化学单词中英对照
化学用语中英文对照
化学用语中英文对照organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸 nitric acid 硝酸 aqua fortis 王水 fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的refining 炼油refinery 炼油厂cracking 裂化separation 分离fractionating tower 分馏塔fractional distillation 分馏distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔polymerizing, polymerization 聚合reforming 重整purification 净化hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物crude oil, crude 原油petrol 汽油 (美作:gasoline)LPG, liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气 LNG, liquefied natural gas 液化天然气 octane number 辛烷数,辛烷值vaseline 凡士林paraffin 石蜡kerosene, karaffin oil 煤油gas oil 柴油lubricating oil 润滑油asphalt 沥青benzene 苯fuel 燃料natural gas 天然olefin 烯烃high-grade petrol, high-octane petrol 高级汽油,高辛烷值汽油 plastic 塑料chemical fiber 化学纤维synthetic rubber 合成橡胶solvent 溶剂product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式 valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用 compound 合成物alloy 合金metal 金属metalloid 非金属。
(完整版)化学英语词汇
●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group(主族:main group)Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体:对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积,压力,温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵(标准熵)30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s(p,d,f)轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素,原子数,质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名,组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族(硼,铝,镓,铟,铊)135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族(碳,硅,锗,锡,铅)137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨,一氧化碳,二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸,碳酸盐,碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid,Silicates 硅酸,硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族(磷,砷,锑,铋)142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨,硝酸,磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐,卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素(氧,硫,硒,碲)145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧,过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素(氟,氯,溴,碘)148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物,氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁,铜,锌,汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差(RSD)189. coefficient variation 变异系数(CV)190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量(OC)254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。
化学高中单词中英对照
化学咼中单词中英对照foundation chemistry 基础化学 acid hydrofluoric acid 氢氟酸 identical 同一的,相等的in terms of 根据,在 .......... 方面 innermost 最内的,最深的 interaction相互作用apparatus 仪器,装置 aqueous solution 水溶液 arrangement of electrons 设 电子排列 assumption atom 原子(化 学变化中的最小粒子) atomic mass 原子量 internal structure 内部结构interpret解释investigate 研究,调查ionisation energy 电离能(从原子或分子中移走一个电子至 无穷远处所需的能量,以电子伏特 eV 表示)atomic number 原子序数 atomic radius 原子半径atomic structure 原子结构 be composed of 由 组成 bombardment 撞击 boun dary 界限 cathode rays 阴极射线 cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极电子示波器 ceramic 陶器制品 charge-clouds电子云charge-to-mass ratio (e/m ) 测量以质量与其离子电荷之比表示) 质荷比(质谱分析时样品质量的 chemical behaviour 化 学行为 chemical property 性质) 化学性质(物质在化学变化中表现岀来的 clockwise 顺时针方向的 compound 化合物(由不同元素组成的纯净物) configuration 构型 copper 铜copper correspond to 似 corrosive 腐蚀 d-block elements d 区元素 deflect derive from 源于 deuterium 使偏向,使转向 氘 diffuse mixture 扩散混合物 distance effect 距离效应 distil 蒸馏区别 distinguish 布 doubly charged(2+) ion 染料 distribution 正二价离子 dye in solutions 荷 electrical电中性原子 effect of electric current 电流在溶液里的影响 electrical charge field 电场 electrically 电 electrolysis electricity electron 电子(负电荷粒子,电量等于x 10 电子屏蔽 neutral 电解 atom -10绝对静电单位) electron shielding element 元素(具有相同核电荷数即荷内质子数的一类原子的 发射光 总称) emission spectrum 谱(根据发射光源和激发能量方式所产生的特征电磁波谱) energy level 层) 能态,能级(稳态能量,有相同主量数的电子壳 肥料 fertiliser first ionisation energy 一级电离能 荧光屏 fluorescent screen fuel 燃料 fundamental substance 基础物质 fuzzy 模糊的 galaxy 气态 星系,银河 gas 气体 gaseous state gravity 重力 Group I 第一族 Heisenberg ' s uncertainty principle 海森堡测不准原理ionise 电离isotope 同位素(原子里具有相同的质子数和不同的中子数的 同一元素的原子互称同位素) .Thomson ' s e/m experiment 汤姆森质何比实验Latin 拉丁 lepton轻粒子 liquidmagnet 磁铁 magnetic field 磁场 Cross 马耳他十字 mass number 质量数 foil 金箔 meteorite 纟细菌 model-buildingmarble matter液体Maltese 大理石 物质 metal陨星 microbe 微生物,模型建筑mole 摩尔(表示一个系统的物质的量的单位,该系统中所包含 的基本单元数与12g 碳12即12C 的原子数目相等,每摩尔物质含有 阿佛加德罗常数个微粒)molecule 分子(保持物质的化学性质的最小粒子) narrow beam 狭窄的光线negative electrode (cathode )阴极 negligible 可以忽略的 neutron 中子 nitrate 硝酸盐 noble gas稀有气体normal pressures 常压 nuclear charge(原子)核电荷 nuclear model for atoms 原子核模型nuclear reaction 核反应nucleus () 核 Orbital 轨道 araffin wax 石蜡 particle 微粒,粒子 Pauli exclusion principle保里不相容原理(每个原子轨道至多只能容纳两个电子;而且,这两个电子自旋方向必须相反 ) Periodic Table 周期表 physical property 物理性质(物质不需要发生化学变化就表 现岀来的性质,如颜色、状态、气味、熔沸点、密度等)plastics 塑料 plum-pudding 李子布丁positive charge 正电荷(带有质子的物质,用丝绸摩擦玻璃 棒,在棒上会产生正电荷) positive electrode (anode ) 阳极positively charged particle (ion )离子potential difference 电位prediction预言principal quantumnumber主量子数(标示轨道电子的波函数,包括轨道角动量和自旋量子数,电子的能级和距原子核的平均距离主要取决于主量子数)probe 探测,探究proton 质子quantum (pl. quanta )量子(一个电子转移到原子的下一层轨道时发出的有限辐射能单位)quantum mechanics 量子力学Quantum Theory 量子理论quark 夸克(组成基本粒子的更小的粒子)radioactive source 放射源repel 排斥repulsion 斥力散射作用薛定谔(波动)方程(一偏微分方程,scintillation 火花屏蔽效应单质(指由同种元素组成的纯净物)sphere 球spi n 自旋sub-atomic particle 原子内的粒子subset 子集,小团体successive ionisation energy 逐级电离能symbol 符号symmetry 对称the lowest-energyorbitals 最低能量轨道transition elements 过渡元素X-ray X 射线a - particles a 粒子,即alpha-particle (带有两个质子和中子的粒子,即氦原子核,对物质的穿透力较强,流速约为光速的1/10 )a - ray a 射线 B - ray B 射线B - particles B 粒子Y -parti icles 丫粒子丫-ray 身寸线acid 酸organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系歹廿hydrochloric acid 盐酸aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应respectively 分另U地rung 梯级scatteringeffect Schr?dingerequation 描述基本粒子波动性)shell 电子壳层shielding effectsimpler substancesolid 固体stable state 无稳态sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbo n 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱precipitation toprecipitateBunsen burner沉淀沉淀本生灯product 反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备剂PH indicator PH 值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水ferme ntati on 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解军electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的refining 炼油refinery 炼油厂cracking 裂化separation 分离fractionating tower 分馏塔fractional distillation 分纟留distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔polymerizing, polymerization 聚合reformi ng 重整purification 净化hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物crude oil, crude 原油petrol 汽油(美作:gasoline) LPG, liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气LNG, liquefied natural gas 液化天然气Vaseline 凡士林paraffin 石蜡kerosene, karaffin oil 煤油gas oil 柴油lubricating oil 润滑油asphalt 沥青benzene 苯fuel 燃料natural gas 天然high-grade petrol, high-octane petrol 高级汽油,高辛plastic 塑料chemical fiber 化学纤维synthetic rubber 合成橡胶solvent 溶剂Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH 值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管still 蒸馏釜crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金metal 金属metalloid 非金属Hydrogen(H) 氢lodine(l) 碘alkalinization 碱化烷值汽油Iron(Fe) 铁Lead(Pb) 铅Magnesium(Mg)镁ExercisesQuestions 1-3 refer to the following aqueous solutio ns.(A) M HCl(B) M NaCI(C) M HC2H3O2(D) M CH 3 OH(E) M KOH1. Is weakly acidic2. Has the highest pH3. Reacts with an equal volume of MBa(OH)2 to form a solution with pH = 7KEY () ( ) ( )4. If the molar mass of NH 3 is 17g/mol, what isthe den sity of this compou nd at STP (标准状况)?A. L B. L C. L D. L E. LQiMStioEH U3 rtftr to tbe fuHawiiig pieces of latxoretoryequfpineiit.