高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析

高一英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类
1．犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A shark moving around the coastline is normally a worrying sight，but this waterborne drone (无人机) threatens floating rubbish instead of people.
Developed by Dutch company RanMarine, the WasteShark takes nature as its inspiration with its whale shark-like mouth. Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.
According to RanMarine, the WasteShark is available in both autonomous and remote-controlled models. Measuring just over five feet by three-and-a-half feet (1.5 meters by 1.1 meter), it can carry up to 352 pounds of rubbish (159.6 kg) and has an operational battery life of 16 hours.
By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat.
"WasteShark also has the abilities to gather air and water quality data, remove chemicals out of the water such as oil, and heavy metals, and scan the seabed to read its depth and outlines," said Oliver Cunningham, one of the co-founders of RanMarine. "Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches."
"Our drones are designed to move through a water system, whether it's around the perimeter (周边) or through the city itself. The drones are that last line of defense between the city and the open ocean," added Cunningham. "WasteSharks are operating in Dubai, South Africa and the Netherlands and cost $ 17, 000 for the remote-controlled model and just under $ 23, 000 for the autonomous model."
Dubai-based operator Ecocoast has two WasteShark drones. Co-founder Dana Liparts says they will clean waterfronts for clients including hotels and environmental authorities and that Ecocoast' intention is to have the collected rubbish recycled or upcycled. However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.
（1）What do we know about the WasteShark?
A. It can frighten sharks away.
B. It is an ocean explorer.
C. It is a rubbish collector.
D. It can catch fish instead of people.
（2）What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A. The causes of ocean pollution.
B. The dangers of using plastics.
C. The severity of ocean garbage pollution.
D. The importance of ocean protection.
（3）What will the WasteShark do with an approaching object?
A. Avoid crashing into it.
B. Break it into pieces.
C. Swallow it.
D. Fly over it.（4）Which of the following ideas does Liparts agree with?
A. The WasteShark should be used more widely.
B. More measures should be taken to make water clean.
C. The production cost of WasteSharks should be reduced.
D. People should take a positive attitude to new technology.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一种水上无人机可以用于清理浮在水面上的垃圾。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Responsible for collecting waste, the drone will begin operations in Dubai Marina in November after a year of trials with local partner Ecocoast.”可知，这种无人机是用来清理垃圾的，故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。

根据第四段中的“By 2016 there were approximately 150 million tons of plastic in the world's oceans. One paper from December 2014 estimated that over a quarter of a million tons of ocean plastic pollution was afloat.”可知，预计到2016年，海洋里会有1.5亿吨垃圾，估计约有25万吨垃圾漂浮在海洋上，故可知，本段主要讲述海洋垃圾的严重性，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的"Fitted with a collision-avoidance system, the drone uses laser imaging detection and ranging technology to detect an object in its path and stop or back up if the object approaches."可知，配备防碰撞系统，无人机使用激光来探测物体，用测距技术来探测前方是否有物体，如果探测到物体，无人机就会停下来或者后退，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“However, Liparts argues that cleaning waterways doesn't have a one-size-fits-all solution and requires a combination of new technology, preventative measures and changing people's attitudes towards littering.”可知，这种无人机并非解决水上垃圾污染的万全之策，需要多措并举，才能达到目的，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．犇犇阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.
For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the
screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.
Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.
After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.
（1）How did the scientists conduct the experiment?
A.By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.
B.By mixing the selected dogs together.
C.By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen
D.By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.
（2）The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A.fear and hesitation
B.curiosity and eagerness
C.excitement and happiness
D.doubt and sadness
（3）According to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners ________.
A.are fond of the male faces
B.are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire faces
C.have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of males
D.can only recognize emotions of females
（4）What is the best title for this passage?
A.Mood Changes Influence Dogs
B.Dogs Identify the Moods
C.dogs and Their Owners
D.Dog's Mood Research
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新的实验发现，即狗能够识别人的面部表情的变化。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"For their study biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy."可知，实验人员通过屏幕向这些狗展示了一组女性面部表情的照片，这些表情中既有快乐的，也有愤怒的。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第五段中的"They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly"以及"However"可知，与前面意思相反，以及划线词后的"disappear"可知"once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear.…"此句为，狗看到生气的表情后会感到厌恶，并由此退缩，但是一旦聪明的狗意识到会有奖励之后，它们的恐惧以及退缩就会消失。

由此可判断出A 符合题意，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的"......this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies―dogs are more effici ent at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner"可知，狗擅长辨别与自己主人性别相同的人的表情，由此推断，让主人是女性的狗来辨别男性面部表情的图片是比较困难的。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段提出文章的主旨即“每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪，但科学家们一直有点怀疑。

