2020届济南市第三中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析

2020届济南市第三中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
It was a weeknight and one of my twin daughters marched into the room, waving a book she'd finished. “Dad, why are books with science in them always about boys?” she asked.
I told her that simply wasn't true; there were loads of great science fictions with girls in them. She agreed, but argued that in those stories it was the boys who were doing science, and the girls were justalong for the ride. My other daughter took her sister's side and challenged me to give an example.
This left me in a difficult position. I could either go through our library to point out some wonderful examples of female-led science fictions, or just admit they were right and remain in my comfortable chair.
I've been asked several times how I came up with the idea forA Problematic Paradoxand my answer is always the same: it came to me in a moment of inspiration. I like that answer because it's simple and makes me seem very creative. The fact that this explanation is not true bothers me from time to time. Here's the truth: the story wasn't my idea. It was my daughters who suggested I write something for them that had a girl doing science.
My daughters were at an age when many young women turn away from STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math), believing those areas of study unfriendly or out-of-the-norm for girls. I also read about how important role models can be to young people. It's one thing to tell a person they can do something, but seeing someone like them doing that thing can be more powerful.
So, I kept two guidelines for the book in mind: First, the story had to be fun for anyone, because it's as important for boys to understand that science is for everyone. Second, I wanted the main character, Nikola, to be imperfect. She should be someone with shortcomings as we all have. I think this not only makes a story more interesting to read, but also helps make it clear that the most extraordinary things can be done by ordinary people.
1. What does the underlined phrase “along for the ride” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Entering a bike race.
B. Offering vital help.
C. Doing unimportant things.
D. Playing the leading role.
2. What do we know about the bookA Problematic Paradox1?
A. Its main character is perfect.
B. It is a female-led science fiction.
C. It is intended to appeal to girls only.
D. Its idea comes from the author's inspiration.
3. Which of the following best describes the author's book?
A. Serious and abstract.
B. Simple and practical.
C. Creative and well-organized.
D. Inspiring and interesting.
B
TOKYO—Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga told the media on Monday if any places hosting events of the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics declare a state of emergency due to the COVID-19 epidemic during the games, the events will continue to beheld but without spectators (观众). With one month to go before the games are due to begin on July 23, Suga is again showing his administration’s determination to hold the Olympic Games as planned, despite so much pressure from various parties urging it tocancel the event.
Although the Japanese government regards the Tokyo Olympics as an important opportunity to improve its soft power, the Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games has been continuously dented (挫伤) since they were postponed last year. The resurgence (再猖獗) of the novel coronavirus in some places is Japan in recent months has cast a shadow over people’s confidence that the Olympics will not give rise to new clusters (群) of infections, and there are fears that the Games will provide new channels for the virus’ global transmission.
Some torchbearers from Japan have withdrawn from the Olympic torch relay in the country. And the latest survey indicates only 34 percent of Japanese people support holding the games as scheduled. Predictably, the Suga administration will do all it can to try to ensure the games go ahead. But it remains to be seen whether it can stand the tests of the uncertainties related to epidemic prevention and control that might happen during the Games.
Since it has not yet got the virus under control at home, the people have reasons to question is ability to deal with the prevention and control work when large numbers of participants will be flocking to Japan from around the world in a short time. It is to be hoped that Japan can draw lessons from the organization of epidemic prevention and control work during the ongoing UEFA European Championship, carry out strict epidemic prevention and control measures, and be prepared for emergencies to guarantee the safety and success of the Olympics at this special time.
It should be a common wish of the whole world that the Tokyo Olympics can become a stage showing unity and resolve of human beings in their fight against the virus. That willendowthe games with special meaning beyond sports.
4. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The virus’ global transmission.
B. People’ worry about the infections.
C. The resurgence of the novel coronavirus.
D. The benefit of holding the Tokyo Olympics.
5. How do about one third of Japanese people like holding the games as planned?
A. Uncertain.
B. Negative.
C. Approving.
D. Indifferent.
6. Which of the following words can replace the underlined word “endow” in the last paragraph?
A. Compare.
B. Equip.
C. Provide.
D. Charge.
7. What can be the best title for the news report?
A. Japan can ensure Olympics go ahead
B. Olympics big test for Japanese government
C. Japanese people’s enthusiasm for the Games
D. Japan to carry out strict epidemic prevention during the Games
C
We all know that a healthy lifemeans getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. The new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep. While the health benefits of exercise and sleep are nothing new, it's the relationship between them that is interesting in this particular study — it could even give doctors another option to suggest for patients dealing with sleep problems.
“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease, stroke, and cancer,” says epidemiologist Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney in Australia.
Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity (high, medium or low) and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, insomnia, snoring and daytime sleepiness.
Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't meet the WHO recommended guidelines for exercise. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.
In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical
activity.
For now it's not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes. It could be that the increased activity iscounteractinginflammation (炎症), or reducing irregularities in glucose metabolism, suggest the researchers.
“Considering that physical activity is perhaps more modifiable than sleep, our study offers people more health incentives to be physically active.” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney.
8. This research is of particular interest in that ________.
A. it’s in this study that exercise is known to be beneficial to sleep.
B. this study offers people more health treatments to be physical active.
C. it could enable doctors to cure patients of their sleeping condition.
D. the relationship between exercise and sleep is updated in this study.
9. Which of the following statements istrueaccording to the passage?
A. Those who had the poorest sleep quality were most at risk of death from heart disease.
B. Those scoring lowest on sleep and exercise scale were more likely to die from cancer.
C. There’s no risk of cancer for those who didn't sleep well but did score well on physical activity.