(A) CMitJciucr(BJ Fiuirx](Q Pipet(D) Bd&jiee(E) BaromierI- Oo nunon ly used(o mskr xt exact volume or liquid from on* ooncajncr to woiher2. Convmonly u$cd in a j ciu p3. Cominanly u»d w a filuation yrupQu 臂tfons 4-fi refer to liitroilowini inform A U OHHNa2CrO4. a Jidubk yeflow solidPW>O4, an in»lubLc yfiUiw NaNOj. n soluble white solidPU(NOj)?r I soluble white wiid(柑Yellow solid and cckrlcsj SO I UUQD 泊} Yellow johd and yrlbwujluiLon (C) White solqd a.nd colcHless sohden (D> Nd iciid andyellow solution (£) No solid and colork隔solutton £ Observed when 1.0 mol of NijCiOj »nd 2^0 mol of 划h 城巾说曲with 1 L of wdicri. u^hen 3.C mol of NajCrD^ and 1,0 molof Pb(NOj}j are mixed with T Lof water& Observed when 1.0 mol of NiNQ and I .Omol of FbthOjjj 3ft mixed with 1 L of waterQuestions 1413 ^fcr to folio wing ]>airs pf 5ub5laiKes.(A) NMj Md H)H t⑻叱咖P O(C) NHiCI 朗cl NH4NO J(D) CHjOa^j and CH V CH;OH(£> 0; and 0$10. A JC isoEopesIL H^vc ionic and GOV aj em bo nils\2. A JT 41lotrope&U. An stjfihg in Aqueous SAhtionQuestions 18-20 refer to tbe following gasg(A) O, •(B)Q(C)co(D) a2(E) SO218. Contrilxites to acid rain19. In the stratosphere, screens out a large faction ofdltraviokt wys from the Sun20. 【$ ■ product of the incomplete combustion ofhydrocarbons。
有机化学中常见名词中英文对照
有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid (松香酸)acetal(缩醛)acid anhydride(酸酐)A.Couper(古柏尔)acridine(吖啶)acronycine (山油柑碱)acidylating reaction(酰化反应)acyl group(酰基)acyl halide (酰卤)adenine(腺嘌呤)adrenal cortex hormone (肾上腺皮质激素) A.Kekule(开库勒)alanine(丙氨酸)alcoholysis(醇解)aldehyde(醛)alicyclic hydrocarbon(脂环烃)alizarin(茜草素)alizarin-type(茜素型)alkane(烷烃)alkene(烯烃)alkylation(傅-克烷基化反应)alkyne(炔烃)aloeemodin (芦荟大黄素)amines(胺类)amide(酰胺)amidino(脒基)amino acid(氨基酸)β-aminobutyric acid(β-氨基丁酸)ammonolysis(氨解)andiron formula(锯架式)andrographolide (穿心莲内酯)anisodine (樟柳碱)annulene(轮烯)anomer(异头物)anomeric effect(异头效应)anthocyanidin (花色素)anthraquinone (蒽醌)anthrol (蒽酚)anthrone (蒽酮)anthracene(蒽)antiaromaticity or antiaromatic compound(反芳香性化合物)apigenin (芹菜素)apple polyphenols (苹果多酚) aromatic compound(芳香性化合物)aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)aromaticity(芳香性)aromatization(芳构化)arecoline (槟榔碱)arginine(精氨酸)aspartic acid(天冬氨酸)asymmetric carbon atom (手性碳原子) atomic orbital(原子轨道)A.Wurtz reaction(武兹反应)axial bond(直立键,a键)azulene)Baeyer(拜耳)baicalein (黄芩素)baicalin (黄芩苷)barbital(巴比妥)barbituric acid(巴比妥酸) base complementary(碱基配对) benzoimidazole(苯并咪唑)benzothiazole(苯并噻唑)benzene(苯)berberine (小檗碱)Berzelius(伯察留史)beta-pleated sheet( -折叠)bi-anthracene nucleus (双蒽核) biological methylate(生物甲基化)biuret reaction(缩二脲反应)σbond (σ键)πbond (π键)borneol (龙脑)Braun reaction (布朗反应)bridged hydrocarbon(桥环烃)bytrepob(布特力洛夫)camphor(樟脑)cardiac glycosides(强心苷) camptothecine (喜树碱)carotene (胡萝卜素)carthamin (红花苷)carbene(卡宾;碳烯)carbohydrate(碳水化合物)carbonyl (羰基)carboxyl(羧基)carboxylic acid(羧酸)cassiamine (山扁豆双醌)catechin (儿茶素)cellobiose(纤维二糖)cellulose(纤维素)cephalin(脑磷脂)chain carbon constitution(链状碳架)chain initiation step(链引发阶段)chain propagation step(链增长阶段)chain termination step(链终止阶段)chalcone (查尔酮)charge-transfer complex(电荷转移络合物)chemical bond(化学键)chemocholic acid(鹅去氧胆酸)chirality(手性)chitin(甲壳质)chitosamine(壳糖胺)chlorophyll(叶绿素)cholalic acid (胆甾酸)cholestane (胆甾烷)cholesterol (胆甾醇)chromatography(色谱法)chrysophanol 9-anthrone (9-蒽酮大黄酚)chrysarobin (柯桠素)cinchonine(金鸡宁)cis-trans isomer(顺反异构体)cistrans isomerism(顺反异构)citral(柠檬醛)Claisen rearrangement(克莱森重排)Claisen-Schmidt reaction(克莱森-斯密特反应)cocaine (古柯碱)codonopsine (党参碱)concerted reaction(协同反应)condensed nuclei hydrocarbon(稠环烃)conformation(构象)conformational isomerism(构象异构)coniine (毒芹碱)conjugated diene(共轭二烯烃)conjugation system (共轭体系)conjugative effect(共轭效应)conservation of orbital symmetry(分子轨道对称性守恒理论)constitutional isomerism (构造异构)coprostane (粪甾烷)cortisone (可的松)crown ether(冠醚)cumulative diene(聚集二烯烃)curcumenol (莪术醇)cyanidin (矢车菊素)cyclic carbon constitution(环状碳架)cycloaddition recation(环加成反应)cycloalkane (脂环烃)cyclodextrin(环糊精)cysteine(半胱氨酸)daidzein (大豆黄素)Darzens reaction(达尔森反应) decarboxylation(脱羧反应) delocaization(离域)delocalization energy(离域能) delocalized electron(离域电子)delocalized energy(离域能)delphinidin(飞燕草素)denature(变性)deoxyribonucleic acid(脱氧核糖核酸) derivative of carboxylic acid (羧酸衍生物) diastereoisomer(非对映体)diazotization reaction(重氮化反应)diazonium salt(重氮盐)diborane(乙硼烷)dichlorocarbene(二氯卡宾)β-dichroine (β-常山碱)Diels—Alder reaction(狄尔斯—阿尔德反应)diene(双烯体,二烯烃)dienophile(亲双烯体)dihydrochalcone (二氢查尔酮) β—dihydrotheelin (β—雌二醇)distillation(蒸馏法)diterpenoids (二萜类)effective atomic number(有效原子序数)E.J.Cory—H.House reaction(科瑞—郝思反应)electric field scan(电场扫描)18-electron rule(18电子规则)electromeric effect(电性效应)electrophilic addition(亲电加成反应)electrophilic substitution(亲电取代)electrophile(亲电性试剂)elimination reaction(消除反应)Emde degradation (埃姆德降解)1-emetine(1-吐根碱)emodin-type (大黄素型)enantiomerism(对映异构)enantiomer(对映体)end-group effect(端基效应)entgegen(E,相反之意)energy of activation(活化能)enzyme(酶)ephedrine (麻黄碱)epicatechin (表儿茶素)epicatechin gallate(表儿茶素没食子酸酯) epigallocatechin (表没食子儿茶素)epigallocatechin gallate (表没食子儿茶素,没食子酸酯) epimer(差向异构体)epoxidation(环氧化反应)equatorial bond(平伏键,e键)ergometrine(麦角新碱)ergostenol (麦角甾醇)essential amino acid(必需氨基酸)essential fatty acid(必需脂肪酸)ester(酯)esterification(酯化反应)extraction(萃取法)farnesol (金合欢醇)fatty acid(脂肪酸)Fischer projection formula(费歇尔投影式)flavanol (黄烷醇)flavanone (二氢黄酮)flavanonol (二氢黄酮醇)flavonoid (黄酮)flavonol (黄酮醇)formalin(福尔马林)free radical (自由基)free radical chain reaction (自由基链反应) Freon (氟利昂)Friedel-Crafts reaction (傅瑞德尔-克拉夫兹反应) reagent ( 试剂 )frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)fructose (果糖)fucose (海藻糖)furan (呋喃)fused ring carbon constitution (稠环碳架) F.Wohler (武勒)Gabreil reaction (盖布瑞尔合成法)galactose (半乳糖)..Frohde ..Frohdegallocatechin (没食子儿茶素)gallocatechin gallate (没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯) Gattermann-Koch reaction(盖特曼-科希反应)geometricalisomer(几何异构体)germacrone (杜鹃酮)glucose(葡萄糖)glutamic acid(谷氨酸)glutamine(谷酰胺)glycerol(甘油)glycocholic acid (甘氨胆酸)glycogen(糖原)glycoside(糖苷)glycyrrhizic acid (甘草酸)glycyrrhetinicacid (甘草次酸)Gmelin(哥美林)green tea polyphenols(绿茶多酚)Grignard Reaction(格氏反应)Grignard Reagent(格林那试剂,格氏试剂)G.Schiemann reaction(希曼反应)guaiazulene (愈创木奥)guanidine(胍)guanidino (胍基)guanine(鸟嘌呤)guanyl (脒基)haloform(卤仿)halogenation(卤代反应)halogenation reaction(卤化反应)Haworth(哈沃斯)heat of hydrogenation(氢化热)heat of reaction(反应热)hemiacetal(半缩醛)hesperetin (橙皮素)Hinsberg reaction(兴斯堡反应)histidine(组氨酸)H.Kolbe(科尔贝)Hoffmann degradation(霍夫曼降解反应)Hoffmann elimination(霍夫曼消除)Hoffmann exhaustive methylation(霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应)HOMO(Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital,最高被占用分子轨道) homolog(同系物)homologous series(同系列)hormone (激素)Hückel rule(休克尔规则)hybrid orbital(杂化轨道)hydroboration(硼氢化反应)hydrocortisone (氢化可的松) hydrogen bond(氢键)hydrolysis(水解)hyoscyamine (莨菪碱) hyperconjugation effect(超共轭效应)imidazole(咪唑)inclusion compound(包含物)indole(吲哚)inductive effect(诱导效应)infrared spectroscopy(红外光谱)insulin(胰岛素)invert sugar(转化糖)iodine number(碘值)tectoridin (鸢尾苷)isoelectric point(PI,等电点)isoflavanone (二氢异黄酮)isoflavone (异黄酮)isolated diene(隔离二烯烃)isoleucine(异亮氨酸)isoliquiritigenin (异甘草素)isomer(同分异构体)isoquinoline(异喹啉)isorhamnetin (异鼠李素) isorhynchophylline (异钩藤碱)isothiazole(异噻唑)isoxazole(异噁唑)Jones reagent(琼斯试剂)ketal(缩酮)ketone(酮)K.fries rearrangement(傅瑞斯重排)K.Fukui (福井谦一)Knoevenagel reaction(克脑文盖尔反应)Kolbe-Schmidt reaction(柯尔柏-施密特反应)Kutchcrov