福建省福州第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次调研测试英语试题含答案

福建省福州第一中学2023届高三第一次调研测试
英语
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50 分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A
Cool Inventions
For Light Sleepers
Millions of people have trouble falling asleep each night,which is why LightSleeper was created.
Developed in the United Kingdom，LightSleeper’s makers say it can help a person fall asleep and also help a person fall back to sleep after waking up in the middle of the night.
LightSleeper works by projecting (投射) a light onto the ceiling while the person is lying down. The idea is to watch the light, because the light moving in a circle has a relaxing effect.
One of the advantages of the product is that it won’t disturb other people in the room.The product can be easily moved and will switch itself off after 30 minutes to save power.
Stop the Snoring (打鼾)
Here’s a new product designed to slow down the frequency and level of your snoring.The Snore Stopper has a sensitive instrument that will detect when you’re snoring.Once it does that,it will send a very mild electronic signal to your wrist.This consequently changes your sleeping position to stop you from snoring. The Snore Stopper won’t cause any damage to your body.
Get Your True Colors
Photoshop features a pen that will copy the color settings of what you are monitoring on screen to use as a color in your program.Now an off­line product allows you to pick a color when not using the computer software.
The Color Picker is a concept pen. After placing the pen against an object, the user just presses the scan button. Color sensors (感应器) inside the pen send information to a
box,which then mixes red,green and blue to produce the desired ink color.
Keep It Fresh
More high technology products are showing up in the kitchen. A new Bagel dome(圆顶形物)advertises that it will keep your baked goods fresher for longer periods of time. The product, which is able to remove air, works for bread rolls, cakes and other perishables. To use it, you just push a button at the top.
1．How can LightSleeper help a person fall asleep?
A．Its light makes people feel calm.
B．It doesn’t make any noise.
C．It is fixed on the ceiling.
D．Its light moves fast.
2．What do we know about the Snore Stopper?
A．It will cause slight damage to a person’s body.
B．It will wake a person up once he starts snoring.
C．It can make sure a person doesn’t snore all night.
D．It can make a person snore less by changing his sleeping position.
3．The Color Picker will probably be used while you’re ________.
A．using the computer
B．drawing pictures
C．collecting information
D．designing a program
4．The underlined word “perishables” in the last paragraph refers to foods which ________. A．are easy to keep B．go bad easily
C．are rich in vitamins D．keep you thin
B
An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather. Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes.
Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses. Several are on the roadside near an
active railroad. On a recent day, Mr.Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young. The two men hug. Inside his little shelter Mr.Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets. Mr.Kloehn also visits Sweet­Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built. She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.
In the mornings, Mr. Kloehn searches the streets for building materials. He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio. There, he puts the houses together. Empty coffee bags become roof material. A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows. Nails,screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together. The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house. The device is powered by the sun.
Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own. But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man.
Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors.
5．The following are the advantages of the small shelters EXCEPT ________.
A．saving power and energy
B．protecting possessions of the homeless
C．decorating the streets where they are
D．keeping the homeless safe and comfortable
6．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20 tiny houses
B．an act of kindness has made people simple and grateful
C．the shelters are immovable
D．the government has got involved in the action
7．The passage is likely taken from ________.
A．an official report
B．an art review
C．a science magazine
D．a news report
8．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．An artist creates homes for the homeless.
B．A more comfortable shelter on the streets.
C．A successful social project in Oakland.
D．An artist makes a living by designing small shelters.
C
Researchers at the University of Scotland have discovered a protein that can influence viruses developing and even can control cancer. Now the fight is on to fully understand how it works in the hope of turning the laboratory research into a treatment.
The protein is called Hira. Technically it is a histone（组蛋白）complex, but it is easier to understand in terms of what it can do. Three years ago Dr Taranjit Singh Rai and colleagues at the Beatson Cancer Institute and Glasgow University reported that Hira could possibly suppress the division of cells that causes cancer. In the course of that research, Dr Rai found out something unusual. In the lab they have established that the Hira protein has a role to play in the anti-viral fight, thus, making it have a fundamental role to play in fighting against cancer.
The trick in using it to fight diseases may lie in increasing Hira levels in our cells. “I think what researchers might be interested in is how we can increase levels of this protein to deal with the viruses better, Dr Rai said.
Dr Rai has led an international study and support has come from Cancer Research UK and the results are published in the journal Nucleic Acids Research. But there is a major concern that the research is still limited to the laboratory.
It is going to take some time, probably years, before this work can move out of the lab and into clinics and hospitals. But the researchers are excited Hira will one day be the basis of a new approach in medicine.
9．What does the underlined word “suppress" in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Motivate.B．Monitor.C．Control.D．Improve. 10．What can be known from the text?
A．Hira has been used in the medical treatment.
B．More studies should be done on Hira.
C．The levels of Hira in cells are unchangeable.
D．Hira can bring about side effects.
11．What is the researchers' attitude to the future of Hira?
A．Cautious.B．Optimistic.
C．Disapproving.D．Doubtful.
12．What's the text mainly about?
A．A new way to use the protein.
B．A new approach to improving the division of cells.
C．A new medicine that can fight diseases.
D．A protein that can stop viruses developing.
D
There has been a lot of publicity (宣传) recently surrounding 5G, the next generation of wireless technology for the world. But what is this technology and how might it change our lives?
What is 5G?
5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. 4G was the replacement for 3G, which came after 2G, and so on. These systems are wireless computer networks. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity. The new 5G system promises more of the same. It is expected to permit more users to do more things-at a faster rate. Higher internet speeds and larger network capacity should result in better performance for device users connected to 5G. However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different than the earlier systems. It will move well beyond mobile network technology to affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
When will it be available?
Before we can all use 5G, wireless companies and phone makers will have to complete and deploy (部署) a whole new system. New phones and communication equipment must be built. American wireless companies have been preparing for the new system for some time. They have been creating new network equipment and buying broadcasting space to carry 5G signals. They have built news G antennas(天线)to serve American cities and towns. Wireless providers will invest at least $275 billion n 5G-related networks in the United States, the industry group CTIA reported. The first U.S, launch of 5G is expected to happen sometime this year. Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.
13．Which system is widely used nowadays?
A．5G.B．2G.C．3G D．4G.
14．Which of the following is NOT 5G system’s advantage to the other Gs?
A．It will allow more users to do more things.B．The internet speed will be much higher. C．The users will spend much less money on it.D．It will affect more devices and industries 15．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．5G system has nothing to do with phone makers.
B．There is much work to do before 5G comes into use.
C．New phones will be much smarter than those used now.
D．4G system will be stopped as soon as 5G comes into use.
16．In which order will the following countries use 5G system according to the passage? A．USA→China→European nations.B．China→USA→European nations. C．USA→European nations→China.D．European nations→China→USA．
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两
项为多余选项。

