广州版英语初三上 U3 Health and food 教案与讲义

U3 Heathy and food
一．学科特色：
1、主语
主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词.代词.数词.动名词.动词不定式等充当。

He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。

（在这句中“He”为代词，充当句子主语）
2、谓语
谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征.行为。

一般可分为两类：
1)简单谓语
由动词(或短语动词)构成。

可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。

We study for the people.我们为人民学习。

2)复合谓语：情态动词+不定式
I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。

My elder sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。

3、宾语
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，动名词，数词，动词不定式等。

We like English.我们喜欢英语。

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。

简称双宾语
He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。

如：
We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。

二．回顾测评：
Dear Sir,
I am writing to you about my stay at your hotel. My wife and I arrived on Saturday, 15th May and stayed for a week. Though we were treated well and found the service excellent, we think there are one or two matters we should bring your attention.
1. We had hoped for a nice holiday from our busy work lives, and your advertisement said “comfortable and quiet”. We want to have a chance to enjoy ourselves. Howe ver, we were always waken up by the noise every morning. Is it really necessary for the workers to start their repair work so early?
2. We had hoped to swim in your “wonderful pool”. To our disappointment(失望), we found that it was closed for the whole time of our stay.
I hope you do not mind my writing to you about these things, but I would be happy if you could give me some explanation. As I said at the start, it is a pity, and your service is so good in other fields.
I hope to hear from you soon.
Yours sincerely
Mr Hector Bradley
（）1. Whom is Mr Hector Bradley probably writing this letter to?
A. His friend.
B. The owner of a hotel.
C. An editor.
D. His father.
（）2. When did they get to the hotel?
A. On 15th May.
B. Three days ago.
C. Last year.
D. On a cold winter morning.
（）3. What‟s the main idea of the second paragraph (段落)?
A. The hotel was very comfortable and quiet.
B. The workers in the hotel were very hard-working.
C. He thought the hotel hadn‟t provided them a quiet place.
D. The service in the hotel was very excellent.
（）4. What did Mr Bradley think about the swimming pool?
A. He felt disappointed because the swimming pool was closed for the whole time of their stay.
B. He felt disappointed because the swimming poop was too small.
C. He felt pleased with it because he had a good time there.
D. He found it really wonderful, just like what was said in the advertisement.
（）5. What kind of letter is it?
A. An invitation letter.
B. A thank-you letter.
C. A recommendation letter
D. A complaint letter.
三．内容呈现：
1.教学重点：能熟练地掌握重点的短语和单词。

2.教学难点：1）特殊疑问句作宾语从句。

2）形容词+ that 从句
3.教学内容：
(1)课内知识：
一、重点短语
Reading A
1.you see 你知道，你明白
2.feel sorry for…为…感到遗憾/同情
3.feel sorry for sb about sth. 因某事对某人感到抱歉或遗憾
4.be influenced by…受…影响
5.have a … influence on sb. 对…有影响
6.instead of 代替，而不是
7.lose one‟s appetite for..对…失去胃口/兴趣
8.because of sth因为
9.get ill 生病
10.change the topic 改变话题
11.hear about 听说
12.give up 放弃
13.in short 简而言之，简单来说
Reading B
14. a balanced diet均衡的饮食
15.many forms of cancer 很多种癌症
16.be bad for 对…… 有害
17.the best source of energy能量的最好来源
18.agree on 对……意见一致；达成共识
19.agree with sb. 同意某人的意见
20.agree to sth.(如：plan, suggestion)同意某事
21.agree to do sth. 同意做某事
22.on the other hand 另一方面
23.be likely to do sth 有可能做某事
24.increase the risk of… 增加……的风险
25.scientific information 科学信息
26.decide on sth 决定；选定
27.decide to do sth 决定做某事
28.some…others… 有的…有的…
29.mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
30.mean to do. 打算做某事
31.take / run a risk 冒险
L~W
32.the recommended daily amount 建议日常用量
33.health problem 健康问题
34.put on weight 增加体重
35.lead/live a … life过着…的生活
36.the easiest choice 最简单的选择
37.be high in…含量高，富含…
38.be described as被描述为…，被称为…
39.be covered with被…覆盖
40.instead of 代替
41.far healthier 要健康得多
42.scoop out 用勺挖出
43.cut up 切碎
MP
44.refer to 指的是…，指…而言
45.hold up 支撑起
46.be used to do 被用于做某事
ed to do 过去常常做某事
48.be useful for 对…有用
49.make the best use of充分利用
50.scientific research 科学研究
51.make profits 收益，盈利
52.change one‟s attitude(s) towards…改变某人对某物的看法/态度
53.bring benefits to 给…带来收益
54.regard… as…把…视作
55.be amazed to do对做某事感到惊讶
56.as you can see 正如你所看到的
57.the cost of living生活消费
e down 下降
二、单词精讲
1、How does that sound to you? = What do you think of that? 你觉得怎么样？sound 听起来
sound to sb 某人觉得……；sound like 听起来像
* 感官动词: feel, look, sound, taste, smell, 后面加形容词。