reaction(库切洛夫反应)lactose(乳糖)lecithin(卵磷脂)leptosidin (莱普西汀)leucine(亮氨酸)leucocyanidin (无色矢车菊素)limonene (苧烯)Lindlar(林德拉)liquiritin (甘草苷)lithium methide(甲基锂)lobeline (山梗菜碱)Lucas reagent(卢卡斯试剂)LUMO(Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital)最低空余分子轨道lupinine (羽扇豆碱)lycopene (番茄红素)lycopodine (石松碱)lysine(赖氨酸)maackiain (高丽槐素)Macquis reagent (Macquis试剂)macrophylline (大叶千里光碱)magnesium acetate reaction (醋酸镁反应)magnetic field scan(磁场扫描)malonyl urea(丙二酰脲)maltose(麦芽糖)Mannich reaction(满尼希反应)mannose(甘露糖)mass spectroscopy(质谱)matrine (苦参碱)M. Besthelot(佰赛儒)Mclafferty(麦可拉费蒂重排)(-)-melacacidin [(-)黑金合欢素]menthol(薄荷醇)(±)-menthol [(±)-薄荷醇] menthone (薄荷酮)mesomer (内消旋体)methionine(蛋氨酸)methylporgestin (甲孕酮)provera(甲孕酮)methyltestosterone (甲基睾丸素) molecular orbital(分子轨道)molecular orbital theory(分子轨道理论)monoanthracene nucleus (单蒽核) monocrotaline (一野百合碱)monomer(单体)monoterpenoids (单萜) monosaccharide(单糖)morphine (吗啡)mutarotation(变旋光现象)naphthalene(萘)narcotine (那可汀)natrium amalgam reaction (钠汞齐反应) (±)-neomenthol [(±)-新薄荷醇] nerol (橙花醇)Newman projection(纽曼投影式)Newman projection formula(纽曼投影式)Nicol prism(尼科尔棱镜)nicotine (烟碱)ninhydrin(茚三酮)nitration(硝化反应)nitro compound(硝基化合物)nonaromatic compound(非芳香性化合物)nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon(非苯芳烃)nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(核磁共振谱)nucleic acid(核酸)nucleophilic addition(亲核加成反应)nucleophilic reagent(亲核试剂)nucleoside(核苷)nucleotide(核苷酸)ocimene (罗勒烯)oligosaccharide(寡糖)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)Oppenaner oxidizing reaction(欧芬脑尔氧化)optical isomer (旋光异构体)optical rotation instrument(旋光仪)organometallic compound(有机金属化合物)organometallics (金属有机化合物)orientation rule (定位规则)oxanthranol (氧化蒽酚)oxazole (噁唑)oxidation number (氧化值)oxidation state (氧化态)盐)oxonium salt oxymatrine (氧化苦参碱)palmatine (巴马汀)papaverine (罂粟碱)paraffin (烷烃)pelargonidin(天竺葵素)peptide (肽)peptide bond (肽键)peptide linkage(肽键)pericyclic reaction (周环反应)Perkin reaction (柏金反应)permeation (透析法)peroxide (过氧化物)peroxide effect (过氧化物效应)phellamurin (黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷)phenanthrene (菲)phenylalanine (苯丙氨酸)phosphorus ylide(膦叶立德)phylloxanthin (叶黄素)physostigmine (毒扁豆碱)pinacol(频哪醇)pinene (蒎烯)piperine (胡椒碱)plane polarized light (平面偏振光) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(多环芳烃)polymer(聚合物)polynuclear aromatic compound(稠环芳烃)polypeptide(多肽)polyreaction(聚合反应)polysaccharide(多糖)polytetrafluroethyleney(泰氟隆)unsaturated fatty acid(不饱和脂肪酸) precipitation(沉淀法)primary structure(一级结构)proanthocyanidin (原花色素) progesterone (黄体酮)protein(蛋白质)pseudoephedrine (伪麻黄碱)pteridine(蝶啶)purine(嘌呤)pyran(吡喃)pyrazine(吡嗪)pyrazole(吡唑)pyridazine(哒嗪)pyridine(吡啶)pyrimidine(嘧啶)pyrrole(吡咯)quaternary structure(四级结构)quercetin (槲皮素)quinine (奎宁)quinoline(喹啉)quinones(醌)racemic mixture(外消旋体)racemization(外消旋化)rancidity(酸败)Raney Ni(兰尼镍)reaction mechanism(反应历程)Reimer-Tiemann reaction(瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应)reserpine (利血平)residue(残基)resonance energy(共振能)resonance hybrid(共振杂化体)resonance theory(共振论)resonating structure(共振结构式)resveratrol (白藜芦醇)R.B.Woodward(伍德沃德)rhein (大黄酸)R.Hoffmann (霍夫曼)rhynchophylline (钩藤碱)ribonucleic acid(核糖核酸)ribose(核糖)rotation (旋光度)rutin (芦丁)saccharide(糖类)Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction(桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应)Sandmeyer reaction(桑得迈尔反应)saponification(皂化)saponification number(皂化值)Sarrett reagent(沙瑞特试剂)Sawhares projection(萨哈斯投影式)sawhorse projection formula(锯架式)Schiff’s base(西佛碱)secondary structure(二级结构)securinine (一叶萩碱)sennoside A、B、C、D (番泻苷A、B、C、D) serine(丝氨酸)sesquiterpenoids (倍半萜)sigmatropic reaction(σ键迁移反应)silane(硅烷)single bond(单键)sinoacutine (清风藤碱)β—sitosterol (β—谷甾醇)skyrin (天精,醌茜素)S N(Nucleophilic substitution)(亲核取代)S N1(单分子亲核取代反应)S N2 (双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction (四氢硼钠反应) sparteine (金雀花碱)specific rotation (比旋光度)sphingomyelin(鞘磷脂)spiro hydrocarbon(螺环烃)squalene (鲨烯)stachydrine (水苏碱)starch(淀粉)stereochemistry (立体化学)stereoisomer(立体异构)stereocpecificity (立体专一性)steroidal compound (甾体化合物)Stevens rearrangement(史蒂文斯重排)stigmastane (豆甾烷)strychnine (士的宁)sucrose(蔗糖)sulfonation(磺化反应)systematic nomenclature(系统命名法)taurocholic acid (牛磺胆酸)tautomer(互变异构体)tautomerism(互变异构现象)taxifolin (黄杉素)tea polyphenols(茶多酚)Teflon (泰氟隆)terpenoid (萜类化合物)tertiary structure(三级结构)testosterone (睾丸素)tetrahydropalmatine (延胡索乙素, 四氢巴马汀) tetramethyl silane(四甲基硅烷)tetraterpenoid(四萜类)thiazole(噻唑)thiophene(噻吩)threonine(苏氨酸)torsional energy(扭转能)torsional strain(扭转张力)transition sate(过渡态)triglyceride(甘油三酯)trimethyl aluminium(三甲基铝)triptolide (雷公藤甲素)triterpenoid(三萜类)tryptophan(色氨酸)tylophorinine (娃儿藤定碱)tyrosine(酪氨酸)uridine(尿嘧啶)urea(脲)urotropine(乌洛托品)valence bond method(价键学说)valine(缬氨酸)visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy(可见-紫外光谱)vitamin A(维生素A)vitamin B12(维生素B12)Wilkinson (威尔克森)Williamson synthesis(威廉森合成法)Wittig reaction(维蒂希反应)zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen(Z,德文,在一起之意)中英对照1 A1A 反应历程(1A1Areaction mechanism )吖啶(acridine)埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应(benzoic condensation reaction)氨基酸(amino acid)β-氨基丁酸(β-aminobutyric acid)氨解(ammonolysis)胺(amines)azulene)2 BAC 反应历程(2BACreaction mechanism )巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳(Baeyer)佰赛儒(M. Besthelot)半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸(cysteine)半乳糖(galactose)包含物(inclusion compound)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)苯(benzene)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)苯二甲酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪唑(benzimidazole)苯并噻唑(benzothiazole)倍半萜(sesquiterpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)变性(denature)变旋光现象(mutarotation)表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸(alanine)丙氨酸乙硫酯(ethyl alanine sulfide)丙二酰脲 (malonyl urea)伯察留史(Berzelius)柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)(±)—薄荷醇((±)—menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫(Bytrepob)布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基(residue)草酸(oxalic acid)超共轭效应(hyperconjugation effect)差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chalcone)茶多酚(tea polyphenols)β-常山碱(β-dichroine)沉淀法(precipitation)橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳烃(polynuclear aromatic compound)稠环碳架(fused ring carbon constitution)醇钠(sodium alcohols)醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographolide)磁场扫描(magnetic field scan)β—雌二醇(β—dihydrotheelin)醋酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction )萃取法(extraction)DDQ(2,3-二氯-5,6-氰基-1,4-苯醌)大黄素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophylline)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪(pyridazine)单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蒽核(monoanthracene nucleus)单萜(monoterpenoids)单糖(monosaccharide)单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸(methionine)蛋白质(protein)胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)胆甾酸(cholalic acid)胆甾烷(cholestane)胆甾醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点(isoelectric point ,PI)迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction )狄尔斯-阿尔德(Diels-Alher)电场扫描(electric field scan)电性效应(electromeric effect)电荷转移络合物(charge-transfer complex)碘仿试验(iodoform test)碘值( iodine number )淀粉(starch)敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶啶(pteridine)丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid)定位规则(orientationg rule)动力学概念(dynamical concept)豆甾烷(stigmastane)毒芹碱(coniine)毒扁豆碱(physostigmine)杜鹃酮 (germacrone)端基效应(end-group