CATTI二级笔译考试大纲

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我国国际商务英语二级考试大纲(ppt 23页)

61. More and more marketing is regulated every day, and it faces thousands of regulations issued by dozens of local and central regulatory agencies. Marketing managers must not only make their decisions within this intricate framework but also consider the possible impact of their decisions on future regulatory activity. Yet it is a mistake to regard regulation only as a burden. The wise marketer sees it as simply another alteration of the marketplace, giving rise to as many opportunities as problems.
全国国际商务英语考试（二级）大纲
全国商务英语考试中心
一、考试目的
本考试的宗旨在于通过统一的测试标准和操作规范，促进相关的教育和社会培训工作，
提高国际商务人员的专业英语水平。
二、考试对象
有意从事国际商务工作的高等院校学生、国际商务从业人员以及其他社会人员。
三、考试性质
本考试是国际商务英语应用能力的测试，是一种测试考生商务语言能力和商务知识的标
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catti二级考试内容

CATTI二级笔译考试作为翻译领域的权威认证，其内容非常全面且具有一定的深度。

首先，在阅读理解部分，不仅要求考生具备快速、准确地阅读英文和汉语文章的能力，还要求考生能够理解并把握文章的主旨、细节和推断。

这需要考生具备较高的语言水平和阅读理解能力。

其次，英译汉和汉译英部分是CATTI二级笔译考试的核心内容。

在这部分，考生需要将英文或汉语文章准确、流畅地翻译成另一种语言。

这不仅要求考生具备扎实的语言基础，还需要考生掌握一定的翻译技巧和策略。

同时，考生还需要注意翻译的准确性、流畅性和地道性。

此外，篇章结构也是CATTI二级笔译考试的重要内容之一。

考生需要了解并掌握文章的结构、逻辑关系和语言风格等方面的知识。

这有助于考生更好地理解文章，并能够更准确地翻译文章。

在考试形式上，CATTI二级笔译考试共包括两个科目：《英语笔译实务》和《英语笔译综合能力》。

《英语笔译实务》科目主要考察考生的翻译实践能力，要求考生根据所给的英文原文进行翻译，并完善翻译稿件的语言表达、格式等要素，以保证翻译质量。

而《英语笔译综合能力》科目则主要考察考生的语言能力和翻译理论知识，包括词汇、语法、阅读理解、翻译理论等方面的知识。

总之，CATTI二级笔译考试内容丰富、全面，既考察考生的语言能力，又考察考生的翻译实践能力和理论知识。

对于想要从事翻译工作的人来说，通过CATTI二级笔译考试是非常有必要的。

catti二级笔译题型

catti二级笔译题型摘要：一、引言1.介绍CATTI 考试的基本信息2.阐述CATTI 二级笔译题型的特点二、CATTI 二级笔译考试题型概述1.题型分类a) 英译汉b) 汉译英2.题量与分值三、CATTI 二级笔译考试各题型详解1.英译汉a) 词汇翻译b) 段落翻译2.汉译英a) 词汇翻译b) 段落翻译四、CATTI 二级笔译考试备考策略1.提高词汇翻译能力2.加强段落翻译练习3.注重实战模拟五、总结1.强调CATTI 二级笔译考试的重要性2.鼓励考生积极备考，取得理想成绩正文：CATTI（翻译专业资格水平考试）是我国翻译行业的权威考试，旨在选拔和培养高水平的翻译人才。

