2015年职称英语考试名师预测题(综合类A级完形填空)

Crashed Cars to Text Message for Help
There is no good place to have a car crash—but some places are worse than others.In a foreign country,for instance,__1__to explain via cellphone that you are upside down in a ditch when you cannot speak the local language can fatally delay the arrival of the emergency services.
But an answer may be at hand.Researchers funded by the European Commission are beginning tests of a system called E-merge that__2__senses when a car has crashed and sends a text message telling emergency services in the local language that the accident has taken place.
The system was__3__by ERTICO,a transport research organization based in Brussels,Belgium.Cars are fitted with a cellphone-sized device attached__4__the underside of the dashboard which is activated by the same sensor that triggers the airbag in a crash.The device__5__a cellphone circuit,a GPS positioning unit and a microphone and loudspeaker.
It registers the severity of the crash by__6__the deceleration data from the airbag's ing GPS information,it works out which country the Car is in,and from this it determines __7__which language to compose an alert message detailing precise location of the accident.
The device then automatically makes a call to the local emergency services__8__.If the car's occupants are conscious,they can communicate with the operator__9__the speaker and microphone.
E-merge also transmits the vehicles make,model,color and license number,and its heading'when it crashed,which in turn indicates0n which side of a multi-1ane highway it ended up. This__10__the emergency services find the vehicle as soon as they arrive on the scene."We can waste a large__11__time searching for an incident,"says Jim Hammond,a(an__12__in vehicle technology at the Association of Chief Police Officers in the UK.Tests will begin soon with police car fleets in the UK.Trials have already started in Germany,Sweden,Spain,the Netherlands and Italy.
In-car systems…that summon the emergency services after a crash have__13__been fitted in some premium cars".ERTICO says that__14__EU states"are willing to fund the necessary infrastructure,E-merge could be working by2008.
A study by French car maker Renault"concluded that the system could save up to6000of the40,000lives lost each year on Europe's roads,and prevent a similar number of serious injuries.
The Renault study estimates that fitting E.merge to every car in Europe would eventually save around150billion per__15__in terms of reduced costs to health services and insurance companies,and fewer lost working days.
1.Atry B tried C trying D having tried
2.Aautomatically B accidentally C tremendously D usually
3.Achanged B located C developed D copied
4.Aby B up C about D to
5.Aforms B is consisted ofC composed of D includes
6.Aread B reading C reads D being read
7.Aon B in C of D at
8.A car maker B policeman C doctor D operator
9.A via B near C by D besides
10.A assists B causes C makes D helps
11.A number of B deal of C amount of D volume of
12.A writer B reporter C expert D leader
13.Aalready B long ago C long before D shortly
14.Aalthough B nevertheless C however D if
15.Acity B year C person D country
参考答案：C、A、C、D、D、B、B、D、A、D、C、C、A、D、B Passive smoking is workplace killer
Pressure mounted on Britain on Monday to take action on__1__
smoking with new research showing second-hand smoke__2__about one worker each week in the hospitality industry.
Professor Konrad Jamrozik，of Imperial College in London，told a conference on environmental tobacco that second-hand__3__kills49employees in pubs，bars，restaurants and hotels each year and contributes to700deaths from lung cancer，heart__4__and stroke across the total national work force.
“Exposure in the hospitality__5__at work outweighs the consequences of exposure of living__6__a smoker for those staff，”Jamrozik said in an interview.
Other__7__have measured the levels of exposure to passive smoking but Jamrozik calculated how it would translate into avoidable deaths.
His findings are__8__on the number of people working in the hospitality industry in Britain.their exposure to second.hand smoke and their__9__of dying from it.
Jamrozik said me findings would apply to__10__countries in Europe because,to a greater or__11__extent，levels of smoking in the community are similar.
Professor Carol Black，president of the Royal College of Physicians，who sponsored the meeting.said the research is
proof of the need for a ban on smoking in__12__places.“Environmental tobacco smoke in pubs，bars，restaurants and other public places is__13__damaging to the health of employees as well as the general public，”she said in a statement.