effect)对映异构(enantiomerism)对映体(enantiomers)对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide)多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)多糖(polysaccharide)多肽(polypeptide)多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E(entgegen,德文,相反之意)EAN规则(EAN rule)莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁唑(oxazole)蒽(anthracene)蒽酚(anthrol)蒽醌(anthraquinones)蒽酮(anthrone)9-蒽酮大黄酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)二烯烃(diene)二氯卡宾(dichlorocarbene)二甲亚砜(dimethyl sulfoxide)二巯基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol )二级结构(secondary structure)二氢黄酮(flavanone)二氢黄酮醇(flavanonol)二氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二萜类(diterpenoids)番泻苷A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D) 番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物(antiaromatic compound)反应历程(reaction mechanism)反应热(heat of reaction)芳香烃(aromatic hydrocarbon)芳香性(aromaticity)芳香性化合物(aromatic compound)芳构化(aromatization)放氮反应(denitrification)飞燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物(nonaromatic compound)非离子表面活性剂(nonionic)非对映体(diasteroisomer)非质子性溶剂(nonprotonic solvent )非苯芳烃(nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon)菲(phenanthrene)斐林溶液( Fehting solution )费歇尔(E.Fischer)费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道(molecular orbital)分子轨道对称性守恒理论(conservation of orbital symmetry theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)酚苄明(Phenoxybenzamine)芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明(fenfluramine)粪甾烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸(flufenamic Acid)福井谦一(K.Fukui)傅-克反应(Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction)傅瑞斯重排(K.fries rearrangement)傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)辅酶Q10(coenzyme Q10)呋喃(furan)盖布瑞尔合成法(Gabreil reaction)盖特曼-科希(Gattermann-Koch)反应甘露糖(mannose)甘氨酸(glycine)甘油(glycerol)甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid) 甘草苷(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离二烯烃(isolated diene)格林那试剂(Grignard reagent)哥美林(Gmelin)共振能(resonance energy)共振论(resonance theory)共振杂化体(resonance hybrid)共振结构式(resonating structure)共轭效应(conjugative effect)共轭体系(conjugation system)共轭二烯烃(conjugated diene)构象(conformation)构象异构(conformational isomerism)构造异构(constitutional isomerism)构型保持(configuration conservation)构型转化(configuration inversion)钩藤碱(rhynchophylline)β—谷甾醇(β—sitosterol)谷氨酸(glutamic acid)谷酰胺(glutamine)古柏尔(A. Couper)古柯碱(cocaine)胍(guanidine )寡糖(oligasaccharide)冠醚(crown ether)光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷(silane)硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态(transition state)果糖(fructose)哈沃斯(Haworth)海藻糖(fucose)核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy)核苷酸(nucleotide)核苷(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖(ribose)(-)-黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花苷(carthamin)红外光谱(infrared spectroscopy)互变异构现象(tautomerism)互变异构体(tautomer)胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)槲皮素(quercetin)化学键(chemical bond)花色素(anthocyanidin)环烃(cyclic hydrocarbon)环氧化反应(epoxidation)环加成反应(cycloaddition recation)环状碳架(cyclic carbon constitution)环己二酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精(cyclodextrin)α,β-环氧酸酯(α,β-cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(phellamurin)黄芩素(baicalein)黄芩苷(baicalin)黄杉素(taxifolin)黄酮(flavonoid)黄酮醇(flavonol)黄烷醇(flavanol)黄体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfanilamide)磺化反应(sulfonation)活化能(energy of activation)霍夫曼(R.Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应(Hoffmann degradation)霍夫曼消除(Hoffmann elimination)霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应(Hoffmann exhaustive methylation)几何异构体(geometricalisomer)己二胺(hexanediamine)季铵盐(quaternary ammonium salt)季铵碱(quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季膦盐( quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)甲孕酮(methporgestin)甲基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)甲基锂(lithium methlde)甲壳质(chitin)价键学说(valence bond method)假酸式(pseudo-acid form )σ键(σbond)σ键迁移反应(sigmatropic reaction)π键(πbond)碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交叉醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物(metalloorganic compound)金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宁(cinchonine)金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸(arginine)竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物(polymer)聚合反应(polyreaction)聚集二烯烃(cumulative diene)锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula) 卡宾(碳烯)(Carbene)开息纳尔-武尔夫(Kishner-Wolff)-黄鸣龙法凯库勒(A. Kekule)康尼查罗(Cannizzaro ) 反应科尔贝(H. Kolbe)科瑞—郝思反应(E.J.Cory—H.House reaction)可的松(cortisone)可见-紫外光谱(visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy)克莱森-斯密特(Claisen-Schmidt)反应克脑文盖尔(Knoevenagel)反应克莱门森(Clemmensen)还原反应克莱森重排(Claisen rearrangement)克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction ) 柯尔柏-施密特反应(Kolbe-schmidt reaction)柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺(chitosamine)苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应(Kutchcrov reaction)奎宁(quinine)喹啉(quinoline)醌(quinones)醌氢醌(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸(lysine)兰尼镍(Raney Ni)莨菪碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤甲素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构(stereoisomer)离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy)离域电子(delocalized electron)离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段(chain initiation step)链增长阶段(chain propagation step)链终止阶段(chain termination step)链状碳架(chain carbon constitution)亮氨酸(leucine)林德拉(Lindlar)膦叶立德(phosphorus ylide)膦(phosphureted hydrogen)鏻盐(phosphorate)膦酸(phosphonic acid )硫脲(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫醚(thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention) 龙脑(borneol)卤代反应(halogenation)卤仿(haloform)卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂(Lucas reagent)芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)α-卵磷脂(α-lecithine )轮烯(annulene)酪氨酸(tyrosine)罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环烃(spiro hydrocarbon)氯乙酸甲酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫(Markovnikov)规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂(Mclafferty)麦芽糖(maltose)麦角甾醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希(Mannich)反应梅尔外英-彭多夫(Meerwein-Poundorf)还原反应酶(enzyme)没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)脒基(amidino)嘧啶(pyrimidine)咪唑(imidazole)那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)萘(naphthalene)脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体(meso-form)尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)脲(尿素) (urea)鸟嘌呤(guanine)尿嘧啶(uracil)柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式(Newmans projection formular)扭转能(torsional energy)扭转张力(torsional strain)欧芬脑尔氧化反应(Oppenaner oxidizing reaction)偶氮基(azo)偶合(偶联)反应(coupling reaction)偶合组分(或偶合剂)(coupling agent )偶极-离子键(dipolar-ionic bond )蒎烯(pinene)硼氢化反应(hydroboration))硼氢化钠(NaBH4吡哆醛(pyridoxal)吡咯(pyrrole)吡喃(pyran)吡嗪(pyrazine)吡唑(pyrazole)吡啶(pyridine)嘌呤(purine)频哪醇(pinacol)平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e键,equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖(glucose)歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素( prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital)理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心苷(cardiac glycosides)羟肟酸(hydroximic acid )β-羟基醛(β-hydroxy aldehyde )桥环烃(bridged hydrocarbon)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂(electrophile)亲电加成反应(electrophilic addition)亲电取代(electrophilic