动名词用法

一、动名词：在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、定语。

二、动名词的基本用法
1. 作主语：Smoking is bad for your health./His not coming made everyone very disappointed.
(1) 可用it作形式主语（It is a waste of time doing.../It is fun doing.../It is no use/ good doing...）。

如：It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
(2) 注意：不定式作主语时表示具体的、一次性动作; 动名词作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。

Getting up early is a good habit./To get up early this morning made me sleepy.
2. 作宾语
(1)作某些及物动词的宾语：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind，postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。

(2)作介词的宾语：He left without saying good-bye to us. / On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the crowd, waving to me.
(3)作某些词组的宾语：give up，go on，put off，can't help，can't stand，be worth，be devoted to，be accustomed to，be used to，object to，insist on，look forward to，be sure of，be keen on，be fond of，be good at，be tired of，be interested in，be afraid of，pay attention to，cannot help 情不自禁，be tired of 厌烦做某事，insist on 坚持，depend on/upon 指望/依赖，set about/get down to着手做，feel like 想要，lead to导致。

(4)在begin，start，continue后接动名词和不定式都可以，一般情况下意义相同：They started playing/to play basketball last year. 但如果碰到以下情况，begin和start后须用动词不定式：a）主语是物：The milk began to boil.
b）后接心理活动或状态的动词：They began to know the danger ahead of them.
c）begin和start用于进行时态：They were starting to have dinner when 1 went in.
d）后接被动式：The TV tower started to be built several years ago.
(5)在need，want，require后接动名词/to be done都表示“需要被…”的意思。

如：The TV set needs repairing/to be repaired. The washing machine requires checking/to be checked.
(6)在hate，like，love，prefer后接动名词表示经常发生的动作，接不定式则表示某一具体的动作。

如：I hate swimming. / I hate to swim in that swimming pool.
(7)在remember，forget，regret后接动名词表示已做过的事，而接不定式表示动作还未发生。

如：I regret telling him the truth. / I regret to tell you that you haven’t passed the exam.
(8) “mean doing意味着”“mean to do打算”，“try doing尝试”“try to do尽力，设法，试图”，“go on doing继续做某件事”“go on to do接着又去做另外一件事”，“stop doing停止做某事”“stop to do停下来去做另一件事”。

3. 作表语：Your task is cleaning the windows. = Cleaning the windows is your task.
注意别与现在进行时混淆。

如：His part-time job is promoting new products for the company.
4. 作定语：表示被修饰词的用途和性能。

如：swimming pool；reading material；walking stick.
三、动名词的逻辑主语
1. 一般由“名词所有格或形容词性物主代词”充当。

如：Would you mind my opening the door?/Would you mind opening the door？注意：第一句是我来开门，第二句是让你去开门。

2. 人称代词宾格。

如：The doctor suggested them having their health check-up once a year.
3. 当名词是表示无生命事物时：Can you hear the noise of the machine running?
1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish __ my car.
A. repairing
B. repair
C. to repair
D. repaired
2. It's no good __ over split milk.
A. to cry
B. crying
C. cried
D. cry
3. Have you forgotten __ $1000 from me last month? Will you please remember __ it tomorrow?
A. borrowing; to bring
B. to borrow; bring
C. borrowed; bringing
D. borrowing; bringing
4. The classroom wants __.
A. clean
B. cleaned
C. to clean
D. cleaning
5. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __ for us.
A. to wait
B. wait
C. waiting
D. waited
6. My brother keeps __ me with my work.
A. to help
B. help
C. helping
D. helped
7. We should often practise __ English with each other.
A. to speak
B. spoke
C. speak
D. speaking
8. Keep on __ and you will succeed.
A. a try
B. try
C. triing
D. trying
9. His parents insist on __ to college.
A. he should go
B. he go
C. his going
D. him to go
10. The story was so funny that we __.
A. couldn't help laugh
B. can't but laugh
C. couldn't help laughing
D. couldn't help but to laugh
11.What about __ to the concert with us
A. we go
B. we going
C. going
D. to go
12. __ clean is a safeguard against disease.
A. To be keeping
B. Kept
C. Keep
D. Keeping
13. Seeing is __.
A. to believe
B. believing
C. believed
D. being believed
14. --What made Ruth so upset? -- __ three tickets to the folk music concert.
A. Lost
B. Losing
C. Because of losing
D. Since she lost
15. Don't forget __ this book to John when you see him.
A. to return
B. returning
C. return
D. to returning
16. Only one of these books is __.
A. worth to read
B. worth being read
C. worth of reading
D. worth reading
17. We are both looking forward to __ next week.
A. going on vacation
B. go on vacation
C. be going on vacation
D. go on vacation
18. He had no difficulty __ the problems.
A. working out
B. having worked out
C. to have worked out
D. to work out
19. I regretted __ that to her.
A. having said
B. to have said
C. to say
D. /
20. Since you don’t feel like __ that movie, let’s go to do something else instead.
A. watching
B. to watch
C. being watch
D. having watched
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