“Making these places smoke.free not only protects vulnerable staff and the public。

It will__14__help over300，000people in Britain to stop smoking completely，”she added.
Ireland recently became the first country to introduce a national ban on smoking in Public__15__.New York and parts of Australia have taken similar measures.
练习：
1.A)passive B)natural C)extensive D)whole
2.A)kills B)hurts C)wounds D)injures
3.A)dealing B)working C)smoking D)shopping
4.A)rate B)motion C)system D)disease
5.A)level B)industry C)location D)nature
6.A)close B)with C)for D)next
7.A)researchers B)patients C)members D)smokers
8.A)applied B)based C)called D)relied
9.A)learning B)turning C)dying D)suffering
10.A)no B)most C)few D)some
11.A)small B)larger C)lesser D)more
12.A)private B)secret C)open D)public
13.A)seriously B)strangely C)nervously D)personally
14.A)yet B)still C)also D)just
15.A)sports B)places C)moves D)actions
Healthy Food
Street sellers,particularly in developing countries,supply large amounts of food_____(1)people on low incomes.This sector(部门)also employs some6-25%of the work force,mainly women,in developing countries,and provides markets for agricultural and other produce.In many countries,_____(2), the authorities are not willing to recognize it as a formal sector of the food_____(3)system;they may ignore it in food control programs or even try to put an end to_____(4). There are two possible contaminants(污染物):pathogenic(病原)micro-organisms(微生物)_____(5)harmful chemicals.As _____(6)as micro-organisms are concerned,there is apparently no convincing evidence that street foods are more involved in the transmission of infection than foods obtained in, e.g. hotels.Studies in Egypt and elsewhere have found street foods to compare not unfavorably with hotel_____(7)in respect of contamination with micro-organisms-some street foods were
found to be contaminated with pathogens(病原菌),but so were foods from four,and five-star_____(8)in the same area. Harmful chemicals have been found in street foods,and food exposed for sale on roadsides,may become_____(9)by lead from vehicle exhausts.
Health dangers may arise from:purchase of raw materials of _____(10)quality;improper storage,processing,and cooking, leading_____(11)reuse of water;limited piped drinking-water; lack of refrigeration(冷藏);unsatisfactory waste-disposal facilities;and personal cleanliness.
The authorities should_____(12)into account the potentials of different categories of food for transmitting disease,and should set appropriate standards of control for the different categories-sellers of bottled drinks require less control than those of food.Dry foods,dried grains,and sugared foods are_____(13)likely to transmit disease than cooked rice, low-acid milk,egg,and meat products._____(14),foods which are thoroughly cooked and eaten at_____(15)are safer than precooked food kept at high temperatures for several hours. 1A for B on C by D at
2A but B however C besides D moreover
3A choice B processing C supply D production
4A them B those C him D it
5A and B or C but D yet
6A soon B far C much D many
7A services B kitchens C hygiene D foods
8A hotels B houses C buildings D generals
9A supported B enriched C contaminated D washed
10A heavy B clear C high D poor
11A to B about C from D around
12A use B think C take D work
13A highly B never C not D less
14A Certainly B Interestingly C Surprisingly D Similarly 15A once B twice C call D work
参考答案：
A B C D A
B D A
C D
A C D D A
Sex change surgery guidelines drafted
China is set to1its first clinical guildline on sex-change surgery,according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of health yesterday.
The ministry is now soliciting public and professional opinions on the draft guideline.The coming guideline aims to regulate
and standardlinze sex reassignment surgery,part of a treatment for gender identity disorder in transsexuals
Experts2___nearly2,000chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while100;000to400,000are still considering it, however,no official number is available.in the draft,the MOH sets__3__criteria for both surgical candidates and medical institutions.
Camdidates for the surgery must be older than20and single, the draft guideline said.They are also required to prove a persistent desire for a sex change,to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role,and to engage__4__mental therapy for at least one year.
Before surgery can take place,a candidate must receiver a recommendation for the operation from a___5__after an appropriate series of therapy sessions.
