nurse burn
• turtle curtain
• purse burden
• purple Saturday
ai组合单词多,重读规则只一个,a的名称音为主,除了said是特殊。
• tail • wait • painter • pain • aid
farm guitar car shark wharf
V8 R包说明说明书
Package‘V8’December4,2023Type PackageTitle Embedded JavaScript and WebAssembly Engine for RVersion4.4.1Description An R interface to V8<https://v8.dev>:Google's open source JavaScript and WebAssembly engine.This package can be compiled either with V8version6 and up or NodeJS when built as a shared library.License MIT+file LICENSEURL https://jeroen.r-universe.dev/V8BugReports https:///jeroen/v8/issuesSystemRequirements V8engine version6+is needed for ES6and W ASM support.On Linux you can build against libv8-dev(Debian)orv8-devel(Fedora).We also provide static libv8binaries formost platforms,see the README for details.NeedsCompilation yesVignetteBuilder knitrImports Rcpp(>=0.12.12),jsonlite(>=1.0),curl(>=1.0),utilsLinkingTo RcppSuggests testthat,knitr,rmarkdownRoxygenNote7.2.3Language en-USEncoding UTF-8Biarch trueAuthor Jeroen Ooms[aut,cre](<https:///0000-0002-4035-0289>), Jan Marvin Garbuszus[ctb]Maintainer Jeroen Ooms<*******************>Repository CRANDate/Publication2023-12-0413:30:02UTC12V8 R topics documented:JS (2)V8 (2)wasm (5)Index7 JS Mark character strings as literal JavaScript codeDescriptionThis function JS()marks character vectors with a special class,so that it will be treated as literal JavaScript code.It was copied from the htmlwidgets package,and does exactly the same thing.UsageJS(...)Arguments...character vectors as the JavaScript source code(all arguments will be pasted into one character string)Author(s)Yihui XieExamplesct<-v8()ct$eval("1+1")ct$eval(JS("1+1"))ct$assign("test",JS("2+3"))ct$get("test")V8Run JavaScript in a V8contextDescriptionThe v8()function(formerly called new_context)creates a new V8context.A context provides an execution environment that allows separate,unrelated,JavaScript code to run in a single instance of V8,like a tab in a browser.V83Usagev8(global="global",console=TRUE,typed_arrays=TRUE)engine_info()Argumentsglobal character vector indicating name(s)of the global e NULL for no name.console expose console API(console.log,console.warn,console.error).typed_arrays(deprecated)enable typed arrays in legacy libv8.Deprecated because typed arrays are natively supported in recent versions of libv8.DetailsA V8context cannot be saved or duplicated,but creating a new context and sourcing code is verycheap.You can run as many parallel v8contexts as you want.R packages that use V8can use a separate V8context for each object or function call.The name of the global object(i.e.global in node and window in browsers)can be set with the global argument.A context always have a global scope,even when no name is set.When a context is initiated with global=NULL,the global environment can be reached by evaluating this in the global scope,for example:ct$eval("Object.keys(this)").V8Context Methods##ctx<-v8()<V8engine11.7.439.16>$assign(name,value,auto_unbox=TRUE,...)$call(fun,...,auto_unbox=TRUE,await=FALSE)$console()$eval(src,serialize=FALSE,await=FALSE)$get(name,...,await=FALSE)$reset()$source(file)$validate(src)The ct$eval method evaluates a string of JavaScript code in the same way as eval in JavaScript.By default eval()returns a string with console output;but when the serialize parameter is set to TRUE it serializes the JavaScript return object to a JSON string or a raw buffer.The ct$get,ct$assign and ct$call functions automatically convert arguments and return value between R and JavaScript(using JSON).To pass literal JavaScript arguments that should not be converted to JSON,wrap them in JS(),see examples.If a call to ct$eval(),ct$get(),or ct$call()returns a JavaScript promise,you can set await= TRUE to wait for the promise to be resolved.It will then return the result of the promise,or an error in case the promise is rejected.The ct$validate function is used to test if a piece of code is valid JavaScript syntax within the context,and always returns TRUE or FALSE.4V8 In an interactive R session you can use ct$console()to switch to an interactive JavaScript console.Here you can use console.log to print objects,and there is some support for JS tab-completion.This is mostly for testing and debugging,it may not work perfectly in every IDE or R-frontend. Data InterchangeJSON is used for data interchange between R and JavaScript.Therefore you can(and should) only exchange data types that