Avoid These Mistakes in Your Social Interaction
Breaking into an existing conversation
Timing is everything. If you see two or more people actively engaged in conversation, they’re probably not ready for you to cut in. First, wait for a rest. ____17____, that’s your chance.
Starting talking without having something to say
If someone appears distant or lost in thought, moving into their personal space and saying “hello” is hardly a way to start a conversation. Try asking permission (e.g., “Excuse me, do you mind if I ask you something?”) and make sure you have a fully formed question or comment in mind (e.g., “Are you having a good time?”). ____18____.
Bringing up controversial(有争议的) topics
If you’re talking to someone new, it’s generally best not to talk about weighty or
of-putting topics. ____19____ Maybe it’s the music you’re both hearing, or the food you’re both tasting.
____20____
Once you’ve made a connection with each other, keep that connection going by making yourself easy to understand. If you speak different languages, for example, slow your speech and pronounce clearly. If they ask you what you do for work, don’t use a lot of technical expressions.
Talking too much about yourself - or about the other person
It’s often said that people love to talk about themselves, and that asking questions is the secret to good conversations. ____21____. Nobody likes to feel interrogated(审问), so if you sense that questions aren’t welcome, back off.
A．Being hard to follow
B．Making too much connection
C．But that’s not true for everyone
D．They will lead to a deeper interaction
E．Then once you have someone’s attention or receive a nonverbal go-ahead
F．Aim for something simple that you and the other person can observe together
G．It’s all about creating a comfortable opportunity for the other person to respond 第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

