浙江省杭州市第二中学滨江校区2021年高二上期末试题

浙江省杭州市第二中学滨江校区2021年高二上期末试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Founded in 1764 by French traders, St. Louis today is the fifteenth largest urban area in the United States. There are many attractive destinations for tourists.
American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog
Dog lovers who visit St. Louis won’t want to miss this 14, 000-square-foot museum. Inside are over 500 paintings, prints, watercolors, and a variety of other dog art objects.
The Museum is open year round, Tuesday through Saturday 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. , and Sunday 1 p. m. to 5 p. m. Admission is $15 for adults, $10 for seniors over 65 and students from 13-24, $5 for children under 12. Also active military can get a discount for $10. Anheuser Busch Brewery (啤厂)
The Anheuser Buxch Brewery tour is not just for beer lovers. The tour includes the historic Brew House. Then the tour continues to the modern Bevo Packaging Plant. The best will be the Budweiser Clydesdale stables. The tours are always free.
Gateway Arch
Designed by Eero Sarinen and Hannskari Bandel, it took over two years and 900 tons of stainless steel to build. It is the tallest of the country’s National Monuments. The Arch is part of the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial. About one million people per year come to the top of the Arch, where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city. St. Louis Zoo
First version of the St. Louis Zoo opened in 1904 at the St. Louis World’s Fair, but until now it has grown into one of the chief zoos in the world. The passenger train takes visitors around the Zoo, which contains over 9, 000 animals of over 800 species.
The Zoo is open every day but Christmas and New Year, with summer hours of 8 a. m. to 7 p. m. , winter hours of 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. , and the rest of the year 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. Admission to the Zoo is free; however, there are fees for some attractions, like Sea Lion Show, Zooline Railroad etc.
1．How much should a family pay if parents take two children, 16 years old and 3 years old, to visit American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog?
A．$50.B．$45.C．$40.D．$30.
2．What can we learn from the passage about Gateway Arch?
A．It was completed within two years.
B．President Jefferson was buried there.
C．You can see the city clearly on the top of the Arch.
D．It is the largest of the country’s National Monuments.
3．When can you visit the St. Louis Zoo?
A．On Christmas.B．On New Year’s Day.
C．At 4: 30 p. m. in winter.D．At 4: 30 p. m. in spring.
A young Jewish girl begins a diary just as World War II is about to break out in Europe. She records the details of her daily life. Eventually, the diary comes to a heartbreaking end with the girl shot to death by the Nazis. However, it’s not the story of Anne Frank. This is Renia’s Diary, a journal that spent decades stored away in a safe box. Now it’s coming off the press with the help of Renia’s niece and sister.
For a long time, Elizabeth Bellak didn’t even know that her older sister Renia had kept a diary as a teenager in Poland. She was totally stunned that one day in her 50s, someone brought the diary to her. She began to read, but couldn’t get very far —the task proved too painful. Therefore, she just put it in the basement and didn’t think about it.
Alexandra Renia Bellak, Elizabeth’s daughter, who was named after her aunt, grew up knowing about the locked diary. As getting older, she became more interested in it. “If I could read this diary, maybe I’ll unearth (揭露) some things from the past,” she thought.
Finally, Alexandra got the diary from its hiding place. She turned shocked after reading the first few pages. “It’s the description of a wonderful, intelligent girl who showed great courage in dire circumstances. My aunt’s world comes to life as the diary shifts between the daily concerns of a teenage girl and the war.”
Elizabeth and Alexandra are thrilled that Renia’s diary has been published. “It is a story that needs to be heard now more than ever. We should never repeat the same types of racism (种族主义) and prejudice and hate that lead to active violence,” Alexandra says.
4．Why was Renia’s Diary unknown to the world for so many years?
A．Alexandra was too afraid to read it.
B．It was lost in the war and no one found it.
C．The story is not as famous as Anne Frank’s.
D．Elizabeth was emotionally stricken and hid the diary.
5．What does the underlined word “dire” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Certain.B．Serious.
C．Mysterious.D．Crucial.
6．Why was Alexandra so interested in Renia’s Diary?
A．She was quite interested in World War II.
B．She wanted to comfort her sorrowful mother.
C．She wondered what had happened to her aunt.
