浙江科技学院专业英语

1HVAC&R 暖通空调制冷（heating, ventilating, air conditioning and refrigeration ）Ventilate vt.使通风, 通风；公开; 公开讨论refrigeration 制冷;冷藏;冷冻
2 Costs are coming down for a variety of reasons, including greater competition resulting from open protocols and the evolution of distributed systems, lower cost computing, and easier-to-use software configuration tools.成本正在下降的原因有多种，包括更大的竞争开放的协议和分布式系统的演变，更低的成本计算，和更容易使用的软件配置工具。

Protocol （数据传递的）协议software configuration tools 软件组态工具
3 The key to realizing the potential for computerized control in buildings has been to reduce installed costs. Early EMCS were very centralized and had exceedingly high wiring and software programming costs.实现电脑控制建筑的潜力，关键是要减少安装成本。

早期的EMCS非常集中，有非常高的接线和软件编程成本。

4 MEMS sensors are low cost when manufactured in large volumes, small and lightweight, and can have good accuracy and resistance to long term drift. MEMS传感器是在大批量制造，体积小，重量轻，成本低，并且可以具有良好的精度和耐长期漂移。

5 The costs of field installation for monitoring and control systems are a major part of total system costs and are due to wiring of individual components, sensor installation, and software implementation.用于监测和控制系统的现场安装成本是系统的总成本的一个主要部分，由于布线的各个组件，传感器的安装，和软件实施。

6 There are a variety of wireless approaches that could ultimately be widely applied for monitoring and control in buildings because of reduced installation costs.有很多种的无线方法，可最终被广泛应用于建筑物中用于监测和控制的，因为降低了安装成本。

27 R. M. S. (Effective) Values of Current and Voltage RMS（有效）的电流值和电压
root mean square values 均方根值
8 The heat due to a current in a resistance over a period is also proportional to the square of that current. 一段时期的电阻中的电流由于热也是该电流的平方成正比。

square[skweə] adj. 平方的；正方形的；直角的；正直的vt. 使成方形；与…一致n. 平方；广场；正方形adv. 成直角地
9 Representation of Sinusoidal Time Functions by Vectors and Complex Number
10 Addition of Sinusoidal Time functions此外正弦时间函数
11 Now assume that the vectors begin to rotate about the origin of coordinates at t=0, doing so with a constant angular velocity in the counter-clockwise direction现在，假设向量开始绕坐标原点在t = 0，这样做在反时针方向以恒定角速度
counter ['kaʊntə]n. 计数器，计算器；柜台；计算者adv. 相反地v. 反击；反对adj. 相反的
12 Unit 4 Analysis of Sinusoidal of Current and Voltage分析正弦电流和电压
root mean square values 均方根值 effective value 有效值
sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数 complex number 复数 vector 向量
13 clockwise adj.顺时针方向的 counter-clockwise 逆时针方向
vectors of voltage电压向量 vector diagram 向量图 complex plane复平面
absolute value 绝对值
14 modulus n.系数,模数 complex peak value 复数幅值
complex time function 复数时间函数 real part 实部 imaginary part 虚部
addition of sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数的加法
15 analytical solution 解析法 origin of coordinate 坐标原点
constant angular velocity 恒定角速度 rotating vector 旋转变量
instantaneous value 瞬时值 epoch angle 初相角 phase displacement 相位差
316 Fig 1. Total Solution Provider of Intelligent Building System图1。

智能建筑系统的整体解决方案提供商
biometric security 生物识别安全系统 biometric adj.生物计量的 n. 计量生物学 employee time management system 员工的时间管理系统
17 watchman tour system 巡更系统 wireless local area network 无线局域网
optical fiber network 光纤网络 structured cabling 结构化布线
CCTV system （Closed Circuit Tele Vision ）闭路电视监视系统
18 The efficiency of existing buildings can be improved by effective insulation, the use of passive heating and cooling systems, and other energy-saving devices. 现有建筑物的效率可以提高保温效果好，使用被动加热和冷却系统和其他节能设备。

ventilation n.空气流通；通风设备;通风方法 insulation n.隔离, 隔绝
19 Working in a similar way, bundles of fiber-optic cables can channel sunlight from the roof of a building to the floors below.
以类似的方式工作，成捆的光纤电缆通道的阳光从屋顶上的建筑物的地板下面。

fiber-optic cable 光缆 incident 入射的 fluorescent adj.荧光的, 发荧光的
radio-frequency 射频,无线电频率 illumination n.照明;强度
如何减少照明所用能源？
420 Many types of automatic control systems have appeared during the twentieth century based on electronic, mechanical, hydraulic and fluidic principles
许多类型的自动化控制系统已经出现在二十世纪电子，机械，液压，流体的原则的基础上 hydraulic液压的 fluidic流体的
21 The twentieth century saw the arrival of the electromechanical computers, which were developed for some special military tasks such as code-breaking and gun-aiming. 在二十世纪里机电计算机的到来，
，开发了一些特殊的军事任务，如密码破译和枪瞄准。

electromechanical [电][机] 电动机械的，[机] 机电的 military 军事的；
code-breaking:密码破解 gun-aiming：枪支瞄准机电式计算机的用途？
22 At the heart of any microcomputer is a Central Processing Unit or CPU，implemented on a silicon chip.
在任何微型计算机的心脏是一个中央处理单元或CPU，在硅芯片上实现。