D. It's evident that in terms of health more exercise could make up for poor sleep.
10. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 mean?
A. interacting
B. increasing
C. preventing
D. causing
11. Where can this passage most probably be taken from?
A. A research findings report
B. A medical examination report
C. A poor sleep study report
D. A physical activity study report
D
In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.
Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”
Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.
Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”
He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn'thave to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.”
Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened tostories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”
Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America. Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.
12. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India?
A. He attended an interview for a college.
B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.
C. He interviewed Mother Teresa.
D. He did something to help the poor.
13. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?
A. He was born with disability.
B. He led a hard life as a child.
C. He was well treated at school.
D. He survived as a parentless boy.
14. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?
A. Self-centered.
B. Sympathetic.
C. Popular.
D. Casual.
15. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?
A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.
B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.
C. He turned his focus to living for himself.
D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different color1 s.___16___
According to scientists, fruit color1 s actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color1 ,
___17___They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. Instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places._____18_____The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color1 will be.
___19___Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. However, animals see color1 s in a different way. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops color1 s that are easy for animals to see. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can.___20___The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red-green color1 blind. Many yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color1 .
A. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many color1 s?
B. Animals have also had an impact on the evolution of fruit color1 s.
C. How does temperature influence fruit color1 s?
D. However, a darker color1 doesn’t mean a better kind of fruit.
E.These fruits tend to grow a lot it just one specific area.
F. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.
G. Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit color1 s to find out how environment affects fruit color1 s.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Last year, I took an improvisational (即兴的) comedy class. I made a successful attempt to___21___my comfort zone and to have fun. One of the first things our teacher, Myles Goldin, told us to do whenever anyone made a mistake during an exercise was to___22___our hands high in the air and___23___, “Wahoo!” Within a couple of minutes of starting our first game, some students___24___to catch the virtual (虚拟) ball. Suddenly, Goldin was leading us in a round of yelling “Wahoo!” Goldin was conveying a central___25___; Mistakes are not only okay, they’re necessary building blocks of learning and creativity. “We should embrace and___26___mistakes, because we couldn’t grow and create cool things without them,” she said.
An increasing number of teachers are also doing so by encouraging students to___27___in direct experimentation. They are replacing the traditional “sage (智者) on stage” teaching style with“___28___on the
side.” Students must instead attempt to think___29___, guided by a teacher’s careful questioning. This requires a lot of_____30_____and error. Along the way, students learn to_____31_____how failure often leads – inadvertently (无意中) — to new discoveries and inventions.
One such program involves the design and construction of a pinhole (针孔) camera. Students use materials such as an old shoebox and oatmeal container, and must apply concepts from all four STEM_____32_____— science, technology, engineering and mathematics. Despite the apparent_____33_____of the materials provided, the challenge requires knowledge of light and optics (光学), engineering design processes (such as meeting the customer needs), mathematical modeling and scientific experimentation.
The researchers found that learning outcomes were higher for students in science classes that take a student-centered_____34_____. Some of these effects were both significant and sustainable (可持续的). For instance, a_____35_____influence was measured onscores for tests taken 5.5 months after the original instruction. And the results appear to_____36_____to all students — from kindergarten through college.
Learning from mistakes is hardly a(n)_____37_____teaching or life philosophy. A century ago, after live months and more than 9,000 experiments, famed inventor Thomas Edison still wasn’t able to make a new type of storage battery_____38_____, according to a 1910 authorized biography. When a colleague_____39_____all that effort had failed to produce any results, Edison retorted (反驳): “Results! Why, man, I have gotten a lot of_____40_____! I know several thousand things that won’ t work.”
21. A.stretch B.convey C.establish D.cover
22. A.shake B.reach C.throw D.clap
23. A.roar B.yell C.cheer D.crow
24. A.struggled B.failed C.pretended D.managed
25. A.note B.report C.speech D.message
26. A.celebrate B.approve C.support D.avoid
27. A.take B.engage C.enter D.occupy
28. petitor B.trainer C.guide D.partner
29. A.positively B.critically C.personally D.honestly
30. A.intention B.attempt C.judgment D.trial
31. A.appreciate B.enjoy C.value D.observe
32. A.exercises B.regulations C.disciplines D.tests
33. A.rarity B.hardship C.variety D.simplicity
34. A.approach B.access C.test D.chance
35. A.primitive B.predictable C.potential D.positive
36. A.fit B.contribute C.apply D.occur
37. A.new B.unique C.advanced D.unknown
38. A.solve B.move C.work D.promote
39. A.took out B.pointed out C.handed out D.picked out
40. A.inventions B.experiments C.batteries D.results
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Unluckily for my son Joey, he was born with two diseased feet. The doctor said that he would be able to walk with______41.______(treat) but would never run very well. The first three years of his life______42.______(spend) in hospital.
By the time Joey was eight, he could walk as______43.______(normal) as others. Children in our neighborhood always ran around during their play,______44.______Joey would run and play, too.
In the seventh grade, he decided to join the school running team.______45.______(know) that only the top seven runners would be chosen, he trained______46.______(hard) than anyone else. He ran four______47.______five miles every day, even when he had a fever.
One day, I went to see him and found him running alone in the playground. I asked him______48.______he felt. “I’m OK,” he said. He still had two more miles______49.______(run). So he kept running.
Two weeks later, the seven team members were picked out, among_______50._______Joey was number six. Joey’s efforts paid off. I was very proud of him.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：（1）.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
(2).只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

