病毒的遗传和变异及进化
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marker rescue
multiple infection reactivation
the similar genetic type of inactivated particles co-infect a cell can produce infective recombinant filial virus
DNA ➢ originated from the original molecular
(replication independent )
methods of virus evolution research
➢ nucleotide / protein sequence mapping evolutionary tree
➢ genome sequence and evolution research
➢ genome composition and evolution research
replicative recombination
III. Virus recombination mechanism
>two type virus mixed infection : parental genetic material reassortment in the recombinant virus(filial generation )
2. mutations mode Natural mutations ： 10-3~10-6 Induced mutation：Physical chemistry way
3、Molecular mechanism of mutation
➢ point mutation（点突变）：samesense mutation（同义
突变）、missense mutation（错义突变）、nonsense mutation （无义突变）
➢ move frame mutation (移框突变)
➢ deletion mutation（缺失突变 ）
4、mutant phenotype
conditional lethal mutant (条件致死突变)、host-range mutant （宿主范围突变,h） 、plaque mutat（蚀斑突变）、virulence mutant（毒力突变）、antigenic mutant（抗原突变）、drugresistance mutant （抗药性突变）、temperature sensitive mutant （温度敏感突变,ts）、 cold-adapted mutant, (冷适应突 变体,cd)
section one overview
1、 heredity and variation: the character of the life
➢ the excellent material for genetics ➢ simple genome ➢ rapid increasing ➢ group inherit
Chapter fine
The heredity and variation of virus
Proverb
➢As a man sous, so he shall reap ➢Like father, like son
➢A mother of nine children, the mother of ten kind
multiple infection (inactive particles and active particles
/ two inactivity particles) recombinant generate a recombinant infective filial virus
reactivation
section three: the recombination of virus
I. overview
avian flu virus Influenza virus
Sars Coronavirus : mammalian virus and bird virus recombination
2、the significance of virus genetics research 1、theoretical significance ➢ gene structure and function ➢ the origin and evolution of Virus
2、practical significance ➢ Virus disease ➢ biological control
Chapter six
The evolution of the virus
The virus origin theory
Three theory for viruses origin ➢ degenerative origin theory ➢ originated from the host cell RNA or
cross reactivation multiple infection reactivation
cross reactivation (marker rescue)
active virus and a related (different genetic markers) inactivate virus
mammalian virus recombination mechanism ：
➢ intramolecular recombination 分子内重组 ➢ copy-choice recombination 拷贝选择重组 ➢ genetic reassortment 基因重配
IV. virus reactivation
HIV-1: came from two type of SIV
II. Classical theory of recombination
general recombination
recombination
Conservative recombination
Special recombinant
Genetic method
recombination mapping reassortant mapping
mapping method
intertype cross Sequence analysis
mod peptide maping
Viruses interference
homologous interference heterologous interference defective virus
section five:
viruses gene mapping method
viruses gene mapping method
section four:
viruses interaction
I. Phenotypic mixing
➢ mosaic envelope ➢ mixing capsid ➢ transcapsidation
II. Viruses interference (干扰)
the replication of a virus was suppressed by the other virus (mixed infection)
The Characteristic of virus inherit ➢Simple inherited mode ➢Interact with the host ➢Mutation
section tow: mutation
1. mutation
DNA/RNA composition or structure change
multiple infection reactivation
the similar genetic type of inactivated particles co-infect a cell can produce infective recombinant filial virus
DNA ➢ originated from the original molecular
(replication independent )
methods of virus evolution research
➢ nucleotide / protein sequence mapping evolutionary tree
➢ genome sequence and evolution research
➢ genome composition and evolution research
replicative recombination
III. Virus recombination mechanism
>two type virus mixed infection : parental genetic material reassortment in the recombinant virus(filial generation )
2. mutations mode Natural mutations ： 10-3~10-6 Induced mutation：Physical chemistry way
3、Molecular mechanism of mutation
➢ point mutation（点突变）：samesense mutation（同义
突变）、missense mutation（错义突变）、nonsense mutation （无义突变）
➢ move frame mutation (移框突变)
➢ deletion mutation（缺失突变 ）
4、mutant phenotype
conditional lethal mutant (条件致死突变)、host-range mutant （宿主范围突变,h） 、plaque mutat（蚀斑突变）、virulence mutant（毒力突变）、antigenic mutant（抗原突变）、drugresistance mutant （抗药性突变）、temperature sensitive mutant （温度敏感突变,ts）、 cold-adapted mutant, (冷适应突 变体,cd)
section one overview
1、 heredity and variation: the character of the life
➢ the excellent material for genetics ➢ simple genome ➢ rapid increasing ➢ group inherit
Chapter fine
The heredity and variation of virus
Proverb
➢As a man sous, so he shall reap ➢Like father, like son
➢A mother of nine children, the mother of ten kind
multiple infection (inactive particles and active particles
/ two inactivity particles) recombinant generate a recombinant infective filial virus
reactivation
section three: the recombination of virus
I. overview
avian flu virus Influenza virus
Sars Coronavirus : mammalian virus and bird virus recombination
2、the significance of virus genetics research 1、theoretical significance ➢ gene structure and function ➢ the origin and evolution of Virus
2、practical significance ➢ Virus disease ➢ biological control
Chapter six
The evolution of the virus
The virus origin theory
Three theory for viruses origin ➢ degenerative origin theory ➢ originated from the host cell RNA or
cross reactivation multiple infection reactivation
cross reactivation (marker rescue)
active virus and a related (different genetic markers) inactivate virus
mammalian virus recombination mechanism ：
➢ intramolecular recombination 分子内重组 ➢ copy-choice recombination 拷贝选择重组 ➢ genetic reassortment 基因重配
IV. virus reactivation
HIV-1: came from two type of SIV
II. Classical theory of recombination
general recombination
recombination
Conservative recombination
Special recombinant
Genetic method
recombination mapping reassortant mapping
mapping method
intertype cross Sequence analysis
mod peptide maping
Viruses interference
homologous interference heterologous interference defective virus
section five:
viruses gene mapping method
viruses gene mapping method
section four:
viruses interaction
I. Phenotypic mixing
➢ mosaic envelope ➢ mixing capsid ➢ transcapsidation
II. Viruses interference (干扰)
the replication of a virus was suppressed by the other virus (mixed infection)
The Characteristic of virus inherit ➢Simple inherited mode ➢Interact with the host ➢Mutation
section tow: mutation
1. mutation
DNA/RNA composition or structure change