23 Using a microcomputer involves programming skill as well as more conventional electronic and mechanical design techniques
使用微机涉及编程技巧，以及更传统的电子和机械设计技术
programming skill：编程技巧使用计算机懂得哪些技术？
24 The use of standard components also offers the possibility of standard test
fixtures for use in fault diagnosis.
使用标准组件还提供了在故障诊断中使用的标准测试夹具的可能性。

fixture设备；固定装置；固定于某处不大可能移动之物
standard test fixtures: 标准测试设备 fault diagnosis [计] 故障诊断微机部件生产标准化的好处？
25 In many applications, for example those which have mechanical interfaces, this is not important because the speed of response is limited by external factors rather than the speed of the microcomputer itself.
在许多应用中，例如那些有机械接口，这是不重要的，因为响应速度是由外部因素，而不是速度的微型计算机本身的限制。

mechanical interface [自] 机械接口 external factors 外部因素微机逻辑慢的缺点，该如何解决呢？
26 Conventional fault-finding techniques and instruments such as oscilloscopes are frequently useless in such
cases but fortunately some methods for locating and identifying faults have been developed.在这样的传统的吹毛求疵技术和仪器如示波器往往是无用的
已开发的案件，但幸运的是定位和识别故障的一些方法（oscilloscope [ə'sɪləskəʊp] n. [电子] 示波器；示波镜）
527 Unite 1 Circuit Elements and Parameters
circuit components 电路元件 circuit parameters 电路参数
Primary cell原生电池 Energy converter电能转换器Conductor导体
Generator发电机 Direct-current circuit直流电路 Time-invariant 时不变的
Storage battery蓄电池 Wire导线Electromotive force电动势 e.m.f
Circuit diagram 电路图 Load characteristic负载特性
Terminal voltage端电压 Load resistance负载电阻 Voltage drop电压降
External characteristic外特性
28 An electric circuit is an interconnection of physical electrical devices. The purpose of electric circuits is to distribute and convert energy into some other forms的电路是物理的电气设备的互连。

电路的目的是分配和转换成其他形式的能量
elecitric circuit physical? 什么是电路？电路的作用？
29 Power is just the rate of energy input or conversion，that is，the quantity of energy generated，delivered，transmitted，etc. per unit time.
电源是只是能量输入或转换率，即，产生的能量的数量，交付，发送等每单位时间的。

630 The style and feature of design of the new building of Science Hall are introduced in aspects of architecture, structure, water supply and discharge, air-conditioning and weak electricity in this article.
科学会堂新楼的设计方面的建筑，结构，水的供应和排放，空调，弱电在这篇文章中介绍的风格和特点。

architecture 建筑学structure 结构，建筑式样
water supply and discharge 给排水air-conditioning 暖通（空调）
weak electricity 弱电
31 句子结构 The style and feature of design of the new building of Science Hall are introduced in aspects of architecture, structure, water supply and discharge, air-conditioning and weak electricity in this article.
这篇文章从建筑、结构、给排水、暖通(空调)、弱电等方面介绍了科学会堂新楼的设计
风格和设计特色。

732 ideal source 理想电源 ideal voltage source 理想电压源
ideal current source 理想电流源
series and parallel equivalent circuit 串并联等值电路
internal resistance 内阻
33二极管diode 晶体管transistor 继电器relay 发光二极管Outshine diode
Active circuit elements 有源电路元件集成电路integrated circuit elementary circuit 基本电路 potential adj.潜在的, 有可能的n.电位；电势；电压
34Consider an elementary circuit containing a single source of e. m.
f. E and of internal resistance Rs , and a single load R (Fi
g. 2.
1).考虑一个基本的电路包含一个单源电子。

米。

F。

E和内部电阻Rs，和
一个单一的负载R（图21）。

35 The resistance of the conductors of this type of circuit
may be neglected. In the external portion of the circuit that is in the load R, the current is assumed to flow from
the junction a (which is at a higher potential )to the junction b (which is at a lower potential).
这种类型的电路的导体的电阻可以忽略不计。