其中，CATTI 二级笔译考试是许多翻译爱好者和从业者的目标。

本文将重点解析CATTI 二级笔译题型，以帮助考生更好地备考。

首先，CATTI 二级笔译考试分为英译汉和汉译英两个部分，每个部分各有词汇翻译和段落翻译两种题型。

词汇翻译要求考生在规定时间内完成一定数量的词汇翻译任务，主要考察考生的基本功和词汇运用能力。

段落翻译则要求考生翻译一篇短文，分值较高，对考生的翻译水平和语言表达能力有较高要求。

在备考过程中，考生应重点关注词汇翻译和段落翻译的训练。

词汇翻译方面，考生需要掌握常用词汇和短语的翻译方法，并积累一定的专业词汇。

此外，要注意一词多义、词性转换、固定搭配等问题。

段落翻译方面，考生应多练习不同类型的文章，提高自己的翻译技巧和语言表达能力。

在练习过程中，可参考官方教材、历年真题以及相关翻译书籍，以提高备考效果。

总之，CATTI 二级笔译考试是对考生翻译水平和语言表达能力的重要检验。

要想在考试中取得理想的成绩，考生需要在备考过程中不断积累、加强训练，注重实战模拟。

21catti考试大纲

21catti考试大纲21世纪的翻译专业资格（CATTI）考试，即中国翻译专业资格（水平）考试，是中国翻译协会组织的一项国家级职业资格考试。

该考试旨在评估翻译人员的专业水平和能力，以确保翻译服务的质量和专业性。

考试大纲是指导考生准备考试的重要文件，它详细列出了考试的范围、内容和要求。

# 一、考试目的与定位CATTI考试的主要目的是选拔和培养具有专业翻译能力的人才，以满足国内外翻译市场的需求。

考试分为口译和笔译两大类，涵盖了初级、中级和高级三个等级，以适应不同层次翻译人员的需求。

# 二、考试科目与内容1. 笔译考试- 初级笔译：主要测试考生对基础翻译技巧的掌握，包括词汇、语法、句式结构等。

- 中级笔译：重点考察考生对专业领域翻译的理解和应用能力，如法律、经济、科技等。

- 高级笔译：要求考生具备高级翻译技巧，能够处理复杂和专业的翻译任务。

2. 口译考试- 初级口译：测试考生的基本听力理解能力和口语表达能力。

- 中级口译：考察考生在专业领域中的听力理解、口语表达和同声传译能力。

- 高级口译：评估考生在复杂环境下的听力理解、口语表达和交替传译能力。

# 三、考试形式与题型1. 笔译考试- 选择题：测试考生对词汇、语法和句式的掌握。

- 翻译题：包括英译汉和汉译英，考察考生的翻译能力。

- 综合题：涉及对翻译文本的理解和分析。

2. 口译考试- 听力题：测试考生的听力理解能力。

- 口语题：评估考生的口语表达能力。

- 口译题：包括同声传译和交替传译，考察考生的口译技巧。

# 四、考试要求- 语言能力：考生需要具备良好的语言基础，包括词汇量、语法知识和语言运用能力。

- 翻译技巧：考生应掌握基本的翻译技巧，如直译、意译、增译、减译等。

- 专业知识：考生应具备一定的专业知识，特别是在中级和高级考试中，对专业领域的翻译有深入的理解。

- 文化素养：考生需要了解不同文化背景下的语言特点和表达习惯。

# 五、考试准备建议- 基础知识：加强语言基础知识的学习，包括词汇、语法和句式结构。

CATTI英语二三级口笔译资料下载汇总

CATTI英语二三级口笔译资料下载汇总一、 CATTI二级口译资料1.中国国家科学技术进步奖The National Science and Technology Award of China is a national honor given by the Chinese government to individuals and groups who have made important achievements in the fields of science and technology. It includes titles of national honor, social honor, and valuable certificate. It is established to encourage and honor those units and individuals who have made outstanding achievements in basic research, applied research, technology development, and technology management, and to motivate the majority of scientific and technological workers to innovate with the spirit of science and continuously promote the development of science and technology in our country.2.中国开放The reform and opening up in China, gui ded by Mao Zedong’s thoughts and Deng Xiaoping’s theories, is a basic state policy for the CCP leaders who lead the people to promote the socialist modernization construction. It is an important content of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, as well as an important guarantee for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.3.旅游业发展旅游业是一项跨国界的经济活动，其发展对于促进当地经济增长，提升就业水平，拉动经济发展和提高居民收入，促进两国人文交流和友谊具有重要的意义。

全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语口译二级(同声传译)考试大纲.doc

全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语口译二级(同声传译)考试大纲（试行）全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级True(True同声传译True)True考试大纲（试行）True一，考试目的True通过检验应试者的理解、即时处理信息和语言表达能力、评价其口译实践能力是还达到专业同传译员水平。

True二、考生应具备的基本条件和素质True1True、基本功扎实，熟练运用中英文两种语言。

True2True、知识面广，有比较宽泛的政治、经济、文化等背景知识。

True3True。

具备良好的心理素质和应变能力。

True三、考试基本要求True1True、准确、完整地译出源语内容。

True2True、语音正确、清晰，语调自然，语流顺畅。

True二级口译英语同声传译类考试模块设置一览表True《口译综合能力》True序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）1听力理解判断10 题20短句选项10 题20篇章选项20 题40听力综述听约600 单词英语文章后写一篇约200 词的英语综述20总计——10060 《口译实务（同声传译类）》True序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）1英汉同声传译无稿同传约8 分钟讲话（110 词左右/ 分钟）2530带稿同传约8 分钟发言252汉英同声传译无稿同传约8 分钟讲话（140 词左右/ 分钟）2530带稿同传约8 分钟发言（170 词左右/ 分钟）25总计：——10060备注：1 、无稿同传：译员无稿True2 、带稿同传：译员有稿True3 、本科目总体考试时间60 分钟，其中包括考试的准备时间。

建议考生，我们将第一时间为大家提供最新信息，敬请期待！。

英语口译二级(交替传译)考试大纲

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试
英语口译二级(交替传译)考试大纲（试行）
一、总论
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级考试设口译综合能力测试和口译实务（交替传译）测试。
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的口译实践能力是否达到专业译员水平。
（二）考试基本要求
掌握8000个以上的英语词汇。
2 汉英交替传译总量约1000词的汉语讲话两篇 50 30
总计 - - 100 60
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的理解、记忆、信息处理及语言表达能力。
（二）考试基本要求
发音正确，吐字清晰。
语言规范，语流顺畅，语速适中。
熟练运用口译技巧，完整准确地译出原话内容，无错译、漏译。
英语口译二级（交替传译）考试模块设置一览表
《口译综合能力》
序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）
1 听力
理解
判断 10题 20
短句选项 10题 20
篇章选项 20题 40
听力综述听约600单词英语文章后写一篇200词的英语综述 20
总计 - - 100 60
《口译实务》(交替传译)
序号题型题两篇 50 30
了解中国和英语国家的文化背景知识。
胜任各种正式场合3--5分钟间隔的交替传译。
二、口译综合能力
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的听力理解及信息处理的能力。
（二）考试的基本要求
掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。
具备专业工作所需要的英语听力、理解和表达能力。
三、口译实务（交替传译）