have a sensible JSON representation.One exception is raw vectors which are converted to/from Uint8Array buffers,see below.All other arguments and objects are automatically converted according to the mapping described in Ooms(2014),and implemented by the jsonlite package in fromJSON()and toJSON().As for version3.0of this R package,Raw vectors are converted to Uint8Array typed arrays,and vice versa.This makes it possible to efficiently copy large chunks binary data between R and JavaScript,which is useful for running wasm or emscripten.Note about Linux and Legacy V8enginesThis R package can be compiled against modern(V8version6+)libv8API,or the legacy libv8 API(V8version3.15and below).You can check V8::engine_info()to see the version that is running.The legacy version does not support modern JS(ES6)or W ASM,but it is still the default on older versions of Ubuntu and CentOS.The latest versions of all major Linux distributions now provide a modern version of V8.For Ubuntu16.04and18.04we provide backports of libv8(via libnode-dev),see the readme for details.ReferencesA Mapping Between JSON Data and R Objects(Ooms,2014):https:///abs/1403.2805Examples#Create a new contextctx<-v8();#Evaluate some codectx$eval("var foo=123")ctx$eval("var bar=456")ctx$eval("foo+bar")#Functions and closuresctx$eval("JSON.stringify({x:Math.random()})")ctx$eval("(function(x){return x+1;})(123)")#Objects(via JSON only)ctx$assign("mydata",mtcars)ctx$get("mydata")outlist<-ctx$get("mydata",simplifyVector=FALSE)outlist[1]#Assign JavaScriptctx$assign("foo",JS("function(x){return x*x}"))wasm5 ctx$assign("bar",JS("foo(9)"))ctx$get("bar")#Validate script without evaluatingctx$validate("function foo(x){2*x}")#TRUEctx$validate("foo=function(x){2*x}")#TRUEctx$validate("function(x){2*x}")#FALSE#Use a JavaScript libraryctx$source("https:///ajax/libs/underscore.js/1.13.6/underscore-min.js") ctx$call("_.filter",mtcars,JS("function(x){return x.mpg<15}"))#Example from underscore manualctx$eval("_.templateSettings={interpolate:/\\{\\{(.+?)\\}\\}/g}")ctx$eval("var template=_.template( Hello{{name}}! )")ctx$call("template",list(name="Mustache"))#Call anonymous functionctx$call("function(x,y){return x*y}",123,3)##Not run:#CoffeeScriptct2<-v8()ct2$source("/v1/browser-compiler/coffee-script.js")jscode<-ct2$call("pile","square=(x)->x*x",list(bare=TRUE)) ct2$eval(jscode)ct2$call("square",9)#Interactive consolect3<-v8()ct3$console()#//this is JavaScript#var test=[1,2,3]#JSON.stringify(test)#exit##End(Not run)wasm Experimental WebAssemblyDescriptionExperimental wrapper to load a WebAssembly program.Returns a list of exported functions.This will probably be moved into it’s own package once WebAssembly matures.Usagewasm(data)6wasm wasm_features()Argumentsdata either raw vector orfile path with the binary wasm programDetailsThe wasm_features()function uses the wasm-feature-detect JavaScript library to test which W ASM capabilities are supported in the current version of libv8.Examples#Load example wasm programinstance<-wasm(system.file( wasm/add.wasm ,package= V8 ))instance$exports$add(12,30)wasm_features()Indexengine_info(V8),2fromJSON(),4JS,2new_context(V8),2toJSON(),4V8,2v8(V8),2v8(),2wasm,4,5wasm_features(wasm),57。
translate的参数
translate的参数在编程中,"translate" 是一个常见的函数或方法,用于在字符串之间进行字符替换或字符映射。
不同编程语言和库中的"translate" 函数可能有些许差异,下面是通常情况下"translate" 函数的常见参数及其含义:1.str.maketrans(x, y, z) 或translate(x, y, z)o x: 要替换的字符或字符集合。
通常是一个字符串,表示需要被替换的字符。
例如,如果x 是"abc",那么所有出现在字符串中的'a','b' 和'c'都会被替换。
o y: 目标字符或字符集合。
通常是一个字符串,表示要替换成的字符。
例如,如果y 是"xyz",那么所有的'a','b' 和'c' 将被替换为'x','y' 和'z'。
o z: 要删除的字符集合。
通常是一个字符串,表示需要从字符串中删除的字符。
这个参数是可选的。
例如,如果z 是"def",那么所有的'd','e' 和'f' 都将从字符串中删除。
2.str.translate(table) 或translate(table)o table: 这是一个映射表,它将字符映射到它们对应的替换字符或删除字符。
通常是一个包含字符之间映射关系的字典或映射表。
例如,{'a':'x', 'b': 'y', 'c': 'z'} 表示将'a' 映射到'x','b' 映射到'y','c' 映射到'z'。
拖拉机动量飞轮主动防侧翻控制与模型试验研究
农业机械学报第51卷增刊2 2020年12月doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2020.S2.064拖拉机动量飞轮主动防侧翻控制与模型试验研究秦嘉浩1,2刘海帆1,2SUH C S3李臻1,2朱忠祥1,2王国业1,2(1.中国农业大学工学院,北京100083;2.中国农业大学现代农业装备优化设计北京市重点实验室,北京100083;3.德克萨斯A&M大学机械工程系,德克萨斯77843-3123)摘要:针对拖拉机侧翻致死致伤事故仍时有发生的问题,基于旋转刚体加速时的反向施矩原理,以反作用动量飞轮为执行元件,提岀了从主动安全角度解决拖拉机侧翻问题的研究方法。
通过构建拖拉机动力学系统数学模型,解析了整机侧翻行为的动态演变机理。
为保证拖拉机主体结构的完整性,将动量飞轮置于拖拉机前部,取代传统静态配重的同时可主动提供防侧翻力矩。
应用Matlab/Simulink软件,对反作用飞轮的回稳过程进行了基于PID控制的有效性仿真分析,同时设计并搭建了比例模型试验平台,对主动施矩飞轮的回稳控制效果进行了试验验证。
结果表明,装备飞轮的拖拉机与无控制组对比,在一次试验中可多次实现整机的防侧翻控制,使整机防侧翻性能得到明显改善,且不同行驶工况下的试验数据与仿真结果的相关性较强,充分验证了本文拖拉机侧翻动力学模型的有效性。