When things around the house stop working, what do you do with them? If you’re like a lot of people, you probably just ____22____ them away.
In some areas, it’s difficult to find people who can make repairs, and ____23____ things can be expensive. Also, some small objects are so inexpensive that it’s easier to ____24____ buy a new one.
In 2009, Martine Postma from Netherlands decided there must be a better way. Her
____25____ was Repair Cafés: places where people can take damaged items. There they will find tools, ____26____ and volunteer experts to help with repairs.
Postma’s first Repair Café opened on Oct. 18, 2009, in Amsterdam, and was a huge
____27____. News of the café spread, and people began asking how they could ____28____ their own. In 2011, Postma established the Repair Café Foundation. This ____29____ organization provides guidance to those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group. Today, there are roughly 2,000 Repair cafés around the world. Everything is free, but donations are greatly ____30____.
The cafés not only provide help with repairs, they also _____31_____ community ties. Neighbors _____32_____ one another as they work together on projects. In addition, valuable _____33_____ is passed along and preserved.
In an interview, Postma described how _____34_____ it is watching people who really want to help one another. Postma summed up the _____35_____ of Repair Cafés best in the following words: “Everyone is a/an _____36_____ and a receiver. ”
22．A．put B．throw C．give D．take 23．A．fixing B．buying C．making D．renting 24．A．seldom B．usually C．just D．ever 25．A．solution B．curiosity C．motivation D．result 26．A．rooms B．money C．chances D．resources 27．A．luck B．fame C．attempt D．success 28．A．buy B．find C．make D．start 29．A．nonprofit B．international C．cultural D．civil 30．A．responded B．suggested C．appreciated D．refused 31．A．test B．strengthen C．affect D．earn 32．A．spy on B．chat with C．get to know D．compete with 33．A．wealth B．knowledge C．habit D．instruction 34．A．exciting B．tiring C．surprising D．embarrassing 35．A．custom B．mission C．journey D．experience 36．A．host B．owner C．organizer D．giver
第二节（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Organic farming（OF）is a farming system ____37____ uses environmentally friendly methods of weed, pest, and disease control. The principles and practices of OF ____38____ （express）in the standards of International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements （IFOAM）as the principle of health, ecology, fairness, and care. The organic movement began after 1920, as ____39____ reaction by individual agricultural scientists and farmers against industrialized agriculture. Three important movements have been received within first half of the twentieth century: biodynamic, organic, ____40____ biological agriculture. In 1998, IFOAM ____41____ （adopt）basic standards for OF and processing. Organic production ____42____ （method）are those where at least 95% of the ingredients of
____43____ （agriculture）origin are organic. Organic content less than 70% in products may not refer ____44____ organic production methods.
All countries have established special logos for organic production ____45____
（indicate）that products are covered by the inspection scheme. Certified OF is now practiced in approximately 120 countries of the world. According to the last survey, more than 31 million ha is currently managed organically by at least 623 174 farms worldwide.
Enhanced soil fertility and higher floral and faunal（动物群的）____46____ （diverse）were found in OF experiments.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40 分）
第一节（满分15 分）
47．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是浦润中学高三学生李青，你校校刊上的“展望未来”栏目正在征文，请以“50年后的学校”为题写一篇文章投稿。

你的稿件必须包括：
描述50年后的学校里的一个场景；谈谈现在的你置身其中的感受。

(注：文中不得出现真实的姓名及学校名称。

)
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________
第二节（满分25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic (酒鬼) parents, was about to be lost forever by the education system. Obviously, he could read, yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve was failing. He had been failing since first grade, as he was passed on from grade to grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed... until Miss White appeared.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead. Steve admired her actually. Yet, he never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams. “Steve!!” Frightened, he turned to look at her. “Pay attention! You all did pretty well,” she told the class, “except for
one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this… The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!”
After that, it was war! Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even as the punishments became more severe, he remained stubborn.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing happened.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I really care about you!” Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it!! Someone cared about him? Someone, totally unreachable and perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按下列格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________
参考答案
1．A2．D3．B4．B
本文是一篇布告类短文，介绍了四项小发明以及每项小发明的具体信息。

