2021年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷

2021年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
一、语法填空（本大题共10小题）
1、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第21~30题
Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices, while driving, walking, shopping, even sitting in toilets.1connected electronically, they are away from physical reality.
People2(influence) to become technology addicted. One survey reported that "addicted" was the word most commonly used by
people3(describe) their relationship to iPad and similar devices. One study found that people had a harder time4(resist) the temptation of social media than they did for sleep, cigarettes and alcohol.
The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on their products, not to actually improve our quality of life. They have successfully created a cultural disease. I see people5(trap) in a pathological（病态的）relationship with time-consuming technology,6they serve technology more than technology serves them. I call this technology servitude（奴役）. I am referring to a loss of personal freedom and
independence7uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eat up time and money.
What is a healthy use of technology devices? That is the vital question. Who is really in charge of my life? That is what we need to ask8if we are to have any chance of breaking up false beliefs about the use of technology. When we can live happily without using so much technology for a day or a week, then we can regain control and personal freedom, become the master of technology and discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology. Mae West is famous for the wisdom that "too much of a good thing is wonderful."9it's time to discover that it does not work for technology.
Richard Fernandez, an executive coach at Google acknowledged that "we can be swept away by our technologies." To break the grand digital connection, people must
consider10life long ago could be fantastic without today's overused technology.
二、选词填空（本大题共10小题）
2、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第31~40题
Celebrity（名人）has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity1to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the2of putting models on the cover because they don't sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful
market3, moving from advertising for others' products to developing their own.
Celebrity clothing lines aren't a completely new phenomenon, but in the past, they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they're started by first—class stars whose products enjoy4fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they try to5their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.
However, for every success story, there's a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer6. No matter how famous the product's origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the7attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried—and—true labels.
Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop—cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep is likely
to8to reduce a celebrity's shelf life and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego's （自我的）potential for expansion is9. Having already achieved great wealth and public10, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题）
3、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第41~55题
Many things happen when people are ageing. Apart from the greying hair and wrinkled skin, there is a(n)1change which comes with older age. When humans reach their later years, they favour more long-term2and their social circle is reduced.
Now, for what appears to be the first time, scientists have seen the
same3in another species. Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees（猩猩）reveal that older males choose to keep contact with their4friends at the expense of other relationships.
The researchers studied 78, 000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that followed the social5of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old. They classified the chimps'6depending on the amount of time they sat with others and groomed（梳毛）them. They then rated（分类）the various pairings as mutual（相互的）friendships, where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship;7friendships, where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other; and non-friendships, where neither chimp showed8the other.
When the scientists looked at the9of friendships, they found that the older chimps had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps.
Another10seen in older humans was also spotted in the chimps. As the males got older, their levels of11gradually become less, meaning they started fewer fights and tended to threaten others in their group less often.
The observations have left the researchers12. According to an idea in psychology known as socio-emotional selectivity theory, older humans prefer
more13relationships because they are aware that time is running out. However, many animal experts argue that chimpanzees14the human sense of mortality（死亡）, suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.
Robin Dunbar, a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford, said in humans, the15social circles with age is due to declining social motivation to get out and meet people combined by lack of opportunity. In chimpanzees, as older males compete less for mates, they may focus on close, reciprocal（互惠的）relationships with trusted partners, he said.
A. physical
B. intellectual
C. emotional
D. functional
A. habits
B. friends
C. tasks
D. ideas
A. problem
B. obstacle
C. struggle
D. behaviour
A. established
B. respective
C. experienced
D. thoughtful
A. skills
B. reputations
C. interactions
D. positions
A. intelligence
B. relationships
C. popularity
D. performances
A. easy-going
B. warm-hearted
C. self-relying
D. one-sided
A. respect for
B. courage to
C. interest in
D. loyalty to
A. patterns
B. importance
C. meanings
D. development
A. instinct
B. disadvantage
C. feature
D. belief
A. responsibility
B. aggression
C. reliability
D. advancement
A. delighted
B. amused
C. relived
D. puzzled
A. unknown
B. positive
C. insecure
D. senseless
A. lack
B. obtain
C. imitate
D. abandon
A. absence from
B. isolation from
C. decrease in
D. distinction in
四、阅读理解（本大题共11小题）
4、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第56~59题
Each day, 10-year-old Seth asked his mom for more and more lunch money. Yet he seemed skinnier than ever and came home from school hungry. It turned out that Seth was handing his lunch money to fifth grader, who was threatening to beat him up if he didn't pay.
Most kids have been teased by a brother or a friend at some point. And it's not usually harmful when done in a playful and friendly way, and both kids find it funny. But when teasing becomes hurtful, unkind, and constant, it crosses the line into bullying and needs to be stopped.
Bullying is intentional torment（折磨）in physical or psychological ways. It can range from hitting, name-calling and threats to blackmailing（勒索）money and possessions. Some kids bully others by deliberately separating them and spreading rumours about them. Others use social media or electronic messaging to make fun of others or hurt their feelings.
It's important to take bullying seriously and not just brush it off as something that kids have to tolerate. The effects can be serious and affect kids' sense of safety and self-worth. In severe cases, bullying has contributed to tragedies, such as suicides and school shootings.
Kids bully for a variety of reasons. Sometimes they pick on kids because they need a victim—someone who seems emotionally or physically weaker, or just acts or appears different in some way—to feel more important, popular, or in control. Although some bullies are bigger or stronger than their victims, that's not always the case.
Sometimes kids bully others because that's the way they've been treated. They may think their behavior is normal because they come from families or other settings where everyone regularly gets angry and shouts or calls each other names.
Unless your child tells you about bullying—or has visible injuries—it can be difficult to figure out if it's happening.
(1) What is the author's purpose of telling Seth's story?
A. To introduce the topic of bullying.
B. To seek help for the victims of bullying.
C. To analyze the cause of bullying.
D. To display the effects of bullying on kids.
(2) What does the phrase "brush it off" (in paragraph 4) probably mean?
A. Remove bullying.
B. Ignore bullying.
C. Avoid bullying.
D. Punish bullying.