Feel happy, look happy, sound good, taste decilious,
2、remain
1）保持（状态），继续，仍处于
Hours passed, he still remind silent. 几个小时过去了，他仍然保持沉默。

2）停留
She was too ill to remind at home. 她病得很重，不能留在家里。

3）继续存在，剩余，遗留
Of her three sons only one now remains, the rest were killed in the battle. 她的三个儿子，现在只剩下一个还活着，其余的都战死沙场。

3、appetite 胃口，食欲
lose my appetite for sth 失去对……的胃口
I‟ll never lose my appetite for meat. 我不会对肉类没胃口。

Exercise gives one a good appetite. 运动能增进食欲。

4、besides
1）除了……之外，又
People choose jobs for other reasons besides money. 人们在择业时除了考虑钱，还考虑其他因素。

2）而且，还有
I don‟t like this kind of cloth , beside, it costs too much. 我不喜欢这种布，而且这种布也太贵了。

*besides与except的区别
besides:(prep.) 除...之外“除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。

它这个"除"是包含的
Besides Tom,Mary went boating.
(Tom和Mary都去boating)
Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗?
except
except:(prep.)除了...之外
后面的范围比主语的范围小,除去的和非除去的是同类事物，用except
We went boating except Tom
(Tom属于"我们(We)"但不没有went boating,但是Tom和We都是人)
常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all, everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。

They all went to the Summer Palace except one. 除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。

注意：besides可以单独使用，except不行。

We all went to the cinema except Mary. 除了玛丽，我们都去看电影。

I met some friends, and other people besides. 我遇见了几个朋友，还有别的人。

5、common adj
1）公用的，共同的，共有的
Peter and I have a common interest in football.
2）平常的，常见的
This sort of weather is quite common. 这种天气很常见。

6、agree 同意v
agree with sb 同意某人（的观点）
agree on / about sth (就某方面）达成共识
agree to do 同意去做某事
Do you agree on the plan？你们就那个计划达成共识了吗？
7、mean 意思是，意指；v
My new job will mean staying up often. 我的新工作讲意味着经常熬夜。

8、various 各种各样的；不同的；种种的
He dicided to leave school for various reasons. 因为种种原因，他决定退学。

* various 和different
这两个词都有“各种各样的，不同的”意思。

区别在于：various侧重指彼此不同且种类繁多，强调“异”而“多”，其后接复数名词；different强调“不同”，其后可接单数名词。

He gave various reasons ( = a number of different reasons）for being late. 他为了自己的迟到列了种种原因。

This time he found a different reason（= not the same as last time‟s) for his being late.
这次他为了自己的迟到找了个不同的理由。

9、likely 有希望的adj
It‟s likely that he won‟t come. 他很可能不会来了。

*Likely，probable，possible的区分
1）likely 侧重于“表面来看，颇有可能”，常指从表面迹象判断，与probable较接近；
2）probable 用来指有根据、合情理、值得相信的事，带有“很可能”的意味。

