鲁教版初四英语全一册第二单元知识点练习

Unit 2 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
1.能够默写出本单元单词、词组，熟练英汉互译，能准确书写，准确运用；
2.理解并记住被动语态与情态动词的基本结构；
3.记住重点句型的构成及重要知识点，能准确运用。

词汇填空
1.I ____________ (educate) to be a kind and helpful person from a young age.
2.Failure is the mother of ___________ (succeed).
3. They are all against __________ (build) a new zoo in the city.
4. He didn’t sleep well, so he is very __________ (sleep) now.
5. Please keep __________ (silently). The teacher is coming.
1.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的_________；被动语态表示主语是动作的_________。

Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。

Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态) 鱼被猫吃。

2.被动语态的构成：由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成
助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。

3.被动语态的用法
当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动
作的承受者时，要用被动语态。

【练习】 1. -- There is a lot of wind in North China.
--Well, more trees ______ every year to stop the wind.
A. must be planted
B. should plant
C. can plant
2. --Do you believe there’s aliens?
--I’m afraid not. I don’t think aliens _______ in space.
A. can find
B. can be found
C. can be founded
3. 所有的工作必须今天完成。

All the work _______ _______ _______ today.
4. 青少年不应该被允许吸烟。

Teenagers ______ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______.
1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
【解析】① allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）
Mother ___________________________ TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。

② Sb. be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）
Lily _____________________________to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州。

2. I don’t think sixteen -year -olds should be allowed to drive.
【解析】sixteen -year -old 复合形容词，“十六岁的”；sixteen -year -olds 名词，
“十六岁的孩子们”
【练习】--Is Mike ______? -- No, he is a _____ boy.
A. eleven years old;twelve years old
B. eleven years old; twelve -year -old
C.eleven -year -old; twelve years old
D. eleven -year -old; twelve -year -old
3.get their ears pierced 穿耳洞
【解析】让/使（别人）做某事)
【练习】
①--My eyesight is getting worse these days. I’d like to have my eyes ______.
--Perhaps you should consider______ the time on the computer.
A.Checked; to reduce
B. to check; reducing
C. checked; reducing
②Jack had his purse ______ (steal) on the bus. How careless he was!
4. They aren’t serious enough.
【解析】形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮
enough＋名词如：enough food 足够食物
adj./adv. + enough to do sth. 足够…去做…
______________________________________________我有足够的钱去北京。

______________________________________________她够大去读书了。

5.Me,too.我也是
【解析】Me, too. = 由____＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语意为：…也是一样She is a student. So I.她是一个学生，我也是。

She went to school just now. So I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是
She has finished the work. So I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。

She will go to school. So he.她将去学校，他也是。

6. Now I’m an adult, thinking back to those times.
【解析】times时光，岁月，时代，除times一词外，有时人们还会使用days表达类似含义。

【练习】In those ,people used to write a lot more letters.
A.time
B.day
C.days
7. I was late for school from staying out past ten.
【解析】from 介词，除了作“来自，从......中”，还可以表原因，意为“由于，因为”。

【练习】They really do get pleasure spending money on other people.
A . to B.with C.from
8. I regret talking back,not listening to Mom.
【解析】regret doing 后悔做过某事（已经做了）regret to do 对......感到遗憾（还没做）【练习】
①I regret _______(copy) others’ homework, not ______ (do) my homework seriously.
②I regret _______ that I am unable to help you.
A.to say
B. said
C. saying
D. being said
9. Do you ever...? 曾经做某事：
【解析】
Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
10. Parents should not be too strict with teenagers.
【解析】be strict with sb. 对某人严厉be strict in\about sth.对某事严格
11.test的相关短语
take the test 参加考试
pass the test 通过考试
fail a test 考试失败
12. keep 的相关短语
【解析】①keep sb/ sth.＋形容词使某人/某物保持….
②keep doing sth. / keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事
③keep /stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
④keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事
⑤keep away from... 远离...... keep sb. away from... 让......远离......
【练习】1.为了你的健康，为了你的安全，远离毒品。

For your health, for your ________, ______ ______ _______ the drugs.
2.我们都不让母亲知道那件事的真相。

We all ______ my mother ______ ______ the truth of the event.
13.learn的相关短语
【解析】①learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习(什么)
_________________________________________ 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语。

