定语从句在高考中的考查

定语从句在高考中的考查
一语法填空
1.(2019·新课标II卷) Now she works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shops in Macclesfield, which she opened with her late husband.
考查非限制性定语从句，分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中做opened宾语，故填which.
2.(2019·新课标III卷) They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals.
考查定语从句，先行词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语，故关系代词填who.
3.(2018·新课标I卷) Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.
考查定语从句。

空处为关系代词作定语从句的主语，先行词为a study, published in 2014是过去分词短语作a study的定语，定语从句没有紧跟在先行词后，属于定语从句的隔离现象。

故答案为that/which.
4.(2018·新课标II卷) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that the government started a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer（专用肥）recommendations to farmers.
考查定语从句关系词的选择。

此处指代先行词 a soil-testing
program，并且在从句中作主语，故答案为that或which.
5.(2017·新课标I卷) Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health．
考查关系代词。

分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which. 6.(2017·新课标II卷) But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models ,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
考查关系代词。

分析句子结构可知，Sarah是主语wants是主句中的谓语，中间是非限制性定语从句先行词为Sarah.
7.(2017·浙江卷) Many children, whose parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处在句中引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词many children，在从句中充当定语，故填whose 8.(2016·新课标I卷) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s_when _I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild．
考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词when.
二．短文改错
1.(2019·新课标I卷)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.
考查定语从句。

先行词one afternoon表示时间在定语从句中做状语，所以关系词使用when.
2.(2019·新课标III卷)In the café, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.
考查定语从句。

先行词environment 在从句中做主语，指物，关系代词应该为that/which.
3.(2018·新课标I卷) They also had a small pond which they raised fish.
考查定语从句，先行词为地点名词，从句中做状语，故答案为which改为where /in which.
4.(2017·新课标II卷) In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.
考查定语从句，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为garden 且关系代词在句中做主语，所以应该使用which.
5.(2017·新课标III卷) Around me in the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments.
考查定语从句。

things是个名词, 后面接了一个定语从句, 修饰先行词things, 既可以用that也可以用which作关系代词.
6.(2016·四川卷) The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favourite.
考查定语从句，根据句子结构可知, 此处为定语从句, 先行词为The dishes, 关系词在从句中作动词cooked的宾语, 所以用关系代词that/which引导, 关系代词在从句中作宾语时也可以省略.
三．步骤
四．注意事项
(1)what不能引导定语从句。

(2)that不能引导非限制性定语从句
(3)that不能引导非限制性定语从句
(4)定语从句中先行词表示地点、时间或原因时，引导词不一定是where, when或why
五．阅读理解
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program, Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. (2019新课标I卷阅读理解A篇) 先行词为this program，非限制性定语从句，关系代词which做主语不可省略。