2021年高考英语优题训练系列(20)

2021年高考英语优题训练系列（20）
第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A
That summer an army of crickets(蟋蟀) started a war with my father. Dad didn’t care for insects much more than Mamma, but he could tolerate a few living in the basement. Mamma was a city girl and she said a cricket was just too noisy. Then to support her point she wouldn’t go to bed. She drank coffee and smoked my father’s cigarettes and paced between the sofa and the TV. Next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so Dad drove to the store and hurried back. He sprayed poison from a jug. When he was finished he told us that was the end of it.
For a couple of weeks we went back to find dead crickets in the laundry. He suggested that we’d a ll be better off to hide as many as we could from
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Mamma. I fed a few dozen to the cat who I didn’t like because he scratched for no reason.
However, soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. Mamma was upset because she thought they were the dead crickets ing back, but Dad said these were certainly new ones. He fetched his jug of poison and sprayed all over until the whole house smelled of poison, and then he sprayed the basement again.
A couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, Dad emptied the basement of junk. Then he burned a lot of old newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests.
While we ate supper that evening, the wind lifted some flames onto the wood pile. The only gasoline was in the lawn mower’s(割草机) fuel tank but that was enough to create an explosion big enough to reach the house. Once the roof caught, there wasn’t much anyone could do.
After the fire trucks left, Mamma took the others to Aunt Gail’s. I
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helped Dad and Uncle Burt carry things out of the house and pile them by the road. We worked into the night and we didn’t talk much, while all around the noise of crickets broke our silence.
56. What do we know about the author’s mother?
A. She didn’t like insects at all.
B. She liked insects more than his father.
C. She cared for insects very much.
D. She could only tolerate a few insects.
57. The author’s father drove to the store to buy _______.
A. cigarettes for himself
B. some poison
C. more coffee for his wife
D. some gasoline
58. The author’s father burned the old newspapers and magazines because he thought ______.
A. they were no longer useful
B. the crickets were afraid of fires
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C. they became the home of crickets
D. the dead crickets came back to life
59. We learn from the last paragraph that ________.
A. the author’s family lost their battle against the crickets
B. the author’s parents learned to put up with insects
C. the author’s family didn’t suffer much in the fire
D. the author’s parents got divorced
B
Are you single and dreaming of an exciting voyage vacation, but unsure of the next step? You’re not alone! Many single travelers wonder which voyage will have the most singles on boar d, how they’ll meet other singles, how much the voyage will cost and whether they will enjoy themselves.
Our hosted singles voyages are ideal for singles of all ages. No other form of travel affords as many opportunities to meet people and make friends. In fact, our Singles Division can help you find a singles voyage
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on a trip that’s just right for you and make sure you meet many other singles on board.
We’ve scheduled singles voyages on sailings, to all of the world’s greatest destinations. And we’ve selec ted popular itineraries(旅行计划) on large, new ships for different audiences, so you can find one that suits your tastes.
If you’re looking for a roommate to cut costs, our Match Program can pair you with a same-sex single in one stateroom ( on hosted sailings only ), enabling us to offer you the same per-person pricing that couples receive. We guarantee to find you a roommate, whenever you sign-up before the cut-off date. If we don’t, you only need to pay the per-person double-occupancy rate. If you prefer the privacy of your own stateroom, the single supplement rates will apply.
Either way, we’ll provide our own host on board to organize singles cocktail parties, mixers, games, single-mingle dining and more. Once
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you’ve booked your voyage, we’ll also give y ou private access to our singles chat site where you can get to know other singles before you depart.
We expect our staterooms on these sailings will fill quickly, so please book early to avoid disappointment. To get started, click on any singles voyage in the calendar to the left. Hope to see you on board!
Note: If you can’t take advantage of one of our hosted singles voyages but still wish to travel as a single, click here for more information.
60. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. On the singles voyage, you can meet many other singles and make new friends
B. You can take new ships sailing to all of the world’s greatest destinations.
C. Once you book the voyage, you can chat with all the strangers.
D. On the voyage you can enjoy many kinds of activities, such as mixers,
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games, cocktail parties, etc.
61. The text probably es from .
A. a guidebook
B. an ad on newspaper
C. a magazine
D. a website
62. This passage is mainly written for .
A. singles
B. parents
C. travelers
D. singles who want to travel
C
The weather predictions for Asia in 2050 read like a story from a doomsday movie.
Many experts and green groups fear they will e true unless there is a united global effort to hold back greenhouse gas outpouring. In the decades to e, Asia---home to more than half the world’s 63 billion people-will change from one climate extreme to another, with tired farmers
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battling droughts, floods, disease, food shortages and rising sea levels.