Also,several legal requirements__6__be met before the procedure.
The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past,Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the __7___receiver before the operation can tanke__8___.
The advent of such a guideline___9__to show that the government
is concerned__10__the needs of a relatively small__11__of people who want to change sex.
But doctors also warn that all stakeholders,including the hospital and prospective receivers,should be highly cautious about this surgery.
The operation is more than a medical procedure due__12__its huge social and legal consequences.doctors should make it clear to those__13_sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role.the guideline requires surgeries to tell patients about other options__14_ hormone therapy.they are also required to explain the risks involved,and underlying social barriers including discrimination,and administrative recognition and approval. For the candidates,the surgery itself is not big issue__15_the long run,the real issue is the kind of life he or shw will have to lead afterward.
1.A)issue B)provide C)withdraw D)bring about
2.A)boast B)estimate C)blame D)offer
3.A)maximum B)minimun C)less D)few
4.A)in B)into C)on D)onto
5.A)physicist B)chemist C)psychologist D)geologist
6.A)can B)must C)may D)cannot
7.A)respective B)prospect C)expecting D)prospective
8.A)positon B)location C)place D)scene
9.A)believes B)is believed C)is believing D)believed
10.A)about B)with C)around D)of
11.A)numeral B)figure C)digit D)number
12.A)in B)with C)to D)into
13.A)seek B)seeking C)sought D)have sought
14.A)as B)such that C)as much D)such as
15.A)in B)on C)under D)below
Unpopular Subjects?
Is there a place in today’s society for the study of useless subjects in our universities?Just over100years ago Fitzgerald argued in a well-written letter______(1)Nature that“Universities must be allowed to study useless subjects-______(2)they don’t，who will?He went0n to use the ______(3)of Maxwell’s electrodynamics_(电动力学)as one case where a“useless subject”has been transformed to a useful subject.Nowadays this argument is again very much______(4)in many universities.Indeed one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be______(5)anew(重新)by each generation.But now there is an added twist~)--subjects must not only be useful，they must also be______(6)enough that
students will flock(蜂拥)to d0them，and even flock to pay to do them.
As universities become commercial operations，the pressure to______(7)subjects or departments that are less popular will become stronger and stronger,Perhaps this is most strongly______(8)at the moment by physics.There has been much______(9)in the press of universities that are closing down physics departments and incorporate them with mathematics or engineering departments.
Many scientists think otherwise.They see physics as a______ (10)science，which must be kept alive if only to______(11)a base for other sciences and engineering.It is of their great personal concern that physics teaching and research is under______(12)in many universities.How Can it be preserved in the rush towards commercial competition?A major turnaround(转变)in student popularity may have to______ (13)until the industrial world discovers that it needs physicists and starts paying them well.
Physics is now not only unpopular;it is also“hard”.We can do more about the latter by______(14)teaching in our schools and universities.We can also______(15)cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists keep their research and
teaching up to date
1A about B of C to D on
2A if B as C because D since
3A question B example C design D device
4A powerful B terrible C difficult D active
5A fought B weighted C respected D selected
6A clear B popular C indefinite D available
7A choose B strengthen C eliminate D identify
8A recommended B opposed C suspected D felt
9A discussion B fancy C evidence D influence
10A precise B noble C new D fundamental
11A install B provide C reach D cover
12A agreement B construction C threat D consideration
13A wait B move C progress D increase
14A running B improving C learning D dropping
15A fix B modify C review D develop
正确答案：C A B D A B C D A D B C A B D
Charter Schools
American public education has changed in recent years.One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools(1)charter schools(特许学校).
In1991,there were no charter schools in the United States. Today,more than2,300charter schools(2)in34states and the District of Columbia.575,000students(3)these schools. The students are from5years of age through18or older.
A charter school is(4)by groups of parents,teachers and community(社区)members.It is similar in some ways (5)a traditional public school.It receives tax money to operate just as other public schools do.The(6)it receives depends on the number of students.The charter school must prove to local or state governments that its students are learning. These governments(7)the school with the agreement,or charter that permits it to operate.