CATTI二级笔译实务最全

2003年12月英语二级笔译实务试题Section 1: English – Chinese Translation (英译汉)Part ANowhere to GoFor the latest on the pursuit of the American Dream in Silicon Valley, all you have to do is to talk to someone like “Nagaraj” (who didn’t want to reveal his real name). He’s an Indian immigrant who, like many other Indian engineers, came to America recently on an H-1B visa, which allows skilled workers to be employed by one company for as many as six years. But one morning last month, Nagaraj and a half dozen other Indian workers with H-1Bs were called into a conference room in their San Francisco technology-consulting firm and told they were being laid off. The reason: weakening economic conditions in Silicon Valley, “It was the shock of my lifetime,” says Nagaraj.This is not a normal bear-market sob story. According to federal regulation, Nagaraj and his colleagues have two choices. They must either return to India, or find another job in a tight labor market and hope that the Immigration and Naturalization Services (INS) allow them to transfer their visa to the new company. And the law doesn’t allow them to earn a pay-check until all the paperwork winds its way through the INS bureaucracy. “How am I going to survive without any job and without any income?” Nagaraj wonders.Until recently, H-1B visas were championed by Silicon Valley companies as the solution to the region’s shortage of programmers and engineers. First issued by the INS in 1992, they attract skilled workers from other countries, many of whom bring families with them, lay down roots and apply for the more permanent green cards. Through February 2000, more than 81,000 worker held such visas —but with the dot-com crash, many have been getting laid off. That’s causing mass consternation in U.S. immigrant communities. The INS considers a worker “out of status” when he loses a job, which technically means that he must pack up and go home. But because of the scope of this year’s layoffs, the U.S. government has recently backpedaled, issuing a confusing series of statements that suggest workers might be able to stay if they qualify for some exceptions and can find a new company to sponsor their visa. But even those loopholes remain nebulous. The result is thousands of immigrants now face dimming career prospects in America, and the possibilities that they will be sent home. “They are in limbo. It is the greatest form of torture,” says Amar Veda of the Silicon Valley-based Immigrants Support Network.The crisis looks especially bad in light of all the heated visa rhetoric by Silicon Valley companies in the past few years. Last fall the industry won a big victory by getting Congress to approve an increase in the annual number of H-1B visas. Now, with technology firms retrenching, demand for such workers is slowing. Valley heavyweights like Intel, Cisco and Hewlett-Packard have all announced thousands of layoffs this year, which include many H-1B workers. The INS reported last month that only 16,000 new H-1B workers came to the United States in February —down from 32,000 in February of last year.Last month, acknowledging the scope of the problem, the INS told H-1B holders “not to panic,” and that there would be a grace period for laid-off workers before they had to leave the United States. INS spokeswomen Eyleen Schmidt promises that more specific guidance will come this month. “We are aware of the cutbacks,” she says. “We’re trying to be as generous as we can be within the confines of the existing law.”Part BTopic 1 (选题一)What Is the Force of Gravity?If you throw a ball up, it will come down again. What makes it come down? The ball comes down because it is pulled or attracted towards the Earth. The Earth exerts a force of attraction on all objects. Objects that are nearer to the Earth are attracted to it with a greater force than those that are further away. This force of attraction is known as the force of gravity. The gravitational force acting on an object at the Earth’s surface is called the weight of the object.All the heavenly bodies in space like the moon, the planets and the stars also exert an attractive force on objects.The bigger and heavier a body is, the greater is its force of gravity. Thus, since the moon is a smaller body than Earth, the force it exerts on an object at its surface is less than that exerted by the Earth on the same object on the Earth’s surface. In fact, the moon’s gravitational force is only one-sixth that of the Earth. This means that an object weighing 120 kilograms on Earth will only weigh 20 kilograms on the moon. Therefore on the moon you could lift weights which are six times heavier than the heaviest weight that you can lift on Earth.The Earth’s gravitational force or pull keeps us and everything else on Earth from floating away to space. To get out into space and travel to the moon or other planets we have to overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull.Entry into SpaceHow can we overcome the Earth’s gravitational pull? Scientists have been working on this for a long time. It is only recently that they have been able to build machines powerful enough to get out of the Earth’s gravitational pull. Such machines are called space rockets. Their great speed and power help them to escape from the Earth’s gravitational pull and go into space.RocketsThe powerful space rocket works along the same lines as a simple firework rocket. The firework rocket has a cylindrical body and a conical head. The body is packed with gunpowder which is the fuel. It is a mixture of chemicals that will burn rapidly to form hot gases.At the base or foot of the rocket there is an opening or nozzle. A fuse hangs out like a tail from the nozzle. A long stick attached along the body serves to direct the rocket before the fuse is lighted.When the gunpowder burns, hot gases rush out of the nozzle. The hot gases continue to rush out as long as the gunpowder burns. When these gases shoot downwards through the nozzle the rocket is pushed upwards. This is called jet propulsion. The simple experiment, shown in the picture, will help you to understand jet propulsion.Topic 2 （选题二）Basketball DiplomacyCHINA”S TALLEST SOLDIER never really expected to live the American Dream. But Wang Zhizhi, a 7-foot-1 basketball star from the People’s Liberation Army, is making history as the first Chinese player in the NBA. In his first three weeks in America the 23-year-old rookie has already cashed his first big NBA check, preside over “Wang Zhizhi Day” in San Francisco and become immortalized on his very own trading cards. He’s even played in five games with his new team, the Dallas Mavericks, scoring 24 points in just 38 minutes. Now the affable Lieutenant Wang is joining the Mavericks on their ride into the NBA playoffs —and he is intent on enjoying every minute. One recent evening Wang slipped into the hot tub behind the house of Mavericks assistant coach Donn Nelson. He leaned back, stretched out and pointed at a plane moving across the star-filled sky. In broken English, he started singing his favorite tune: “I believe I can fly. I believe I can touch the sky.”Back in China, the nation’s other basketball phenom, Yao Ming , can only dream of taking flight. Yao thought he was going to be the first Chinese player in the NBA. The 7-foot-5 Shanghai sensation is more highly touted than Wang: the 20-year-old could be the No.1 overall pick in the June NBA draft. But as the May 13 deadline to enter the draft draws near, Yao is still waiting for a horde of business people and apparatchiks to decide his fate. Last week, as Wang scored 13 points in the Dallas season finale, Yao was wading through a stream of bicycles on a dusty Beijing street.Yao and Wang are more than just freaks of nature in basketball shorts. The twin towers are national treasures, symbols of China’s growing stature in the world. They’re also emblematic of the NBA’s outsize dreams for conquering China. The NBA, struggling at home, sees salvation in the land of 1.3 billion potential hoop fans. China, determined to win the 2008 Olympics and join the World Trade Organization, is eager to make its mark on the world —on its own terms. The two-year struggle to get these young players into the NBA has been a cultural collision —this one far removed from U.S.-China bickering over spy planes and trade liberalization. If it works out, it could be —in basketball parlance —the ultimate give-and-go. “This is just like Ping-Pong diplomacy,”says Xia Song, a sport-marketingexecutive who represents Wang. “Only with a much bigger ball.”Two years ago it looked more like a ball and chain. Wang’s Army bosses were miffed when the Mavericks had the nerve to draft their star back in 1999. Nelson remembers flying to Beijing with the then owner Ross Perot Jr. —son of the eccentric billionaire —to hammer out a deal with the stone-faced communists of the PLA. “You could hear them thinking: ‘What is this NBA team doing, trying to lay claim to our property?’” Nelson recalls. “We tried to explain that this was an honor for Wang and for China.” There was no deal. Wang grew despondent and lost his edge on court.This year Yao became the anointed one. He eclipsed Wang in scoring and rebounding, and even stole away his coveted MVP award in the Chinese Basketball Association league. It looked as if his Shanghai team —a dynamic semicapitalist club in China’s most open city —would get its star to the NBA first.Then came the March madness. Wang broke out of his slump to lead the Army team to its sixth consecutive CBA title —scoring 40 in the final game. A day later the PLA scored some points of its own by announcing that Wang was free to go West. What inspired the change of heart? No doubt the Mavericks worked to build trust with Chinese officials (even inviting national- team coach Wang Fei to spend the 1999-2000 season in Dallas). There was also the small matter of Chinese pride. The national team stumbled to a 10th-place finish at the 2000 Olympics, after placing eighth in 1996. Even the most intransigent cadre could see that the team would improve only if it sent its stars overseas to learn from the world’s best players.Section 2: Chinese-English Translation （汉译英）Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）（20 points）中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。

