高中英语 Unit 7 The Sea Period Four课堂讲义 北师大版必修3

Period Four Lesson 4 Sea Stories
Ⅰ.单词检测
1．horrible adj.可怕的；令人厌恶的
2．terrify vt.令人感到恐惧
terror n．恐怖
3．escape vi.逃脱，逃跑
4．soul n．灵魂
5．survive vi.幸存，生存下来
6．recover vi.恢复正常；康复
7．scream vi.(因恐惧、疼痛、兴奋等)尖声大叫
8．sink vi.下沉；沉没
9．unable adj.不能的，不会的
10．recognise vt.辨认出
11．opposite n．对立的人(物)；反义词
12．leak vi.泄漏；渗漏
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．make sense有意义，讲得通
2．on the edge of在……的边沿，濒临……
3．at great speed以很快的速度
4．go down下去；(船等)下沉
5．all at once忽然，一下子
6．in the direction of朝……方向
7．bring...to a conclusion结束……
8．pick up取，接载
1．One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full
of fish.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海岛返回，船上载满了鱼。

2．It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white. 就在不到一天的时间里，我的头发由黑变白。

3．As you can see，I did escape.
如你所见，我的确得救了。

Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
1．Why did the writer’s younger brother fall into the sea?
A．Because he fell into the sea by accident.
B．Because he jumped into the sea in order to survive.
C．Because he was washed overboard by an enormous wave.
D．Because he wanted to save his brother.
答案 C
2．Why did the boat go towards the whirlpool?
A．Because we drove toward the whirlpool to save my younger brother. B．Because the wind and waves were in that direction.
C．Because we wanted to go to safer places.
D．Because nothing could save us.
答案 B
3．Why did the writer tie himself to a barrel?
A．Because he did that to save his brother.
B．Because there was only a barrel in the whirlpool at that moment. C．Because lighter objects like a barrel went down more slowly. D．Because his brother told him to do so.
答案 C
4．Why didn’t his brother do the same?
A．Because he was too frightened.
B．Because he thought it was dangerous to do so.
C．Because he had no time to do so.
D．Because he wouldn’t leave the boat.
答案 A
5．Why did his old friends not recognise him?
A．Because he was too old to be recognised.
B．Because his hair was white，not black.
C．Because they didn’t want to recognise him.
D．Because they didn’t know him at all.
答案 B
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
It may seem strange.When we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt 1.calmer(calm) than when we were moving towards it.We went round and round，nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.2.Suddenly(sudden)，we went over the edge.I thought my life 3.was(be) over.But I was still safe.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool 4.and we were going round in circles at great speed.I saw 5.clearly(clear) there were other objects in the whirlpool.I noticed that the heavier objects went down more quickly than the smaller，lighter ones.So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float.I tried to make my brother understand，but he was 6.terrified(terrify) and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.
I 7.did escape at last.Some time 8.after I left the boat，with my brother in 9.it，it sank into the bottom of the whirlpool.10.Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer and the moon was shining.In the end，a boat picked me up.I got safe.
1．terrify vt.令人感到恐惧；使受惊吓
(1)(原句)I tried to make my brother understand，but he was terrified and stayed in the heavy boat.
我努力使哥哥明白这一点，但他那时太恐惧了，呆坐在沉重的船里。

(2)The thought of dying slowly and painfully terrified me.
缓慢而痛苦地死去的想法使我恐惧不已。

[归纳拓展]
(1)terrify sb.into (doing) sth.恐吓某人做某事
(2)terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度恐惧的
be terrified of因……而害怕，后接名词、代词或动名词，表示原因。

(3)He is terrified of spiders.
他害怕蜘蛛。

(4)A terrifying scream in the blackness of the night made my blood run cold.
黑夜里一声可怕的尖叫让我毛骨悚然。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用terrify的正确形式填空
①The thunderstorm terrified the child.
②When they knew the bad news，they all felt terrified.
③The terrifying scene shocked everyone.
(2)The small girl is terrifying at that big black cat.(单句改错)terrifying→terrified
2．escape vi.逃脱，逃跑(＋from)；漏出，渗出；vt.逃避；避免(＋v.­ing)；记不起；n.逃跑，逃避
(1)(原句)Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape.
刻不容缓，我跳入海中试图逃脱。

[归纳拓展]
escape from/out of逃离
escape＋n./doing...避免做……
have a narrow/near escape九死一生
(2)He escaped from prison this morning.
他今天早上从监狱中逃跑了。