②learn to do sth. 学着去做某事
I have an opportunity （go）to Beijing.
I have a chance of （go）to Beijing.
15. 花费take ,cost, spend , pay
【解析】sb. spend … on sth. spend …(in) doing sth.
sb. pay … for sth. sth. cost (sb.) ……
句型It takes sb time to do.
It me 10days to read the book.
The book me 100yuan.
16. have +时间段+off 放假，休息放了两天假__________________
17. reply to 答复某人请以书信方式回复。

18. But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork.
但有时这些也会妨碍他们的功课。

【关于way的词组】1. get in the way of __________ on the way _____________ by the way___________
【练习】1.你认为太多的爱好会妨碍你的学业吗？
Do you think too many hobbies can _____ _____ _____ ______ _______ school work?
2._____ the way home, a traffic accident happened to her.
A. In
B. On
C. By
D. To
19. They should be allowed to practice their bobbies as much as possible.
【解析】as much as possible 尽可能；尽可能多
①During my stay in Beijing, she did ________to help me.
A.as much as possible
B. so much as she could
C. as much as could
②Some doctors are paid almost twice _____the nurses.
A.as much as
B.as many as
C.as little as
20.....and parents might worry about their success.
【解析】success n. _________ v. _________ adj. _________ adv.
___________________________ 成功做某事......
21. 对… 热衷，对…兴趣
【解析】①be serious about doing She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。

②be serious about sth. She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。

22. We have noting against running.我们并不反对跑步。

【解析】against介词，“反对”，表示“反对”时，反义词为for。

表示强烈反对，一般与strongly 搭配。

【拓展】
【练习】1. 我毫不反对玩电脑游戏，但要有限度。

I ______ ______ _______ _______ computer games, but not too much.
2.雨猛烈地敲打着窗户，以至于我们无法入睡。

The rain beat so heavily _______ _______ ________ that we couldn’t ______ _______.
23. Only then will I have a dance to achieve my dream.
【解析】这是一个部分倒装句，当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时，其后的句子用部分倒装，就是将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。

【练习】1.到会议结束时，我才认识到我错了。

Only at the end of the meeting _______ ______ _______ that I was wrong.
2.只有通过努力，你才会有成功的机会。

