话题8 人际关系(Interpersonal relationships)

话题8 人际关系（Interpersonal relationships）
作者：李锦胜
来源：《广东教育·高中》2015年第12期
一、命题预测
人际关系包括师生关系、父子关系、同学关系、朋友关系等。

命题人可能要求考生写一封道歉信、感谢信、求助信、表扬信、安慰信，或就感恩、宽容、包容、微笑，以及如何处理人际关系或解决矛盾等写一篇发言稿或一封信，表达自己的观点。

以下几个具体话题值得关注：
1. 有的同学抱怨父母的期望高、作业多、压力太大，或对生活中的其他方面感到不满，请写一篇短文，准备在“我们应该抱怨生活吗”的主题班会上发表你的看法。

2. 假如你是李华，一年前你随父母迁移到某地并进入一所当地高中就读，由于不懂当地的方言，学习、生活很不顺心，请你向某中学英文报写一封求助信。

3. 写一篇短文，参加“增进父母与孩子之间的理解，构建和谐家庭”的演讲比赛。

4. 假如你是李华，你和朋友因为一件小事发生争吵，经过几天冷静思考，觉得不应该因为一件小事而失去一个好朋友，于是决定写一封道歉信。

5. 描写你和你的同学是怎样建立起友好关系的。

二、常用短语
1. quarrel with kids和孩子争吵
2. show respect for sb.尊重某人
3. calm down first先冷静下来
4. come to a compromise作出妥协
5. narrow the generation gap缩短代沟
6. parents’ unconditional love父母无私的爱
7. maintain contact with sb.与某人保持联络
8. be patient and considerate 要有耐心和体贴
9. listen to one’s inner voice倾听他人内心心声
10. receive assistance from friends获得友人的帮助
11. accept the opinions of others接受别人的意见
12. get understanding of each other互相增进了解
13. help sb. go through the hardship帮助某人度过难关
14. how to avoid arguments with others怎样避免跟人争吵
15. have a face-to-face talk with sb.和某人进行面对面交谈
16. show one’s gratitude to sb. for sth.向某人表达感激
17. have a sincere communication with sb. 和某人进行真诚的交流
18. develop harmonious interpersonal relationship建立融洽的人际关系
三、套用句式
1. When coming across challenges in our study and our daily life， we can share our opinions and experience with our friends to overcome difficulties. 当我们在学习和生活中遇到挑战的时候，我们可以和朋友分享克服困难的观点和经验。

2. As a friend， he / she should help me to through the hardship when I am in trouble. 当我有麻烦时，作为朋友，他/她应该帮助我度过难关。

3. We should encourage our friends to solve the problems independently instead of blaming them.我们应该鼓励我们的朋友独立地去克服困难而不是责备他们。

4. Sometimes a misunderstanding occurs between friends unavoidably. 有时朋友之间难免会有误会。

5. We must calm down first no matter what happened. 无论发生什么事情，我们必须先冷静下来。

6. We had better have a sincere communication with each other. 我们彼此最好进行真诚的交流。

7. We are supposed to listen attentively to each other’s inner voice. 我们应该专心倾听彼此的内在心声。

8. We should take effective measures to narrow the generation gap and come to a compromise.我们应采取有效的方法缩小代沟和作出妥协。

四、习作修改（做短文改错，背经典范文）
Dear Jerry，
I’m sorry to hear that you are getting on badly with your teacher. In your last letter you told me what had happened between us two. In a class meeting，you didn’t agre e with him about something，but he thought you don’t respect him，so he scolded you in the front of the whole class. You felt very sadly.
I think there may be several reasons why your teacher is angry. First， you are so naughty that you have caused him many trouble. Besides，maybe the way which you raised the opinion was not so proper. So you should offer to have a talk after class with your teacher when you both calm down. Furthermore，write a message to him is also a good way. Last but not least，please behave yourself in future but make a good impression.
Hope that my advices will be of a little help.
Yours，
Li Hua
五、课堂练习
假如你是李华，下面是一封你的英国笔友Alice给你发来的E-mail。

