湖南省湘潭市湘机中学高一英语下学期期末试题含部分解析

湖南省湘潭市湘机中学高一英语下学期期末试题含解析
一、选择题
1. In the meeting, the professor expressed his thanks for the aid he _________ from his students.
A. received
B. was received
C. have received
D. had received
参考答案：
D
2. Our headmaster plans to have his daughter ______at the best school of this city.
A. educating
B. to educate
C. being educated
D. educated
参考答案：
D
3. When he came to life, he found himself ________ to hospital.
A. sent
B. being sent
C. having sent
D. to send
参考答案：
A
4. As the end of the game grew nearer, the crowd's e________ increased.
参考答案：
excitement
5. ----Jim is always saying I’m ugly, Mom.
---Just _____ him, You are the most beautiful in my eyes.
A. ignore
B. leave
C. refuse
D. miss
参考答案：
A
6. --Does your wife like tea?
--well, she doesn’t really ______ tea, she likes coffee better.
A. care for
B. care
C. care about
D. care of
参考答案：
A
略
7. I dropped my keys in the grass, but luckily Kate _______ them.
A. wept
B. spotted
C. removed
D. gathered
参考答案：B
略
8. I wanted to know he was late for school again．
A．how B．where C．why D．what
参考答案：
C
9. Iraq __________ too many wars since 1990, making his people __________ a lot.
A. gone through; suffer
B. has gone through; suffered
C. has gone through; suffer
D. got through; suffer
参考答案：
C
试题分析：动词短语辨析。

Get through完成；度过，熬过；用完；suffer from…患…病；suffer…遭受；句意：自从1990年以来伊拉克经历了多次战争，让伊拉克人们遭受了很多的苦难。

根据句意说明C 正确。

【名师点评】在高中的学习中平时要多积累固定搭配的用法，考试时只能凭借记忆力来答题，尤其是单项选择很难推出某个搭配的意思，所以平时的积累记忆是尤其重要的。

学生可以将常考的全部积累在一起，通过反复的复习，从而达到永久的记忆下来。

10. Our school tries to treat students as individuals and to help each one to achieve their full
___________.
A. benchmark
B. potential
C. communication
D. determination
参考答案：
B
11. Nobody but herself was able to tell _________ the gold ring.
A. where Alice had put
B. where had Alice put
C. where Alice has put
D. where has Alice put
参考答案：
A
12. The high-handed(高压的)way in which Washington dropped the idea on its Western partners
_______ some unfriendly reaction it has received.
A. results from
B. brings in
C. accounts for
D. makes for
参考答案：
C
略
13. It was ______that thousands of people watched it.
A. such an exciting game
B. a very exciting game
C. too excited a game
D. so an excited game
参考答案：
A
14. All of the guests had arrived by 9 o'clock，but the host didn't ________ until 15 minutes later. A．turn down B．turn in C．turn up D．turn out
参考答案：
C
15. It was along the Mississippi River____________Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. where
参考答案：
C
试题分析：考查强调句型。

强调句型的基本结构为It is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其它成分；其最大的特点就是去掉it is/was…that/who…句子仍然成立。

要注意强调句型能强调除谓语动词以外的所有句子成分。

在考查的时候，经常会把强调句型和定语从句结合在一起考查，要注意分析句子的成分。

本题中强调的是介词短语along the Mississippi River；句意：就是在密西西比河边，马克吐温度过了他童年的大部分时光。

故C正确。

【名师点评】能够准确把握句子结构是关键。

随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it，be，
that/who这一框架结构。

结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：强调句型的一般疑问句形式。

一. 句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ that…；二、结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。

句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that…？三、强调句型的反意疑问句形式。

句式特征为：It
is/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t / wasn’t it？四、强调句型的感叹句形式。