substitution)亲核试剂(nucleophilic reagent)亲核加成反应(nucleophilic addition)亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体(dienophile)芹菜素(apigenin)氢解( hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡( hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)氢化热(heat of hydrogenation)氢甲酰化法(hydroformylation)氢键(hydrogen bond)清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂(Jones reagent)炔烃(alkyne)热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖(lactose)瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应(Reamer-Timann reaction)萨哈斯投影式(Sawhares projection)噻吩(thiophene)噻唑(thiazole)三萜(triterpenoids)三甲基铝(trimethyl aluminium)三级结构(tertiary structure)三线态(triplet state)三苯基膦(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate)桑得迈尔反应(Sandmeyer reaction)桑得迈尔—盖特曼反应(Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction)色氨酸(tryptophan)色谱法(chromatography)沙瑞特试剂(Sarrett reagent)鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronycine)山扁豆双醌(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化(biological methylate)18电子规则(18- electron rule)史蒂文斯重排(Stevens rearrangement)石松碱(lycopodine)士的宁(strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蒽核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体(diene)顺反异构(cistrans isomerism)顺反异构体(cis-trans isomer)四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)四级结构(quaternary structure)四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction) 四萜(quadruterpene)四甲基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)丝氨酸(serine)松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸(threonine)酸败(rancidity )缩醛(acetal)缩二脲反应(biuret reaction)肽(peptide)肽键(peptide bond)碳水化合物(carbohydrate)碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride ;phosgene )糖类(saccharide)糖苷(glycoside)糖原(glycogen)天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)萜类化合物(terpenoids)同系列(homologous series)同系物(homolog)同分异构体(isomer)酮(ketone)透析法(permeation)1-吐根碱(1-emetine)脱羧反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化(racemization)烷烃(alkane)维生素A(vitamin A)维生素B12(vitamin B12)维生素K1、K2(vitamin K1、K2)维蒂希反应(Wittig reaction)伪麻黄碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法(Williamson synthesis)武勒(F. Wohler)无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德(R.B.Woodward)武兹反应(A.Wurtz reaction)烯烃(alkene)系统命名法(systematic nomenclature)西佛碱(Schiff ’s base)希夫(schiff)试剂吸电子共轭效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱(schiff base)希曼反应(G.Schiemann reaction)纤维二糖(cellobiose)纤维素(cellulose)腺嘌呤(adenine)硝化反应(nitration)消除反应(elimination reaction)小檗碱(berberine)硝基化合物(nitro compounds)协同反应(concerted reaction)缬氨酸(valine)(±)—新薄荷醇[(±)—neomenthol]兴斯堡反应(Hinsberg reaction)胸腺嘧啶(thymine)12-15休克尔规则(Hückel rule)比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素(haemachrome)亚硝酸(nitrous acid)烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)盐(oxonium salt)氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蒽酚(oxanthranol)氧化态(oxidation state)氧化值(oxidation number)阳离子表面活性剂(cationic surface active agent)叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素(chlorophyll)一叶萩碱(securinine)一野百合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构(primary structure)乙硼烷(diborane)1-乙炔基环戊醇(1-ethynyl cyclopentanol )乙二胺(ethylene diamine)乙烯酮(ethenone ;ketene )乙酸(acetic acid)乙二酸(ethanedioic acid )异甘草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(isorhynchophylline)异亮氨酸(isoleucine)异头物(anomer)异头效应(anomeric effect)异噁唑(isoxazole)异噻唑(isothiazole)异腈(胩)(isonitrile)异喹啉(isoquinoline)胰岛素(insulin)阴离子表面活性剂(anionic surface active agent)茚三酮(ninhydrin )吲哚(indole)罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂(axunge;grease;lipin;)有效原子序数(effective atomic number)有机金属化合物(organometallic compound)有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应(inductive effect)羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)鸢尾苷(iridin)原子轨道(atomic orbital)Z(Zusammen,德文,在一起之意)杂化轨道(hybrid orbital)杂环碳架(heterocycle carbon constitution)甾体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(saponification reaction)皂化值(saponification value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖(sucrose)-折叠(beta-pleated sheet)蒸馏法(distillation)质谱(mass spectroscopy)质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)脂环烃(alicyclic hydrocarbon;cycloalkane)直立键(a键,axial bond)重氮化反应(diazotization reaction)重氮盐(diazonium salt)重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮甲烷(diazomethane)周环反应(pericyclic reaction)转化糖(invert sugar)自由基(free radical)自由基链反应(free radical chain reaction)β-紫罗兰酮(β-ionone )组氨酸(histidine)。
(完整版)化学专业词汇
普通化学术语中英文对照表原子atom adj.atomic 原子核nucleus 质子proton 中子neutron 电子electron(abbr. e) 离子ion [?a??n] 阳离子cation 阴离子anion 分子molecular [m ??lekj?l?] 单质element 化合物compound 纯净物pure substance/chemical substance 混合物mixture 相对原子质量relative atomic mass(abbr. Ar) 相对分子质量relative molecular mass(abbr. Mr) 化学式量relative formula mass 物质的量amount of substance 阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro constant(abbr. NA) 摩尔mole 摩尔质量molar mass 实验式/ 最简式/ 经验式empirical formula 气体摩尔体积molar volume 阿伏加德罗定律Avogadro' s Law 溶液solution 溶解dissolve 浓度concentration 质量/ 体积分数mass/volume concentration 浓缩concentrate 稀释dilute 蒸馏distillation 萃取extraction 化学反应方程式chemical equation 反应物reactant 生成物product 固体solid 液体liquid 气体gaseous 溶液aqueous 配平balance 化学计量学stoichiometry酸acid碱base/alkali (refers to soluble bases) 盐salt 酸式盐acid salt 离子方程式ionic equation 结晶水water of crystallisation 水合的hydrated 无水的anhydrous 滴定titration 指示剂indicator 氧化数oxidation number 氧化还原反应redox reaction 氧化反应oxidation reaction 还原反应reduction reaction 歧化反应disproportionation reaction 归中反应comproportionation(symproportionation) reaction 氧化剂oxidising agent 还原剂reducing agent 电子层(壳) (electron) shell 电离能ionisation energy(abbr. I.E.) 第一,第二,第三等电离能first,second,third,etc. ionisation energy(abbr.1st,2nd,3rd,etc. I.E.) 电子亲和能electron affinity energy(abbr. A.E.) 屏蔽效应electronic shielding(screening) 原子轨道atomic orbital 电子云electron cloud 电子亚层sub-shell 能层layer 能级energy level 电子排布electron configuration 电子云重叠shell overlap 洪特规则Hund' s rule 泡利原理Pauli exclusion principle 基态ground state 激发态excited state 跃迁transition 手性chirality [kai?-] 化学键chemical bond 键长bond length 键级bond order键角bond angle 键能bond enthalpies 离子键ionic bond 供体donor 受体acceptor 静电吸引electrostatic attraction 巨型离子结构giant ionic structure 共价键covalent[k ??'ve?l?nt] bond 巨型共价结构giant covalent structure 共用电子对shared pair/bonding pair 孤对电子lone pair/non-bonding pair σ键σ -bond π键π -bond δ键δ -bond 极性共价键polar bond 非极性共价键non-polar bond 配位键dipolar bond/dative covalent bond/coordinat e bond 电负性electronegativity 极性polarity 偶极子dipole 分子间作用力intermolecular forces 氢键hydrogen bond 范德华力van der Waal' s force 色散力dispersion force 诱导力induction force 取向力orientation force/dipole-dipole force 金属键metallic bond 离域delocalisation[di:,l ?uk?lai'zei?n] 延展性malleability [,m?l ??'b ?l?ti] 可锻性ductility [d ?k't?l?t?] 导电性electrical conductivity 合金alloy 元素周期表the Periodic Table 周期period 族group 原子序数proton number 同位素isotope[?a?s?t?? p] 核素nuclide ['nju?kla?d] 同量异位素isobar['a?s?(?)bɑ?] 金属metal 非金属nonmetal碱金属alkali metal 碱土金属alkaline earth metal 卤素halogen 稀有气体noble gas 元素周期律periodic trends 活泼active 稳定noble 分解反应decomposition reaction 化合反应combination(synthesis) reaction 取代反应displacement reaction 复分解反应salt metathesis[m ??t? θs?is] reaction/double replacement(displacement) reaction 沉淀precipitation [pr ?,s?p?'te ?