“It’s not a pretty picture,” said Steve Sawyer, climate policy adviser with Greenpeace in Amsterdam. Global warming and changes of weather patterns are already occurring and there is more than enough carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to drive climate change for decades to e.
Already, changes are being felt in Asia but worse is likely to e, Sawyer and top climate bodies say, and could lead to mass migration and widespread human disasters. According to predictions, icebergs will melt faster, some Pacific and Indian Ocean islands will have to evacuate or build sea defenses, storms will bee more intense and insect and water-borne diseases will move into new areas as the world warms.
All this es on top of rising populations and earnest demand for food, water and other resources. Experts say environmental worsening such as deforestation and pollution will probably enlarge the results of climate
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change.
In what could be a sign of the future, Japan was hit by a record of 10 typhoons and tropical storms this year, while two-thirds of Bangladesh, parts of Nepal and large areas of northeastern India were flooded, affecting 50 million people, destroying livelihoods and making tens of thousands ill.
The year before, a winter cold struck and a summer heat wave killed more than 2,000 people in India.
63. This passage is mainly about .
A. what kind of weather we like best
B. the weather predictions for Asia in the future and the reasons
C. how to improve our environment
D. that the world will not be suitable for us to live in
64. In the future the Asian farmers will have to face the following except .
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A. food shortages
B. droughts
C. wars
D. floods
65. The underlined word “doomsday” may give us the feeling of .
A. happiness
B. sadness
C. peace
D. excitement
66. Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage?
A. Asian climate will change greatly.
B. Some islands may be flooded in the future.
C. People may meet with some new diseases borne from water.
D. More than 50 million people have been killed in Asia the year before.
D
In a society such as the United States or Canada, which has many national, religious and cultural differences, people highly value individualism--the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not
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memorize all possible basic knowledge. Instead, they work individually and find answers by themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.
In most Asia societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposes rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.
There are advantages and disadvantages of both systems of education. For example, one advantage of the system in Japan is that students there learn much more about math, physics, biology and chemistry than American students by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an
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important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.
The advantage of the educational system in North America, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is, however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.
67. The writer’s purpose of writing thi s passage is .
A. to share his idea with others in a new way
B. to introduce two different systems of education through contrast
C. to criticize the society that values memorization
D. to prepare students for society
68. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The system of education in the West is more creative than that in
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the East
B. Japanese students learn much more about science than American students.
C. Canadian students are more individual than Korean students.
D. Students in North America are not so friendly as those in Asia.
69. From the facts, we can infer that .
A. Asian students are more likely to do better in teamwork than American students
B. Chinese students are more hard-working in their studies than Mexican students
C. the Western educational system is much better than the Eastern educational system.
D. the Eastern educational system is as difficult as the Western educational system.
70. What is the best title for the passage?
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A. Advantages and Disadvantages of Educational System.
B. The Value of Individualism.
C. Educational System-an Obvious Difference between the East and the West.
D. Memorization-an Important Learning Method.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

In the 60s, people asked about your astrological (about star) sign. In the 90s, they want to know your website. 71 Your website is an electronic meeting place for your family, friends and potentially, millions of people around the world. Best of all, you may not have to spend a cent. The Web is filled with all kinds of free services and all it takes is some time and creativity.
72 Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page
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is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, depending on how you design it.
While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most use a traditional magazine layout（版面设计）.At the top of the page is a banner(横幅). Next es a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, text, and links to other websites follow.
73 Think about whom the site is for and what you want to say. Next, gather up the material that you want to put on the site.
While there are no rules you have to follow, there are a few things to keep in mind: 74 If you are too much at the beginning, you may never get the site off the ground. You can always add something to your site.
Less is better. Most people don’t like to read a lot of text online.
75
Smaller is better. Since it can take a long time to download large image files, keep the file sizes small.
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Have the rights. Don’t put any material on your site unless you are sure you can do it legally. Learn the Net’s Copyright Article for more about this.
Now it’s time to roll up your sleeves and start building
A. Start simply.
B. Break it into small pieces.
C. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper.
D. Many websites are considered very interesting.
E. Before you start building your site, do some planning.
F. Think of your home page as the starting point of your website.
G. These days, having a web address is almost as important as a street address.
第二部分阅读理解（共25小题。

第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题后所给的四个选项（A、 B、 C和D）中，选出
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最佳选项。

A
An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond．The concept is simple: help to build a sense of munity in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time．In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to municate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools．The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched （发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in xx．Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong．In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago"
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program．As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city．Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character．
The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population．This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity can be achieved．Or it may show that New Yorkers missed the point, putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself．
Nancy points out that the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process．or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word．
41．What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?
