定语从句教案

定语从句教学教案
讲解老师：苏高娟讲解时间：40min 日期：2012/11/26
一、引言
复合句是英语语言中的重要句子结构之一，也是历年高考重点考察对象，纵观北京近五年的高考真题我们发现定语从句仍是高考的热点，如2012年的第26题，2011年第26题，2010年第27题，2009年第26题，2008年第28题，下面我们就这一句型进行具体的学习和理解。

二、关于定语从句的整体认识和基本概念
1、定语从句的概念：在复合句中做定语的句子叫做定语从句，（也称之为形容词性从句）；
举例1~2个加以说明
2、先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词，定语从句通常置于先行词后面；
举例1~2个加以说明
3、关联词：连接先行词和定语从句的词称之为关系词，关系词课分为关系代词和关系副词；
举例1~2个加以说明
4、关系代词和关系副词：代词，who whom （指人），which (指物)，that (即可指人也可
指物)，as；副词，when （时间），why (原因)，where (地点）
举例1~2个加以说明
5、关系代词和关系副词的关系：介词+关系代词=关系副词
举例1~2个加以说明
6、怎样选用关系词：找——代——定——选（如果先行词在从句中做主，宾，表语时选
择关系代词，做状语时选择关系副词）
举例1~2个加以说明
7、关系词的作用：连接作用，替代作用和成分作用；
举例1~2个加以说明
略掉，但是在非限制性定语从句中，关系词在任何情况下都不能省略；
举例1~2个加以说明
10、who 的真假身份：who 在定语从句中既可做主语也可代替whom 做宾语；
举例1~2个加以说明
11、分析一道题目透彻以上语法的具体应用：
This is the house in which my father once lived
This is the house which my father once lived in ;
This is the house that my father once lived in ;
This is the house my father once lived in ;
This is the house where my father once lived ;
在非限制性定语从句中，介词+whom / which 的结构中，介词不能移到从句的后面
三、关系词的辨析
1、只能用that 的情况：
当先行词本身是none ,the one ,lille , much , all , ( some any every no +thing ) 等时只能用that （注意顺序记忆词很方便）
Y ou should hand in all that you have .
当先行词被no , little , few , some , any , much , every , all 修饰时只能用that
All things that he put into the box belongs to him .
当先行词本身是序数词或者序数词或者被序数词或者形容词的最高级修饰，或先行词前面有the only , the very , the same , the next时只能用that ,
This is the best that has been used against pollution.
This is the last train that will go to Suzhou.
当先行词既有人又有物时只能用that
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about .
当主句是以who或者which开头的疑问句时只能用that
Which is the bike that you lost?
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
有两个定语从句时，其中一个宜用which一个宜用that
They visited a factory which produced things that sold well.
当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也做表语时
Shanghai ia no longer a city that it used to be .
2、as 引导的定语从句：
as既可引导限制性定语从句也可引导非限制定语从句，
A、as引导限制性定语从句时，常用于下列句式:
such +名词+as …想……一样的，
the same +名词+as…和……同样的（其中as在从句中充当主语，宾语和表语）
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
He is not the same man as he was.
The same as 和the same that 的区别
This is the same pen as I lost (这和我丢了的那支笔一样)
This is the same pen that I lost （这就是我丢的那支笔）
Such …as …(引导定语从句)和such …that…（引导状语从句）
He is such a clever boy as everyone likes .
He is such a clever boy that everyone likes him.
B、…such as …such 为代词，意为“这样的人或物“，as 在从句中做成分修饰先行词such。

This book is not such as I expected.
3、as和which的区别：
A、as引导非限制性定语从句可以句首，句中或句末，指代这整个句子的内容
which位于主句之后，且既可以指代这整个句子也可以指代主句中的某一部分
B、as也用在一些固定结构当中，如;
as we have seen as is well-known
as you obsercvee as has been said before
as he pointed out as often happens
as we all can see as we expected
as is given as is said about
As is well-known,=What is well-known is that…=It is well-known that…
四、小结：
对本堂课所授内容和学生快速互动一遍，使学生对定语从句有系统框架式的了解，进一步加深记忆。

五、本节课习题讲解：
1、I have the same pen ____you have .
She is such a girl____does well in French.
She is such a girl____all of us like to talk to him
A that
B as
C who
D which
2、Is this flat _____you once lived in ?
Is this the only flat ____you have lived in ?
Is this the flat _____you once lived ?
Is this the flat in ____you onced lived ?
Is it in this flat ______you once lived ?
A which
B where
C that
D the one
3、He has three sisters, none of ______is a doctor.
He has three sisters, _____are doctor.
He has three sisters, but none of ____is a doctor.
He has three sisters; _____are doctors.
A whom
B them
C they
D who
作业：大概有历年的高考真题30-40道，和10几道相似题目的辨析
下节课讲点是；1 定语从句中的主谓一致（one of ,the only one of ,not the only one of ）
2 way 和time 后接定语从句的情况、
3 定语从句中的插入情况
4 定语从句中的倒装情况
5 定语从句与强调句的区别
6 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
7 讲解上次作业中的问题。