(3)You are lucky to escape punishment/being punished.
你逃脱了惩罚，真幸运。

[即时跟踪]
(1)去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。

Last year I had a narrow/near escape，and I don’t want to risk my life a second time.
(2)有什么办法可以避免和他见面吗？
Is there any way to escape meeting him?
(3) It was lucky of him to escape killed in that accident.(单句改错)escape后加being 3．survive vi.幸存，生存下来，大难不死；vt.挺过，艰难渡过；比……活得久
(1)(原句)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船幸存下来了，我正竭力回过神来，就在这时，哥哥把嘴凑到我耳旁，大声说出那个让人胆战心惊的词“漩涡！”
[归纳拓展]
(2)There are concerns that the poor may not survive the winter.
人们担心那些贫民可能熬不过冬天。

(3)Harry survived his wife by three months.
哈里比他的妻子多活了3个月。

(4)Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是早年流传下来的。

(5)A plane crashed yesterday，and there were no survivors.
昨天有架飞机坠毁了，没有一个人生还。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用survive的正确形式填空
①Few birds managed to survive the winter last year in this area.
②The explorer is an expert at survival in the wilderness.
③There was only one survivor from the plane crash.
(2)It was a mercy that the whole family survived in the earthquake.(单句改错)删除in
4．recover vi.痊愈，康复；恢复正常
(1)(原句)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船幸存下来了，我正竭力回过神来，就在这时，哥哥把嘴凑到我耳旁，大声说出那个让人胆战心惊的词“漩涡！”
(2)She didn’t see anything suddenly but quickly recovered her sight.
她突然看不见任何东西，但是很快又恢复了视力。

[归纳拓展]
(3)He is recovering from a knee injury.
他的膝盖上的伤正在康复。

(4)He made a quick recovery from his illness and was soon back at work.
他生病后康复得很快，不久就回去上班了。

[即时跟踪]
(1)这个年轻人手术后很快就康复了。

That young man recovered quickly after the operation.
(2)我必须补上失去的时间。

I must study hard to recover the lost time.
(3)With my special care，my mother recovered from quickly.(单句改错)删除from 5．recognise vt.辨认出；承认；认可
(1)(原句)The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me. 那些渔民是我的老朋友，但他们都认不出我了。

(2)We all recognised her talent for dancing.
我们都肯定她在舞蹈方面的才华。

[归纳拓展]
(3)Everyone recognised him to be/as the lawful heir.
大家都承认他为合法继承人。

(4)The film is now recognised as a classic.
这部电影现在是一部公认的经典影片。

(5)It is recognised that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.
人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。

[易混辨析] recognise，know，realize
(1)recognise指在“认识”的基础上，认出某人或听出某人的声音。

(2)know是最常用的，最普通的“知道”或“认识”的意思，也可指懂得知识。

(3)realize更强调“认识到”，常指发现了以前没有发现的事物。

[即时跟踪]
(1)用recognise，know，realize的正确形式填空
①He is one of the kindest people I have known.
②Tom doesn’t seem to realize its true importance.
③He glanced at the envelope and recognised his uncle’s handwriting.
(2)25年过去了，她已经变得认不出来了。

After 25 years she has changed beyond (all) recognition.
(3)劳伦斯的小说最终被公认为天才之作。

Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognised as/to be a work of genius.
1．make sense有意义，讲得通
(1)(原句)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense.
按那个顺序读读，看故事是否讲得通。

[归纳拓展]
make sense of理解，明白
make no sense没有道理，没有意义
in a sense在一定程度上，就某种意义上说
There is no sense in doing...做……是不明智的。

(2)Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
你编的故事我听不明白。

(3)Only after I read the poem a second time did I make sense of it.
我把这首诗又读了一遍之后才理解了它的含义。

(4)There is no sense in arguing about the problem with him.
与他争论这个问题是毫无意义的。

[即时跟踪]
(1)You are right in some way，but you don’t know all the facts.(句型转换)
＝You are right in a sense，but you don’t know all the facts.
(2)Can you make sense what this American is saying？(单句改错)
sense后加of
2．all at once(＝all of a sudden＝suddenly)忽然，突然
(1)(原句)All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute
we were in a terrible storm.
突然，天空被乌云笼罩，刹那间，我们被卷入了可怕的暴风雨中。

(2)All at once there was a loud banging on the door.
突然传来一声响亮的敲门声。

[归纳拓展]
(3)All in all it had been a great success.
从各方面来说，那都是极大的成功。

[即时跟踪]
(1)突然之间介绍了许多新观念。

There are so many new ideas introduced all at once.
(2)小孩子该做的最重要的事是学好功课。

What a child should do，above all，is to do well in his studies.
3．pick up取(物)，接载，开车去接；拾起，捡起；获得，偶尔学会；改善，好转；接收(1)(原句)In the end，a boat picked me up.
最后，一条船救了我。