关键词:拖拉机;侧翻;动量飞轮;主动安全;模型试验中图分类号:S219.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-1298(2020)S2-0515-06Tractor Active Anti-rollover Control Using Momentum Flywheelwith Experimental VerificationQINJiahao1,2LIU Haifan1-2SUH C S3LI Zhen1,2ZHU Zhongxiang1-2WANG Guoye1,2(1.College o/Engineering,China Agricultural University,Bejing100083,China2.Beijing Key Laboratory o/Optimized Design/or Modern Agricultural Equipment,China Agricultural University,Bejing100083,China3.Department o/Mechanical Engineering,Texas A&M University,Texas778433123,USA)Abstract:As wheeled tractors are widely used as power machinery in agricultural activities,the lateral stability of a tractor directly affects the operation efficiency and machine safety with worldwide inevitable rollover-induced injuries and fatalities.From the perspective of active safety control,this article aims to apply the reverse moment of an accelerating momentum flywheel to the rolling tractor.In this study,we analyzed the evolution mechanism of the tractor dynamic overturning behavior by mathematical modeling.In order to keep the original configuration of the main structure of the tractor,the momentum flywheel was installed in the tractor front to replace the conventional static ballast,while it actively provided the antirollover torque in emergency ing Matlab/Simulink,the simulation work on the effectiveness of the PID speed control was carried out.Furthermore,a scale-model experimental platform was designed to verify the flywheel-based tractor active stability control system.The results showed that the tractor equipped with a flywheel was able to regain lateral stability repeatedly in one experimental run.The test data under different driving conditions were compared with the uncontrolled group verifying the effectiveness and accuracy of the tractor dynamic model and the active control algorithm proposed in this paper.The proposed approach potentially provides theoretical basis and technical support for the extension of tractor active stability control technology.Key words:tractor;rollover;momentum flywheel;active safety;scale-model experiment收稿日期:20200808修回日期:20200918基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51805535)作者简介:秦嘉浩(1990—),男,博士生,主要从事农业装备智能化设计及控制研究,E-mail:qinjh@通信作者:李臻(1988—),男,副教授,博士,主要从事农业装备智能化设计及控制研究,E-mail:zhenli@516农业机械学报2020年0引言拖拉机是农业生产中的核心动力装备[1]o然而,由于拖拉机作业环境复杂开放,机体重心位置动态变化范围较大,易发生侧翻事故[2]o统计数据表明,美国每年拖拉机侧翻事故导致超800人死亡⑶。
四轮转向拖拉机转向特性的仿真与试验
四轮转向拖拉机转向特性的仿真与试验郭孟宇;胡斌;岳飞龙;温浩军【摘要】针对传统拖拉机地头转弯半径大,转弯稳定性差的问题,从前轮转向和四轮转向拖拉机运动学比较分析入手,研究四轮转向拖拉机转弯运动状态;通过引入了Gim轮胎模型,建立了四轮转向拖拉机的动力学模型,借助Matlab/Simulink仿真环境,对其转向稳定性进行了仿真.用实验室样机进行试验,并与仿真结果对比,对比结果表明:四轮转向系统减小了拖拉机的转弯半径,提高了操作系统的稳定性.【期刊名称】《机械设计与制造》【年(卷),期】2019(000)002【总页数】4页(P154-157)【关键词】四轮转向;Gim轮胎模型;转向特性;仿真分析【作者】郭孟宇;胡斌;岳飞龙;温浩军【作者单位】石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子 832000;石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子 832000;石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000;石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子 832000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TH161 引言传统意义上的拖拉机一般以前轮转向为主,前轮转向具有结构简单、成本低、实用性强等优点,但存在低速转向响应慢,高速转向稳定性差,且转弯半径较大,地头土地利用率低等缺点,难以满足田间作业的需求。
近年来国内外相关专家在前轮转向(2WS)拖拉机的基础上,将四轮转向(4WS)系统应用于拖拉机,以解决拖拉机在地头转弯时转弯半径大,转向稳定性差的问题,提高了土地利用效率,减少了“伤苗”现象,降低了农民的经济损失[1-4]。
目前,国内外四轮转向系统在汽车方面的应用与研究比较多,但是在拖拉机方面的研究比较少。
文献[5]对四轮转向汽车运动特性进行了仿真分析,文献[6]对四轮转向电动汽车动力学控制系统进行了仿真。
因此,根据运动学分析结果,对四轮转向拖拉机的转弯运动状态进行了探讨,并根据线性轮胎模型及实验室四轮转向拖拉机样机参数,借助Matlab/Simulink建模,对前转向与四轮转向拖拉机的运动过程进行仿真,并进行试验,将试验结果与仿真结果进行对比分析,得出了四轮转向可以减小拖拉机的转弯半径,提高操作系统的稳定性的结论。
26个字母音标
A a [ei]B b [bi:]C c [si:]D d [di:]E e [i:]F f [ef]G g [d3i:] H h [eit∫] I i [ai]J j [d3ei] K k [kei] L l [el]M m [em] N n [en] O o [əu]P p [pi:] Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:]S s [es] T t [ti:] U u [ju:]V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks]Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:1)含元音音素[ei]字母: Aa Hh Jj Kk音标: [ei] [eit∫] [d3ei] [kei]2) 含元音音素[i:]字母: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv音标: [bi:] [si:] [di:] [i:] [d3i:] [pi:][ti:] [vi:]3) 含元音音素[e]字母: Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz音标: [ef] [el] [em] [en] [es] [eks] [zed]4) 含元音音素[ju:]字母: Uu Qq Ww音标: [ju:] [kju:] [`d∧blju:]5) 含元音音素[ai]字母: Ii Yy音标: [ai] [wai]英语的音标共有48个,分为元音和辅音。
元音共20个包括单元音12个:[i:]、[i]、[e]、[A]、[[:]、[[]、[Q]、[B:]、[C:]、[C]、[U:]、[U] 双元音8个:[ei]、[ai]、[Ci]、[aU]、[[U]、[i[]、[Z[]、[U[]辅音共28个包括爆破音6个:[p]、、[t]、[d]、[k]、[^]磨擦音10个:[f]、[v]、[P]、[T]、[s]、[z]、[r]、[F]、[V]、[h]破擦音6个:[ts]、[dz]、[tr]、[dr]、[tF]、[dV]鼻音3个:[m]、[n]、[N]半元音2个:[w]、[j]边音1个:[l]英语(论坛)中有26个英文字母,其中5个元音字母和21个辅音字母。