全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试大纲第5页-口译笔译考试.doc

一、总论
全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语笔译三级考试设笔译综合能力测试和笔译实务测试。

(一)考试目的
检验应试者的笔译实践能力是否达到准专业译员水平。

(二)考试基本要求
1.掌握5000个以上英语词汇。

2.掌握英语语法和表达习惯。

3.有较好的双语表达能力。

4.能够翻译一般难度文章，基本把握文章主旨，译文基本忠实原文的事实和细节。

5.初步了解中国和英语国家的文化背景知识。

二、笔译综合能力
(一)考试目的
检验应试者对英语词汇、语法的掌握程度，以及阅读理解、推理与释义的能力。

(二)考试基本要求
1.掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。

2.掌握并能够正确运用双语语法。

3.具备对常用文体英语文章的阅读理解能力。

三、笔译实务
(一)考试目的
检验应试者双语互译的基本技巧和能力。

(二)考试基本要求
1.能够运用一般翻译策略和技巧，进行双语互译。

2.译文忠实原文，无明显错译、漏译。

3.译文通顺，用词正确。

4.译文无明显语法错误。

5.英译汉速度每小时300—400个英语单词;汉译英速度每小时200—300个汉字。

2。

2024年翻译专业资格考试大纲

2024年翻译专业资格考试大纲第一部分：考试目的和考试对象本部分介绍2024年翻译专业资格考试的目的以及考试对象。

1. 考试目的2024年翻译专业资格考试的目的是评估考生在翻译领域的知识、技能和能力。

该考试旨在培养和选拔高素质的翻译人才，为社会提供专业、高质量的翻译服务。

2. 考试对象2024年翻译专业资格考试的对象为具备一定翻译基础并希望在翻译行业发展的各类人员，包括在校翻译专业学生、在职翻译人员以及对翻译工作感兴趣的个人。

第二部分：考试内容与形式本部分介绍2024年翻译专业资格考试的内容和形式，包括考试科目、考试形式以及具体的考试内容。

1. 考试科目2024年翻译专业资格考试包括以下科目：(1) 翻译理论与实践(2) 语言学(3) 文学与文化(4) 专业知识与实务2. 考试形式2024年翻译专业资格考试采取笔试形式。