(2)The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.
汽车停下来以便乘客上车。

(3)He picked up Spanish when he was in Mexico.
在墨西哥时，他学会了西班牙语。

[归纳拓展]
(4)Can you pick out the right one?
你能找出正确的那一个吗？
(5)Don’t pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。

[即时跟踪]
写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思
(1)Ridley picked up a pencil and fiddled(不停摆弄) with it.拿起
(2)She went over to her parents’ house to pick up some clean clothes.取回
(3)Where did you pick up your English？学会
(4)They’ve picked up a really nasty infection from something they’ve eaten.染上
(5)We can pick up Italian television.接收
(6)Chinese officials hope that trade will pick up when the two countries switch to hard currency.好转
1．独立主格结构
(1)(原句)One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海岛返回，船上载满了鱼。

[归纳拓展]
our boat full of fish为独立主格结构，相当于and our boat was full of fish。

(1)构成：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式等。

(2)作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随状语，多用于书面语中。

(2)Winter coming，
冬天来了，天气越来越冷了。

(3)More time given，we can finish the work.
如果给我们更多的时间，我们就能完成这项工作。

(4)Our English teacher entered the room，a book in his hand.
我们的英语老师走进了教室，手里拿着一本书。

(5)It being a fine day，the children went to the park.
由于天气很好，孩子们去了公园。

[即时跟踪]
(1)句型转换
①As the girl stared at him，he didn’t know what to say.
＝The girl staring at him，he didn’t know what to say.
②As the p roblems were solved，the quality has been improved.
＝The problems solved，the quality has been improved.
(2)There was nothing else to do，we went home.(单句改错)was→being
2．助动词do表强调
(1)(原句)As you can see，I did escape.
如你所见，我的确得救了。

[归纳拓展]
—But I did come.When I came，you were out.
——你昨晚为什么没来？
——但我确实来了。

我来时你出去了。

[即时跟踪]
(1)我的确希望如此，因为我想让你和我一样活得健康长寿。

I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
(2)当我不认识一个单词的时候，我确实要查阅一下字典。

When I do not know a word，I do refer to the dictionary.
(3)我确实认识他，但是想不起他的名字了。

I did know him，but I didn’t remember his name.
3．It takes/took sb.some time to do sth.句型
(1)(原句)It took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white. 就在不到一天的时间里，我的头发由黑变白。

(2)It took me three hours to get home last night.
昨天晚上我花了三个钟头才到家。

[归纳拓展]
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事，其中it是形式主语，不定式作真正的主语。

英语中表示花费的句型还有：
1sb.spends some money/time on sth.
in doing sth.
2sth.costs sb.some money
3sb.pays some money for sth.
(3)He spends about a third of his salary on drinking.
他把薪水的三分之一左右花在喝酒上。

(4)It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the car.
修理这部车要花费你500美元。

(5)How much did you pay for the motorbike?
你花多少钱买的这辆摩托车？
[即时跟踪]
一句多译
我花了10元钱买的这本字典。

(1)I spent ten yuan in buying/on the dictionary.(spend)
(2)I paid ten yuan for the dictionary.(pay)
(3)The dictionary cost me ten yuan.(cost)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Though we have had the boat repaired three times，it still leaks.
2．Do you know why a balloon can float in the air?
3．At the sight of her long lost son，the mother recognised(认出) him immediately. 4．The weather has been really horrible(糟糕的) all week，so we had to stay at home. 5．The Titanic sank into the bottom of the sea with over 1,500 passengers aboard. 6．A company with bad management can not survive the market competition. 7．Although they are twins，they are completely opposite(相反的) in many ways. 8．Fifteen days after escaping from prison，the prisoner was caught in a corn field at last.
9．The dog can’t recover(康复) ever since it was run over by the car.
10．With a scream(尖叫声)，an old man fell off a window to hit the ground heavily. Ⅱ.选词填空
on the edge of，in the direction of，all at once，pick up，make sense
1．I was drying my hair.All at once I smelt something burning.
2．Every single word may make sense，but the sentence as a whole makes nonsense. 3．After the Second World War，the Japanese economy picked up very fast.
4．We put up at a small hotel just on the edge of the city.
5．Sound goes faster and farther in the direction of wind.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．做这个实验大约花了我两个小时。

It took me just two hours to do this experiment.
2．他的确喜欢听古典音乐。

He does enjoy listening to classical music.
3．如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

Weather permitting，we’re going to visit you tomorrow.
4．在那儿他学会了潜泳——他众多的体育消遣之一。

There he picked up scuba diving，one of his many athletic pastimes.
5．她叔叔从地震中幸存下来了，但她的其他家庭成员都未幸免。