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A．To encourage people to read and share．
B．To invite authors to guide readers．
C．To involve people in munity service．
D．To promote the friendship between cities．
42．Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?
A．They had little interest in reading．
B．They were too busy to read a book．
C．They lacked support from the local government．
D．They came from many different backgrounds．
43．The underlined words “shared a word” in Paragraph 5 probably mean _______．
A．discussed the meaning of a word B．exchanged ideas with each other
C．gained life experience D．used the
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same language
44．According to Nancy, the degree of success of the project is judged by _______．
A．the careful selection of a proper book
B．the growing popularity of the writers
C．the number of books that each person reads．
D．the number of people who benefit from reading．
B
The teacher who did the most to encourage me was, as it happened, my aunt．She was Myrtle C．Manigault, the wife of my mother’s brother Bill．She taught in second grade at all-black Summer School in Camden, New Jersey．During my childhood and youth, Aunt Myrtle encouraged me to develop every aspect of my potential, without regard for what was considered practical or possible for black females．I liked to sing; she listened to my voice and pronounced it good．I couldn’t dance; she taught me the
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basic dancing steps．She took me to the theatre —not just children’s theatre but adult edies and dramas —and her faith that I could appreciate adult plays was not disappointed．
My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me．I had books at home, but they were all serious classics．Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I’ll never forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis’s Archy & Mehitabel through her．Most important, perhaps, Aunt Myrtle provided my first opportunity to write for publication．A writer herself for one of the black newspapers, she suggested my name to the editor as a “youth columnist”．My column, begun when I was fourteen, was supposed to cover teenage social activities — and it did — but it also gave me the freedom to write on many other subjects as well as the habit of gathering material, the discipline of meeting deadlines, and, after graduation from college six years later, a solid collection of published material that carried my name and was my
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passport to a series of writing jobs．
Today Aunt Myrtle is still an enthusiastic supporter of her “favorite niece”．Like a diamond, she has reflected a bright, multifaceted （多面的） image of possibilities to every pupil who has crossed her path．45．Which of the following did Aunt Myrtle do to the author during her childhood and youth?
A．She lent her some serious classics．B．She developed her taste for music．
C．She introduced her to adult plays．D．She discovered her talent for dancing．
46．What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?
A．A writer of high fame．B．A book of great fun．
C．A serious masterpiece．D． A heartbreaking play．
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47．Aunt Myrtle remended the author to a newspaper editor mainly to ______．A．give her a chance to collect material B．develop her capabilities for writing
C．involve her in teenage social activities D．offer her a series of writing jobs
48．We can conclude from the passage that Aunt Myrtle was a teacher who _______．
A．gave pupils confidence in developing their potential
B．l trained pupils to be diligent and well-disciplined
C．emphasized what was practical or possible for pupils．
D．helped pupils overe difficulties in learning
C
People in Mutsuhito, Japan, lived through one hundreds, and sometimes thousands, a day．But they couldn’t get used to it．
What was it? It was a string of earthquakes that made the small town
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shake all the time．This went on for more than a year．Sometimes the quakes were very small．Only certain instruments could pick them up．At other times, the quakes damaged houses and land．The people were always afraid．They wished they knew how to stop the ground from shaking．People all over the world would like to know when an earthquake is ing．But an earthquake is almost always a surprise．Under the surface of the Earth, huge blocks of rock drift apart or slide against each other．The ground above splits apart or rumbles and shakes．
Some scientists hope to predict quakes by keeping a close watch on animals．It seems that some animals can sense an earthquake ing．In 1969, animals in a Chinese zoo began to act funny one day．Swans flew out of their pond．A panda sat down, covered its eyes with its paws, and groaned．The animals seemed to know that something was about to happen．And it did．An earthquake struck．What was it that the animals sensed? Scientists are trying to find out．
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Keeping close track of the Earth’s magnetic force in earthquake areas may also help．A few years ago, in Hollister, CA, scientists kept a record of the area’s magnetic pull．For one week, the force grew stronger．Then it weakened suddenly．A day later, an earthquake struck．It may bee possible to know when and where an earthquake will happen．But it will be much harder to stop one from happening．Many scientists think that the Earth’s covering is not smooth．They say the earth’s “skin” is made up of huge puzzle pieces called plates．Land and ocean floors make up these huge plates．Under the Earth’s crust （外壳）, or plates, is hot rock．The plates float on top of this rock．Sometimes the rock forces its way through the crust．What happens then? A volcano is born! More often, the rock moves and forces the plates to pull away from each other, causing earthquakes to happen．（Volcanoes and earthquakes often go together．）
Sometimes, the plates end up on top of each other．When this happens,
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the land above may look strange．Seen from the air, there seems to be a long scar in the Earth．This is called a fault （断层）．The areas along faults have more earthquakes than other parts of the Earth．For now, we’ll just have to shake along with the Earth．It goes through millions of small earthquakes every year．With luck, you won’t feel a thing!