Likely与probable有时可互换。

3）possible 强调客观上的可能性，但常常有“实际上可能性很小”的暗示。

注：这三个词均可用于“It is …that …”结构，
但是“be + 形容词+ to do ”结构中只能用于likely 结构中。

He is likely to be in Shanghai this week. 这个星期他可能在上海。

It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think. 花费很可能比我们预料的要大。

It‟s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms. 他有可能接受这些条件，虽然希望不大
It‟s likely/ probable that we shall meet with some opposition. 我们多半会遇到一些阻力。

10、chioce 选择n
choose 选择v
It‟s raining hard. You have no choice but to wait here.
在下着大雨，你别无选择，只能在这里等了。

11、extra 额外的adj ；特别地adv
Do we have extra work today? 今天我们有额外的工作吗？
He was extra glad to see us. 他见到我们特别高兴。

12、pronounce 发音，读音v pronounciation 发音n
How do you pronounce your mane? 你的名字怎么读？
Do you know the correct pronounciation of this word? 你知道这个词的正确发音吗？
13、feed 喂养，给……食物
We feed cows with grass. 我们用草喂牛。

14、backward adj 后方的adv 进步缓慢的，资质不高的
She went without a backward child. 她头也不回的地走了。

He said that Tom was a backward child child. 他说汤姆是个资质不高的孩子。

15、exciting: adj.令人兴奋的, 使人激动的（主语是物或事）
e.g. This movie is so exciting.
这部电影真让人兴奋、激动。

excited:adj.兴奋的：处于激动状态的；兴奋的；激昂的（主语为人较多）
e.g. she's so excited about the upcoming holiday.
对于即将来到的假日，她兴奋不已。

三、宾语从句
一）基本句型回顾
1.概念：作宾语的可以是词或短语，也可以是句子。

在句中作宾语的句子叫宾语从句。

2.连词：宾语从句一般要通过特定的连词将其与主句连接起来。

不同的宾语从句用不同的连词。

如：从句时陈述句时，连词用that；
I‟m glad that I passed the final exam.
从句时一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，连词用if或whether；
从句时特殊疑问句时，连词用该特殊疑问句开头的疑问词。

I don‟t know how to answer the question.
3.时态
（1）若主句是一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况使用任何时态。

（2）如果主句是过去时，一般情况下，从句也要用过去性的相应时态。

My father was surprised that he received a letter from the police.
（3）当宾语从句表示的是科学真理，客观事实，格言，延宇等，从句的时态不受主语限制，始终用一般现在时。

二）特殊疑问句作宾语从句
1.宾语从句的连词
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，从句的连词由该特殊疑问句的疑问词充当。

特殊疑问句的疑问词通常有疑问代词what, which, who, whose和疑问副词where, when, why, how等。

2.宾语从句的语序
特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，不管主句陈述句还是疑问句，从句都是用“连词+陈述句”的语序，句末是否用问号由主句确定。

主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。

二、形容词+ that从句
有些形容词后面可以跟一个that引导的从句，以作补充说明。

能这样使用的形容词有：sure, certain, confident, sorry ,afraid, surprised, sad, disappointed, happy, glad, delighted, aware等。