Her uncle survived the earthquake，but no one else in her family did.
Ⅰ.语境填词
A)用所提供单词的正确形式填空
1．Some animals have the gift of facial recognisation(recognise)．
2．The child is terrified(terrify) of the caged tiger as well.
3．The boy being(be) late，his teacher was very angry.
4．The doctors hold out little hope of his recovery(recover)．
5．Man was responsible for the survival(survive) of his family.
B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)
6．Here’s a tip I picked up from my mother.
7．The enemy troops were fleeing in all directions.
8．It began to rain all at once and I was caught in the rain.
9．Just at that moment，the door opened and the teacher walked in.
10．He is recognised as a movie star in Hong Kong.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
The plan：turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields，and then fill it with creatures (生物) from the earth.
This idea may sound like something from a science fiction (科幻小说)，but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an international conference hosted by NASA (美国宇航局) this week.Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event.
Turning Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction，” said Dr Michael Meyer，NASA’s senior scientist for astrobiology (太空生物学)．“Now，with scientists exploring the reality，we can ask what are the real possibilities o f changing Mars.”
Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth，although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal.
But many experts are shocked by the idea.“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet，” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy，Cambridge，UK.
Over the past months，scientists have become increasingly confident.They will find Martian life forms.Europe and America’s robot explorers have found proof that water，mixed with soil，exists in large amounts on the planet.
11．The passage is about .
A．Mars supporting life
B．finding water on the Mars
C．a plan turning Mars into a little earth
D．the necessity of changing Mars
答案 C
解析主旨大意题。

根据文章大意和文章第一段的“The plan：turn Mars into a blue world with streams and green fields，and then fill it with creatures (生物) from the earth.”可知，文章主要介绍了一个把火星变成地球的计划，故选C。

12．Those who agree to turn Mars into a little earth .
A．are short of confidence
B．will gain the support of NASA
C．are asking for advice on how to carry it out
D．realize that it’s not easy to achieve their goal
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段的“Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth，although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal.”可知，同意这项计划的人们认为这个计划不容易实施，故选D。

13．What’s Paul Murdin’s attitude to the plan?
A．He is for the idea.
B．He is active in the idea.
C．He is against the idea.
D．He doesn’t care about it.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据第五段的“But many experts are shocked by the idea.‘We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining
another planet，’ said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy，Cambridge，UK.”，可知，他反对这个想法，故选C。

14．What can we know about the scientists from the last paragraph?
A．They have no idea about the plan.
B．They will find Martian lives very soon.
C．They may achieve their goals some day.
D．They have found much proof of Martian lives.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据最后一段的“They will find Martian life forms.Europe and America’s robot explorers have found proof that water，mixed with soil，exists in large amounts on the planet.”可知，由于越来越多的证据表明火星上有存在生命的条件，所以将来这个计划有可能实现，故选C。

B
Far from the land of Antarctica，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean.At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish，the Antarctic cod(鳕鱼)．For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death？It must have some secret.The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and the research has been slowed.Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish.Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of －1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it.The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to －2.05℃.That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice­salt mixture.
The scientists’ next research job was c lear：Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing.Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish.When it was removed，the blood froze at seawater temperature.When it was put back，the blood again had its anti­freeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein.So it has come to be called the anti­freeze fish glycoprotein or AFGP.
15．What is the text mainly about?
A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.
B．A special fish living in freezing waters.
C．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
答案 B
解析主旨大意题。

本文主要讲述了对一种能够生活在南极冰冷的海水中的鱼的研究，因此B项最能概括文章的中心意思。

16．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
A．The seawater has a temperature of －1.88℃.
B．It loves to live in the ice­salt mixture.
C．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than －2.05℃.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据文中第五段的说明可以知道：一种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼在南极海水中生活而不至于被冰冻。

17．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．A type of ice­salt mixture.
B．A newly found protein.
C．Fish blood.
D．Sugar molecule.
答案 B
解析代词指代题。

根据文中的叙述可以判断出该物质就是帮助这种鱼生活在南极海水中的神奇的蛋白质。

Ⅲ.语法填空
The Million Pound Bank Note is based on a short story 18.written(write) by Mark Twain，who was brought up in Hannibal，Missouri，and is best known 19.as a novelist.The story happened in the summer of 1903，and Henry Adams，an American businessman was carried out to sea by a strong wind.However，he 20.was spotted(spot) and rescued by
a British ship and landed in London,21.where he found himself without money，friends
22.or a job.All this could account 23.for his appearance.He was 24.extremely(extreme) upset.He didn’t know 25.what to do.Walking down the street，he heard somebody 26.calling(call) him.It turned out that he was given an envelope and asked not to open the letter un til two o’clock in the afternoon.As a matter of fact，there was
27.a one­million­pound bank note in it.。