系统解剖-泌尿系统-英文版UrinarySystem
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★ Divisions Abdominal part输尿管腹部－ descend on the psoas major behind the peritoneum Pelvic part输尿管盆部－in females, passes 2cm lateral to the neck of uterus and lies below the uterine artery Intramural part输尿管壁内段－ passes obliquely through the bladder wall for 1.5cm long
Kidney 肾
★ General features Bean shaped, reddish-brown organs Superior extremity－broad and thin Inferior extremity－narrow and thick Anterior surface－convex Posterior surface－flat Lateral border－convex
kidney
Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has been inflamed
Renal segments Superior segment Superior anterior segment Inferior anterior segment Inferior segment Posterior segment
Resin corrosion cast of human kidneys. Ureter, pelvis and calyces are yellow; aorta, renal arteries and their branches are red.
kidney
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting a Lies at the level from the lower border of T11 to intervertebral disc between L2-L3 The 12th rib is behind its middle part of the post surface
Stone in ureter
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ General features －pyramidal in shape when empty, having Apex 膀胱尖 Fundus膀胱底 Body of bladder膀胱体 Neck膀胱颈
Normal volum of bladder adult：350-500ml maxium：800ml newborn：1／10 of adult
In this area absents submucosal layer, where the mucous membrane is firmly adherent to the muscular coat, and is always smooth
★ Interureteric fold 输尿管间襞
Muscular elevation Between ureteric orifices.
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ Position In the adult, it lies in the lesser pelvis, behind the pubic symphysis, in front of seminal vesicle, ampulla ductus deferentis and rectum in the male, and in front of uterus and vagina in the female. In the young child the empty bladder projects above the pelvic inlet
Urinary System 泌尿系统
Urinary System泌尿系统
★ Composition Kidney 肾－form urine Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary bladder 膀胱－ receives and stores urine Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body (discharged)
Kidney 肾
Medial border－concave ★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on
the medial border of kidney
★ Renal pedicle肾蒂 － the
structures which enter and leave the renal hilum，including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves
Multislice CT urogram. Coronal reformat showing the enhancing renal parenchyma and both ureters along their entire length.
Multislice CT urogram. 3D-surface shaded reformat showing the kidneys, ureters, bladder and surrounding bony anatomy.
Ureters 输尿管
★ Three constrictions 1st constriction: at pelvoureteric junction 2nd constriction: where ureter crosses the pelvic inlet and iliac vessels 3rd constriction: at intramural part
kidney
★ Renal structure肾的结构 Renal cortex 肾皮质 renal columns 肾柱 Renal medulla 肾髓质 Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20) Renal papilla 肾乳头 Papillary foramina 乳头孔 Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8) Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3) Renal pelvis 肾盂
Renal segments肾段
The kidney is divided into five vascular segments and each is supplied by a branch of the renal artery; between the segments there is no anastomosis.
Renal fascia 肾筋膜 On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland Holding these organs in place
kidney
★ Position of Kidney Lie behind the peritoneum, high up on the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the vertebral column Upper pole nearer to media plan than lower pole
Variations Renal calculus (stone in the kindey)
肾功能衰竭kidney failure
尿毒症uremia/toxuria
肾移植kidney transplantation
Ureters 输尿管
Muscular tube, about 20-30cm long and 0.5-1.0cm wide (diameter)
Kidney 肾
★ Renal sinus 肾窦 The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney Contents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue
Renal cortex consist of renal units，which produces the urine
kidney
★ Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 Renal fascia 肾筋膜
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ Trigone of bladder 膀胱三角
Smooth triangular area at inner surface of the funds of bladder
Formed by internal urethral orifice anteriorly and two ureteric orifices laterally
Coronal multislice CT scans of the right and left suprarenal glands.
CT renal venogram. Acquired from a multislice CT examination and reconstructed as a 3D surface shaded reformat.
Renal hilum At the level of L1 About 5cm from the posterior median line
★Renal region The area between 12th rib and the lateral margin of erector spinae
Order of structures in the renal pedicle From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis. From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis.
