人教新课标必修四Unit2Workingtheland课文挖空完形填空设计(第2篇课文)

必修4 Unit 2 第二篇小课文课文挖空语法填空
CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?
Over the past half century, 1._______ (use) chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way 2. _______ (stop) crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.
What are some of the problems 3. _______ (cause) by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by 4. _______ (kill) the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the 5. _______ (harm) ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water 6. _______ a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's 7. _______ (body) over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other 8. _______ (illness). In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast 9. _______ (be) full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.
With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is 10. ______
(simple) farming without using any chemicals. They focus 11. ______ keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A 12. ______ (health) soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using 13. _______ (nature) waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields 14. ______ (rich) in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.
Organic farmers also use many other 15. _______(method) to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back 16. _______ the soil, 17. ________ (make) it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops 18._______ ( prevent ) wind or water from 19._______ (carry ) away the soil, and then leaving 20.______ in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop. These many different organic farming methods have 21._______ same goal: to grow good food and avoid 22.________ (damage) the environment or people's health.
解析：本题考查动名词短语形式充当主语。

2.答案：to stop
解析：考查动词。

way作“方式，方法”讲时，后置定语用to do 不定式形式或者介词定语以及定语从句。

3.答案：caused
解析：本题考查非谓语动词的过去分词形式充当后置定语。

Cause 与前面的名词存在被动关系，故使用过去分词。

4.答案：killing
解析：本题考查非谓语动词。

介词by 后面应当使用动词的ing 形式。

5.答案：harmful
解析：此处应当用形容词形式作定语，修饰ones。

6.答案：for
解析：考查介词的用法。

持续一段时间，用介词for。

7.答案：bodies
解析：考查名词变复数形式。

以辅音字母加y结尾的名词变复数, 把y变为i,再加es。

8.答案：illnesses
解析：考查名词变复数形式。

以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词变复数,再结尾加es。

解析：句意：“生长太快而不能够充满足够的营养”。

Too......to表示“太......而不能够”。

10.答案：simply
解析：考查形容词变为副词的形式。

以le结尾的形容词变为副词时，去e，加y。

11.答案：on
解析：考查介词。

表示“集中注意力于......”用focus on，为固定短语。

12.答案：healthy
解析：考查名词变为形容词形式。

修饰名词soil需用形容词healthy。

13.答案：natural
解析：考查形容词。

natural的形容词形式为natural。

14.答案：richer
解析：由前后文可知，此处需要使用形容词。

根据句意，用比较级形式。

15.答案：methods
解析：other后面应当使用名词的复数形式。

故用methods。

16.答案：into
解析：此处考查介词。

和动词搭配，表示“到......里面”，用介词into。

17.答案：making
解析：此处考查非谓语形式作结果状语，故使用现在分词，表示自然而然，可想而知的结果。

18.答案：to prevent
解析：本题考查非谓语动词的不定式用作目的状语。

19.答案：carrying
解析：本题考查介词后使用动词的ing形式。

故填carrying。

20.答案：it
解析：考查代词。

It指代上文的名词。

21.答案：the
解析：此处考查固定冠词。

same前面使用定冠词the。

22.答案：damaging
解析：考查非谓语动词。

avoid后面应当使用动词的ing形式。