河南省安阳市第三十六中学2017-2018学年高二英语下学期第一次月考试题

河南省安阳市第三十六中学2017-2018学年高二英语下学期第一次月考试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AMany animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda eats only one particular type of bamboo. Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet. The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.1. From the text we can infer(推断) that humans and animals _________.A. depend on one sense in choosing foodB. are not satisfied with their foodC. choose food in similar waysD. eat entirely different food2. Which of the following eats only one type of food?A. The white butterfly.B. The small bird.C. The bearD. The fox.3. Certain animals change their choice of food when _________.A. the season changesB. the food color changesC. they move to different placesD. they are attracted by different smells4. We can learn from the last paragraph that _________.A. food is chosen for a good reasonB. French and British food is goodC. some people have few choices of foodD. some people care little about healthy dietRice plants normally grow well in still water. But most will die if they are completely underwater for more than four days. Now, researchers have identified a gene（基因）that helps rice survive longer underwater. They say the discovery will lead to new kinds of rice plants that can survive flooding, and therefore reach their final aim, ensuring more dependable food supplies.Tests are now being done in Laos, Bangladesh and India. The researchers say experimental rice plants with the gene have survived underwater as long as two weeks. When flooding happens, most kinds of rice plants cannot get enough oxygen, carbon dioxide or sunlight. But the scientists say crop loss depends on several conditions. These include soil conditions and plant age. Others include the amount of time the plant is underwater and the amount of fertilizer（肥料）used on the crop.On a genetic（遗传的）map of rice, the scientists became interested in a group of three genes. They experimented with one of them, a gene known as Sub-One-A. They found that when this gene becomes very active, it improves the ability of rice to survive longer when rice is covered by water. They believe it succeeds because it affects the reaction to hormones（荷尔蒙）. They control the ability of a flooded plant to survive. Placing the gene into rice plants that are especially good for conditions in India, researchers say the genetically engineered plants not only survived but also produced good crops.The researchers are now trying to identify all the genes governed by the Sub-One-A gene. Being able to leave water on rice plants for an additional week might also help farmers prevent the growth of weeds. Less weed growth around their crops would mean less need for herbicide（除草剂）chemicals.5. Crop loss depends on all the following conditions EXCEPT _______.A. soil conditions and plant ageB. the amount of water the plant stands inC. the amount of fertilizer used on the cropD. the amount of time the plant is underwater6. What is the final aim of this research?A. To identify the gene that helps rice survive underwater.B. To increase the ability of rice to fight against floods.C. To help farmers spend less time removing weeds.D. To make sure of enough food supplies.7. What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Genes.B. The experiments.C. Genetically engineered plants.D. Hormones.8. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Rice research is going on in Laos and IndiaB. How to reduce the influence of floods on riceC. Gene researchers work on flood-resistant riceD. A great discovery in the agricultural fieldBuying insurance is a way in which people can protect themselves against large losses. Protection against fire is one kind of insurance. Large numbers of people pay small sums of money to an insurance company. Although thousands of people have paid for fire insurance, only a few will lose their homes by fire. The insurance company will pay for these homes out of the small sums of money it had collected.The first modem fire insurance company was formed in London in the 1740s. A great fire had just destroyed most of the city and people wanted protection against further losses. The first company grew rapidly. Some other companies were founded in other areas.Benjamin Franklin helped form the first fire insurance company in America in 1752, and then a new kind of insurance for farmers was suggested. The new insurance would provide protection against the loss of crops from storms.Later on another new insurance company was started in America. This company, which offered life insurance, collected small sums of money regularly from many different men. If a man died, his family was given a large sum of money.Over the years, insurance companies have offered new kinds of insurance protection. The new kinds of insurance cover from such accidents as car and plane crashes. Today, most people have some kind of insurance.9. The first fire insurance company was founded ____.A. in EnglandB. in 1740C. in AmericaD. in 175210. We can lean from the passage that ____.A. the first modem fire insurance company was founded before a great fire in LondonB. in America, farmers have protection against the loss of crops from storms if they buy insuranceC. fire insurance will prevent people’s homes from burningD. life insurance was started in London, England11. Insurance means protection against ____.A. the loss of car and plane crashesB. the loss of fireC. the loss of lifeD. losses of many kinds of accidents12. The best title for this passage is ____.A. Protection for EveryoneB. The First Fire Insurance CompanyC. The Founder of the Insurance CompanyD. Life InsuranceDAccording to U. S. research，you can add seven and a half years to your life just by being happy!Supporting this claim is Laurie Hayes，Life Strategy Coach from Ontario，Canada，who has been working with people who have recognized this missing element in their lives and want to take corrective action towards a more meaningful，balanced existence.“Some people believe that by earning more money，working longer hours，and takingon more and more responsibility，they will somehow reap big benefits that will in the end guarantee happiness. Unfortunately that just isn't the case，and research has now proven that the more comfortable life becomes，the more discontented and unfulfilled we become.”Incredibly，professional men and women polled in a recent study were rated to be unhappiest of all. Most attributed work pressures，the need to achieve，family responsibilities，social pressures，and busy lifestyles. Ms. Hayes says people often wait so long to do anything about these feelings that by the time they come to her they are out of order，overwhelmed，feeling heavy and isolated，and that it's only through supportive，strategic life coaching they are able to learn how to live，laugh，and dream again.Coaching used to be intended for top­level executives，movie stars and large corporations，but is now being sought after by average，everyday people seeking positive life change. Already mainstream in the U. S.，it is still relatively new in Canada.“I know personally what it's like to live without real happiness. I experienced it years ago，learned a valuable lesson and now I want to do my bit to help others realize that they too can find happiness.” Thankfully，real happiness is attainable and doesn't have to come at the expense of something else. As a matter of fact，the source might be so close to us that we can't even see it！The secret of extended life might be right under our noses，only waiting to be discovered!13.“The secret of extended life might be right under our noses，only waiting to be discovered！”means ________.A. real happiness is attainable and doesn't have to come at the expense of something elseB. real happiness is very important，but we all miss itC. extended life is easy to gain for life strategy coach，such as Ms. HayesD. you can add seven and a half years to your life just by being happy14. The underlined word “existence” can be replaced by ________.A. pursuitB. happinessC. lifeD. coaching15. The passage mainly tells us that ________.A. you can add exact seven and a half years to your life just by being happyB. professional men and women were rated to be unhappiest of allC. extended life is easy to gain，just be happyD. extended life comes at the expense of something else第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。