1．细节理解题。

根据第一部分第三段最后一句The idea is to watch the light, because the light moving in a circle has a relaxing effect.可知这种机器可以发出光线，光线是以圆的形式出现，圆形有让人放松的作用，有助于人们的睡眠。

故A项正确。

2．细节理解题。

根据第二部分倒数第二句This consequently changes your sleeping position to stop you from snoring.可知这种发明通过改变人们的睡觉姿势阻止人们打呼噜。

故D项正确。

3．推理判断题。

根据第三部分第一句Photoshop features a pen that will copy the color settings of what you are monitoring on screen to use as a color in your program.可知这种发明主要与绘
画时使用的颜色技巧相关，所以主要运用于绘画。

故B项正确。

4．猜测词意题。

根据本地第二句A new Bagel dome advertises that it will keep your baked goods fresher for longer periods of time.可知这种新发明可以让食物保鲜，所以本句“works for bread rolls, cakes and other perishables. ”中的划线词应该是与蛋糕类似容易变质的食物。

故B项正确。

5．C6．B7．D8．A
这是一篇记叙文。

全文讲述了一位艺术家用废旧物品制造小房子并捐赠给无家可归的人的故事。

5．细节理解题。

根据倒第三段最后一句“The device is powered by the sun.(这个装置是由太阳供电的)”可知，这种小房子很省电，所以选项A是它的优势，排除选项A；根据第二段最后一句“She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings.(她说，这能保证她的安全，保护她的财产)”可知，这种小房子可以保护无家可归者的财产，所以选项B是它的优势，排除选项B；根据第一段第一句和第二句“Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather.(Greg Kloehn建造了非常小的庇护所，让街道上的生活更加舒适。

这些建筑为无家可归者提供了一些安全保障，并保护他们免受恶劣天气的影响)”可知，这种小房子确保无家可归者的安全和舒适，所以选项D是它的优势，排除选项D；文中没有提到这种小房子可以起到装饰作用，所以选项C不是它的优势，故选A。

6．细节理解题。

根据倒第二段最后一句“But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man. (但一些人说，他们已经学会用更少的钱生活，他们对那个人心存感激)”可知，一个善举让人们变得简单和感恩。

故选B。

7．推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. (加利福尼亚州奥克兰市的一位艺术家正在用他的技能帮助无家可归的人)”可知，
文章第一句就概括了全文，表明文章要讲的事情，所以这是新闻报道中的导语。

根据最后一段“Mr.Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors. (克勒恩先生说，他的工作不是一个社会项目。

他说，他只是一个用自己的技能帮助无家可归的邻居的人)”可知，这是转述受采访的人说的话。

由此推知，这是一篇新闻报道。

故选D。

8．主旨大意题。

根据第一段第一句和第二句“An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. (加利福尼亚州奥克兰市的一位艺术家正在用他的技能帮助无家可归的人。

Greg Kloehn建造了非常小的庇护所，让街道上的生活更加舒适)”可知，文章主要是讲一位艺术家为无家可归的人建造家园。

故选A。

9．C10．B11．B12．D
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述了苏格兰大学的研究人员发现了一种可以抑制病毒复制，甚至控制癌症的蛋白质。

9．词义猜测题。

根据文章第二段“Hira could possibly suppress the division of cells that causes cancer. the Hira protein has a role to play in the anti-viral fight, thus, making it have a fundamental role to play in fighting against cancer.”可知hira在对抗癌症的过程中起基础性作用，因为hira能够控制引发癌症的细胞分裂。

故选C项。

10．推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“It is going to take some time, probably years, before this work can move out of the lab and into clinics and hospitals.”可知，hira用于临床实践还需要很长时间，甚至很多年，所以hira目前仍需要进行试验研究。