(2)初考题/中考题/高考题链接：
Reading A
一、单词拼写
1. I like eating tomato and cheese pizza with _____________(香肠).
2. The ___________(药) is only for adults but not for children .
3. The harmful things still ____________(遗留) in vegetables .
4. The quality is good . ______________(而且) ，the price is reasonable .
5. A ______________ (均衡的) diet is good for our health .
二、选词填空
ought to stay healthy feel sorry for by the way
sound horrible influenced by besides instead of
1. I ______________________ the words I don‟t mean it .
2. The traffic accident you just told me _______________________.
3. Children are easily ______________________ their parents .
4. You …d better have a balanced diet if you want to ________________________ .
5. _______________________, what will we have for dinner except vegetables .
6. I really ___________________ eat less . I‟m too fat now .
7. We should eat more vegetables ____________________ much meat . Meat is not so healthy.
8. My father can speak Japanese __________________ English .
三、单项选择
( )1. --- Her grandfather died yesterday . How does it sound to you ?
--- That sounds _________.
A. horribly
B. horrible
C. happy
D. happily
( )2. Parents spend their whole life ______ their children .
A. to care about
B. care about
C. caring about
D. on caring about
( )3. The quality of our body is __________ our daily diet.
A. influenced from
B. influenced
C. influence by
D. influenced by
( )4. I really feel sorry for _______ I treated you just now .
A. how
B. where
C. what
D. who
( )5. Girls often eat less to _________.
A. slimly
B. strongly
C. strong
D. slim
四、完成句子
1. 听到这个令人毛骨悚然的消息后，我对肉失去了胃口。

Hearing the horrible news , I _________ _________ _________ __________ meat .
2. 当我遇到困难时，我总是不知道该如何保持冷静。

I don‟t know ____________ ___________ remain calm when I am in trouble .
3. 均衡的饮食是身体健康的关键。

A ____________ _____________ is the key to our health .
4. 为了保持健康，妈妈经常劝爸爸戒烟。

In order to stay healthy, my mother often ___________ my father _____ ________ _____ smoking .
5. 简而言之，吃太多的快餐不利于你的健康。

_________ __________ , eating too much fast food is not good for your health .
6. 我同学的腿受伤了，我只好代替他参加跑步比赛。

My classmate hurt his leg ,so I have to take part in the race ____________ __________ him .
Reading B
一、单词拼写
1. Lack of c_____________ sense makes him get into trouble .
2. Take a raincoat with you , it‟s very l__________ to rain .
3. The experts are discussing about the r___________(风险) of investment .
4. S______________ and technological progress makes our country develop faster and faster.
5. Although he is very busy , he tries to _____________ (平衡) home life and career .
二、单项选项
( )1. People ought to learn _______ prevent a heart attack .
A. what to
B. when to
C. how to
D. where to
( )2. I don‟t know _______ next .
A. what to do
B. when to do
C. how to do
D. where to do
( )3. The teacher asked who knew the answer _____ this question .
A. of
B. to
C. for
D. about
( )4. She often feels ill ,but ______ , she doesn‟t like doing exercises .
A. in the other hand
B. in other hand
C. in another hand
D. on the other hand
( )5. Eating too much fast food is _____ our health .
A. good for
B. good to
C. bad for
D. bad to
( )6. Most of us ______ what he said .
A. agree to
B. agree that
C. agree about
D. agree on
三、选词填空
stay by the way lose one‟s appetite for a balanced diet be bad for on the other hand
1. She __________________________________ everything because of her illness .
2. The material feels smooth . ______________________ what‟s the price ?
3. It ___________________ you to have food with much fat .
4. People put food into the fridge to ___________ fresh .
5. Now more and more people pay attention to the importance of __________________________.
6. He is very clever . __________________________ , he studies hard .
四、完成句子
1. 他们正在商量明天在什么地方集合。

They are discussing _____________ ____________ meet tomorrow .
2. 小孩子很难判断这是真的还是假的。

It‟s difficult _________ children __________ ____________ whether it is true or false .
3. 专家们对这个建议的意见一致。

The experts ___________ ____________ the suggestion .
4. 一方面，妈妈很细心地照顾我们；另一方面，她对我们要求很严格。

On one hand , mother looks after us carefully .
________ ________ ________ ________ she is rather strict with us .
5. 吸烟有害健康。