(3) According to the passage, which of the following about bullying is NOT true?
A. Bullying is accidental behaviors.
B. Those who bully get emotional satisfaction.
C. The weak are easy to be bullied.
D. The experience of being bullied can lead to bullying.
(4) What will the following paragraph most probably talk about?
A. Problems of bullying.
B. Cause and effect of bullying.
C. Signs of bullying.
D. Psychological reasons of bullying.
5、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第60~62题
(1) Which of the following phrases can be put in the blank (in the 4th line)?
A. Just Opposite My Opinion
B. Joy of Missing Out
C. Jump off Mental Obstacle
D. Justify Our Main Objective
(2) According to the passage, which of the following is a state of JOMO?
A. You are busy with a report, so you don't have to attend a staff meeting.
B. You are not feeling well, so you are allowed to leave the work earlier.
C. You received a dinner party invitation, but you preferred to stay home.
D. You were tired out after work, but you heard your favorite song on the radio.
(3) The word "zeitgeist" (in the last paragraph) probably refers to.
A. a mixed or unfavorable feeling toward technology
B. a trend to use new words related to technology
C. the fear of negative influence of technology on people
D. the lack of ability to use technology properly
6、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第63~66题
Once upon a time, science fiction was just a style among other styles. There were crime stories, there were horror stories, there was literary fiction, and there was science fiction. But today science themes dominate these other styles. It's difficult to think of much modern crime, horror or "serious" fiction that doesn't involve science.
And it's not just books. With every second movie and computer game having a sci-fi element, science fiction seems to have controlled our entire entertainment culture. It's clear that if we want to define science fiction, we should relate it to the role that science plays in our lives.
Although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times, it is more reasonable to find it in initial form in the 19th century, when industrial societies arose. One of the features that set industrial societies apart from other kinds was the increasing part that science played in everyday life. Factories with vast machines turned out huge quantities of goods, which were transported by trains, motor vehicles and ships all over the world. Cities were built on the back of technology, with electricity in homes and hospitals helping everyone to lead healthier, more convenient lives. All of these changes had great effects not only on people's real lives, but on their imaginative ones.
Writers began to describe these changing physical and mental landscapes, eventually giving science fiction a large and devoted fan base of especially young readers, who found that it spoke to their curiosity about the future that science would create.
But sci-fiction reflected fears about science more than it did hopes. These typical early science fiction novels might be a UK novel like H. G. Wells'The War of the Worlds(1897). With great skill, Wells played upon the fears of technology by imagining Earth under threat by a civilization—that of men from Mars.
The science fiction of today expresses the impact of the computing revolution, robotics and our environmental challenges, while it is less concerned with "little green men from Mars" and other themes of past sci-fiction.
Given that science, technology and politics are always intertwined, contemporary science fiction often has a great deal to say about power. Many recent novels—like American Cory Doctorow's Little Brother(2008)—are concerned with government and security service"conspiracies（阴谋）"against the people, particularly as the revelations of whistleblowers like Edward Snowden sink in. This can give sci-fi writing a "skeptical（怀疑的）" feel.
This underlines one of the features that remains constant between the beginnings of the empire of science fiction and its state today.
As then, so now: We want to read about how fearful the future will be, not how it will be a paradise.
(1) According to the first paragraph, we know that.
A. science fiction used to take the leadership in literature
B. horror story and literary fiction have initiated science fiction
C. modern fiction reflects the influence of science fiction
D. science fiction is the dominant literature style at present time
(2) What caused science fiction to appear in the 19th century?
A. The curiosity of young readers about the future.
B. The changes that the industrial revolution brought about.
C. People's stretched imagination affected by their real life.
D. People's fears about science rather than hopes.
(3) According to the passage, what do we know about the early science fiction?
A. It aroused people's curiosity of science on daily life.
B. It intensified people's worries about the social problems.
C. It promoted people's understanding of the true value of science.
D. It conveyed an atmosphere of imaginary anxieties to people.
(4) Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Despite the content, the theme of science fiction remains the same.
B. The fear of outer space attack has long been a worry among people of times.
C. The appearance of science fiction has caused misunderstanding among people.
D. Science fiction is weakening government power implemented on people.
五、信息匹配（本大题共4小题）
7、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第67~70题
Who's in control of your life? Who's pulling your strings?1We learned this way of operating when we were very young, of course. We were brainwashed. We discovered that feeling important and feeling accepted was a nice experience and so we learned to do everything we could to make other people like us. As Oscar Wilde puts it, "Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone else's opinions, their lives a mimicry（模仿）, their passions a quotation."
So when people tell us how wonderful we are, it makes us feel good. We long for this good feeling like a drug-we are addicted to it and seek it out wherever we can.2Just as drug addicts and alcoholics live worsened lives to keep getting their fix （成瘾物）, we worsen our own existence to get our own constant fix of approval.
But just as with any drug, there is a price to pay. The price of the approval drug is freedom-the freedom to be ourselves. The truth is that we cannot control what other people think. People have their own schedule and they come with their own baggage and, in the end, they're more interested in themselves than in you.3Everyone has a different way of thinking, and people change their opinions all the time. The person who tries to please everyone will only end up getting exhausted and probably pleasing no one in the process.
So how can we take back control?4We should guide ourselves by means of a set of values-not values imposed from the outside by others, but innate values which come from within. If we are driven by these values and not by the changing opinions and value systems of others, we will live a more authentic, effective, purposeful and happy life.
A. It's the inner self born in our mind that is keeping us under control.
B. Furthermore, if we try to live by the opinions of others, we will build our life on sinking sand.
C. As a matter of fact, people sometimes fail to understand who they are and where they are going.
D. For the most of us, it's other people-society, colleagues, friends, family or our community.
E. I think there's only one way-make a conscious decision to stop caring what other people think.
F. Therefore, we are so eager for the approval of others that we live unhappy and limited lives, failing to do the things we really want to.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
8、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第71题
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
These days, it's not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It's becoming more and more common to see adult taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.
What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia （怀旧的） for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.
Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity（不成熟）and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly（异常） that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers.
From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.
七、翻译（本大题共4小题）
9、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第72题
翻译
天气这么好，周六去植物园野餐好吗？（Why not…）
10、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第73题
翻译
我现在比以前挣得多了，每月支付日常开销后还能存一些钱。