现在，有证据表明这是正确的”，接着在下文用硬实证明了这一点。

因此本文的最好的题目就是“狗能识别人的情绪”。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．犇犇阅读理解
Slowly but surely we're moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay, Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U. S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.
“5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age,” said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. “The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It's pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施) construction. There's lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed.
Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset haven't yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With
5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace — smartphones.
Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.
But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.
（1）What does the author want to stress in Paragraph 1?
A. The lighting-fast speed of 5G.
B. The expectation of 5G world.
C. The difference between 4G and 5G.
D. The internet-connected devices in our life.
（2）What does the underlined word "emblem" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Exhibition.
B. Success.
C. Symbol.
D. Explanation.
（3）We can infer from the text that ________.
A. 5G world won't come without AR glasses
B. 5G helps to create the artificial intelligence vehicle
C. Apple company is developing AR glasses worldwide
D. Tech companies will face the fact that smartphones may be replaced
（4）What will the author probably tell us next?
A. How to fully expand 5G coverage.
B. Smart glasses will become faster and lighter.
C. Why 5G isn't concentrated in big cities.
D. The importance of infrastructure construction.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们离5G世界越来越近了。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段中的“Slowly b ut surely, we're moving closer and closer to 5G world.”缓慢但肯定的是，我们离5G世界越来越近了。

可知，作者在第一段想强调“5G光速快。

”故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“and that is to say, it is a sign of tim”也就是说，这是时间的标志，”可知，划线词的意思是“标志，象征”。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“This is notable because companies such a s Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace —smartphones.”这一点值得注意，因为据报道，苹果(Apple)等公司正在开发增强现实眼镜，以帮助——甚至取代——智能手机。

” 可知，我们可以从文中推断，科技公司将面临智能手机可能被取代的事实。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.”但是不要太激动。

与此同时，仍有很多工作要做，包括各种试验，以确保收音机能很好地配合硬件和基础设施建设，这样5G就不会只集中在大城市。

”可知，作者接下来可能会告诉我们“如何全面扩大5G覆盖。

”故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．犇犇阅读理解
In areas like the Central United States that get lots of tornadoes, there's a common piece of celestial （天上的）fortune-telling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way. Research has shown that it isn't quite as simple as that, but scientists have found that if you see a green sky, you should probably go inside. As far as most scientists can tell, the green skies around powerful thunderstorms are usually a combination of red sunsets and water droplets.
Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light. So the blue light gets bounced all over the sky and looks like it's coming from everywhere. Meanwhile, around sunset sunlight travels through so much atmosphere that just about all the blue is bounced away from the horizon, leaving all those reds and oranges behind. The sunset might look exclusively （独有的）red and orange, but there's still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors. But for us to notice the remaining green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That's where water comes in.
Big tall threatening storm clouds are made of water droplets, and even though water is best at reflecting blue light, it can still reflect green pretty well, much better than reds and oranges, so under just the right conditions, the water in and around a cloud can bounce the green light hidden in the sunset right into our eyes making the sky look green.
Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rain, and maybe some hail. So if you see huge storm clouds rolling in and a green tint （色调）in the sky, it doesn't necessarily mean there's about to be a tornado, but it does mean you should probably head indoors.
（1）What can be the best title for the text?
A. Why Do the Central United States Get Tornadoes
B. Do Green Skies Mean a Coming Tornado
C. A Common Piece of Celestial Fortune-telling
D. Green Skies Are Unique to Clouds
（2）Why are the skies blue in the daytime?
A. Because only blue light can be bounced in the daytime.
B. Because there is more blue light than light of other colors.
C. Because blue light is bounced all over the sky.
D. Because red light is weaker than blue light.
（3）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The sunset.
B. Red light.
C. Blue light.
D. Water.
（4）What can we learn about from the text?
A. Storm clouds are made of water droplets and green light.
B. Water can reflect red light as well as blue light.
C. There are only red and orange lights in the sunsets.
D. If you see a green sky, there will be a tornado.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家发现天空呈现绿色并不是产生龙卷风的云层所独有的，有时它们会导致大量降雨，甚至冰雹，待在室内或许是最好的选择。

（1）考查主旨大意。

通读全文，根据第一段中的“there's a common piece of celestial （天上的）fortune-telling that green skies mean a tornado is on its way.”和最后一段中的“Still, none of the conditions that can turn skies green are unique to the clouds that produce tornadoes. Sometimes they just lead to lots of rai n, and maybe some hail.”可知，本文主要话题是关注绿色的天空是否意味着即将来临的龙卷风展开的，故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Daytime skies are blue because blue shorter wavelengths of visible light tend to bounce off （反射）air molecules better than red longer wavelength light.”可知，白天天空是蓝色,因为蓝色短的波长的可见光会反射空气分子比红色的长波长光。