考试时间为一天，具体时间安排将在考前公布。

3. 考试内容(1) 翻译理论与实践- 翻译原理与方法- 翻译技巧与策略- 翻译实践案例分析(2) 语言学- 语言学基础知识- 语言学在翻译中的应用(3) 文学与文化- 文学作品鉴赏- 文化背景与翻译(4) 专业知识与实务- 相关领域知识（法律、商务、医学等）- 翻译技术与软件应用第三部分：考试评分标准本部分介绍2024年翻译专业资格考试的评分标准，包括评分方法和评分依据。

1. 评分方法2024年翻译专业资格考试采用综合评分方法，综合考虑考生的答卷质量和答题情况。

评分主要依据考生在各科目中所展示的翻译能力和专业知识。

2. 评分依据(1) 翻译理论与实践- 翻译准确性和流畅性- 翻译策略的合理性- 翻译文本的完整性和连贯性(2) 语言学- 语言表达准确性- 语言学概念理解和运用(3) 文学与文化- 对文学作品的理解和鉴赏能力- 对文化因素的准确把握(4) 专业知识与实务- 相关领域知识的应用准确性- 翻译工具和软件的熟练程度第四部分：考试报名和考试时间本部分介绍2024年翻译专业资格考试的报名方式和考试时间。

人事部翻译资格证书(CATTI)2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案

人事部翻译资格证书（CATTI）2005年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题及参考答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）（60 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2". Translate the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into Chinese. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 100 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（30 points）It was one of those days that the peasant fishermen on this tributary of the Amazon River dream about.With water levels falling rapidly at the peak of the dry season, a giant school of bass, a tasty fish that fetches a good price at markets, was swimming right into the nets being cast from a dozen small canoes here."With a bit of luck, you can make $350 on a day like this," Lauro Souza Almeida, a leader of the local fishermen's cooperative, exulted as he moved into position. "That is a fortune for people like us," he said, the equivalent of four months at the minimum wage earned by those fortunate enough to find work.But hovering nearby was a large commercial fishing vessel, a "mother boat" equipped with large ice chests for storage and hauling more than a dozen smaller craft. The crew on board was just waiting for the remainder of the fish to move into the river's main channel, where they intended to scoop up as many as they could with their efficient gill nets.A symbol of abundance to the rest of the world, the Amazon is experiencing a crisis of overfishing. As stocks of the most popular species diminish to worrisome levels, tensions are growing between subsistence fishermen and their commercial rivals, who are eager to enrich their bottom line and satisfy the growing appetite for fish of city-dwellers in Brazil and abroad.In response, peasants up and down the Amazon, here in Brazil and in neighboring countries like Peru, are forming cooperatives to control fish catches and restock their rivers and lakes. But that effort, increasingly successful, has only encouraged the commercial fishing operations, as well as some of the peasants' less disciplined neighbors, to step up their depredations."The industrial fishing boats, the big 20- to 30-ton vessels, they have a different mentality than us artisanal fishermen, who have learned to take the protection of the environment into account," said the president of the local fishermen's union. "They want to sweep everything up with their dragnets and then move on, benefiting from our work and sacrifice and leaving us with nothing."Part B Optional Translations (二选一题) （30 points）Topic 1 (选题一)Ever since the economist David Ricardo offered the basic theory in 1817, economic scripture has taught that open trade-free of tariffs, quotas, subsidies or other government distortions-improves the well-being of both parties. U.S. policy has implemented this doctrine with a vengeance. Why is free trade said to be universally beneficial? The answer is a doctrine called "comparative advantage".Here's a simple analogy. If a surgeon is highly skilled both at doing operations and performing routine blood tests, it's more efficient for the surgeon to concentrate on the surgery and pay a less efficient technician to do the tests, since that allows the surgeon to make the most efficient use of her own time.By extension, even if the United States is efficient both at inventing advanced biotechnologies and at the routine manufacture of medicines, it makes sense for the United States to let the production work migrate to countries that can make the stuff more cheaply. Americans get the benefit of the cheaper products and get to spend their resources on even more valuable pursuits, That, anyway, has always been the premise. But here Samuelson dissents. What if the lower wage country also captures the advanced industry?If enough higher-paying jobs are lost by American workers to outsourcing, he calculates, then the gain from the cheaper prices may not compensate for the loss in U.S. purchasing power."Free trade is not always a win-win situation," Samuelson concludes. It is particularly a problem, he says, in a world where large countries with far lower wages, like India and China, are increasingly able to make almost any product or offer almost any service performed in the United States.If America trades freely with them, then the powerful drag of their far lower will begin dragging down U.S. average wages. The U.S. economy may still grow, he calculates, but at a lower rate than it otherwise would have.Topic 2 （选题二）Uganda's eagerness for genuine development is reflected in its schoolchildren's smiles and in the fact that so many children are now going to school. Since 1997, when the government began to provide universal primary education, total primary enrollment had risen from 3 million to 7.6 million in 2004. Schools have opened where none existed before, although there is some way to go in reaching the poorest areas of the country.Uganda has also made strides in secondary and higher education, to the point that it is attracting many students from other countries. At the secondary level, enrollment is above 700,000, with the private sector providing the majority if schools. For those who want to take their education further, there are 12 private universities in addition to the four publicly funded institutions, together providing 75,000 places.Education is seen as a vital component in the fight against poverty. The battle for better health isanother, although it is one that will take longer to win in a country that carries a high burden of disease, including malaria and AIDS. Here, the solutions can only arise from a combination of international support and government determination to continue spending public money on preventive care and better public health information.Current government plants include recruiting thousands of nurses, increasing the availability of drugs and building 200 new maternity units.Uganda's high rate of population growth, at 3.6 percent per annum, poses a special challenge in the fight against poverty, says Finance Minister Gerald Ssendaula, who points out that the fertility rate, at 6.9 children per female, is the highest in Africa.The government's newly revised Poverty Eradication Action Plan (PEAP) puts the "restoration of security" at the top of the current government agenda. This is because it estimates that Uganda has lost 3 percent of its gross domestic product each year that the conflict has persisted. Displaced people are not only a financial burden, they are unable to the economy.The other core challenges identified by the revised PEAP are finding ways to keep the lowest income growing, improving the quality of education, giving people more control over the size of their families and using public resources transparently and efficiently. It is a document that other poor countries could learn from.Section 2: Chinese- English Translation（汉译英）（40 point）This section consists of two parts: Part A "Compulsory Translation" and Part B "Optional Translations" which comprises "Topic 1" and "Topic 2".Translation the passage in Part A and your choice from passage in Part B into English. Write "Compulsory Translation" above your translation of Part A and write "Topic 1" or "Topic 2" above your translation of the passage from Part B. The time for this section is 80 minutes.Part A Compulsory Translation （必译题）（20 points）矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