49．In order to predict earthquakes, scientists can ______．Which is wrong according to this passage?
A．keep a close watch on animals
B．keep close track of the Earth’s magnetic force in earthquake areas C．keep inventing instruments to pick up every earthquake
D．keep a record of earthquake area’s magnetic pull of force 50．When the rock forces its way through the Earth’s crust, ______．A．a volcano is born B．an earthquake happens
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C．a fault forms D．the Earth’s covering bees smooth
51．How does a fault form?
A．When California rests on two separate plates．
B．When the plates end up on top of each other．
C．Before an earthquake happens．
D．After volcano es．
D
Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose it, but it is also true that we do not know what we have been missing until it arrives．
It takes an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone, but it takes a lifetime to forget someone．Giving someone all your love is never an assurance that they will love you back．Do not expect love in return; but if it does not, be content it has grown in yours．Do not rely on one’s
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appearance; it can trick you．Do not rely on wealth; even that fades away．Rely on someone who makes you smile, because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright．
There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them．Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do．The brightest future will always be based on a forgotten past．You cannot go on well in life until you let your past failures and heartaches go off．May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough trails to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human, enough hope to make you happy．The happiest of people do not necessarily have the best of everything; they just make the most of everything that es along their way．Happiness waits for those who cry, those appreciate the importance of people who have touched their lives．Always put yourself in others’
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shoes．If you feel that it hurts you, it probably hurts the other person, too．
When you were born, you were crying and everyone around you was smiling．Live your life so that when you die, you are the one who is smiling and everyone around you is crying．
52．In this passage, the writer wants to tell us ______．A．what to do in our life B．where to go with other persons C．how to get on well with other persons D．how to treat our life
53．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．We often don’t know what we have lost until it es someday．
B．If you give someone your love, you are sure to receive love in return．C．It is wise not to rely on anybody because you are likely to be deceived．
D．If it takes you a short time to love someone, you will easily forget
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the person．
54．If you put yourself in another person’s position, ______．A．you should put on other people’s shoes B．you shouldn’t do what will hurt other people
C．you should believe in other people D．you should depend on your imagination
55．In the last paragraph the writer is actually telling us that a person in the world should be one who ______．
A．can accept the suggestions made by others
B．can live happily and forget the past
C．has made a lot of money for himself before he dies
D．does good for other people and is respected and loved by them
E
The speaker, a teacher from a munity college, addressed a sympathetic （赞同的） audience．Heads nodded in a greement when he said, “High school
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English teachers are not doing their jobs．” He described the inadequacies of his students, all high school graduates who can use language only at a grade 9 level．I was unable to determine from his answers to my questions how this grade 9 level had been established．
My topic is not standards nor its decline．What the speaker was really saying is that he is no longer young; he has been teaching for sixteen years, and is able to think and speak like a mature adult．My point is that the frequent plaint of one generation about the one immediately following it is inevitable．It is also human nature to look for the reasons for our dissatisfaction．Before English became a school subject in the late nineteenth century, it was difficult to find the target of the blame for language deficiencies （缺陷）．But since then, English teachers have been under constant attack．
The plainers think they have hit upon an original idea．As their own mand of the language improves, they notice that young people do not have
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this same ability．Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect．To the eyes and ears of sensitive adults, the language of the young always seems inadequate．
Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived（察觉） as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar（特有的）to today’s young people, it naturally follows that today’s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs．Otherwise, young people would not mit offenses against the language．56．The speaker the author mentioned in the passage believed that ________．A．the language of the younger generation is usually inferior （差的） to that of the older generation
B．the students had a poor mand of English because they didn’t work hard enough
C．English teachers should be held responsible for the students’ poor
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mand of English
D．he was an excellent language teacher because he had been teaching English for sixteen years
57．In the author’s opinion, the speaker _______．
A．had exaggerated （夸大） the language problems of the students B．gave a correct judgment of the English level of the students
C．was right in saying that English teachers were not doing their jobs D．could think and speak intelligently
58．The author’s attitude towards the speaker’s remarks is _______．A．neutral B．positive C．promising D．critical 59．It can be concluded from the passage that ________．
A．it is justifiable （有理由的） to include English as a school subject B．the author disagrees with the speaker over the standard of English at Grade 9 level
C．language improvement needs time and effort
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