(??)n] 官能团functional group 碳氢化合物/ 烃hydrocarbon 饱和烃saturated hydrocarbon 不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon 脂肪烃aliphatic[,? l?'f? t?k] hydrocarbon 脂环烃alicyclic['sa?kl?k; ]hrdrocarbon 同系物homologous[h ?'m?l?g?s]series 异构现象isomerism ['ais?m?riz?m] 同分异构体isomeride [ai's ?m?raid] 同素异形体allotropy/allotropism 分子式molecular formula 通式general formula结构式displayed formula 结构简式structural formula 键线式skeletal formula 均裂homolytic fission 异裂heterolytic fission 亲核试剂nucleophile ['njukli ?fail] 亲电子试剂electrophile 加成反应addition reaction 加水加成hydration reaction 加成聚合反应addition polymerisation 聚合物polymer 单体monomer 链节repeat unit 缩合聚合反应condensation reaction 缩聚物condensation polymer 取代反应substitution reaction 脱水dehydration 水解hydrolysis卤代反应halogenation reaction 酯化反应esterification reaction 亲核取代nucleophilic substitution 消去反应elimination reaction 裂化反应cracking (reaction) 石油分馏fractional distillation 燃烧combustion 发酵fermentation 氟氯烃chlorofluorocarbons 产率percentage yield 原子利用率atom economy 红外光谱学infrared spectroscopy 质谱分析mass spectroscopy 光谱spectrum 挥发性volatility 冷凝回流reflux 反应机理reaction mechanism 能量守恒定律law of conservation of energy 热力学thermodynamic [ θ:?m?udai?-] 焓enthalpy(abbr. H) [en' θ ?lpi] 焓变enthalpy change(abbr. ΔH) 标准焓standard enthalpy change(abbr. Δ H?) 标准反应焓standard enthalpy change(abbr. Δ Hr?) 燃烧热heat of combustion 标准燃烧焓standard enthalpy change of combustion(abbr . Δ Hc?) 标准生成焓standard enthalpy change of formation(abbr. Δ Hf?)放热反应exothermic[eks ?u?-] reaction 吸热反应endothermic reaction 热化学方程式thermochemical[ θ:?m?u?-] equation 活化能activation energy(abbe. Ea) 比热容specific heat capacity 键焓bond enthalpy 平均键焓average bond enthalpy 盖斯定律Hess' law 有效碰撞理论collision theory 反应速率rate ofreaction/reaction rate 反应动力学reaction kinetics 催化剂catalyst催化作用catalysis 酶enzyme['enzaim] 波尔兹曼分布律the Boltzmann distribution 化学平衡(chemical) equilibrium[i:kwi? -] 可逆反应reversible reaction 动态平衡dynamic equilibrium 平衡常数chemical equilibrium constant 浓度幂concentration power 平衡移动shift of equilibrium state 吉布斯自由能Gibbs free energy(abbr. Δ G) 阿累尼乌斯方程the Arrhenius[ ??ri:ni ?s] Equation 自发反应spontaneous[sp ?n?teini?s] reaction 熵entropy(abbr. Δ S) 温室效应greenhouse effect 吸附作用adsorption 绿色化学green chemistry 溶解度solubility 离子反应ionic reaction 电离ionisation 电解质electrolyte 电离平衡ionisation equilibrium 电离常数ionisation constant 离子积ion-product constant 氢离子浓度指数hydrogen ion concentration(abbr. pH from Fr ench potentiel d'hydrog ène) 溶解平衡dissolution equilibrium [d ?s?'lu??(?)n] ekw? 溶度积solubility product 原电池galvanic(voltaic) cell [g? l'v? n?k] 盐桥salt bridge 电极electrode 正极/ 阳极anode 负极/ 阴极cathode 标准电极电势standard electrode potential(abbr. E0) 干电池dry cell 一次电池primary cell(battery) 二次电池/ 蓄电池secondary cell/storage battery 充电charge 放电discharge 燃料电池fuel cell 电解electrolysis电解池/ 电解槽electrolytic cell 电镀galvanisation [, ɡ ?lv?nai'zei??n] 电偶腐蚀/ 电化腐蚀galvanic corrosion 分子空间构型molecular geometries 杂化hybrid 轨道orbital 晶格lattice 晶体crystal 晶胞crystal structure 堆积作用sedimentation [,sed ?m?n'te ??n?] 常见元素氢hydrogen(abbr. H) ['haidr ?d??n] 氦helium(abbr. He) ['hi:li ?m] 锂lithium(abbr. Li) ['li θmi?] 硼boron(abbr. B) ['b ?:r ?n] 碳carbon(abbr. C) ['k ɑ:b?n] 氮nitrogen(abbr. N) ['naitr ?d??n] 氧oxygen(abbr. O) ['?ksid??n] 氟fluorine(abbr. F) ['flu ?ri:n] 氖neon(abbr. Ne) ['ni: ?n] 钠sodium(abbr. Na) ['s?udi?m] 镁magnesium(abbr. Mg) 铝aluminum(abbr. Al) [,? l ??mini ?m] 硅silicon(abbr. Si) ['silik ?n] 磷phosphorus(abbr. P) ['f ?sf?r ?s] 硫sulfur(abbr. S) ['s ?lf ?] 氯chlorine(abbr. Cl) ['kl ?:ri:n] 氩argon(abbr. Ar) [' ɑ: ɡ?n] 钾potassium(abbr. K) [p ??t? si?m] 钙calcium(abbr. Ca) [?k?lsi? m] 钛titanium(abbr. Ti) [tai'teini ?m] 铬chromium(abbr.Cr) ['kr ?umj ?m] 锰manganese(abbr. Mn)[?m?? ɡ?ni:z] 铁iron(abbr. Fe) ['a ??n] 钴cobalt(abbr. Co) [k ?u'b ?:lt] 镍nickel(abbr. Ni) ['nik ?l] 铜copper(abbr. Cu) ['k ?p?] 锌zinc(abbr. Zn) [zi?k] 砷arsenic(abbr. As) ['ɑ:s?nik] 溴bromine(abbr. Br) ['br ?umi:n] 银silver(abbr. Ag) ['silv ?] 锡tin(abbr. Sn) [tin] 碘iodine(abbr. I)氙xenon(abbr.Xe) ['zen?n] 钡barium(abbr. Ba) ['be ?ri ?m] 钨tungsten(abbr. W) [t ??st?n] 铂platinum(abbr. Pt) ['pl? tin ?m] 金gold(abbr. Au) [ ɡ?uld] 汞mercury(abbr. Hg) ['m ?:kjuri] 铅lead(abbr. Pb) [led] 常见单质氢气、氮气、氧气、氟气、氯气、液溴、固态碘的名称同元素名称金刚石diamond ['dai ?m?nd] 石墨graphite ['gr? fait] 臭氧ozone ['?uz?un] 红磷red phosphorus 白磷white phosphorus常见根离子(common radicals) 氢化的hydride ['haidraid] 硼酸boric (acid) adj.borate ['b ??ret?] 碳化的carbide ['ka:baid] 碳酸carbonic [kɑ?'b?n?k (]acid) adj. carbonate 碳酸氢根bicarbonate/hydrogen carbonate 氮化的nitride ['naitraid] 叠氮化的azide ['? zaid] 硝酸nitric (acid) adj.nitrate 亚硝酸nitrous ['na ?tr?s] (acid) adj.nitrite 氧化的oxide [' ?ksaid] 二氧化的dioxide [dai-'] 三氧化的trioxide [tra ?'?ksa?d] 过氧根peroxy (radical) adj.peroxide [p ?'?ksaid] 超氧化的superoxide [sjup ?'?ksaid] 氢氧根hydroxyl[hai'dr ?ksil] (radical) adj. hydroxide 水合氢离子hydronium 氟化的fluoride 偏铝酸meta-aluminic[met ?'? ljuminik] (acid) adj. meta-aluminate[ ?'lju?m?ne?t] 四羟基合铝酸hydroxyl-aluminic[hai'dr ?ksil-'] (acid) 硅酸silicic['silisik] (acid) adj.silicate 磷酸phosphoric (acid)adj.phosphate 磷酸二氢根dihydrogen phosphate 磷酸氢根hydrogen phosphate 硫化的sulfide 硫氢根bisulphide/sulphanide/hydrogen sulphide 硫酸sulphuric (acid) adj.sulphate 硫酸氢根bisulphate/hydrogen sulphate 亚硫酸sulphurous (acid) adj.sulphite 亚硫酸氢根bisulphite/hydrogen sulphite 硫代硫酸根thiosulphate [ θ aiu?-'] 焦硫酸根persulphate [p ?:-'] 氯化的chloride ['kl ?raid] 氢氯酸/ 盐酸hydrochloric (acid) 高氯酸perchloric (acid) adj.perchlorate 氯酸chloric (acid) adj.chlorate 亚氯酸chlorous (acid) adj.chlorite 次氯酸hypochlorous (acid) adj.hypochlorite 溴化的bromide 氢溴酸、高溴酸、溴酸、亚溴酸、次溴酸名称参见氯碘化的iodide ['ai ?daid] 氢碘酸、高碘酸、碘酸、亚碘酸、次碘酸名称参见氯卤化的halide 铵根ammonium[ ??m ?uni ?m] 高锰酸根permanganate 锰酸根manganate 氰根cyanide ['sainaid] 硫氰根thiocyanate [ θ ai?u?sani?eit] 铬酸根chromate 重铬酸根dichromate常见无机化合物(common inorganic compounds) 氢化钠sodium hydride 氨ammonia/azane[ ?-?] 硅烷silane [?si-] 磷化氢phosphine 硫化氢hydrogen sulphide 氮化镁magnesium nitride 四氧化三铁iron(II,III) oxide 二氟化氧oxygen difluoride 氯化氢hydrogen chloride 氯化亚铁iron(II) chloride/ferrous chloride 氯化铁iron(III) chloride/ferric chloride 氯化亚锡tin(II)chloride/stannous chloride 四羟基合铝酸钠sodium aluminate 磷酸二氢钠monosodium phosphate 磷酸氢二钠disodium phosphate 氯化铵ammonium chloride硫氢化钠/ 硫氢酸钠sodium hydrosulphide系统命名法(chemical nomenclature)一mono-二di-三tri-四tetra-五penta-六hexa-七hepta-八octa-九nona- 十deca- 烷烃alkane (preffixalkyl-,suffix -ane)甲meth-乙eth-丙prop-丁but-戊pent-己hex-庚hept-辛oct-壬non-癸dec-十一undec- 十二dodec- 十三tridec- 十四tetradec- 十五pentadec- 十六hexadec- 十七heptadec- 十八octadec- 十九nonadec- 二十eicos- 三十triacont- 四十tetracont- 五十prntacont- 正构型normal-(n-) 异构型iso-(i-) 新构型neo-(n-) 聚poly- 烷基alkyl 甲基methyl(abbr. Me) 乙基ethyl(abbr. Et) 丙基propyl(abbr. Pr) 环烷烃cycloalkane (preffix -cyclo, suffix -ane) 烯烃alkene (preffixalkenyl-,suffix -ene) 二烯烃allene (suffix -adiene) 环烯烃cycloalkene (preffix cyclo-, suffix -ene) 炔烃alkyne (preffix alkynyl-,suffix -yne) 顺式异构preffix cis-(Z-) 反式异构preffix trans-(E-) 苯基phenyl(abbr. Ph) (preffix phenyl-,suffix -benzene) 苄基benzyl(abbr. Bn) (preffix benzyl-,suffix -toluene) 醇alcohol (preffix hydroxy-,suffix -ol) 带卤素的化合物halogens (preffix fluoro-,chloro-,bromo-,etc.) 