D．She planned to publish her aunt’s dairy in the future.
7．What’s the best title of the passage?
A．Renia’s Diary coming off the press.B．Renia’s miserable life and her diary.
C．A girl fighting against the racism and hate.D．The story of a Jewish family in World War II.
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you’ll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child’s day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb (麻木的) to new stimulation (刺激), new ideas. Relearning takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring.
Another block to awareness is the obsession (痴迷) many of us have with naming things.
I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet” and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird.
The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness. I encountered
many hikers who were heading to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them. I asked them what they’d seen. “Oh, just a few birds,” they said.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension (维度) to your life.
8．What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A．To avoid jumping to conclusions.B．To stop complaining all the time.
C．To follow the teacher’s advice.D．To admit mistakes honestly.
9．What does the bird watchers’ behavior show?
A．They are very patient in their observation.
B．They are really fascinated by nature.
C．They only care about the names of birds.
D．They question the accuracy of the field guides.
10．Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A．The natural scenery is not beautiful enough.
B．They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C．The forest is home to a few dangerous birds.
D．They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
11．What does the author intend to tell us through the passage?
A．We should sharpen our senses to feel the wonders of the world.
B．We should face up to the blocks in life on our way to success.
C．We should keep our curiosity and explore different fields in life.
D．We should focus on the views along the way rather than destinations.
The year 2114 will be an eventful one for art. In May of that year in Berlin, the philosopher-artist Jonathon Keats’ “century cameras” — cameras with a 100-year-long exposure (曝光) time — will be brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited. Six months after that, the Future Library in Oslo, Norway, will start to welcome its guests, presenting 100 books printed on the wood of trees planted in the distant past of 2014. As Katie Paterson, the creator of the Future Library, puts it: “Future Library is an artwork for future generations.”
These projects, more than a century in the making, are part of a new wave of “slow art” intended to push viewers and participants to think beyond their own lifetimes. They aim to challenge today’s short-term thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately. In their way, too, they are fighting against modern culture — not just regarding money, but also the way in which artistic worth is measured by attention.
In a similar fashion, every April on Slow Art Day, visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time — a tough task for the average museum visitor, who typically spends less than 30 seconds on each piece of art.
Like the Future Library, the century cameras are very much a project for cities, since it’s in cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest. “Since I started living in a city, I’ve somehow been quite disconnected,” Anne Beate Hovind, the Future Library project manager, who described how working on the library drew her back to the pace of life she knew when she was growing up on a farm in her youth, told The Atlantic magazine. 12．According to the first paragraph, what will happen in 2114?
A．The wood of trees planted in 2014 will be made into books.
B．The Future Library will be open to the public for the first time.
C．A camera which was produced 100 years ago will be exhibited.
D．A book about photos with a 100-year exposure time will come out.
13．What can we learn about today’s people when they admire works of art?
A．They ignore works of modern culture deliberately.
B．They spend only a little time in admiring artworks.
C．They seldom pay attention to the price of artworks.
D．They focus too much on artistic worth of artworks.
14．What is the purpose of the wave of slow art?
A．To preserve works of art for a longer time.
B．To promote works of art for modern culture.
C．To advocate creating works of art more slowly.
D．To encourage people to consider works of art more deliberately.
15．How does Anne Beate Hovind feel about the city life?
A．Convenient.B．Competitive.
C．Efficient.D．Busy.
Are you trying to find ways to be more efficient at your job? If so, please follow these habits of naturally productive people.