故选C。

（3）考查代词指代。

根据第二段中的“The sunset might look exclusively （独有的）red and orange, but there's still some green and even blue light hidden in there, just far less than the other colors.”可知，选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“But for us to notice the remain ing green light, it needs to hit something that reflects green light much better than red. That's where water comes in.”可知，水既能反射蓝光，也能反射红光，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．犇犇阅读理解
In my memory, winters always used to be really unpleasant. You had to bundle up just to keep warm when you went outside. You were often cold, wet, slip on the ice, and you'd arrive home to an ice-cold house. And that would mean turning on the heating and waiting. It's a miracle you didn't get cold to the bone.
Fortunately, things don't have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engine ring and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems. It means dealing with winter
needn't be like skating on thin ice.
With a smart thermostat (温度自动调节器), our homes can be warm when we need them to be. Many models feature smartphone apps that allow you to control temperature remotely, so we can warm up the house before we arrive home. According to , Tado's model features voice control, while the Nest 'leans' your habits and automatically heats the home for you.
Clothes have been given an upgrade, too. Electronic thermal jackets, sweaters and coats heat up when you turn them on. What better way to keep warm in the dead of winter? At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. Many models offer three levels of heating which stay warm for over 12 hours. .
Finally, there is the clothing for the head, beanie s and Earmuff, that feature speakers included in the fabric using Bluetooth technology so we can listen to our favourite music or, in some cases, have a phone callusing the in-built microphone. All while keeping the head warm and avoiding a cold.
For many, the thought of winter used to be enough to make their blood run cold. But using technology, life needn't freeze up. With the right solutions, there's no reason why winter can't be really, really cool.
（1）What do the underlined words "bundle up" mean in Para.1?
A. Fix an air conditioner.
B. Take a hot bath.
C. Run a lot.
D. Put on more clothes.（2）How does electronic thermal clothing work?
A. The equipment placed inside the clothing produces heat.
B. It needs to be warned up before being used.
C. The thermostat heat up automatically when the temperature is low.
D. It keeps warm for over 12 hours after being charged fox an hour.
（3）From the passage, we can lean the following statements EXCEPT that ________.
A. Tado's model can be controlled by saying something to it
B. with the in-built speaker and microphone, Beanies and Earmuffs users can have a phone call
C. technology can do nothing to make winter less rough
D. Bluetooth technology is used in the clothing for the head
（4）What's the best title of this passage?
A. A Smart Thermostat
B. A Modern winter
C. Ways of keeping warm
D. An unpleasant winter
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在科技并不发达的过去，人们可能会为如何在严寒天气里更好地保暖而倍感困扰。

现如今，每到严冬时节，虽然温度骤降、天气恶劣，但随着各类智能保暖产品的问世，冬天也能变得舒适宜人。

人们凭借科学技术发明了各式各样的防寒方法。

比如，用智能电子设备调节屋内和衣物的温度；使用无线科技制造会自动发热的服饰。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第一段中的"In my memory, winters always used to be really unpleasant. You had to bundle up just to keep warm when you went outside. "可知，在我的记忆中，冬天总是很不令人愉快。

你外出时必须穿得暖和一点。

所以通过" keep warm"可知，外出时要想暖和一些，就要多穿衣服。

故判断出第1段中带下划线的单词"bundle up"是多穿点衣服。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的" At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. "可知，只要按下按钮，或者通过手机上应用程序，安装在衣服内部的电子元件就会产生热量。

所以电子保暖服装工作的原理是安装在衣服内部的电子元件产生热量。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的"Fortunately, things don't have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engine ring and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems"可知，幸运的是，事情不需要再这么有挑战性了。

先进的技术、引擎环和设计为我们提供了解决老问题的新方法。

所以C选项"科技无法让冬天变得不那么难熬"不符合短文说明的内容。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，在科技并不发达的过去，人们可能会为如何在严寒天气里更好地保暖而倍感困扰。

