非谓语动词与状语从句地转化

非谓语动词与状语从句的转化
状语从句是同学们在初中就掌握的内容，笔者现将非谓语动词与状语从句之间转换的规律作一归纳，帮助
大家更好地掌握非谓语动词。

一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。

1.当主、从句的主语一致，主、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，可用现在分词的一般式转换。

如： When they heard the news，they jumped with joy.
Hearing the news， they jumped with joy.当他们听到这则消息时, 高兴得跳了起来。

2.当主、从句的主语一致，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前或从句中谓语动词是完成时，可用现在分词的完成式转换。

如： After he(had ）returned home ，he began to work.
Having returned home ， he began to work. 回到家以后 , 他开始工作。

3.当主、从句主语一致时，由after ，before，since，assoon as等引导的从句可分别用after/before/since/on 加动名词短语转换。

如： Since I saw you last，Ihavebeen ill.
Since seeing you last， Ihavebeen ill.自从我上次见你后, 就一直在生病。

As soon as he heard this，hecouldn ’t help crying.
On hearing this， hecouldn ’t help crying. 他一听到这事 , 不禁哭了起来。

4.当主、从句主语一致时，以when ， while 引导的从句，也可用when /while 加现在分词短语转换。

如While we were walking alongtheriver, weheard someoneshouting.
While walking along the river ，we heard someone shouting. 当我们正沿着河走时,我们听到有人喊叫。

5.当主、从句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时,可用过去分词短语转换。

如:Aftertheyweresenttothezoo, themonkeyshad good health.
Senttothezoo, themonkeyshad good health.这些猴子送到动物园后, 健康状况都很好。

6.当主、从句的主语不一致时，时间状语从句可转换成分词的独立主格结构，即名词 / 主格代词＋分词。

Afterthe meetingwasover ， thestudentswentoutofthehall.
The meeting being over ，the studentswentoutofthe hall.会议结束后,学生们走出了礼堂。

Afterhermother hadpassed away ，shehad totakecareofhersister.
Her mother having passed away，she had to take care ofhersister.她妈妈去世后 , 她只好照顾她妹妹。

二、非谓语动词与原因状语从句间的转换
1.当主、从句的主语一致时，可将原因状语从句转换成现在分词短语。

如： Becauseshewasill， shecouldn ’t gotoschool.
Beingill， shecouldn’t gotoschool. 因为她病了,所以没能去上学。

Ashehad worked amongtheworkers ， heknew them verywell.
Havingworked amongtheworkers ， heknew them verywell.由于他曾在工人中工作过, 因此对他们很了解。

2.当主、从句主语一致，且从句的谓语是被动语态，可用过去分词短语转换。

如：Ashewasborn in Shanghai，heknew thecityverywell.
Born in Shanghai，heknew thecityverywell. 由于他出生于上海, 他对这座城市很熟悉。

3.当主、从句的主语不一致时，可把从句转换成分词的独立主格结构。

如： Because everyone in this city knew the teacher ， we had no trouble in findinghishouse.
Everyone in thiscity knowing the teacher ，we had no trouble in finding hishouse. 因为这座城市的每个人都认识
这位老师 , 所以我们没费事就找到了他的住处。

Asthekeywaslost， shecouldn ’t entertheroom .
Thekeylost， shecouldn ’t entertheroom . 由于丢了钥匙 , 她进不了房间。

4.当从句的谓语动词表示否定时，用分词的否定式转换。

如：Because we didn ’t know his address，we couldn ’t getin touch with him .
Notknowing hisaddress， wecouldn ’t getin touch with him . 因为不知道他的地址,所以没法和他联系。

Ashehadn’t received areply， hedecided towriteanotherlettertoher.
Nothaving received a reply ，he decided to write anotherletterto her.由于没有收到回信, 他决定再给她写一封信。

三、非谓语动词与目的状语从句间的转换
1.以 so that/in orderthat引导目的状语从句，主从句主语一致时，用todo/in ordertodo/soastodo等不定式短语转换。

如：Hegotup earlysothat/in orderthat hecould catch thetrain.
Hegotup early to/in orderto/so asto catch the train. 他起得很早 , 以便赶上那趟火车。

2.用不定式的复合结构forsb.todo 转换。

如：Hestood on therock sothat/in orderthat wecould seehim clearly.
Hestood on therock forustosee him clearly. 他站在岩石上 , 以便我们把他看清楚。

3.当从句是否定句时，用nottodo/in ordernottodo/soasnottodo转换。

如：Hewentout sothat/in orderthat hecouldn ’t cryin public.
Hewentout notto/so asnotto/in ordernotto cry in public. 他为了不在公共场合哭出声, 就出去了。

四、非谓语动词与结果状语从句间的转换
1.结果状语从句以so...that/such + a（ n）+形容词+ 可数名词单数+ that从句或so+形容词+ a（n）+可数名词单数+ that 从句形式出现，that 引导的肯定句可转换为so...astodo 或 enough todo 结构。

如：Heissostronga man/such a strong man that hecan carrythebigstone.
He isso strong asto/strong enough to carry the big stone. 他是个很壮实的人, 他能搬起那块大石头。

2.such + 形容词+ 名词复数或不可数名词+ that 引导的状语从句也可用so...astodo 或 enough todo结构转换。

如：Thesearesuch shortassignmentsthattheycan befinished by me.
The assignmentsaresoshortthattheycan befinished by me.
The assignmentsaresoshortastobefinished by me . Theassignmentsareshortenough tobefinished byme. 作业很少 , 我能做完。

3.当主从句的主语不一致时，可用so...asforsb.to do 或 enough forsb.todo 结构转换。

如：Thegirlspokesoslowlythatwecould understand her.
Thegirlspokesoslowlyasforustounderstand.
Thegirlspokeslowlyenough forustounderstand. 那女孩说得慢 , 我们能听懂她讲的话。

4.当结果状语从句是否定式时，可用too...to do /so...asnotto do / not...enough to do结构转换。

如：Heissuch ayoungboy/soyoungaboythathe can’t gotoschool.
Theboyissoyoungthathe can’t gotoschool.
Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
Theboyissoyoungasnottogotoschool.
Theboyisnotold enough togotoschool.这男孩太小,不能上学。