酮ketone (preffix oxo-,suffix -one) 醛aldehyde (preffix oxo-,suffix -al or not included in carbon chain preffix formyl-,suffix -carbaldehyde) 羧酸carboxylic[ka:b ?k'silik] (acid) adj. carboxylate (suffix -oic acid) 羧基carboxyl (preffixcarboxyl-,suffix -oic acid or multiple groups suffix -di,tri,tetracarbonyl acid) 乙酸根carboxyl radical(abbr. Ac) 醚ether (suffix -ane and -oxy) 脂ester (preffix R-oxycarbonyl-, suffix -oic acid/-oate) 胺和酰胺amine(preffix amino-,suffix -amine or accordi ng to position of N atom with pre/suffix -N-) and amide(preffix carbamoyl- and amido-,suff ix –amide and -carboxamide or according to p osition of N atom with pre/suffix -N-) 氨基amino 酰胺基amido磺酸sulphonic (acid) adj.sulphonate (preffix sulpho -,suffix -sulphonic acid)腈nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile) 酚phenol/carbolic acid常见有机化合物(common organic compounds) 酚酞phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph)[fin ?lf' θ eili:n] 石蕊litmus 溴酚蓝bromopheno blue 百里酚蓝thymol blue 甲基橙methyl orange 龙胆紫gentian violet 氯仿chloroform 异戊二烯isoprene 月桂烯myrcene [mair'si:n] 聚乙烯polythene 聚氯乙烯poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC) 聚丙烯polypropylene 聚四氟乙烯/ 特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF) 晴纶orlon 二甲醚methoxymethane 苯酚phenol 乙酸乙酯methyl propanoate 甲酸/蚁酸methanoic acid/formic acid 乙酸/醋酸ethanoic acid/acetic acid 乙二酸/ 草酸oxalic acid adj.oxalate 丙酸/初油酸propanoic acid/propionic acid 丁酸/酪酸butanoic acid/butyric acid 软脂酸/棕榈酸hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid 硬脂酸octadecanoic acid/stearic acid 硬脂酸钠sodium stearate 柠檬酸citric acid 柠檬酸钠sodium citrate 乳酸lactic acid 乳酸钠sodium lactate 葡萄糖酸gluconic acid adj.gluconate 氨基酸amino acid 葡萄糖glucose 果糖fructose半乳糖galactose 核糖ribose 脱氧核糖desoxyribose 核糖核酸rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA) 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA) 麦芽糖maltose 蔗糖sucrose 磺酸sulphonic (acid) adj. sulphonate (preffixsulpho-,suffix -sulphonic a cid) 腈nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile) 酚phe nol/carbolic acid 常见有机化合物(common organic compounds) 酚酞phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph) [fin ?lf' θ ei li:n] 石蕊litmus 溴酚蓝bromopheno blue 百里酚蓝thymol blue 甲基橙methyl orange 龙胆紫gentian violet 氯仿chloroform 异戊二烯isoprene 月桂烯myrcene [mair'si:n] 聚乙烯polythene 聚氯乙烯poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC) 聚丙烯polypropylene 聚四氟乙烯/ 特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF) 晴纶orlon 二甲醚methoxymethane 苯酚phenol乙酸乙酯methyl propanoate 甲酸/ 蚁酸methanoic acid/formic acid 乙酸/ 醋酸ethanoic acid/acetic acid 乙二酸/ 草酸oxalic acidadj.oxalate 丙酸/ 初油酸propanoicacid/propionic acid 丁酸/ 酪酸butanoicacid/butyric acid 软脂酸/ 棕榈酸柠檬酸citric acid 柠檬酸钠sodium citrate 乳酸lactic acid 乳酸钠sodium lactate 葡萄糖酸gluconic acid adj.gluconate 氨基酸amino acid 葡萄糖glucose 果糖fructose 半乳糖galactose 核糖ribose 脱氧核糖desoxyribose 核糖核酸rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA) 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA) 麦芽糖maltose 蔗糖sucrose 曲颈瓶retort [ri'-] 表面皿watch glass 石棉网asbestos[? s'best?s] gauze 玻璃棒glass rod/stirring rod/stir rod 铁架台iron stand 滴定管burette/buret 泥三角pipeclay triangle 启普发生器Kipp's apparatus/Kipp generator 酒精喷灯alcohol blast burner 坩埚钳tong 坩埚pot 索氏提取器Soxhlet extractor 冷凝管cold finger 称量瓶weighing bottlehexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid 硬脂酸octadecanoic acid/stearic acid 硬脂酸钠sodium stearate。
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用: ppm: parts per millionppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen1. 化合物的命名:规则:金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称(1)MgCl2 magnesium [mæɡ’ni:zj əm] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait](3)KNO3 potassium[p ə’tæsi əm] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid(5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate练习:▪ FeBr2 ▪ (NH4)2SO4 ▪ NH4H2PO4▪KMnO4▪亚硫酸▪sulfurous acid▪H2S▪NO2 有机物命名▪Hydrocarbon▪{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon}▪Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃)▪{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)}▪Alcohol 醇▪Aldehyde 醛▪Ketone [‘ki:təun] 酮▪Carboxylic acid 羧酸▪Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃)▪{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌)无机物中关于数字的写法mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca-一,二,三,四,五,六,七,八,九,十有机物中关于数字的写法meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-,甲乙丙丁戊已hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly-庚辛壬葵环聚练习▪甲烷乙炔▪丙酮丁醇▪戊烷己烯▪庚醛辛烷▪2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇Lithium [‘liθiəm] n.锂Beryllium [bə’riljəm] n.铍(Be)Sodium [‘səudiəm] n.钠Potassium [pə’tæsiəm] 钾Rubidium [ru:’bidiəm] 铷Caesium [‘si:ziəm] 铯Nucleus[‘nju:kli s] 原子核,是nuclear的复数Halogen[‘hælədʒən] 卤素general chemistry 普通化学positive[‘pƆzətiv] ion 阳离子orbital electron 轨道电子effective nuclear charge 有效核电荷atomic radius 原子半径,raddi的复数ionic radius 离子半径negative ion 阴离子electron cloud 电子云Van der Waals non-bounded radius单质分子晶体中相邻分子间两个非键合原子核间距离的一半称为范德华半径metallic [mi’tælik] character[‘kæriktə] 金属特性electropositive [I’lektrəu’pɔzətiv] a.带正电的Ionization [‘aiənai’zeiʃən] energy 电离能carbon 碳 germanium[dʒə:’meiniəm] 锗tin [tin] 锡 lead [led] 铅sodium[‘səudiəm] 钠 magnesium[mæɡ’ni:zjəm] 镁silicon [‘silikən] 硅 chlorine [’klɔ:ri:n] 氯nonmetallic [‘nɔnmi’tælik]adj.n.非金属的,非金属Electronegativity 电负性Metallic oxide 金属氧化物Metallic hydroxide [hai’drɔksaid] 金属氢氧化物Hydroxyl [hai‘drɔksil] ions 氢氧根离子insoluble[in’sɔljubl] 不溶解的Ionic [ai‘ɔnik] adj. 离子的Transition element 过渡元素Basicity [bə’sisiti] n. 碱性,碱度Oxyacid [,ɔksi’æsid] 含氧酸Carbonate [‘kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐Nitrate [‘naitreit] 硝酸盐Sulphate [‘sʌlfeit] 硫酸盐 = sulfateAmphoteric [,æmfə’terik] adj.两性的Acid [‘æsid] n. adj.alkali [‘ælkəlai] n.adj.Hydration [hai’dreiʃən] 水合作用Hydrolyze [‘haidrəlaiz] vi. 水解Oxysalt [‘ɔksisɔ:lt] 含氧酸盐Complex 络合物,复合物句子理解1) Metals are electropositive and have a tendency to loss electrons, if suppliedwith energy: M M+ + e. 金属是电正性的,如果供给能量,有失去电子的趋势。
常见无机化学元素周期表元素单词中英对照专业英语
1. hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒ(ə)n]n. [化学] 氢Hydrogen: 氢气| 氢| 氢原子2. helium ['hi:liəm]n. 氦(符号为He,2号元素)3. lithium ['lɪθɪəm]n. 锂(符号Li)Lithium: 锂| 锂元素| 锂盐4. beryllium [bə'rɪlɪəm]n. [化学] 铍(符号Be)beryllium: 铍| 铍青铜| 铍鋍5. boron ['bɔːrɒn]n. [化学] 硼Boron: 硼| 硼粉| 硼元素6. carbon ['kɑːb(ə)n]n. [化学] 碳;碳棒;复写纸adj. 碳的;碳处理的Carbon: 碳| 碳纤维| 碳元素7. nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒ(ə)n]n. [化学] 氮nitrogen: 氮气| 氮| 痰气8. oxygen ['ɔksidʒən]n. 氧气,氧9. fluorine ['flʊəriːn; 'flɔː-]n. [化学] 氟fluorine: 氟10. neon ['niːɒn]n. 霓虹灯;氖(10号元素,符号Ne)Neon: 霓虹| 氖| 霓虹灯11. sodium ['səʊdɪəm]n. [化学] 钠(11号元素,符号Na)Sodium: 钠| 金属钠| 六偏磷酸钠12. magnesium [mæg'niːzɪəm]n. [化学] 镁Magnesium: 镁| 镁金| 可引至腹泻13. aluminum [ə'ljuːmɪnəm]n. 铝Aluminum: 铝| 铝合金| 铝框14. silicon ['sɪlɪk(ə)n]n. [化学] 硅;硅元素Silicon: 硅| 硅胶| 硅利康15. phosphorus ['fɒsf(ə)rəs]n. 磷phosphorus: 磷| 磷光物质| 含磷的16. sulfur ['sʌlfɚ]n. 硫磺;硫磺色vt. 用硫磺处理sulfur: 硫磺| 硫| 硫磺剂17. chlorine ['klɔ:ri:n]n. 氯(17号化学元素)18. argon ['ɑːgɒn]n. [化学] 氩(18号元素)Argon: 氩气| 氩| 亚冈19. potassium [pə'tæsɪəm]n. [化学] 钾Potassium: 钾| 钾质| 金属钾20. calcium ['kælsɪəm]n. [化学] 钙Calcium: 钙| 钙质| 钙粉21. scandium ['skændɪəm]n. [化学] 钪scandium: 钪| 钪棒22. titanium [taɪ'teɪnɪəm; tɪ-]n. [化学] 钛(金属元素)Titanium: 钛| 钛合金| 钛色洗23. vanadium [və'neɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 钒V anadium: 钒| 硫酸钒| 钒矿24. chromium ['krəʊmɪəm]n. [化学] 铬(24号元素,符号Cr)25. manganese ['mæŋgəniːz]n. [化学] 锰Manganese: 锰| 锰片| 电解锰26. iron ['aɪən]n. 熨斗;烙铁;坚强adj. 铁的;残酷的;刚强的vt. 熨;用铁铸成vi. 熨衣;烫平Iron: 整理和熨烫| 铁| 熨烫27. cobalt ['kəʊbɔːlt; -ɒlt]n. [化学] 钴;钴类颜料;由钴制的深蓝色Cobalt: 钴| 钴蓝色| 钴元素28. nickel ['nɪk(ə)l]n. 镍;镍币;五分镍币vt. 镀镍于Nickel: 镍| 五美分| 镍币29. copper ['kɒpə]n. 铜;铜币;警察adj. 铜的vt. 镀铜于Copper: 铜| 铜币| 合金30. zinc [zɪŋk]n. 锌vt. 镀锌于…;涂锌于…;用锌处理Zinc: 锌| 锌色| 锌粉31. gallium ['gælɪəm]n. [化学] 镓Gallium: 镓| 金属镓| 镓盐32. germanium [dʒɜː'meɪnɪəm]n. [化学] 锗(32号元素,符号Ge)Germanium: 锗| 锗粉| 盖乐33. arsenic ['ɑːs(ə)nɪk]n. 砷;砒霜;三氧化二砷adj. 砷的;含砷的arsenic: 砷| 砒霜| 内脏中毒34. selenium [sɪ'liːnɪəm]n. [化学] 硒Selenium: 硒| 硒粉| 免疫组织化学35. bromine ['brəʊmiːn]n. [化学] 溴Bromine: 溴素| 溴| 溴盐36. krypton ['krɪptɒn]n. [化学] 氪(元素符号为Kr)krypton: 氪| 氪气| 氪星37. barium ['beərɪəm]n. [化学] 钡(一种化学元素)barium: 钡| 金属钡| 钡剂38. radium ['reɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 镭(88号元素符号Ra)Radium: 镭| 镭灰| 北投石39. palladium [pə'leɪdɪəm]n. [化学] 钯;守护神palladium: 钯金| 钯| 守护神40. platinum ['plætɪnəm]n. [化学] 铂;白金;唱片集达100万张的销售量;银灰色adj. 唱片集已售出100万张的Platinum: 白金| 铂金| 白金色41. silver ['sɪlvə]n. 银;银器;银币;银质奖章;餐具;银灰色adj. 银的;含银的;有银色光泽的;口才流利的;第二十五周年的婚姻vt. 镀银;使有银色光泽vi. 变成银色silver: 银色| 银白色| 银42. gold [ɡəuld]n. 金,黄金;金色;金币adj. 金的,金制的;金色的43. cadmium ['kædmɪəm]n. [化学] 镉(元素符号Cd)Cadmium: 镉| 影响呼吸道| 镉粒44. mercury ['mə:kjuri]n. 水银;水银柱;精神Mercury: 水星| 水银| 汞45. tin [tɪn]n. 锡;罐头,罐;马口铁adj. 锡制的vt. 涂锡于;给…包马口铁Tin: 氮化钛46. lead [liːd]n. 领导;铅;导线;石墨;榜样adj. 带头的;最重要的vt. 领导;致使;引导;指挥vi. 领导;导致;用水砣测深Lead: 领先| 带领| 引导47. antimony ['æntɪmənɪ]n. [化学] 锑(符号Sb)Antimony: 锑| 锑粒| 锑块48. bismuth ['bɪzməθ]n. [化学] 铋Bismuth: 铋| 铋粒| 铋粉49. iodine ['aɪədiːn; -aɪn; -ɪn]n. 碘;碘酒Iodine: 碘| 碘酒| 放射药理学50. xenon ['zenɒn; 'ziː-]n. [化学] 氙(稀有气体元素)xenon: 氙| 氙气| 塞诺恩51. uranium [ju'reiniəm]n. [化]铀。