什么英文字母发什么音(最全)
什么英文字母发什么音只有元音字母会变音,而辅音字母不会发其他的音1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [i] 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [æ ]发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ɒ] / [ɔ]发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ɔɪ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [eə] 字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20)[uə]tour poor2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said[i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[au] [ɔ:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn[au] [ʌ]found fond down done gown gone town ton3辅音1)[p] pen pear play pig pour pull push2) [b] book big boot bike bread break3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)school schedule schema (字母组合ch)6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language7)[m] man make moon morning move come comb8) [n]pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning evening10) [l]long land lend lord fly flag blackworld cold could goal soul11)[r] read red right run room write12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone13)[v] very evening even every voice vest14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)licence piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z]zoo zebra zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ]think thank three thirty tooth mouth17)[ð] that this those these though18) [ʃ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washnation attention stationsocial specialsure19) [ʃə] pleasure20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who21) [w] when what where window wind wood22) [j]yes year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] age language cabbage vegetable stage bridgejoy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr] tree country try treat track trunk26) [dr] dry dream drop drive drink27) [ts] students boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goods woods moods hoods4容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [θ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ð]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing添加一点:9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our ar awsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarterdraw saw flaw23)[tʃ] child chicken china chair lunch ouch teach (字母组合ch〕catch watch match 〔字母组合tch)5 字母,组合音节发音规律1〕a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:]late private grade bake grape nation station pageactive hand bank fan parent family glad flagaccept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2〕e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3〕i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size line fist pi ck chicken piano fiancé city unit4〕o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5〕u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]university refuse unique universe hugeput push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6〕c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7〕g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gymlong song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11〕y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12〕ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16〕 ere [iə] [εə]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ə:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [uə] [ɔ:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]house mouth mouse sound foundenough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əu] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rosemouse house25)th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ʃə n] [ʒə n]propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ʃə n] [tʃə n](不常见)station nation translation attention question音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成局部.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成局部,英语中有28个辅音.辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello辅音+元音+辅音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音 it is of in on up out ant你最好去看元音字母的音标,因为只有元音字母会变音。
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2012 8RT SERIES TRACK TRACTORS
Model number 8310RT 8335RT 8360RT Engine hp1 310 335 360 PTO hp2 251 273 295
1 – Rated engine hp (ISO) per 97/68/EC. 2 – Rear PTO at 2,100 engine RPM.