Right kidney Lies slightly lower than the left kidney, at the level from the upper border of T12 to L3 The 12th rib is behind its upper part of the post surface
Kidney 肾
★ General features Bean shaped, reddish-brown organs Superior extremity－broad and thin Inferior extremity－narrow and thick Anterior surface－convex Posterior surface－flat Lateral border－convex
kidney
Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 A strong fibrous capsule which strips easily from a normal kidney surface but adheres firmly to an organ that has been inflamed
Renal segments Superior segment Superior anterior segment Inferior anterior segment Inferior segment Posterior segment
Resin corrosion cast of human kidneys. Ureter, pelvis and calyces are yellow; aorta, renal arteries and their branches are red.
kidney
Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 A thick adipose connective tissue capsule, surrounds the fibrous capsule It acts as a shock absorber to protect the kidney from jolting a Lies at the level from the lower border of T11 to intervertebral disc between L2-L3 The 12th rib is behind its middle part of the post surface
Stone in ureter
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ General features －pyramidal in shape when empty, having Apex 膀胱尖 Fundus膀胱底 Body of bladder膀胱体 Neck膀胱颈
Normal volum of bladder adult：350-500ml maxium：800ml newborn：1／10 of adult
In this area absents submucosal layer, where the mucous membrane is firmly adherent to the muscular coat, and is always smooth
★ Interureteric fold 输尿管间襞
Muscular elevation Between ureteric orifices.
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ Position In the adult, it lies in the lesser pelvis, behind the pubic symphysis, in front of seminal vesicle, ampulla ductus deferentis and rectum in the male, and in front of uterus and vagina in the female. In the young child the empty bladder projects above the pelvic inlet
Urinary System 泌尿系统
Urinary System泌尿系统
★ Composition Kidney 肾－form urine Ureter 输尿管－conduct urine from kidneys to bladder Urinary bladder 膀胱－ receives and stores urine Urethra 尿道－conducts urine from bladder to exterior of body (discharged)
Kidney 肾
Medial border－concave ★ Renal hilum 肾门－a vertical slit on
the medial border of kidney
★ Renal pedicle肾蒂 － the
structures which enter and leave the renal hilum，including the renal vein, renal artery, renal pelvis, lymphatic vessels and nerves
Multislice CT urogram. Coronal reformat showing the enhancing renal parenchyma and both ureters along their entire length.
Multislice CT urogram. 3D-surface shaded reformat showing the kidneys, ureters, bladder and surrounding bony anatomy.
Ureters 输尿管
★ Three constrictions 1st constriction: at pelvoureteric junction 2nd constriction: where ureter crosses the pelvic inlet and iliac vessels 3rd constriction: at intramural part
kidney
★ Renal structure肾的结构 Renal cortex 肾皮质 renal columns 肾柱 Renal medulla 肾髓质 Renal pyramids 肾锥体 (15～20) Renal papilla 肾乳头 Papillary foramina 乳头孔 Minor renal calices 肾小盏 (7－8) Major renal calices 肾大盏 (2～3) Renal pelvis 肾盂
Renal segments肾段
The kidney is divided into five vascular segments and each is supplied by a branch of the renal artery; between the segments there is no anastomosis.
Renal fascia 肾筋膜 On outside, surrounds both the kidney and suprarenal gland Holding these organs in place
kidney
★ Position of Kidney Lie behind the peritoneum, high up on the posterior abdominal wall on either side of the vertebral column Upper pole nearer to media plan than lower pole
Variations Renal calculus (stone in the kindey)
肾功能衰竭kidney failure
尿毒症uremia/toxuria
肾移植kidney transplantation
Ureters 输尿管
Muscular tube, about 20-30cm long and 0.5-1.0cm wide (diameter)
Kidney 肾
★ Renal sinus 肾窦 The renal hilum extends into a large cavity within the kidney Contents: Occupied by the renal vessels, minor renal calices, major renal calices, renal pelvis and some adipose tissue
Renal cortex consist of renal units，which produces the urine
kidney
★ Coverings of kidney Fibrous capsule 纤维囊 Fatty renal capsule 脂肪囊 Renal fascia 肾筋膜
Urinary bladder 膀胱
★ Trigone of bladder 膀胱三角
Smooth triangular area at inner surface of the funds of bladder
Formed by internal urethral orifice anteriorly and two ureteric orifices laterally
Coronal multislice CT scans of the right and left suprarenal glands.
CT renal venogram. Acquired from a multislice CT examination and reconstructed as a 3D surface shaded reformat.
Renal hilum At the level of L1 About 5cm from the posterior median line
★Renal region The area between 12th rib and the lateral margin of erector spinae
Order of structures in the renal pedicle From anterior to posterior－renal V, renal A, renal pelvis. From superior to inferior－ renal A. renal V. renal pelvis.
Right kidney Lies slightly lower than the left kidney, at the level from the upper border of T12 to L3 The 12th rib is behind its upper part of the post surface