They take breaks. 16 Studies show that prolonged (延长) tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. Setting aside a little time here and there to release your focus can significantly help maintain it for longer periods of time.
17 Settle down, super men and women. While it’s fine to pride yourself on your abilities to multitask, it’s in your best interest (and your employer’s) if you stick to one to-do at a time. Somewhere along the lines, our culture has embraced and promoted this idea that the more we can do at once, the better. However, research shows the opposite. 18 They have a full night’s sleep. In school, you may have found that too many students stay up late to finish a paper or study for an exam, but, despite your best efforts, research shows this is not the way to do business. 19 Actually, studies have linked insufficient sleep to decreased levels of productivity, unsatisfactory work performance, and poorer safety outcomes.
20 You know the countless benefits of exercise. It also seriously improves your mood by releasing something to relieve stress’ and increase your brains productivity. Even 30-minute bursts of moderate-to-high physical activity just three to four times a day can go a long way in helping you accomplish your personal and professional goals.
A．They value fitness.
B．Pressing pause is important.
C．They prefer to do more every day.
D．They don’t try to do everything at once.
E．Enough sleep makes great contribution to efficient work.
F．Poor sleep or lack of sleep carries some pretty negative rewards.
G．In fact, the more we do at a time, the less efficient and productive we become.
二、完形填空
Five years ago, my husband and I bought a farm.
As we restore the land, I feel my well-being 21 . I think the farm is also working
its magic on our son. Since he was 20, he has lived with mental illness. Just when it couldn’t get any worse, an unexpected 22 occurred in my life. We 23 the farm.
It has taken a couple of years to 24 the land, seed the lawn and build garden beds. The farm was holding our 25 together. Before my son went to treatment, we planted a “guild” (同一目的协会) in the old farm to support the health of trees by grouping other helpful plants around them. We dug around the 26 trees and placed in garlic, wildflowers, etc and the garden seems to grow well.
We also learned how to 27 others. Our workman worked steadily and helped when I asked. Asking for help is a principle in the recovery community, a lesson my son is 28 . The desire to recover this land has 29 in me. I have seen this 30 towards restoration in my son as well. It truly does take a village to rebuild a farm and a(an) 31 . And my son has found his own kind of guild that 32 him.
Owning a farm was never our 33 , but it came when our family needed a 34 project. Digging is an act of faith, hope and 35 of what will appear next. 21．A．disappearing B．lasting C．returning D．crashing 22．A．song B．light C．shadow D．storm 23．A．secured B．found C．explored D．repaired 24．A．clear B．remove C．shelter D．access 25．A．patients B．friends C．staff D．family 26．A．weaker B．older C．taller D．smaller 27．A．respond to B．appeal to C．concentrate on D．depend on 28．A．preparing B．selecting C．processing D．learning 29．A．grown B．changed C．faded D．remained 30．A．gratitude B．contribution C．responsibility D．drive 31．A．house B．life C．organization D．career 32．A．supports B．impresses C．recognizes D．persuades 33．A．destination B．plan C．adventure D．belief 34．A．familiar B．flexible C．meaningful D．tough 35．A．prediction B．admiration C．expectation D．evaluation
三、语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a new study, the world population 36 (decline) for the first time in the next century.
The world population is currently estimated at 7.8 billion. The 37 (globe) population could possibly peak at around 9.7 billion in 2064. Then it will fall to 8.79 billion in 2100. Due to low birth rates and aging populations, up to 23 countries, including Japan, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and others might see their populations fall by over 50%. China will see its drop 38 1.4 billion in 2017 to 732 million in 2100. But it also predicted some regions would witness 39 increase in population like North Africa and the Middle East.
Lead study Professor Stein, told the press, “The last time that world population declined was in the mid-14th century, 40 (result) from the Black Plague (黑死病) . 41 our forecast is correct, it will be the first time that population decrease 42 (drive) by fertility (生育) decline, as opposed to events such as a pandemic or famine (饥荒).”
The fertility rate is the average number of 43 (child) a woman has over her lifetime. “It is likely 44 (drop) steadily, from 2.37 in 2017 to 1.66 in 2100, 45 is greatly below the minimum rate (2.1 live births per woman) necessary to maintain population levels,” he added.
四、书面表达
46．假如你是高中生李华，即将参加主题为“The person I admire most”的英语演讲比赛，介绍一位在你人生中，对你影响颇深的人。