Dear Li Hua，
I’m afraid I’ve got a big problem recently. My mother talks too much to me. She always tells me，“Be careful while crossing the street.”“Put on more clothes.”“Did you do a good job at school？” and so on. I’m annoyed. What’s worse，I have trouble in getting well with my mother because of a generation gap. She is very eager to pass on her values and interests to me，which is unbearable for me.
What shall I do？ I need your help.
Yours，
Alice
请你根据E-mail 的内容给Alice写一封回信，与她交流看法。

内容包括：
1. 表示理解并给予安慰。

2. 提出建议并说明理由。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头语已为你写好。

Dear Peter，
I’m sorry to hear that you are having a bad time at the moment...
…
I hope what I say here will be helpful to you.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
[写作指导]
1. 审题。

（1）体裁：写一封建议信；（2）题材：母亲的唠叨；（3）时态：以一般现在时为主；（4）人称：以第一人称和第二人称为主。

2. 分段。

一个大要点写成一个自然段。

开头段：问候 / 自我介绍 / 写信背景 / 写信目的。

中间段：具体要点具体展开。

结尾段：补充说明 / 客套话（如我希望/我相信/感谢你/请回信等）。

3. 内容。

（1）建立良好的人际关系，有share，help，encourage三个核心动词，可简称为SHE；（2）发生分歧矛盾时，须牢记calm down（冷静），talk（交流沟通），listen（倾听心声）三个核心动词，可简记为TCL。

六、课外作业
假设你校将举办一次英文演讲比赛，题目为“How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”。

请结合以下要点，写一篇英文演讲稿：
1. 如何建立良好的友谊关系（列举三条建议）。

2. 朋友间出现分歧如何解决。

注意：1. 词数100左右。

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

3. 开头语已为你写好。

How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship
Good afternoon，everyone！
The topic of my speech today is “How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”.
…
Thank you for your listening！
参考答案与范文
四、习作修改
作者的朋友在一节班会课上与老师发生不愉快的事，作者写信给予安慰与建议。

1. us→you 指代不一致，此处为“你们”。

2. don’t→didn’t 一般过去时助动词是did。

3. 删掉in the front中的the因in the front of为内部的前面。

4. sadly→sad 系动词后用形容词做表语。

5. is→was 时态不一致，“老师生气”发生在过去。

6. many→much 因trouble为不可数名词，要用much修饰。

7. 在the way后加in 因定语从句缺状语用“介词+关系代词”引导。

8. write→writing 动名词做主语。

9. but→and 此处为并列关系。

10. advices→advice 不可数名词，没有复数。

五、课堂练习
Dear Peter，
I’m sorry to hear that you are having a bad time at the moment. I can understand how you feel. As a teenager，I met the same problem as you. But now I can get along better with my mother. Here are some ideas for you.
Even though a generation gap does exist between you and your mother，you still can do something to build a good relationship with her. First of all， you should calm down first and show respect for her no matter what she said. In most cases， what she says does make sense. Secondly，try to have a face-to-face talk and sincere communication with each other，which can get a better understanding of each other. Last but not least，listen attentively to e ach other’s inner voice，and even take effective measures to narrow the generation gap.
I hope what I say here will be helpful to you.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
六、课外作业
How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship
Good afternoon，everyone！
The topic of my speech today is“How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”.
It goes without saying that friendship is of great significance to each of us. Without friendship，our life will be like a wild desert. So we should keep the following tips in mind when we get along with our friends. First of all，when coming across challenges，we can share our experience with our friends to overcome difficulties. Additionally，as friends，we should help each other go through the hardship when in trouble. Finally，we should encourage our friends to solve the problems independently instead of blaming them.
Sometimes a misunderstanding occurs between friends unavoidably. Firstly，we must calm down first no matter what happens. Moreover，we’d better have a face-to-face talk with each other. Last but not least，we are supposed to listen attentively to each other’s inner voice.
Thank you for your listening！
（作者单位：广东汕头市潮南区晓升中学）
责任编辑蒋小青。