catti英语二级口译

catti英语二级口译CATTI英语二级口译是指中国翻译协会认证的英语口译能力等级考试二级口译。

该考试旨在测试考生在英语口译方面的能力，包括听力、口语、翻译和笔译等方面。

以下是关于CATTI英语二级口译的详细介绍。

一、考试内容CATTI英语二级口译考试分为两个部分，分别是听力口语和翻译笔译。

其中，听力口语部分包括三个环节：听力理解、口语表达和听译口译；翻译笔译部分包括两个环节：汉译英和英译汉。

1. 听力理解听力理解部分主要测试考生对英语听力的理解能力。

考试内容包括听取英语短文或对话，并根据听到的内容回答问题或完成任务。

考试时间为30分钟。

2. 口语表达口语表达部分主要测试考生的英语口语能力。

考试内容包括自我介绍、问答、口头翻译等。

考试时间为10分钟。

3. 听译口译听译口译部分主要测试考生的英语口译能力。

考试内容包括听取英语短文或对话，并根据听到的内容进行口译。

考试时间为20分钟。

4. 汉译英汉译英部分主要测试考生的英语翻译能力。

考试内容包括汉语短文或句子的翻译成英语。

考试时间为60分钟。

5. 英译汉英译汉部分主要测试考生的汉语翻译能力。

考试内容包括英语短文或句子的翻译成汉语。

考试时间为60分钟。

二、考试难度CATTI英语二级口译考试难度较大，需要考生具备较高的英语听说读写能力。

考试内容涉及多个领域，包括政治、经济、文化、科技等，考生需要有一定的综合素质和知识储备。

同时，考试时间紧张，需要考生具备较强的应变能力和心理素质。

三、备考建议1. 提高英语水平CATTI英语二级口译考试需要考生具备较高的英语水平，因此，考生需要提高自己的英语听说读写能力。

可以通过听英语广播、看英语电影、读英语报纸等方式提高英语水平。

2. 增加知识储备考试内容涉及多个领域，考生需要有一定的综合素质和知识储备。

可以通过阅读相关书籍、关注时事热点等方式增加知识储备。

3. 做题练习做题练习是提高考试水平的有效方式。

可以通过做历年真题、模拟题等方式进行练习，熟悉考试形式和题型，提高答题速度和准确性。

二级笔译资格考试

二级笔译资格考试
二级笔译资格考试（CATTI）是一项全国性的翻译专业资格认证考试，旨在测试考生的翻译能力和水平。

该考试分为口译和笔译两种形式，其中二级笔译考试要求考生具备较高的双语转换能力和语言表达能力。

二级笔译资格考试的考试内容主要包括综合能力和实务两个部分。

综合能力部分主要测试考生的英语和汉语语言水平，包括词汇、语法、阅读理解等，考试时间为2小时。

实务部分主要测试考生的翻译能力，包括英汉互译，考试时间为3小时。

考生需要通过二级笔译资格考试才能获得相应的资格证书。

该证书是翻译行业的一项重要资质证明，对于从事翻译工作的人来说具有很高的价值。

二级笔译资格考试的时间一般为每年两次，分别在5月下旬和11月下旬进行。

具体考试时间和报名时间可以在官方网站上查询。

英语catti二级笔译大纲

英语catti二级笔译大纲The Catti Level 2 English Translation Outline is a comprehensive guide designed for intermediate-level translators. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from business and legal documents to literature and tourism, ensuring a well-rounded skill set.This outline serves as a roadmap for aspiring translators, highlighting the importance of cultural nuances andlinguistic accuracy. It emphasizes the need for a deep understanding of both source and target languages to convey messages effectively.The Level 2 outline challenges candidates to demonstrate their ability to handle complex sentences and specialized terminology. It also encourages the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in translation scenarios.Practice is key to mastering the Catti Level 2 English Translation. The outline suggests engaging in regular translation exercises, reviewing feedback, and refining techniques to improve translation quality.The ultimate goal of this outline is to preparecandidates for real-world translation challenges, equipping them with the tools to excel in their careers and contributeto cross-cultural communication.By adhering to the Catti Level 2 English Translation Outline, translators can expect to enhance their professional capabilities, making them more competitive in the global market.。

全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试大纲

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译三级考试大纲（试行）一、全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译三级考试设口译综合能力测试和口译实务测试。