请你写一份演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 人物简介；
2. 对你的影响；
3. 表达感谢。

注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Good afternoon, everyone,
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___
Thank you.
47．阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。

Caleb slipped his hand into mine as we stood on the bottom step of the staircase, watching the road. He was afraid. “Will she be nice?” asked the five-year-old softly, “will she sing, like mama did?” “She will.” I confirmed. But even papa didn’t sing anymore since mama died years ago. “Anna,” Caleb said, his voice low, “if you remember her songs, then I might remember her, too.” My eyes widened and tears came.
Sarah arrived that afternoon, tall and plain, wearing a bright yellow bonnet(软帽). She took Caleb’s hand, then mine, giving us some beautiful seashells. “Now we have some sea here.” she grinned. Then we walked through green grass fields that bloomed with India paint bush, red and orange, to home.
Sarah came from Maine, a faraway place by the sea, while we have vast plains and violent storm here. Sarah’s stew was tasty. She brushed my hair and tied it up with a rose ribbon. We picked flowers, hanging them from the ceiling in little bunches. “I’ve never seen this before,” said Sarah. “What is it called?” “Bride’s(新娘)bonnet,” I told her. Caleb smiled at the name.
The days grew longer. Papa taught Sarah how to ride his horse and drive his wagon(马车). When the housework was done, we sat in the meadow with Sarah, watching papa finish his job. His eyes shone when he smiled at her.
Sarah sang a song we had never heard, it was about the sea, blue and gray and green. “There are always things to miss, no matter where you are.” She smiled a sad smile, and then held us in arms. She promised to teach us how to sing and to paint the sea with real colored pencils.
“Will she leave us or stay and be our new mom?” Caleb secretly asked me, “I could be sick and make her stay.” I shook my head, upset with Caleb’s question, tears gathering at the corners of my eyes. But there was no time to cry, for suddenly papa called out from the barn “Caleb! Anna! Get inside!”
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:
Looking up, we saw a huge cloud, horribly black, moving towards us over the north fields. “A storm!”
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
Paragraph 2:
The next morning, we awoke to find Dad and Sarah out, thus feeling a bit worried.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ _________________________
参考答案：
1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。

文章主要介绍了St. Louis四个著名的旅游景点的风格、开放时间以及入场费等信息。

1．细节理解题。

根据American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog部分的“Admission is $15 for adults, $10 for seniors over 65 and students from 13-24, $5 for children under 12.(门票：成人15美元，65岁以上老人和13-24岁学生10美元，12岁以下儿童5美元。

)”可知，如果父母带着16岁和3岁的两个孩子去参观American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog，一个家庭应该付的钱是15*2+$10+$5=$45，故选B。

2．细节理解题。

根据Gateway Arch部分的“About one million people per year come to the top of the Arch, where there is an observation platform providing a great view of the city.(每年大约有一百万人来到拱门的顶部，那里有一个观景台，可以看到城市的美景。

)”可知，在Arch顶上你可以清楚地看到这座城市。

故选C。

3．细节理解题。

根据St. Louis Zoo部分的“The Zoo is open every day but Christmas and New Year, with summer hours of 8 a. m. to 7 p. m. , winter hours of 9 a. m. to 4 p. m. , and the rest of the year 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.(除了圣诞节和新年，动物园每天都开放，夏季时间为上午8点至下午7点，冬季时间为上午9点至下午4点，其余时间为上午9点至下午5点。

)”可知，春天的下午4:30可以参观St. Louis Zoo，故选D。

4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。

文章主要讲述二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节，这本日记在这个女孩妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会被出版，为大家所周知。

4．细节理解题。

根据第二段“She began to read, but couldn’t get very far —the task proved too painful. Therefore, she just put it in the basement and didn’t think about it.(她开始读，但读不了多远——事实证明这项任务太痛苦了。

因此，她只是把它放在地下室，没有考虑它。

)”可知，Renia的日记这么多年来不为世人所知是因为伊丽莎白情绪激动，把日记藏了起来。

故选D。

5．词句猜测题。

根据第一段“A young Jewish girl begins a diary just as World War II is about to break out in Europe. She records the details of her daily life. Eventually, the diary comes to a heartbreaking end with the girl shot to death by the Nazis.(就在第二次世界大战即将在欧洲爆发
之际，一个年轻的犹太女孩开始写日记。

她记录下她日常生活的细节。

最终，日记以一个令人心碎的结局告终，女孩被纳粹枪杀。

)”和倒数第二段“It’s the description of a wonderful, intelligent girl who showed great courage(这是对一个出色的、聪明的、表现出巨大勇气的女孩的描述)”可知，日记里描述的是战争时候的情况，女孩最终被纳粹杀了，可见当时的情况是很严重的，划线词dire的意思是“严重的”，和serious意思相近，故选B。

6．推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段“As getting older, she became more interested in it. “If I could read this diary, maybe I’ll unearth (揭露) some things from the past,” she thought.(随着年龄的增长，她对它越来越感兴趣。

“如果我能读到这本日记，也许我能发现一些过去的事情，”她想。

)”可知，Alexandra对Renia的日记如此感兴趣是因为她想知道发生在她姨妈身上的事情，故选C。

7．主旨大意题。

根据第一段“This is Renia’s Diary, a journal that spent decades stored away in a safe box. Now it’s coming off the press with the help of Renia’s niece and sister.(这是Renia的日记，一本在保险箱里保存了几十年的日记。

