医学英语二复习重点资料

15急诊班
1
医学英语
Part I Translation
Section A
1.尿失禁 urinary incontinence 3.上腔静脉 superior vena cava 5.结缔组织 connective tissue 7.心血管系统 cardiovascular system 9.胰岛素抵抗 insulin resistance
2.多尿 polyuria
4.粘膜 mucosa
6.血液透析 hemodialysis
8.子宫内膜异位症 endometriosis
10.促肾上腺皮质激素 adrenocorticotropin
Section B
1. A disorder of an endocrine gland may consist of either hypersecretion of the gland ，manifested as overactivity of the target organ regulated by the gland, or insufficient secretion ，resulting in underactivity of the organ controlled by the gland.
内分泌腺的紊乱可能包括腺体分泌过多，表现为腺体调节的靶器官的过度活动，或分泌不足，导致腺体控制的器官活动不足。

2. Some materials contained in urine are only slightly soluble in water. Therefore, when stagnation occurs ，the microscopic crystals of calcium phosphate, along with uric acid and other substances ， may clump together to form kidney stones.
尿中的某些物质仅微溶于水。

因此，当淤塞发生时，磷酸钙的微晶，连同尿酸和其他物质，可能聚集在一起形成肾结石。

3. Cystitis is the inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the urinary bladder. The most common cause of cystitis is from the bacteria E.coli, which is normally found in the rectum, or from urethritis, which usually leads to painful urination (dysuria) or frequent urination(polyuria).
膀胱炎是膀胱粘膜内膜的炎症。

膀胱炎最常见的原因是大肠杆菌，通常在直肠或从尿道炎中发现，，这通常会导致痛苦的排尿（排尿困难）或频繁排尿（多尿）。

4. Normally endometrial tissue is confined to the inside of the uterus. In endometriosis, tissue resembling endometrial tissue appears in various places in the pelvic cavity, such as on the ovaries, oviducts, bladder, intestine, rectum, or pelvic wall.
正常情况下子宫内膜组织局限于子宫内部。

在子宫内膜异位症中，类似于子宫内膜的组织出现在盆腔的不同部位，如卵巢、输卵管、膀胱、肠、直肠或盆腔壁。

5. When the blood fills the LV, and as the LV starts to contract, the LV chamber pressure increase forces the mitral valve to close and aortic valve to open, thus ejecting blood into the aorta, to be distributed throughout the body. (P161)
当血液充满左室时，随着左室开始收缩，左室压力增加迫使二尖瓣关闭，主动脉瓣打开，从而将血液喷射到主动脉中，分布在全身。