（一）考试目的检验应试者的口译实践能力是否达到准专业译员水平。

（二）考试基本要求1.掌握5000个以上的英语词汇。

2.初步了解中国和英语国家的文化背景知识。

3.胜任一般场合的交替传译。

二、口译综合能力（一）考试目的检验应试者的听力理解及信息处理的基本能力。

（二）考试的基本要求1.掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。

2.具备一般场合所需要的英语听力、理解和表达能力。

三、口译实务（一）考试目的检验应试者的听力理解、记忆、信息处理及语言表达能力。

（二）考试基本要求1.发音正确，吐字清晰。

2.语流顺畅，语速适中。

3.能够运用口译技巧，传递原话信息，无明显错译、漏译。

4.无明显语法错误。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语笔译三级考试大纲（试行）一、总论全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语笔译三级考试设笔译综合能力测试和笔译实务测试。

（一）考试目的检验应试者的笔译实践能力是否达到准专业译员水平。

（二）考试基本要求掌握5000个以上英语词汇。

掌握英语语法和表达习惯。

有较好的双语表达能力。

能够翻译一般难度文章，基本把握文章主旨，译文基本忠实原文的事实和细节。

初步了解中国和英语国家的文化背景知识。

二、笔译综合能力（一）考试目的检验应试者对英语词汇、语法的掌握程度，以及阅读理解、推理与释义的能力。

（二）考试基本要求掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。

掌握并能够正确运用双语语法。

具备对常用文体英语文章的阅读理解能力。

三、笔译实务（一）考试目的检验应试者双语互译的基本技巧和能力。

（二）考试基本要求能够运用一般翻译策略和技巧，进行双语互译。

译文忠实原文、无明显错译、漏译。

译文通顺、用词正确。

译文无明显语法错误。

英译汉速度每小时约300-400个英语单词；汉译英速度每小时约200-300个汉字。

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级(交替传译)考试大纲（试行）一、总论全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级考试设口译综合能力测试和口译实务（交替传译）测试。

catti2023二口考点

catti2023二口考点尊敬的读者，您好！本文将为您详细介绍CATTI 2023二口考点，帮助您全面了解考试内容、备考策略以及提升口语表达能力的方法。

以下是正文内容：一、CATTI 2023 二口考试简介CATTI（China Accreditation Test for Translators and Interpreters）是我国翻译和口译行业的一项权威认证考试。

二口考试主要测试考生的口语表达能力，包括中英双语之间的互译和口语交互能力。

通过考试，考生将获得翻译专业资格证书，为从事翻译和口译工作提供有力支持。

二、考试大纲及要求CATTI 2023二口考试大纲主要包括以下几个方面：1.词汇量：要求掌握大约5000个词汇，包括日常生活、工作、社会、文化、经济、政治等领域的词汇。

2.语法：掌握基本的英语语法规则，能正确表达意思。

3.口语表达：要求发音准确、语言流畅、表达清晰、逻辑性强。

4.翻译：能准确、流畅地进行中英双语互译，掌握一定的翻译技巧。

三、备考策略与建议1.扩大词汇量：通过阅读、听力、背单词等方式，积累各类词汇，特别是高频词汇。

2.提高口语水平：多与外国友人交流，参加口语角或语言实践活动，提高口语实战能力。

3.学习翻译技巧：研究翻译教材、参加翻译培训课程，提高翻译水平。

4.模拟试题练习：通过做历年真题，了解考试题型，提高应试能力。

四、提升口语表达能力的方法1.模仿：多听英语原声资料，模仿标准发音、语调、语速，提高口语表达能力。

2.重复：将一段口语材料反复练习，直至熟练掌握。

3.角色扮演：模拟实际场景，与他人进行对话练习，提高口语交互能力。

4.积累话题：整理各类口语话题，如日常生活、工作、娱乐等，提高话题应对能力。

五、模拟试题与答案解析以下为一道模拟试题及答案解析：Question: What are the advantages of using public transportation?Answer: The advantages of using public transportation include the following:1.Cost-effective: Public transportation is generally cheaper than private vehicles, helping passengers save money on fuel and maintenance costs.2.Environmentally friendly: Public transportation reduces air and noise pollution, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable environment.3.Convenient: Public transportation provides reliable and frequent service, allowing passengers to avoid traffic congestion and reach theirdestinations on time.4.Socially beneficial: Public transportation promotes equality and inclusivity, ensuring access to transportation for people with disabilities and low-income households.5.Energy-efficient: Public transportation uses less energy per passenger mile compared to private vehicles, helping to conserve energy resources.通过以上内容，相信您对CATTI 2023二口考试有了更深入的了解。