现在，在Renia的外甥女和妹妹的帮助下，这本书即将出版。

)”可知，本文主要讲的是二战时期一个女孩的日记，日记记载了女孩生活的细节，这本日记在这个女孩妹妹和外甥女的帮助下将会被出版，为大家所周知，因此最好的标题是A选项“Renia’s Diary coming off the press.(Renia的日记即将出版。

)”。

故选A。

8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A
【导语】本文属于议论文。

作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界的美好。

8．推理判断题。

根据第三段“The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring.(唤醒感官的第一步是在它发生之前停止预测我们将要看到和感受到的东西。

这阻碍了意识。

一个寒冷的夜晚，我和一些学生在落基山脉徒步旅行，我提到我们要过一条山间溪流。

学生们开始抱怨天气会有多冷。

我们到了小溪边，他们不情愿地走在前面。

当水没过膝盖时，他们才意识到这是一个温泉。

)”可知，作者通过讲述带领学生们在冬天趟过落基山脉温泉溪流的故事，告诫我们“在事情发生之前，不要预测我们将要看到和感觉到的事情”，即
要避免妄下结论。

故选A项。

9．细节理解题。

根据第四段“Another block to awareness is the obsession (痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a “ruby-crowned kinglet” and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird.(意识的另一个障碍是我们许多人对命名事物的痴迷。

我看到观鸟者发现了一只鸟，立即在野外指南中查找，说，是一只“红宝石冠的小金莺”，然后核对了一下。

之后他们就不再注意那只鸟了。

)”可知，观鸟者的行为说明他们只关心鸟的名字。

故选C项。

10．细节理解题。

根据第五段中“The pressures of “time” and “destination” are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were heading to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what’s around them.(“时间”和“目的地”的压力进一步阻碍了感知能力。

我遇到了许多徒步旅行者，他们正前往一个遥远的营地，只有足够的时间在天黑前到达那里。

他们很少想到出去转转，花点时间看看周围的东西。

)”可知，徒步旅行者在旅途中不会关注周围的环境，是因为他们需要集中精力及时赶到营地。

故选B项。

11．推理判断题。

根据最后一段“Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension (维度) to your life.(大自然似乎向观察和等待的人展现。

下次你散步的时候，不管在哪里，把所有的景象、声音和感觉都吸收进去。

徜徉在这样的心境中，你将为你的生活打开一个新的维度。

)”作者的建议可知，通过这篇文章，作者想表达的是：我们应该提升我们的感受能力，去感受世界的奇妙。

故选A项。

12．B 13．B 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。

文章通过列举2114年的一些艺术活动，介绍旨在于鼓励人们更多地关注艺术作品的慢速艺术。

12．细节理解题。

根据第一段“The year 2114 will be an eventful one for art. In May of that year in Berlin, the philosopher-artist Jonathon Keats’ “century cameras”— cameras with a 100-year-long exposure(曝光) time— will be brought back from hiding places around the city to have their results developed and exhibited. Six months after that, the Future Library in Oslo, Norway, will start to welcome its guests, presenting 100 books printed on the wood of trees planted in the distant past of 2014. (2114年对艺术来说将是不平凡的一年。

同年5月，在柏林，哲学家兼艺
术家Jonathon Keats的‘世纪相机’—— 曝光时间长达100年的相机——将从城市的各个隐蔽之处被带回来，进行拍摄和展出。

六个月后，挪威奥斯陆的未来图书馆将开始欢迎它的客人，展示100本印在遥远的2014年种植的树木上的书。

)”可知，曝光时间为100年的照片将被冲洗出来并展出，未来图书馆将首次向公众开放，并将展出用2014年种植的树木的木材印刷的书籍。

故选B。

13．推理判断题。

根据第二段中“They aim to challenge today’s short-term thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately. In their way, too, they are fighting against modern culture — not just regarding money, but also the way in which artistic worth is measured by attention.(他们的目标是挑战当今的短期思维和现代消费者的短暂注意力，迫使人们更慎重地考虑作品。