Smoking _________ _________ ____________ health .
6. 脂肪过多很有可能引发心脏病。

Too much fat is ______________ to cause a heart attack .
Listening
一、单词拼写
1. H_______________ is great wealth . We ought to take good care of ourselves .
2. I have no c_____________. My parents have prepared all the things for me .
3. Soft drinks with v_________ is very popular now ,because people believe it can help lose weight .
4. Many restaurants charge e______________ money for service .
5. Foreigners like having pizza with c_______________.
二、选词填空
ask for would like instead of give advice in fact put on weight not only …but also
1. I ______________________ a hot dog and a hamburger .What about you ?
2. Playing basketball is _____________ interesting _________________ helpful for health .
3. _____________________, time is money .so don‟t waste time any more .
4. You will ________________________ easily if you eat much fast food .
5. Would you mind ______________________ to me on this problem ?
6. Drinking mineral water _________________________soft drink is better for your health.
7. The waiter wasn‟t clear about what we ___________________________.
三、完成句子
1. 幸运的是，通过节食我减肥了。

__________________, I lost weight ________________ eating less .
2. ----你想要些什么，先生？
----我想要一个芝士比萨饼和一瓶可乐。

--- What‟s your order ,sir ?
---I ____________ ____________ a pizza with cheese and a bottle of coke .
3. 均衡的饮食不仅更有营养，而且更美味。

A balanced diet is __________ __________ healthier , _________ __________more delicious .
Language
一、选词填空
what when where who how which why
1. It‟s difficult to tell you ___________ to deal with the problem on the telephone .
2. There are too many beautiful dresses . I don‟t know ___________ to choose .
3. Nobody knows ____________ helped us in danger.
4. You …d better make sure ____________ we will meet tomorrow .I‟ll take a map with me .
5. I really don‟t know _________ she feels uncomfortable .Maybe she has eaten something harmful .
6. I‟m so nervous that I forget _____________ to do next .
7. Tell me ___________ you will arrive , I‟ll go to pick you up .
二、运用“形容词+that 从句”结构和所给单词改写句子。

1. I passed the final exam .(glad)
________________________________________________________
2. In order to wear beautiful clothes ,Sally will lose weight . (confident )
________________________________________________________
3. Lily‟s pet dog has caught a cold . (worried)
________________________________________________________
三、完成句子。

1. 我认为你是不对的。

I __________ ___________ ___________ you are right .
2. 在A和B之间，你会选择哪一个？
______________A ______________B, which one will be your choice?
3. 人们担心吃太多油炸食品会对身体有害。

People are ______________ ______________ eating too much fried food is harmful to health .
4. 我不知道该如何回答这个问题。

I don‟t know _____________ ____________ answer the question.
Speaking and writing
一、单词拼写
1. You always _______________(发音) this word incorrectly . You should practice it after the tape .
2. Your dog looks cute because of the __________(点) on it‟s back .
3. You must be careful for the _____________ (松动的) chair leg .
4. I hurt my ___________ (骨头) in a traffic accident .
5. People should have food with more __________(盐) in summer .
6. The ______________(混合物) of milk and strawberry tastes good .
7. The girl with beautiful ________________(金黄色的) hair is attractive .
More practice
一、单词拼写
1. The mother f___________ her baby with a spoon .
2. The pearls are not natural but m____________. They don‟t cost much .
3. China is a d_____________ country , and Japan is a developed country .
4. What‟s the b_____________ of taking a balanced diet?
5. The e______________ football match made me feel excited .
二、单项选择。

( )1. Today many people keep pets ____ dogs ,cats or snakes .
A. such like
B. like
C. as
D. for example
( )2. Wood can ______ make furniture.
A. use to
B. used to
C. be used to
D. be use to
( )3. _____ air _______ water are important for human .
A. Neither ,nor
B. Either , or
C. Between , and
D. Both , and
( )4. China is one of the largest developing ______ in the world .
A. area
B. areas
C. country
D. countries
( )5. She didn‟t join us ______ illness.
A. because
B. as
C. to
D. because of
三、完成句子
1. 重要的事不要匆忙作出决定。

Don‟t ___________ ____________ important matters too quickly .
2. 最后，我们把果肉挖出来和糖一起享用。

Finally , we ____________ ____________ the pulp and enjoyed it with sugar .
3. 她把肉切碎来喂小狗。