2023年11月catti 二笔英译汉

2023年11月catti 二笔英译汉在2023年11月的catti考试中，英语二笔的英译汉部分是备受考生关注的重点内容。

英译汉作为catti考试的一部分，对于翻译从业者来说至关重要。

它不仅考察着考生的英语水平，更重要的是对翻译能力的全面考核。

在这篇文章中，我们将深入探讨2023年11月catti英译汉的考试内容和备考策略。

一、考试内容2023年11月catti英译汉的考试内容主要涵盖了常见的商务英语、国际贸易、法律文书等领域。

考题可能涉及到合同、协议、公函、商业报告等各种文体。

对于考生而言，除了对英语本身的要求，还需要具备丰富的专业知识和敏锐的语言嗅觉，能够准确把握原文的意思并恰当地表达出来。

在备考过程中，考生需要通过大量阅读、翻译练习和模拟考试来提升自己的翻译水平。

熟悉各类商务文件和国际贸易条款，掌握相关行业的专业术语和常用表达，是备考的重点之一。

二、备考策略针对2023年11月catti英译汉的备考策略，我们可以从以下几个方面进行重点突破。

1. 针对性复习：根据往年的考试内容和趋势，有针对性地复习相关领域的知识和常见表达，比如国际贸易方式、付款方式、信用证条款等。

专项复习可以帮助考生更好地把握重点，提高备考效率。

2. 多练多翻：在备考过程中，多进行翻译练习，尤其是针对商务文件的翻译。

可以选择一些真实的商务文件进行翻译，不仅可以提高翻译能力，还可以增加对实际工作的熟悉度。

3. 全面提升：除了专业知识和翻译能力外，考生还需要全面提升自己的英语水平。

包括听力、口语、阅读和写作等方面的综合能力。

只有全面提升才能应对考试中的各种挑战。

三、个人见解作为catti英译汉考试的写手，我深知备考的艰辛和挑战。

在备考过程中，考生需要坚持不懈地努力，不断提升自己的翻译能力和专业水平。

我个人认为，备考过程就是一个逐渐成长和完善自己的过程，每一次的努力都将为未来的成功打下坚实的基础。

2023年11月catti英译汉考试对考生的要求是全面的，需要考生在英语水平、专业知识和翻译能力上都有相当的积累和提升。

阿拉伯语笔译二级考试大纲(2020版)

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试阿拉伯语笔译二级考试大纲一、总论全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试阿拉伯语笔译二级考试设置“笔译综合”和“笔译实务”两个科目。

应试人员须：1、遵守中华人民共和国宪法和法律法规，贯彻落实党和国家方针政策；2、具有良好的职业道德，具有推动翻译行业发展的职业使命感和一般推动作用，具备相应的翻译专业能力和业务技能；3、具备较强的敬业精神，热爱本职工作，认真履行岗位职责。

二、考试目的检验应试人员能否独立承担本专业较高难度的笔译工作。

三、基本要求应试人员应做到：1、具备扎实的语言基础和较好的双语表达能力，熟练掌握7000个以上阿拉伯语单词；2、较透彻了解中国、涉阿拉伯语国家和地区的社会、历史、文化等背景情况；掌握较深厚的多领域相关专业知识；3、较好掌握翻译理论，较熟练运用各类高级翻译方法；4、翻译较高难度的文章，把握文章主旨，较准确传传递源语的事实和细节，语法正确，文字较通顺。

四、笔译综合能力（一）考试目的检验应试人员掌握与运用阿拉伯语语法和词汇的程度、阅读理解和推理与释义能力、语言表达能力。

（二）基本要求1、快速阅读、理解各类较高难度阿拉伯语文章的主要内容；2、正确获取与处理相关信息；3、熟练运用语言技巧，及时做出较准确判断和正确选择，无明显错漏。

五、笔译实务（一）考试目的检验应试人员掌握与运用中外语互译的能力。

（二）基本要求1、较快速阅读、理解较高难度阿拉伯语文章的主要内容；2、熟练运用翻译策略与技巧，较准确、完整地进行双语互译，无明显错译、漏译；3、译文忠实原文，语言较规范，用词正确，译文通顺，无过多文法错误。

4、阿译汉速度每小时400—500个单词；汉译阿速度每小时300—400个汉字。

阿拉伯语笔译二级考试模块设置一览表《笔译综合能力》序号题型题量记分时间(分钟) 1词汇和语法40道选择题40302阅读理解30道选择题45703标符号300—400单词文章一段1520总计————100120《笔译实务》序号题型题量记分时间(分钟)1翻译阿译汉两段文章，共700—800单词左右。