故选B项。

11．推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“But the researchers are excited Hira will one day be the basis of a new approach in medicine.”可知，作者认为在医疗上，hira将来会成为一种新的基础医疗方法。

所以，作者对此持乐观态度。

故选B项。

12．主旨大意题。

根据文章第一段“Researchers at the University of Scotland have discovered a protein that can influence viruses developing and even can control cancer.”可知苏格兰大学的研究人员发现了一种抑制病毒传播和控制癌症的蛋白质。

故选D项。

13．D14．C15．B16．A
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了世界上的下一代无线技术——5G，解释了什么是5G，5G 的一些优势以及何时可以投入使用的问题。

13．推理判断题。

根据第三段中5G stands for fifth generation, meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.可知5G代表第五代，意味着技术进步的下一步将取代目前的4G系统。

由此可推知，目前广泛使用的是4G。

故选D。

14．细节理解题。

根据第三段中It is expected to permit more users to do more things-at a faster rate. Higher internet speeds and larger network capacity should result in better performance for device users connected to 5G. However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different than the earlier systems. It will move well beyond mobile network technology to affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.可知它有望允许更多的用户以更快
的速度做更多的事情。

更高的网速和更大的网络容量将为连接到5G的设备用户带来更好的性能。

然而，技术专家表示，5G与早期系统有一个主要的不同之处。

与其他“G”版本相比，它将远远超越移动网络技术，影响更多的设备和行业。

由此可知，5G系统相对于其他系统的优势有它将允许更多的用户做更多的事情、网速将会高得多以及它将影响更多的设备和行业，除了C选项“用户在这上面花的钱会少得多”文章没有提到。

故选C。

15．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中Before we can all use 5G, wireless companies and phone makers will have to complete and deploy (部署) a whole new system. New phones and communication equipment must be built. (在我们都能使用5G之前，无线公司和手机制造商必须完成并部署一套全新的系统。

必须制造新的电话和通讯设备)以及后文Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.可知行业专家预计还需要几年时间才能推广到全国。

农村地区将需要更长的时间。

中国预计将在2020年的某个时候推出5G，而随着时间的推移，欧洲国家可能会放慢其系统的建设速度。

由此可推知，在5G投入使用之前还有很多工作要做。

故选B。

16．细节理解题。

根据最后一段中The first U.S, launch of 5G is expected to happen sometime this year. Industry experts expect it will take a few more year to go nationwide. It will take even longer to reach rural areas. China is expected to launch 5G sometime in 2020, while European nations are likely to build their systems more slowly over time.可知在美国，5G预计将在今年的某个时候推出。

行业专家预计还需要几年时间才能推广到全国。

农村地区将需要更长的时间。

中国预计将在2020年的某个时候推出5G，而随着时间的推移，欧洲国家可能会放慢其系统的建设速度。

由此可知，5G系统的使用顺序为：美国→中国→欧洲国家。

故选A。

17．E18．G19．F20．A21．C
这是一篇说明文。

文章主要介绍了在社交中要避免犯的一些错误。

1.由上文“First, wait for a rest.”(首先，等着休息时)可知，当别人正在交谈时，你首先做的是
等待，结合空后“that’s your chance.”(那是你的机会)可知，空处应该是描写等待之后，你需
要做什么能和别人开始交谈，E选项“Then once you have someone’s attention or receive a nonverbal go-ahead”(然后一旦你引起了别人的注意，或者收到了一个非语言的请求)符合语境，引起下文，故选E。

2.由上文“If someone appears distant or lost in thought, moving into their personal space and saying “hello” is hardly a way to start a conversation. Try asking permission (e.g., “Excuse me, do you mind if I ask you something?”) and make sure you have a fully formed question or comment
in mind (e.g., “Are you having a good time?”).”(如果某人看起来离你很远，或者某人正在陷入了沉思，那么进入他的私人空间并说“你好”，这不是开始谈话的方式。