Only by working hard _______ _______ ______ a chance of success.
完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Ewan Drum has always liked superheroes. He admires how they help people. At the age of seven, he told his parents, “I want to 1 like a superhero and help the homeless.” A few
months later, Ewan’s family planned a day of 2 . Wearing his red superhero costume, Ewan 3 helped pass out 70 bag lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit, Michigan. That’s 4 Super Ewan was born.
Word spread about Ewan’ s good deeds(事迹). People donated(捐赠) money and something else, and Ewan handed them out to those in need. When 5 donated bottles of water, Ewan and his family held a drive to get even more. They 6 the water to Flint, Michigan, a city that had unsafe drinking water. Another time, a business donated six turkeys for Thanksgiving. 7 his parents’ help, Ewan used social media(媒体)to ask for more turkeys, plus side dishes. In the end, he says, “we handed out 64 turkey dinners to 8 all around Detroit.”
Ewan has a motto: Everyone can be a superhero to someone. At an event called the Hero Round Table, Ewan told the listeners, “It's not 9 to help people. You can keep some socks and snacks in your car to help people in need. Every 10 thing helps and can make someone feel happy.”
1. A. get up B. dress up C. look up
2. A. giving B. playing C. showing
3. A. safely B. seriously C. happily
4. A. what B. why C. how
5. A. someone B. everyone C. no one
6. A. sold B. took C. lent
7. A. From B. With C. In
8. A. heroes B. listeners C. families
9. A. difficult B. possible C. necessary
10. A. private B. little C. interesting
There is a popular Chinese saying that “Fair skin(皮肤) will make up for three flaws(缺陷)”. This mentions the fact that in Chinese culture, it is believed that people who have fair skin are more beautiful. In Western culture, however, the opposite is true — many Westerners think tanned skin is prettier. The example shows that different cultures have different ideas of what they think is
beautiful. These cultural meanings of the beauty, however, are no longer important. As more and more people travel overseas, ideas about beauty are being shared among cultures. The Internet has also made it easier for people to share different types of beauty since people are always posting pictures on social media. The result is an ever-changing idea of what is considered beautiful.
The cultural practice of ear piercings, for example, has become a part of modern day culture.In Kenya, it is a tradition among Masai men and women to pierce and then make their ear lobes ( 耳垂) longer using ivory and wood or stones. They then wear colorful things on their ear lobes. This is a common practice since longer ear lobes are seen as a sigh of beauty. This tradition has now found its way into present-day culture. Nowadays, this might still seem unusual to some, but with more and more well-known actors and film stars showing off their longer ear lobes, it will finally become more fashionable.
It is understood that different cultures around the world have different ways of showing beauty. However, since we now live in a worldwide society, people’s views about beauty are always changing. With the help of the Internet, people are now able to easily borrow ideas from other
1.What has made it easier for people to share ideas about beauty?
A.The development of technology.
B.The popularity of the latest fashions.
C.The unchanged cultural traditions.
D.The world’s growing population.
2.What can be learned about the Masai people from the passage?
A.Longer ear lobes are their new fashion.
B.Only women make their ear lobes longer.
C.They think longer ear lobes look beautiful.
D.They make actors and film stars famous.
3.The underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refers to________.
A. people
B. ideas
C. cultures
D. fashions
4.What is the passage mainly about?
A.People in Asian countries like fair skin better.
B.Beauty is considered important in many cultures.
C.Different cultures have different ideas about beauty.
D.People’s ideas about beauty are changing all the time.
请大家反思总结本单元所学重点语法：
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一、阅读理解
Bananas are the perfect snack. Not only are they sweet and delicious, but they are easy to carry around, so you can take them anywhere. Best of all, bananas provide different things that the human body needs!
Bananas grow best in warm places that get lots of rain. They grow on plants that look like trees. The banana plant, however, is considered a herb rather than a tree because it doesn’t have a strong , woody stem（茎，干）. The plants can grow as high as 30 feet. When they reach their full height, flowers grow out from the stem. These flowers produce bananas.
Two or three times each year, the plants produce fruit. The bananas grow together, which seem like “hands”. A hand is made up of 10 to 20 bananas. Growers sometimes call bananas “fingers”. Each bunch（丛）of bananas has about 15 hands, and so a whole bunch may have as many as 200 bananas and can weigh more than 100 pounds.
After about three months, the bananas are ready to be picked. At this point, they still aren’t the sunny yellow color of bananas. Farmers pick them when they’re green. That’s how they’re shipped to stores. They turn yellow along the way and are ready to be sold.
If you love bananas, you’ve got a lot of company. Americans have been enjoying bananas since
the first shipment arrived in the United States in 1876. Today, American eat more bananas than any other fruit. More bananas are sold than apples and grapes together. Every American eats over 26 pounds of bananas each year!
1.The first paragraph mainly talks about____________.
A.why people like bananas
B.how bananas taste
C.what bananas are rich in
D.where bananas are taken
2.What is the correct order in which these happen?
a. The bananas begin to turn yellow
b. A banana plant grows to full height.
c.The flowers produce bananas.
d. The bananas are ready to be picked.
A. c-b-a-d
B. b-c-d-a
C. b-c-a-d
D. c-b-d-a
3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.The banana plant is a kind of tree.
B.Bananas like growing in hot and dry areas.
C.One banana plant usually produces fruit two or three times each year.
D.The banana plant usually produces fruit once a year.
4.Which is the second most popular fruit in America according to the bar chart?
A.Apples.
B. Grapes.
C. Bananas.
D. Oranges
二、综合填空
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使文章通顺完整。

（每词限用一次）
One sunny afternoon, a young deer and an old deer were ___1___ under a tree in the forest. Suddenly, in the distance, they ___2___ some sounds of dogs’ barking.
The old deer stood up quickly. He felt nervous and ___3___. He
said to the young deer, “Be quick! It’s time to find a place to hide in. The
barking dogs are fierce (凶猛的) and they will ___4___ us.”
The young deer laughed and said, “Why should we hide from the dogs? We are bigger and ___5___than them. We can toss (扔) them aside with our big antlers (角). We should fight with them bravely.”
The old deer admired the ___6___of the young deer, but he did not believe the young. “We’d better run away now.” said the old deer.
The young deer refused to run away. He decided to fight___7___ the dogs. As the dogs ran to ___8___, he put down his antlers and wanted to toss them aside, But he didn’t win the ___9___ because there were too many dogs. He was killed by the dogs in the end.
The young deer lost his life because he didn’t know his strength and weakness. We can learn a lesson from the story. Don’t be like the ___10___ young deer when we are in danger. We should know our strength and weakness.。