My favorite inventor is Alexander Graham Bell. When he was a small kid, Bell started to show much interest helping deaf people communicate, so his mother was almost entirely deaf. This interest led to his invention of the
microphone. Beside, he also invents the telephone in 1876. However, at the beginning, that he actually tried to design was not a telephone but a multiple telegraph. During his search to improve the telegraph, Bell invented the first telephone. One of his most famous saying is: “Leave the beaten track occasional and dive into the woods. Every time you do so you will be certain to find something which is completely new in your life.” Indeed, what it was his acute curiosity that made his success. Bell was an inventor all his life. He made his first invention at 11 but his last invention at 75.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，2021年7月1日你参加了学校举办的“庆祝建党100周年歌咏比赛”。

请根据下面的写作提示，为学校英语报写一篇报道。

内容包括：
1.前期准备；
2.比赛情况；
3.你的感受。

注意：词数80左右，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：中国共产党the Communist Party of China 周年anniversary 歌咏比赛singing competition
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. C
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A
12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
16. A 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. F
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32.
C 33.
D 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. treatment
42. were spent
43. normally
44. and 45. Knowing
46. harder 47. to
48. how 49. to run
50. whom
51.(1).在interest后加in
(2).so→because
(3).beside→besides
(4).invents→invented
(5).that→what
(6).saying→sayings
(7).occasional→occasionally
(8).which→that
(9).去掉what
(10).but→and
52.略。