句式特征为：what/ how … it is (that) +主语+谓语！
考点：考查强调句型
二、短文改错
16. 假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When the accident was happened, I was standing near a bus stop. There I saw an old lady waiting a bus with her umbrella. The bus soon arrived. There were too many passengers hurried to get on it that the old lady couldn’t get on. A driver closed the door without looking careful and drove away. Unluckily, the old lady’s umbrella was caught by the door. He shouted to the driver but he didn’t hear. The bus pulled her along the road. Finally, she fall to the ground. Several minutes late, the ambulance came and took her to hospital. I thought it was the driver should be responsible for the accident.
参考答案：
When the accident was happened, I was standing near a bus stop. There I saw an old lady 去掉
waiting∧ a bus with her umbrella. The bus soon arrived. There were too many passengers hurried
for so hurrying
to get on it that the old lady couldn’t get on. A driver closed the door without looking careful and
The carefully
drove away. Unluckily, the old lady’s umbrella was caught by the door. He shouted to the driver but
She
he didn’t hear. The bus pulled her along the road. Finally, she fall to the ground. Several minutes
fell
late, the ambulance came and took her to hospital. I thought it was the driver ∧should be
later that或who
responsible for the accident.
事故发生，不能用被动，happen 无被动。

等车应该为wait for a bus
There were too many passengers hurried to get on it that the old lady couldn’t get on.此句考查so…that句型，所以，too 不对。

There were too many passengers hurried to get on it此句中passengers 与hurry to get on it之间为主动关系，所以用doing。

A driver closed the door without looking careful and drove away.此句中的driver特指这辆车的司机，所以不能用a。

A driver closed the door without looking careful and drove away.此句中司机没有仔细看，修饰look应该用副词carefully。