Unlike a traditional public school,(8),the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools.Local, state or federal governments cannot tell it what to(9). Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to(10)those goals.Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools.Many students and parents say (11)in charter schools can be more creative.
However,state education agencies,local education-governing committees and unions often(12)charter schools.They say these schools may receive money badly(13)by traditional
public schools.Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling.
Congress provided200million dollars for(14)charter schools in the2002federal budget(预算):But,often the schools say they lack enough money for their(15).Many also lack needed space.
1A called B asked C known D said
2A study B conduct C operate D perform
3A finish B attend C leave D cut
4A taught B held C created D understood 5A to B with C by D in
6A attention B amount C expense D information 7A buy B review C give D provide
8A besides B moreover C thus D however
9A teach B discuss C have D get
10A set B reach C indicate D define
11A farmers B workers C teachers D soldiers 12A oppose B change C enter D encourage 13A treated B needed C earned D wasted
14A needing B spending C comparing D establishing 15A programs B parents C records D words
<参考答案>
01.A02.C03.B04.C05.A
06.B07.D08.D09.A10.B
11.C12.A13.B14.D15.A
Public and Private Schools in the Unite States
Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the Unite States,and,as a result,are usually somewhat expensive to_1_.The largest group of religious schools in America_2_by the Roman Catholic Church.While religious schools tend to be_3_expensive than private schools, there are usually some fees.
When there is free education available to all children in the Unite States,why do people_4_money on private schools? Americans offer_5_great variety of reasons for doing so, including the desire of some parents to_6_their children to schools_7_classes tend to be smaller,or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program,or because,_8_their opinion,the public schools in their area are not_9_high enough quality to meet their needs.Private schools in the Unite States_10_widely in size,quality,and in the kind of program that are offered to meet_11_of certain students.
The degree_12_American parents are active in their children's
schools is often_13_to people of other countries.Most schools have organizations_14_of both parents and teachers,usually called P.T.A for Parent-Teacher-Association.They meet together to_15_various matters concerning the school.Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.
1.A)go B)attend C)take part in D)enroll
2.A)were run B)run C)is run D)is running
3.A)less B)more C)rather D)much
4.A)spend B)pay C)cost D)take
5.A)a B)the C)some D)/
6A)bring B)bringing C)send D)sending
7.A)which B)what C)in that D)where
8.A)to B)in C)on D)for
9.A)/B)in C)of D)on
10.A)differ B)varies C)extend D)differs
11.A)the needs B)the satisfaction C)needs D)need
12.A)on which B)to which C)which D)what
13.A)surprise B)surprised C)surprising D)striking
14.A)consisting B)comprising C)composing D)making up
15.A)talk to B)comment C)discuss D)exchange
key:BCAAA CDBCA ABCAC
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute,violence has been taken for granted as a means of solving differences;and this is not even questioned.There are countries___1___the white man imposes his rule by brute force;there are countries where the black man protests by__2__fire to cities and by looting and pillaging.Important people on both sides,who would in other respects appear to be__3__men,get up and calmly argue__4__violence---as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other.What is really frightening,what really fills you__5__despair,is the realization that when it comes to the crunch,we have made no actual progress__6__.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint,but our instincts remain basically unchanged.The whole of the__7__history of the human race,that tedious documentation of violence,has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that violence never__8__a problem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror, the bloodshed and the suffering__9__nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder__10_hit us.
The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions__11__ are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing.They are despised,mistrusted and even persecuted by their own__12__
because they advocate such apparently outrageous things__13__ law enforcement.If half the energy that goes into violent acts were__14__,if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos,at improving living-standards and providing education and employment__15__all,we would have gone a long way to arriving at a solution.