在外部的部分的电路，该电路是在负载R，流被假定流从的交界处的（这是在具有更高的电势）的结b（这是在一个较低的电势）。

36 Therefore，in an equivalent circuit diagram the source resistance Rs may be
shown connected in series with R. This configuration may be called the series equivalent circuit.
因此，在一个等效电路图的源电阻Rs可以连接的一系列与R.此配置可能是所谓的串联等效电路所示。

37 Thus whether a real energy source may be represented by an ideal voltage source
or an ideal current source depends on the relative magnitude of Rs and R. A real source, though, may be represented by an ideal voltage or current source also when Rs is comparable with R.
因此，一个真正的能源是否可以代表一个理想的电压源或理想电流源的相对大小取决于R和R.的真正根源，但是，可能会代表一个理想的电压或电流源也当Rs相媲美与R.
38 It is obvious that the receiving end voltage will be less than the sending end one by an amount equal to the voltage drop across the resistance of the line conductors.
这是显而易见的，在接收端的电压将小于发送端1由线导体的电阻两端的电压降的量等于
A is lower than
B by an amount equal to
C A比B低C个数值
839 Logic Circuits
While all of these systems can be built up using only a few basic,simple
building-block circuits called gates, many systems and subsystems are now being produced in single integrated circuits of the large-scale (LSI) and very large scale (VLSI) types, each of which may contain many thousands of the simple gate circuits.
虽然所有这些系统中，可以使用只有几个基本的，简单的建筑块称为门电路建立，许多系统和子系统现在正在生产的单一集成电路的大规模（LSI）和超大规模（VLSI）类型，其中每一个可包含成千上万的简单的门电路。

While?
diode [电子] 二极管 transistor: 三极管
40 This lesson presents the basic logic gate circuits which serve as the building blocks for more complex systems and shows how electronic devices such as diodes and transistors can be used to realize these gate circuits.
这节课提出的基本的逻辑门电路，其中作为更复杂的系统，并显示如何可以用来实现这些门电路的电子装置，例如二极管和晶体管的积木。

building blocks 积木，建筑模块
41 In the binary system，the two states arerepresented by the two logic symbols
0 or 1.
A logic variable is simply the logic condition at a certain point in a logic circuit.
在二进制系统中，这两个状态arerepresented由两个逻辑符号0或1。

一个逻辑变量是简单的逻辑电路中的某一点的逻辑条件。

logic symbol 逻辑符号 logic variable 逻辑变量 logic condition 逻辑状态42 A truth table is a list of all of the possible input variable state combinations of a circuit listed in binary-sequential order with the corresponding output state for each combination listed in an adjacent column.
甲真值表是所有可能的输入变量的状态的组合在二进制的顺序列出的电路与对应的输出状态，在相邻的列中列出的每一种组合的列表。

truth table:真值表? adjacent column：邻近的列
binary-sequential order :二进制顺序
43 The truth table is used as the beginning point in designing or analyzing a logic circuit. It is made up either from the problem specifications or by sequential testing of an assemble circuit.
作为开始点，在设计或分析的逻辑电路的真值表。

它是由从问题规格或汇编电路通过顺序测试。

sequential test 序贯试验；顺序检测assemble circuit: 集成电路
真值表如何建立？
44 The NOR gate may be used to perform the logic OR function by passing its output through
an inverter to reinvent it.
NOR门可用于执行的逻辑OR（或）功能，通过它的输出通过
逆变器重新塑造它。

inverter [ɪn'vɜːtə]n. 换流器，[电子] 反相器；倒转者
reinvent [,ri:in'vent] 报错 vt. 重新使用；彻底改造；重复发明
如何通过“或非门”实现“或门”？
45 logic circuit 逻辑电路 building-block circuit 积木式结构电路
subsystem 子系统 digital circuit 数字电路 microcomputer 微机integrated circuit of the large-scale 大规模集成电路
very large-scale types 超大规模集成电路
logic gate circuit 逻辑门电路 digital computer circuit数字计算机电路digital logic 数字逻辑 computational arithmetic 算数运算
decimal system 十进制 arabic number 阿拉伯数字
chance variable 随机变量 dependent variable 因变量
independent variable 自变量binary 二进制 mulltiple-state 多态
binary combination 二进制数组 decimal number 十进制数
logic symbol 逻辑符号 logic variable 逻辑变量
logic condition 逻辑状态output lead 输出端input lead 输入端
binary-sequential order 二进制次序 truth table 真值表
assembled circuit 集成电路terminology 术语
simple algebra 初等代数algebraic equation 代数方程
logic NOT function 逻辑非函数universal gate 全能门
logic OR function 逻辑或函数Boolean equation 布尔方程
logic AND function 逻辑与电路diode and transistor 二极管和晶体管
logic NOT function 逻辑非电路computational arithmetic 算数运算
logic NOR function 逻辑或非电路an assembled circuit 集成电路。