试着征求许可(例如:“对不起，我能问你一些事情吗？”)，确保你脑子里有一个完整的问题或评论(例如，“你玩得开心吗？”))可知，此处描写了开始谈话前，你要有所准备，由此可以推断出，空处应该是描
写你这样做的好处，G选项“I’s all about creating a comfortable opportunity for the other person to respond”(这只是为对方创造一个舒适的回应机会)符合，对上文做出总结，故选G。

3.由上文“If you’re talking to someone new, it’s generally best not to talk about weighty or
of-putting topics.”(如果你和一个陌生人谈话，最好不要谈论有分量的话题)可知，此处指出不要和陌生人谈一些有分量的话题，结合下文“Maybe it’s the music you’re both hearing, or the food you’re both tasting.”(也许是你们都在听的音乐，或者是你们都在品尝的食物)可知，空后指出要谈论简单话题的具体做法，由此可以推断出，空处应该是指出要谈论简单话题，F选项“Aim for something simple that you and the other person can observe together”(以一些简单的，你和其他人都能观察到的东西为目标)符合，引起下文，故选F。

4.分析文章结构可知，每一段前面有一个小标题，描写的是你在社交中可能会犯的一个错误，根据本段内容“Once you’ve made a connection with each other, keep that connection going by making yourself easy to understand. If you speak different languages, for. example, slow your speech and pronounce clearly. If they ask you what you do for work, don’t use a lot of technical expressions.”(一旦你们彼此建立了联系，通过让自己更容易理解来保持这种联系。

如果你说不同的语言。

例如，你要放慢讲话速度，发音清晰。

如果他们问你是做什么工作的，不要用太多专业术语)可知，本段主要讲了在社交中要放慢语速，发音清晰，以及用简单的语言使
别人听懂，所以可以推断出，空处应该是你可能会犯让别人听不懂的错误，A选项“Being hard to follow”(很难让别人听懂)符合，故选A。

5.由上文“It’s often said that people love to talk about themselves, and that asking questions is the secret to good conversations.”(人们常说，人们喜欢谈论自己，提问是良好谈话的秘诀)和下文“Nobody likes to feel interrogated(审问), so if you sense that questions aren’t welcome, back off.”(没人喜欢被审问，所以如果你觉得问问题不受欢迎，那么就别问了)可知，空前内容提出人们常说，提问能使交谈更好进行下去，而空后指出有些人不喜欢一致被提问，所以空前空后是转折关系，由此可以推断出，空处应该是过渡句，描述并不是提问问题适合所有人，C选项“But that’s not true for everyone”(但是，那并不适合所有人)符合，故选C。

22．B23．A24．C25．A26．D27．D28．D29．A30．C31．B32．
C33．B34．A35．B36．D
本文是一篇记叙文。

讲述的是玛蒂娜·波斯特马开了一家维修咖啡馆，免费为需要维修物品的人们提供工具物资等，后来多人效仿之，这样的方式有效地加深了社区间的联系。

22．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：如果你和很多人一样，你可能只是扔掉它们。

A. put放；B. throw扔；C. give给；D. take取。

由后文“it’s difficult to find people who can make repairs”（很难找到懂维修的人）和“it’s easier to____3____buy a new one”（买新的很容易）可知，很多人选择扔掉破损的物品，另买新的。

故选B项。

23．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：一些地区很难找到能修理的人，修理东西可能会很贵。

A. fixing 修理；B. buying购买；C. making制造；D. renting租让。

由“and”可知，“and”前后的内容是并列关系，“and”前面“it’s difficult to find people who can make repairs”（很难找到懂维修的人）说的是不维修的原因，所以“and”的后面的内容讲的也是不维修的原因，即修理东西会很贵。

故选A项。

24．考查副词词义辨析。

句意：此外，一些小物品非常便宜，买新的就容易多了。

A. seldom 很少；B. usually通常；C. just仅仅，正好；D. ever曾经。

根据“Also, some small objects are so inexpensive”（一些小物品也非常便宜）可知，小物品很便宜，损坏后就直接买新的更容易。

故选C项。

25．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：她的解决方法是维修咖啡馆：人们可以将损坏的物品带去这个地方。