现如今，每到严冬时节，虽然温度骤降、天气恶劣，但随着各类智能保暖产品的问世，冬天也能变得舒适宜人。

人们凭借科学技术发明了各式各样的防寒方法。

比如，用智能电子设备调节屋内和衣物的温度；使用无线科技制造会自动发热的服饰。

所以短文的最佳标题为"让现代科技温暖你的冬日"。

故B选项"让现代科技温暖你的冬日"符合题意。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
Experts note that an unhealthy lifestyle can put you at great risk of heart disease and stroke. So doctors urge us to eat healthy foods, get exercise, stop smoking and limit our alcohol intake. But there is something else you can do. And it is free and easy. Smile!
Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart. "When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chemicals that are released are more positive." He says smiling is the first step in fighting physical and emotional stress and its sometimes harmful effects on human health. This is not just New Age advice. Several studies support his opinion.
When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body releases many natural hormones (荷尔蒙) including adrenaline and cortisol. Adrenaline increases your heart rate and blood pressure. Cortisol is the body's main stress hormone. It increases sugar in the bloodstream. If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you. They are part of what we call our fight-or-flight response. However, when we are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones are ever-present in our bodies. And that, medical researchers warn, may lead to health problems.
Researchers say the connection between stress and heart disease is still unclear. However, they
claim that when people are stressed for long periods of time, they may have an unhealthy lifestyle, which can lead to health problems.
Dr. Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help. He tells his patients to smile 20 times an hour. To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling. Or some might even feel foolish ... smiling for seemingly no reason. But a smile does not involve drugs. It is not invasive like a surgical operation. It is free and it has no bad side effects.
"Once people smile, they are relaxing. This relaxation directly lowers blood pressure, improves sugar levels in the blood. If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health." And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone's heart health.
（1）Which of the following agrees with Dr. Chockalingam's opinion?
A.Smile has the same effects as laughter.
B.Smile can be used to take the place of medicine.
C.Smile is better than any healthy lifestyle to health.
D.Smile can make our body produce beneficial chemicals.
（2）What can we know about the mentioned stress hormones?
A.They can lower our blood pressure.
B.They will surely lead to heart diseases.
C.They can benefit us when we are in danger.
D.They will make us live an unhealthy lifestyle.
（3）Why does Dr. Chockalingam think smiling is helpful to our health?
A.It can make us relax.
B.It increases sugar levels.
C.It has little bad side effects.
D.It can happen for no reason.
（4）What can be the best title for the text?
A.A Thorough Analysis of the Causes of Heart Diseases
B.One Thing You Can Do Right Now to Help Your Heart
C.One Thing That Is Closely Connected with Stress Hormones
D.The Clear Connection Between Unhealthy Lifestyles and Heart Diseases
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议多保持微笑，他认为微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。

同时说明了微笑有利于健康的原因和人们感到压力时的身体反应等情况。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“When we smile, the brain wiring changes. The chem icals that are released are more positive.”当我们微笑时，大脑的线路会发生变化。

释放出的化学物质更积极。

可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑能使我们的身体产生有益的化学物质。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help
you.”如果你真的有危险，这些荷尔蒙会帮助你。

可知，当我们处于危险中时，压力荷尔蒙可以帮助我们。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health. And it just may provide a little extra protection to everyone's heart health.”如果我们微笑，我们就打破了压力和健康之间的联系。

而且它可能会为每个人的心脏健康提供一点额外的保护。

可知，Chockalingam博士认为微笑可以使我们放松，从而有利于我们的健康。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“Dr. Chockalingam, a heart disease specialist in Columbia, advises his patients to smile. He says a smile may be one way to help your heart.”哥伦比亚的心脏病专家Chockalingam博士建议他的病人保持微笑。

他说，微笑可能是帮助心脏的一种方式。

以及结合文章内容主要介绍了微笑能够让我们放松进而有利于我们的健康，所以要健康那就要多微笑，所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
When Andrew Kaplan recalls, his stories leave the impression that he has managed to pack multiple lives into a single existence: A war reporter in his 20s. an army member, a successful businessman and- later. the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.
Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become "AndyBot"--- a virtual person who will be: immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds, perhaps thousands of years
If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.
Someday, Kaplan, who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be remembered as one of the world's first digital humans.
For decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a new generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似) of virtual immortality, which gives people the opportunity to preserve one's legacy(遗产) online forever.
Kaplan is eager to become one of the world's first virtual residents, partly because he considers the effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.
If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss. "AndyBot" may become one of the world's first: meaningful examples, raising complex philosophical questions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself.
（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To highlight Kaplan's achievements.
B.To introduce the topic- -AndyBot.
C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.
D.To introduce Kaplan's life.
（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?
A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible.
B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.
C.He believed this action will help with his novels.
D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.
（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations?
A.He may use voice computing platforms.
B.He may use a new body to go on living.
C.He may offer some guidance.
D.He may ask them questions.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.
B.People can talk with their late family members freely.
C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.
D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态----数字人。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段可知，当安德鲁·卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。

主要介绍安德鲁·卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become “AndyBot”--- a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。

Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become ‘AndyBot’...a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。

Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“If all goes according to plan. future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone. ”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即。