他们也在用自己的方式与现代文化作斗争——不仅仅是在金钱方面，还包括用关注来衡量艺术价值的方式。

)”可知，“慢艺术”挑战当今的短期思维和现代消费者的短暂注意力，让人们更慎重地考虑作品，与现代文化中的金钱与衡量艺术价值的方式作斗争；结合第三段中“In a similar fashion, every April on Slow Art Day, visitors are encouraged to stare at five works of art for 10 minutes at a time — a tough task for the average museum visitor, who typically spends less than 30 seconds on each piece of art.(每年4月的慢艺术日也以类似的方式，鼓励参观者一次花10分钟时间盯着5件艺术品看——这对一般的博物馆参观者来说是一项艰巨的任务，他们通常在每件艺术品上花不到30秒的时间。

)”可推知，现代人在欣赏艺术时花费的时间很少。

故选B。

14．细节理解题。

根据第二段中“These projects, more than a century in the making, are part of a new wave of “slow art” intended to push viewers and participants to think beyond their own lifetimes. They aim to challenge today’s short-term thinking and the brief attention spans of modern consumers, forcing people into considering works more deliberately. (这些项目历时一个多世纪，是新一波‘慢艺术’的一部分，旨在推动观众和参与者超越自己的一生进行思考。

他们的目标是挑战当今的短期思维和现代消费者的短暂注意力，迫使人们更慎重地考虑作品。

)”可知，慢艺术旨在挑战现代消费者的短期思维和短暂的注意力，迫使人们更慎重地考虑作品，鼓励人们更多地关注艺术作品。

故选D。

15．推理判断题。

根据最后一段中“Like the Future Library, the century cameras are very much a project for cities, since it’s in cities that time runs fastest and the pace of life is fastest. “Since I started living in a city, I’ve somehow been quite disconnected,” Anne Beate Hovind, the Future Library project manager, who described how working on the library drew her back to the pace of
life she knew when she was growing up on a farm in her youth, told The Atlantic magazine.(就像未来图书馆一样，世纪相机在很大程度上是一个城市项目，因为在城市里，时间流逝得最快，生活节奏也最快。

‘自从我开始住在城市里，我就有点与世隔绝了，’未来图书馆项目经理Anne Beate Hovind在接受《大西洋月刊》杂志采访时描述了图书馆的工作是如何把她拉回到她年轻时在农场长大时所熟悉的生活节奏。

)”可知，Anne Beate Hovind认为在城市里时间流逝得最快，生活节奏也最快；由此可知，Anne Beate Hovind认为城市生活是忙碌的。

故选D。

16．B 17．D 18．G 19．F 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了提高工作效率的几个习惯。

16．下文“Studies show that prolonged (延长) tasks that require high levels of focus, energy, and attention can cause you to become less productive and focused over time. Take brief mental breaks. Setting aside a little time here and there to release your focus can significantly help maintain it for longer periods of time.(研究表明，需要高度专注、精力和注意力的长时间任务会导致你的效率和注意力随着时间的推移而降低。

短暂的精神休息。

在这里或那里留出一点时间来释放你的注意力，可以显著地帮助你长时间保持注意力。

)”详细说明休息的重要性，是对B项“Pressing pause is important.(按暂停键很重要。

)”的具体阐述，句中“Pressing pause”照应段首主题句中“take breaks”，上下文语意连贯。

故选B项。

17．设空句是段首主题句。

根据下文“Settle down, super men and women. While it’s fine to pride yourself on your abilities to multitask, it’s in your best interest (and your employer’s) if you stick to one to-do at a time. Somewhere along the lines, our culture has embraced and promoted this idea that the more we can do at once, the better. However, research shows the opposite.(冷静点，超级男人和女人。

虽然为自己的多任务处理能力感到自豪是件好事，但如果你一次只做一件事，这对你(和你的雇主)最有利。

从某种程度上说，我们的文化已经接受并提倡了这样一种观念：我们一次能做的越多越好。

然而，研究表明情况恰恰相反。

)”可知，本段建议不要一次做很多的事情。

所以D项“They don’t try to do everything at once.(他们不会试图一次做所有的事情。

)”是最佳主题句。

故选D项。

18．上文“Somewhere along the lines, our culture has embraced and promoted this idea that the more we can do at once, the better. However, research shows the opposite.(从某种程度上说，我们的文化已经接受并提倡了这样一种观念：我们一次能做的越多越好。

然而，研究表明情况恰。