EXERCISE:
1.A)where B)that C)which D)who
2.A)giving B)catching C)setting D)letting
3.A)reasonable B)reasonably C)reasonless D)reason
4.A)for the sake of B)for fear of C)in case of D)in favor of
5.A)for B)with C)by D)up
6.A)at all B)after all C)at last D)in the end
7.A)record B)recording C)recorded D)records
8.A)keeps B)deals C)answers D)solves
9.A)meant B)mean C)is meaning D)are meaning
10.A)what B)that C)/D)which
11.A)lay B)lays C)lie D)lies
12.A)kind B)way C)right D)rule
13.A)like B)so C)that D)as
14.A)put to use good B0put to good use C0put good to use
D)good put to use
15.A)by B)at C)for D)with
KEY:A C A D B A C D B A C A D B C
Newspaper Reports
There are many type of reports.A report is simply__1__of something that has happened.The commonest are__2__.We get them in newspapers,over radio and__3__television.Sometimes cinemas also show us newsreels.
The main purpose of a newspaper__4__provide news.If you__5__ a newspaper closely,you will find that there are all types of news:accidents,floods,fires,wars,sports,books,etc.The news__6__everything that happens to people and their surroundings.Sometimes there are news items which are very __7__.
The big__8__bold words above the news items are called headlines.Their purpose is to__9__attention so that people will buy the newspaper because they want to read__10__of the news.
A news report is usually very short,__11__when it is about something very important,but it__12__a lot of information. It is also written in short paragraphs.The first paragraph is in__13__a summary of the news item.It gives all the necessary
information:what,when,where,how,why.The other paragraphs give__14__of the subject.There may also be interviews__15__ people.The words actually spoken by them are within inverted commas.
Often there are photographs to go with the news to make it more interesting.
1.A)a count B)an account C)an accident D)an incident
2.A)news reports B)new reports C)news report D)new report
3.A)over B)by C)on D)through
4.A)is to B)is C)is to have D)is to be
5.A)examine B)watch C)look D)see
6.A)concludes B)covers C)conclude D)cover
7.A)amuse B)amused C)amusing D)to amuse
8.A)or B)as well C)both D)also
9.A)give B)attain C)pay D)attract
10.A)the rest B)rest C)other D)the other
11.A)besides B)apart from C)except D)except for
12.A)composes B)concludes C)confirms D)contains
13.A)details B)reply C)all D)fact
14.A)fully details B)full details C)details fully D)details full
15.A)with B)between C)to D)among
KEYS:BACAA BCADA CDDBA
The Central Problem of Economics
The central problem of economics is to satisfy the people's and nation's wants.
The problem we are faced with is that our resources,here identified as money,are__1__.The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices.After looking at our resources,we must examine our list of__2__and identify the things we need immediately,those we can postpone,and__3__we cannot afford. As individuals,we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide__4__with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.
Nations face the same problem.As a country's population___5__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase,but there__6__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room,in the conference room of the corporation__7__of directors,or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington,the basic problem still exists.We need to find __8__of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy
unlimited wants.
A short time ago economists divided goods into two categories, free and economic.The former,like air and water,were in__9__ abundance that economists had no concern for them.After all, economics is the__10__of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these"free goods"are__11__very expensive to use.Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers'extra costs,and__12__taxpayers who pay for the government's involvement in cleaning the environment.
In the1990s,almost all goods are__13__.Only by effort and money__14__obtained in the form people wish.
Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available __15__the basic activity of production.In trying to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods,production leads to new problems in economics.
EXERCISE:
1.A)limited B)unlimited C)scarcity D)abundant
2.A)want B)problem C)wants D)resources
3.A)those B)some C)others D)many
4.A)them B)themselves C)ourselves D)ours
5.A)expand B)extends C)grows D)increase
6.A)always B)sometimes C)often D)never
7.A)management B)function C)board D)group
8.A)people B)economists C)way D)methods
9.A)so B)great C)such D)such an
10.A)form B)study C)means D)source
11.A)practically B)in practice C)in reality D)practicably
12.A)the B)/C)for D)with
13.A)plentiful B)scarce C)abundant D)in full supply
14.A)they can be B)can they be C)they must be D)must they be
15.A)are led to B)leads C)lead to D)leads to
KEY:
A C A C C D C D C
B
C C B B D。