A. solution解决办法；B. curiosity好奇心；C. motivation动机；D. result结果。

根据前文“a better way”（更好的方法）可知，此处指波斯特马想到的解决办法。

故选A。

26．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：在那里，他们能找到工具、资源和志愿的维修行家来帮助修理。

A. rooms房间；B. money金钱；C. chances机会；D. resources资源。

根据后文的“help with repairs”可知，有利于维修的是D项“资源”。

故选D项。

27．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：波斯特马的第一家维修咖啡馆于2009年10月18日在阿姆斯特丹开业，取得了巨大成功。

A. luck运气；B. fame名望；C. attempt尝试；D. success成功。

根据后文“News of the café spread”（有关咖啡馆的消息传开了）可知，这个维修咖啡馆开得很成功。

故选D项。

28．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：这家咖啡馆的消息传开了，人们开始问他们怎样才能自己开维修咖啡馆。

A. buy购买；B. find找到；C. make制作；D. start开办。

根据后文“those hoping to begin their own neighborhood repair group”中的提示词begin可知，此处表示“开办”。

故选D项。

29．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：这个非营利组织为那些希望成立自己的社区修复组织的人提供指导。

A. nonprofit非盈利的；B. international国际的；C. cultural文化的；D. civil政府的。

根据后文“Everything is free”可知，这是一个非盈利组织。

故选A项。

30．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：一切都是免费的，但也非常感谢捐赠。

A. responded回应；
B. suggested建议；
C. appreciated感激；
D. refused拒绝。

根据but可知，什么都是免费的，但是如果捐赠的话，也十分感谢。

故选C项。

31．考查动词词义辨析。

句意：咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务，还加强了社区联系。

A. test测试；
B. strengthen加强；
C. affect影响；
D. earn赚取。

由“The cafés not only provide help with repairs”（咖啡馆不仅提供维修服务）及提示词“not only”可知，维修咖啡馆带来了积极影响，而且不只一个方面，所以“also”后面的内容也是维修咖啡馆带来的其他方面的积极影响，也就是加强社区联系，B项“加强”符合题意。

故选B项。

32．考查动词短语辨析。

句意：邻居们在一起合作项目的时候能够互相了解。

A. spy on窥视；B. chat with闲聊；C. get to know认识，了解；D. compete with与……抗争。

根据前文“they also____10____community ties”（维修咖啡馆还加强了社区联系），设空处所在句子讲的是社区联系得到加强的具体表现，即邻里之间相互了解。

故选C项。

33．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：此外，有价值的知识也得以传递和保存。

A. wealth财富；
B. knowledge知识；
C. habit习惯；
D. instruction指示。

根据“passed along and preserved”（传递和保存）可知，B项“知识”与之搭配符合句意。

故选B项。

34．考查形容词词义辨析。

句意：在一次采访中，波斯特马描述了看到人们真正的互相帮助是多么地令人激动。

A. exciting令人激动的；B. tiring令人疲倦的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；
D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。

根据后文“watching people who really want to help one another”（看到人们真心实意互相帮助）可知，波斯特马看到大家真诚地互帮互忙，很是激动。

故选A项。

35．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：波斯特马用下面这番话很好地总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者和接受者。

”A. custom习俗；B. mission使命；C. journey旅行；D. experience 经历。

根据后文“Everyone is a/an____15____and a receiver.”（每个人都是给予者和接受者。

）可知，付出与回报是维修咖啡馆的使命。

故选B项。

36．考查名词词义辨析。

句意：波斯特马用下面这番话很好地总结了维修咖啡馆的使命：“每个人都是给予者和接受者。

”A. host主人；B. owner物主，所有人；C. organizer组织者；D. giver给予者。

结合文意，人们在维修咖啡馆获得维修帮助的同时，也能反过来帮助他人，予以捐赠。

所以“每个人都是给予者和接受者”。

故选D项。

37．that##which38．are expressed##have been
expressed39．a40．and41．adopted42．methods43．agricultural44．to45．to indicate46．diversity
本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了有机农业，有机农业是一种利用环保的方法来控制杂草、害虫和疾病的农业系统。