He shouted to the driver but he didn’t hear.此句表示哪位老妇人对司机喊叫，所以人称错了。

Finally, she fall to the ground.此句时态错误。

根据前后文此句应该用过去式。

几分钟之后，应该用Several minutes later,而不用late，late表示晚的，迟到的。

I thought it was the driver should be responsible for the accident.此句为强调句型，所以要加上that/who.
17. She admires Kate of her success in business and study.
参考答案：
of →for
三、阅读理解
18. Lill was a young French Canadian girl who grew up in the farming community. At the age of 16, her father thought that she had enough schooling and forced her to drop out of school to contribute to the family income. In 1922, with limited education and skills, the future didn't look bright for Lill. Her father demanded that Lill find a job as soon as possible, but she didn't have the confidence to ask for a job.
One day, Lill gathered her courage and knocked on her very first door. She was met by Margaret Costello, the office manager. In her broken English, Lill told her she was interested in the secretarial position. Margaret decided to give her a chance.
Margaret sat her down at a typewriter and said, “Lill, let's see how good you really are.” She directed Lill to type a single letter, and then left. Lill looked at the clock and saw that it was 11:40 a.m. Everyone would be leaving for lunch at noon. She thought she should at least attempt the letter.
On her first try, she got through one line but made four mistakes. She pulled the paper out and threw it away. The clock now read 11:45. “At noon,” she said to herself, “I'll move out with the crowd, and they will never see me again.”
On her second attempt, things didn't get any better. Again the started over and finally completed the letter, full of mistakes, though. She looked at the clock: 11:55 —five minutes to freedom.
Just then, Margaret walked in. She came directly over to Lill, and put one hand on the desk and the other on the girl's shoulder. She read the letter and paused. Then she said, “Lill, you're doing good work!”
Lill was surprised. She looked at the letter, then up at Margaret. With those simple words of encouragement, her desire to escape disappeared and her confidence began to grow. She thought, “Well, if she thinks it's good, then it must be good. I think I'll stay!”
Lill did stay at Carhartt Overall Company…for 51 years, through two world wars and 11 presidents—all because someone had the insight to give a shy and uncertain young girl the gift of self-confidence when she knocked on the door.
56. Why did Lill leave school at an early age?
A. To learn English well.
B. To get self-confidence.
C. To earn money for her family.
D. To become a typist.
57. When Lill applied for(申请) the job, she ________.
A. could speak good English
B. didn't know much about typing
C. knew Margaret very well
D. never wrote any letter
58. Who does the underlined word “someone” in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Lill's father.
B. Lill herself
C. A president.
D. Margaret.
59. What can we learn from Lill's story?
A. Encouragement makes a difference.
B. Honesty is the best policy.
C. Money is not everything.
D. Time waits for no man.
参考答案：
CBDA
19. According to the Associated Press (AP), a Chinese scientist claims he successfully created the world’s first genetically-edited babies.
Chinese researcher He Jiankui, a research professor at China’s Southern University of Science an d Technology in Shenzhen, said he had edited DNA of twin girls born a few weeks ago. ①He’s claims were immediately criticized by some scientists as unsafe and unethical. This kind of gene editing is forbidden in the United States and many other countries. ②Such changes to a person’s DNA can pass to future generations and risk harming other genes.
In interviews, He Jiankui defended his work. He said he had performed the gene editing to help protect the babies from future infection of HIV, the virus responsible for the disease AIDS. He said the process had “worked safely” and the twin girls were “as healthy as any other babies.” He told the AP he felt a strong responsibility “not just to make a first, but also to make an example” for future research. “Society will decide what to do next,” he said.
When He’s claims became public, the university made a statement saying his work had “seriously went against academic ethics and standards.” University officials said they had no knowledge of his research and had looked into the case. ③
China’s National Health Commission was “highly concerned” about the claims and ordered local health officials “to immediately look into” He’s activity. “We have to be responsible for the people’s health and will act on this according to the law,” the commission said.
Scientists discovered in recent years a new way to edit genes that make up a person’s DNA throughout the body. The tool, called CRISPR-cas9, makes it possible to change DNA to supply a needed gene or take one away that is causing problems. So far the tool has only been used on adults to treat deadly diseases, and the
changes only affected that person.
④Kiran Musunuru, a scientist from University of Pennsylvania, told the AP that if such an experiment had been carried out on human beings, it could not be “morally or ethically reasonable.” Julian Savulescu, a medical ethics expert at Britain’s University of Oxford, agreed. “If true, this experiment may cause disasters,” he told Reuters.
However, one well-known geneticist, Harv ard University’s George Church, defended the attempt to edit genes to prevent infections of HIV. He told the AP that since HIV is “a major and growing public health threat” he finds such experiments “valuable.”
38. What can we learn from this passage?
A. A ll scientists consider He’s experiment unsafe and unethical.
B. The university He works in supports his experiment.
C. Many countries don’t allow editing babies genetically.
D. China’s National Health Commission thinks highly of He’s experiment.
39. The fo llowing sentence “However, many scientists believe such experiment is dangerous.” can be placed in __________.
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
40. What’s the author’s attitude towards He Jiankui’s research?
A. Supportive.
B. Uninterested.
C. Doubtful.
D. Neutral.
41. What might be the best title of this passage?
A. Chinese Scientist Claims First Gene Edited Babies
B. Chinese Scientist Finds A New Cure For AIDS
C. Gene Editing Still Has A Long Way To Go
D. China Takes The Lead In Gene Editing
参考答案：
38. C 39. A 40. D 41. A
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。

这篇文章主要讲了据美联社报道，一名中国科学家声称他成功地创造了世界上第一个经过基因编辑的婴儿。

【38题详解】
细节理解题。

答案定位在第三段This kind of gene editing is forbidden in the United States and many other countries.（这种基因编辑在美国和其他许多国家是被禁止的。

）故选C。

【39题详解】推理判断题。

下一段He’s claims were immediately criticized by some scientists as unsafe and unethical. This kind of gene editing is forbidden in the United States and many other countries.说他的说法立即被一些科学家批评为不安全和不道德的。

这种基因编辑在美国和其他许多国家是被禁止的。

上文一定会说“然而，许多科学家认为这样的实验是危险的”，故选A。

【40题详解】
推理判断题。

作者只是如实说出社会各界对贺建奎基因编辑婴儿的看法，所以作者对于贺建奎的研究持中立态度，故选D。

【41题详解】
主旨大意题。

第一段According to the Associated Press (AP), a Chinese scientist claims he successfully created the world’s first genetically-edited babies.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了据美联社报道，一名中国科学家声称他成功地创造了世界上第一个经过基因编辑的婴儿，故选A。

【点睛】根据段落所提供的关键词是解决推理判断题的重要方法之一。

关键词隐含着作者要表达的深层含义。

由第三段第三段This kind of gene editing is forbidden in the United States and many other countries.可知这种基因编辑在美国和其他许多国家是被禁止的。

其中forbidden是关键词，与C选项中don’t allow意思相近，故小题3的正确答案为C选项。