Test Your Tractor Smarts. What was John Deere’s first diesel-powered tractor? (Check your answer on page 27.) 5
6
8RT Series Track Tractors
Is it ironic that SMART is spelled with an RT?
With intuitive controls, integrated GreenStar™ and JDLink™ technology, the exclusive ActiveCommand Steering (ACS™) system, the best cab in its class, the revolutionary Infinitely Variable Transmission (IVT™) with Auto Mode, and up to 360 engine hp plus an additional 35 engine hp through Intelligent Power Management, the 8R Series has the power to help you turn your farm into a more efficient and productive operation.
8
Engine and Transmissions
Smart power and performance
The John Deere PowerTech™ PSX 9.0 L Engine delivers uncompromised performance, up to 360 engine hp, and over 400 engine hp through Intelligent Power Management. That’s the most horsepower we’ve put in a row-crop tractor. And it’s all possible thanks to an incredibly smart Engine Control Unit, which senses engine speed and load changes at a rate of 100 times per second. This highly evolved and patented system allows the engine to instantly adjust fuel quantity and injection timing, air-to-fuel ratio, multiple fuel injections, and amount of cooled exhaust gas recirculation for outstanding fuel economy and improved engine responsiveness. A fixed turbocharger and a variable geometry turbocharger broaden the engine’s operating range with higher power density and increased low-speed torque.
Engine and Transmissions .............................................. 8 CommandView™ II Cab .................................................. 10 Controls and Displays ................................................... 12 ActiveCommand Steering ............................................. 14 Suspension Systems, Axles, Tires ................................. 16 Loader, Front Hitch and PTO ........................................ 20 Implement Versatility and Compatibility ....................... 22 Service and Support ..................................................... 26 Attachments and Accessories ...................................... 28 Specifications ............................................................... 30
8R/8RT Series
Model Year 2012, 235- to 360-Horsepower Tractors
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Your tractor is calling
You rise before the sun ... not just to farm, but to grow your farm’s potential. To grow your bottom line. And becoming more profitable these days requires you to be more efficient, whether it’s making the most of your time, your equipment, your seed and chemical costs, or your workforce. That’s why you need the 8R/8RT Series Tractors in your operation – these powerful, intelligent tractors are smart machines integrated with GreenStar™ guidance and the new JDLink™ information-management system. This fusion of intelligent iron and communication technologies allows your tractor to e-mail you with regular updates on how and where it’s operating. You can even log onto your computer at the office to get status updates and manage logistics. Your tractor can talk with other tractors and self-propelled equipment. And with your permission, your dealer can “dial in” from the dealership to the tractor in the field and perform remote software updates plus diagnostics to keep your operation up and running – and your bottom line growing. Your tractor is calling. Only from John Deere. CONTENTS
Test Your Tractor Smarts. What was the first John Deere tractor series to be equipped with a tracked undercarriage? (Check your answer on page 27.) 7
The 8R/8RT Series meets the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Interim Tier 4 Emissions Regulations by utilizing cooled exhaust gas recirculation for controlling oxides of nitrogen and a smart exhaust filter for reducing particulate matter. The filter automatically cleans itself during normal machine operation for hassle-free and worry-free emissions compliance.
The John Deere PowerTech PSX 9.0 L Engine uses air-to-air aspiration, two turbochargers in a series, a four-valve-per-cylinder design, plus a highpressure common-rail fuel system to deliver outstanding engine responsiveness, torque rise, fuel economy, and durability.