She ____________ _____________ the meat to feed her little dog .
4. 时间就是金钱。

我们要充分利用时间。

Time is money . We should __________ __________ __________ ___________ _________ it .
5. 我不确定你的公司什么时候能盈利。

I can‟t make sure when your company will _____________ ____________.
达标评价
一、单项选择
( )1. ---Why do you have meals without meat ?
---_______, I‟ve become a vegetarian.
A. You watch
B. You know
C. You see
D. You ask
( )2. ---Are you preparing for the test ?
---_______. I‟m confident that I‟ll pass it .
A. Sure am I
B. Sure I am
C. Sure do I
D. Sure I do
( )3. ---What‟s your order ,madam ?
---I ______ a pizza with cheese and a hamburger .
A. would have
B. will have
C. would like to
D. will like
( )4. Many young people don‟t know ______ make a balanced diet .
A. how
B. how to
C. what
D. what to
( )5. I‟m lost . I don‟t know ______ I‟m now .
A. what
B. when
C. that
D. where
( )6. I‟m so sorry _____ I broke your vase .
A. that
B. because of
C. which
D. for
( )7. Can we ______ a date for the next meeting ?
A. agree with
B. agree on
C. agree to
D. agree about
( )8. On one hand , I should eat various food .________ we should avoid having harmful food.
A. On another hand
B. In another hand
C. In other hand
D. On the other hand
( )9. The company finally _____ last year and the staff were so delighted .
A. made a profits
B. made profit
C. made profits
D. cost profit
( )10. ______English ,I‟m good at art as well .
A. Except
B. Except
C. Beside
D. Besides
二、语法选择
A healthy body is necessary for a healthy mind . As is known , __1__ a sound mind , we must first have a sound body . This is of vital __2__ . Only by __3__ ourselves healthy and strong can we feel energetic and vigorous and live a happy life .
To keep ourselves fit, physical exercise is the __4__ way . In taking part in outdoor sports, we are __5__ nature and can take in fresh air .The beauty of nature will keep us cleared-head , __6__ is essential to our health . __7__ , sports stimulate (刺激)the circulation(循环) of blood and help to excrete (分泌) the wastes in the body .Sports can also work up our appetite and activate our digestion (消化) . As a result , we __8__ become strong-bodied .
As far as I am concerned ,I am always very active __9__ various physical exercise and I enjoy good health . Most of the time I feel energetic and vigorous even after a whole day of work . I will keep up __10__ exercise to have a longer and better life .
( )1. A. have B. to have C. having D. had
( )2. A. important B. importance C. importances D. importantly
( )3. A. keep B. kept C. to keep D. keep
( )4. A. good B. well C. better D. best
( )5. A. close B. close to C. closer to D. closing to
( )6. A. which B. that C. it D. this
( )7. A. Except B. Except for C. Beside D. Besides
( )8. A. should B. could C. can D. would
( )9. A. take part in B. to take part in C. taking part in D. taken part in
( )10. A. take B. taking C. to take D. taken
三、单词拼写
1. Representatives from v___________ parts of the country have arrived in Beijing .
2. Modern agriculture needs s______________ technology .
3. The chair is l____________. Don‟t sit on it .
4. She cut up the meat to f_____________ the meat .
5. We grew up in the countryside , surrounded by the beauty of n_____________.
四、完成句子
1. 我们不知道他什么时候对肉失去了胃口。

We don‟t know when he __________ __________ __________ __________ meat .
2. 大家就他的建议达成了一致的意见。

People ______________ ______________ what he suggested .
3. 一方面，她饮食不均衡。

另一方面，她很少做运动。

On one hand ,she doesn‟t have a balanced diet ._________ __________ ___________ __________, she seldom does exercise
4. 我们的新房子太小了，要充分利用空间。

Our new house is so small that we have to ___________ __________ _________ _________ of it .
5. 我肯定明天会下雨。

I_____________ ____________ that it will rain tomorrow .
四：小结与作业：五：教学反思:。