八年级知识点 现在进行时+祈使句

现在进行时+祈使句+ Unit 2 (Section B)
一、现在进行时&祈使句
现在进行时
1.定义及构成: 表示正在进行或发生的动作。

be (am/is/are)+动词的现在分词(doing)
2. 现在进行时的时间标志
now, look, at the moment, look, listen, at the moment.
3. 动词现在分词的分类
【运用1】大多数动词可在动词后面+ing.
eg. carry— __________________，catch— _______________, do— ________________
ex1: Look! He________________ (help) his mother do the housework.
【运用2】以不发音的e结尾的，去掉e,加-ing
eg. come— ___________，have— ____________, see— ___________
Danny______________ (write). Don’t call him.
【运用3】动词只有一个元音字母，而且其后跟有一个辅音字母时，将此辅音字母双写，再加-ing eg. let— ___________，put— ___________，run— ___________，sit— ___________
He ______________ (swim) in that pool with his father.
4. 特殊变化
lie(躺）— ___________, die— ___________, tie（系，绑）— _____________
Lily ____________ (lie）on the beach now.
5. 现在进行时的否定形式及句型变化
be (am/is/are)+not+动词的现在分词
肯定句：We _____________(wait)for you now.
否定句：_______________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
祈使句
1．肯定的祈使句
① 句型：动词原形＋其他成分。

如：Be careful！小心！
② “Do＋祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。

③ please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分隔开。

如：Close the door，please.请关门！
④ No+doing 如：No smoking. 禁止吸烟。

2．否定的祈使句
① 通常句型：Don't＋动词原形＋其他成分。

如：Don't be late for school again！别再迟到了！
② 用Never开头：Never＋动词原形＋其他成分。

如：Never leave today‘s work for tomorrow！不要把今天的工作留到明天！
3．Let引导的祈使句
以Let开头的句子也是祈使句，表示陈述和建议。

其否定形式有两种：Let...not或Don't...。

如：Let us not be late.让我们不要迟到。

4. 过手追踪
【例1】________ hard，you'll make progress in English.
A．Work B．To work C．Working D．Don't work
【例2】Tommy，________ play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car.( 2016，广东)
A．do B．don't C．must D．mustn't
【例3】—Mark，please don't play basketball on the road. It's very dangerous.
—________.I am going home at once.
A．Have a great time B．Sorry，I won't do that
C．I'd like to D．OK，with pleasure
二、八年级上册Unit 2 Section B
1.重点单词，短语
once ____________ not at all
hardly ever __________ Internet _____________
maybe __________ at least ____________
junk ____________ result
online __________ although _____________
through __________ mind _________________
popular ___________________ in one’s free time
2. 重点句型
①---How often do you watch TV?
---Twice a week.
how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。

twice a week 一周两次
拓展: 一次once 两次twice
三次或三次以上基数词+ times three times four times
② ---What's your favorite program?/--- What program do you like best?
你最喜欢的节目是什么？
③ I go to the movies maybe once a month. 我也许一个月去看一次电影。

maybe 副词，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。

eg. Maybe he knows the way to the park.
辨析：maybe 与may be
maybe副词，作状语，意为“或许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。

may be 属于“情态动词+be 动词”结构，意为“可能是”。

(1) The baby is crying, ________ she is hungry.
(2) The woman _________ a teacher .
【过手练习】
1、写出下面动词的-ing形式
go_________ ask_________ write_________
make_________ get_________ begin_________
2、用动词的适当形式填空
①We _______________ (wait)for you now.
②It’s ten o’clock. My mother _____________（lie)in the bed.
③She ______________ (clean) the classroom at this moment.
④Listen! Birds_______________(sing) on the tree.
⑤The girl__________ (like) wearing a sweater. Look! She _____________ (wear)a red sweater
today.
单元跟踪练习
一、单项选择
（）1. — Where is your father?
— He ______ the World Cup in the living room.
A. is watching
B. watches
C. watched
（）2. Look, so many people are running out of the station. I wonder what______
A. happens
B. is happening
C. happened
（）3.— Is Jack in the classroom now?
—No, he ______ football on the playground.
A. is playing
B. played
C. plays
（）4.— Lisa, be quiet! The baby ______ in the next room.
— Oh, sorry.
A. is sleeping
B. sleeps
C. slept
（）5. Who ______ over there now?
A. singing
B. are sing
C. is singing
（）6. It’s nine ten. The students ______ a music class.
A. have
B. having
C. are having
（）7. Listen! The boy _______.
A. crying
B. is crying
C. cries
（）8. Don’t talk here. Grandparents ______.
A. sleep
B. is sleeping
C. are sleeping
二、完形填空
A young man was going to join the army（军队）and had to take a medical examination. The doctor was sitting at a desk when he came in. He said to the man, “Take your coat and shirt off and 1 on that chair.” The young man did so. The doctor 2 at him for a moment without getting up from his chair and then said, “All right. Put your clothes on again.” “But you haven't examined me at all！”the young man said in 3 .“There is no need to do so,” the doctor said with a 4 .“When I told you to take your coat and shirt off, you heard me all right，so there is nothing wrong with your 5 .You saw the chair, so your eyes are 6 . You could take your clothes 7 and sit on the chair, so you must be in good health. And you understood what I told you to 8 and did it without a
9 , so you must be 10 enough for the army.”
( ) 1. A. sleep B. put C. sit
( ) 2. A. looked B. pointed C. knocked
( ) 3. A. trouble B. time C. surprise
( ) 4. A. pity B. smile C. pleasure
( ) 5. A. head B. mind C. ears
( ) 6. A. good B. well C. bright
( ) 7. A. in B. on C. off
( ) 8. A. do B. make C. get
( ) 9. A. teacher B. question C. mistake
( ) 10. A. old B. healthy C. safe
三、阅读理解
Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family in England. When she was young, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read many great books. She also traveled a lot with her parents.
As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.
At last she decided that she was going to be a nurse. But her father said, “Nursing isn’t the right job for a lady.”
“Then I will make it so.” She smiled.
And she went to learn nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to England, Florence started a nursing home for women.
In the Crimean War in 1854, she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front hospitals. What they saw there was terrible.
Florence used her own money and some from her friends to buy clothes, beds, medicines and food for the men. Here only pay was the smiles of the wounded soldiers. But they were more than enough for this kind woman.
Florence died at ninety. She tried to serve others through her work as a nurse all her life. Thanks to her contributions to medicine we realize nurse do an important and necessary job.
( ) 1. when she was a child, Florence ______.
A.only stayed at home and never left her hometown
B.Lived an unhappy life
C.Loved to help the sick people
( ) 2. What made Florence decide to become a nurse?
A. Her father’s wish.
B. Her strong wish to help the sick people
C. Her education in Germany and France.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word “they” mean?
A. The soldiers
B. The nurses
C. The smiles
( ) 4. Which describes the passage best? It is______.
A.the history of nursing in France.
B.an example of successful education
C.the story of a well-known woman
( ) 5. Which is not true from this article?
A.Her father thought she should be a nurse when she grew up.
B.She wanted to make nursing the right job for a lady.
C.She had learned nursing before she started a nursing home in England.。