(make)
11、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第74题
翻译
我外婆眼力不济了，看不了太小的字，需要一部适合老年人的手机。

(suitable)
12、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第75题
翻译
获得粉丝大量点赞后他感概万千，回想起创业之初经历的种种磨难，他不禁失声痛哭。

(can't help)
八、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
13、【来源】 2021年上海闵行区高三二模第76题
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你们学校将为学生开设一系列微课程，每人可以选择其中的一项参加。

课程包括"文学欣赏"(Literature Appreciation)、 "厨艺" (Cooking Skills) 和"野外生存"(Wilderness Survival Skills)。

你在英国留学的表哥Wilson很关心你这次课程的选择。

请你写E-mail给他，说说你选择的结果，并简要谈谈你这样选择的理由。

1 、【答案】 When;have been influenced;to describe;resisting;trapped;where;because of或thanks to 或owing to;ourselves;But;how;
2 、【答案】 C;K;A;H;G;F;D;J;B;I;
3 、【答案】 C;B;D;A;C;B;D;C;A;C;B;D;B;A;C;
4 、【答案】 (1) A;
(2) B;
(3) A;
(4) C;
5 、【答案】 (1) B;
(2) C;
(3) A;
6 、【答案】 (1) C;
(2) B;
(3) D;
(4) A;
7 、【答案】 D;F;B;E;
8 、【答案】Kidults refer to adults who take up childhood interests. The growing phenomenon can be explained by their desire to recapture childhood pleasures and their ability to afford them because of delayed marriage. Though traditionally considered immature and irresponsible, kidults believe this harmless behavior, which benefits the individuals and shows their independent thinking, is due largely to social factors.
;
9 、【答案】 Why not go to the botanic garden for a picnic this Saturday when we have such fine weather? ;
10 、【答案】 I'm making more money now than before, and I can save some money after paying the daily expenses every month.
;
11 、【答案】 My grandma's eyesight is too poor to read small words, so she needs a mobile phone suitable for the elderly/old people.
;
12 、【答案】 After receiving a lot of praise from his fans, he was filled with different emotions and couldn't help crying out loud when he was recalling all kinds of hardships at the beginning of his business. ;
13 、【答案】 Dear Wilson,
I have learnt that our school will be open new train courses to satisfy our needs, including Literature Appreciation, Cooking Skills and Wilderness Survival Skills.【高分句型一】 As for me, I won't hesitate to choose Wilderness Survival Skills.（我的选择）
Most projects of Wilderness Survival Skills are designed to improve the quality of people's psychology, to improve self-control ability of students to continually overcome the psychological fear, to challenge themselves, overcome themselves and shape the good will quality of calm, resolute, indomitable. In addition, Outward Bound can cultivate students' sense of team work. （结果）
Obviously, Wilderness Survival Skills can achieve educational goals of psychological and social adaptation, which, for the long run, pays off and benefits us for a life-long term.【高分句型二】（理由）
Yours
Li Hua
;。