(完整版)化学类专业英语词汇
专业英语词汇Unit 1 TEXT A:Chemical Reactions and Group Reactions customary a. 通常的,惯例的handle n.柄vt.触摸handling n.处理,管理derive vt.取得,得到,衍生oxidate vt.使氧化oxidation n.satisfactory a.令人满意的,符合要求的rapid a.快的,迅速的,动作快的combustion n.燃烧somewhat pron. ad. 一点点,几分,有点effort n.努力commercial a.商业的,商务的undesirable a.不合需要的,不受欢迎的,讨厌的retard vt.延迟,放慢,使停滞transformer n.变压器transform vt.改变,转变automotive a.自动的,机动的,汽车的cracked 裂化的sluge n.软泥,淤泥stiff a.硬的,强烈的extent 广度,程度distillation n.蒸馏distill vt.vi.unrefined a.未精致,未提炼的acidity n.酸味,酸性acidify vt. Vi.Involve vt.包缠,卷缠Fell=followingIndividual a.个人的,个体的Presumable a.可假定的,可推测的Destruction n.破坏,毁灭Overall n。
a.全面的,综合的Exceed 超过,胜过Isolate vt.隔离,孤立,使离析iso—构词成分“均匀”“异构”“苯”Analyse vt. 分析,分解Carbonyl 羰基Carboxyl 羧基Hydroxyl 羟基Decomposition 分解Alkyl 烷基,烃基Aldehyde n.醛Yield vt. 出产,产出Explosive a. 爆炸Vapor n.蒸汽,vi.蒸发Propagation 繁殖,增殖;传播Dehydrate vt.使脱水Acet 构词成分Acetaldehyde 乙醛Resin n.树脂Resinous a.树脂的Carboxylic a.羟基的Substantial a.物质的,实质的Susceptible a.易受感动的,敏感的Analogous a.类似的,相似的(to)Response n.作答,回答,响应,反应Readily ad.乐意地,很快地Readiness n.准备就绪,愿意Extent n.广度长度Steric 空间的,位的Likewise ad.同样的,照样地;也,又Suffer vt.遭受,经历Progressive a.进步的,长进的,渐次的Adjacent a.邻近的,紧挨着的Terminal a.末端的,终点的MethyleneBromide n.溴化物Substitute n.代替物(人),代用品substitution n.代替,替换Remote a.相隔较远的Acetone n.丙酮Ether n.醚,乙醚Correspond vi.符合,一致;相当,相应Reservation n.保留,预定Tend vi.走向,趋向。
化学常用中英文对照
AMMA:Acrylonitrile/methyl Methacrylate:丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物AA:丙烯酸AAS:丙烯酸酯-丙烯酸酯-苯乙烯共聚物ABFN:偶氮(二)甲酰胺ABN:偶氮(二)异丁腈ABA:Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate:丙烯腈/丁二烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物ABS:Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene:丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物AES:Acrylonitrile-ethylene-styrene:丙烯腈/乙烯/苯乙烯共聚物ARP:Aromatic polyester:聚芳香酯Arsenic(砷)AS:Acrylonitrile-styrene resin:丙烯腈-苯乙烯树脂ASA:Acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate:丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物ABA Acrylonitrile-butadiene-acrylate 丙烯腈/丁二烯/丙烯酸酯共聚物BAA:正丁醛苯胺缩合物BAD:双水杨酸双酚A酯BCD:β-环糊精BE:丙烯酸乳胶外墙涂料BFRM:硼纤维增强塑料BLE:丙酮-二苯胺高温缩合物BMA:甲基丙烯酸丁酯BN:氮化硼BNE:新型环氧树脂BNS:β-萘磺酸甲醛低缩合物BOPP:双轴向聚丙烯BPMC:2-仲丁基苯基-N-甲基氨基酸酯BPTP:聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯BR:丁二烯橡胶BROC:二溴(代)甲酚环氧丙基醚BS:丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物BT:聚丁烯-1热塑性塑料BTX:苯-甲苯-二甲苯混合物CA:Cellulose acetate:醋酸纤维塑料CAB:Cellulose acetate butyrate:醋酸-丁酸纤维素塑料CAN:醋酸-硝酸纤维素CAP:Cellulose acetate propionate:醋酸-丙酸纤维素CBA:化学发泡剂CDP:磷酸甲酚二苯酯CE:"Cellulose plastics, general":通用纤维素塑料CF:Cresol-formaldehyde:甲酚-甲醛树脂CFE:氯氟乙烯CFM:碳纤维密封填料CFRP:碳纤维增强塑料CLF:含氯纤维CMC:Carboxymethyl cellulose:羧甲基纤维素CMCNa:羧甲基纤维素钠CMD:代尼尔纤维CMS:羧甲基淀粉CN:Cellulose nitrate:硝酸纤维素CP:Cellulose propionate:丙酸纤维素CPE:Chlorinated polyethylene:氯化聚乙烯CPVC:Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride):氯化聚氯乙烯CS:Casein:酪蛋白CTA:Cellulose triacetate:三醋酸纤维素EC Ethyl cellulose 乙烷纤维素E/EA:乙烯/丙烯酸乙酯共聚物EMA Ethylene/methacrylic acid 乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物EP "Epoxy, epoxide" 环氧树脂ETFE Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene 乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物EAA:乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物EBM:挤出吹塑模塑E/V AC:乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物ECB:乙烯共聚物和沥青的共混物ECD:环氧氯丙烷橡胶ECTEE:聚(乙烯-三氟氯乙烯)ED-3:环氧酯EC:Ethyl cellulose:乙烷纤维素EEA:Ethylene/ethyl acrylate:乙烯/丙烯酸乙酯共聚物EMA:Ethylene/methacrylic acid:乙烯/甲基丙烯酸共聚物EPD:Ethylene-propylene-diene:乙烯-丙烯-二烯三元共聚物EPM:Ethylene-propylene polymer:乙烯-丙烯共聚物EPS:Expanded polystyrene:发泡聚苯乙烯ETFE:Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene:乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物EV A:Ethylene/vinyl acetate:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EV AL:Ethylene-vinyl alcohol:乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物EO:环氧乙烷EOT:聚乙烯硫醚EP:环氧树脂EPI:环氧氯丙烷EPM:乙烯-丙烯共聚物EPOR:三元乙丙橡胶EPR:乙丙橡胶EPS:可发性聚苯乙烯EPSAN:乙烯-丙烯-苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物EPT:乙烯丙烯三元共聚物EPVC:乳液法聚氯乙烯EU:聚醚型聚氨酯EV A:乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVE:乙烯基乙基醚EXP:醋酸乙烯-乙烯-丙烯酸酯三元共聚乳液F/V AL:乙烯/乙烯醇共聚物F-23:四氟乙烯-偏氯乙烯共聚物F-30:三氟氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物F-40:四氟氯乙烯-乙烯共聚物FEP Perfluoro(ethylene-propylene) 全氟(乙烯-丙烯)塑料FNG:耐水硅胶FPM:氟橡胶FRA:纤维增强丙烯酸酯FRC:阻燃粘胶纤维FRP:纤维增强塑料FRPA-101:玻璃纤维增强聚癸二酸癸胺(玻璃纤维增强尼龙1010树脂) FRPA-610:玻璃纤维增强聚癸二酰乙二胺(玻璃纤维增强尼龙610树脂) FF Furan formaldehyde 呋喃甲醛GF:玻璃纤维GFRP:玻璃纤维增强塑料GFRTP:玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料促进剂GOF:石英光纤GPS:通用聚苯乙烯GR-1:异丁橡胶GR-N:丁腈橡胶GR-S:丁苯橡胶GRTP:玻璃纤维增强热塑性塑料GUV:紫外光固化硅橡胶涂料GY:厌氧胶HDPE High-density polyethylene plastics 高密度聚乙烯塑料HIPS High impact polystyrene 高冲聚苯乙烯HLA:天然聚合物透明质胶HLD:树脂性氯丁胶HM:高甲氧基果胶HMC:高强度模塑料HOPP:均聚聚丙烯HPC:羟丙基纤维素HPMC:羟丙基甲基纤维素HPMCP:羟丙基甲基纤维素邻苯二甲酸酯HTPS:高冲击聚苯乙烯IEN:互贯网络弹性体IPS Impact-resistant polystyre ne 耐冲击聚苯乙烯IHPN:互贯网络均聚物IIR:异丁烯-异戊二烯橡胶IR:异戊二烯橡胶IVE:异丁基乙烯基醚JSF:聚乙烯醇缩醛胶KSG:空分硅胶LCP Liquid crystal polymer 液晶聚合物LDN:氯丁胶粘剂LDPE Low-density polyethylene plastics 低密度聚乙烯塑料LDR:氯丁橡胶LHPC:低替代度羟丙基纤维素LIPN:乳胶互贯网络聚合物LJ:接体型氯丁橡胶LLDPE Linear low-density polyethylene 线性低密聚乙烯LM:低甲氧基果胶LMDPE Linear medium-density polyethylene 线性中密聚乙烯LMWPE:低分子量聚乙稀LSR:羧基氯丁乳胶MBS:Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene:甲基丙烯酸-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物MC:Methyl cellulose:甲基纤维素MDPE:Medium-density polyethylene:中密聚乙烯MF:Melamine-formaldehyde resin:密胺-甲醛树脂MPF:Melamine/phenol-formaldehyde:密胺/酚醛树脂PA:Polyamide (nylon):聚酰胺(尼龙)PAA:Poly(acrylic acid):聚丙烯酸PADC:Poly(allyl diglycol carbonate):碳酸-二乙二醇酯? 烯丙醇酯树脂PAE:Polyarylether:聚芳醚PAEK:Polyaryletherketone:聚芳醚酮PAI:Polyamide-imide:聚酰胺-酰亚胺PAK:Polyester alkyd:聚酯树脂PAN:Polyacrylonitrile:聚丙烯腈PARA:Polyaryl amide:聚芳酰胺PASU:Polyarylsulfone:聚芳砜PA T:Polyarylate:聚芳酯PAUR:Poly(ester urethane):聚酯型聚氨酯PB:Polybutene-1:聚丁烯-[1]PBA:Poly(butyl acrylate):聚丙烯酸丁酯PBAN:Polybutadiene-acrylonitrile:聚丁二烯-丙烯腈PBS:Polybutadiene-styrene:聚丁二烯-苯乙烯PBT:Poly(butylene terephthalate):聚对苯二酸丁二酯PC:Polycarbonate:聚碳酸酯PCTFE:Polychlorotrifluoroethylene:聚氯三氟乙烯PDAP:Poly(diallyl phthalate):聚对苯二甲酸二烯丙酯PE:Polyethylene:聚乙烯PEBA:Polyether block amide:聚醚嵌段酰胺PEBA:Thermoplastic elastomer polyether:聚酯热塑弹性体PEEK:Polyetheretherketone:聚醚醚酮PEI:Poly(etherimide):聚醚酰亚胺PEK:Polyether ketone:聚醚酮PEO:Poly(ethylene oxide):聚环氧乙烷PES:Poly(ether sulfone):聚醚砜PET:Poly(ethylene terephthalate):聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯PETG Poly(ethylene terephthalate) glycol 二醇类改性PET PEUR:Poly(ether urethane):聚醚型聚氨酯PF:Phenol-formaldehyde resin:酚醛树脂PFA:Perfluoro(alkoxy alkane):全氟烷氧基树脂PFF:Phenol-furfural resin:酚呋喃树脂PI:Polyimide:聚酰亚胺PIB:Polyisobutylene:聚异丁烯PISU:Polyimidesulfone:聚酰亚胺砜PMCA:Poly(methyl-alpha-chloroacrylate):聚α-氯代丙烯酸甲酯PMMA:Poly(methyl methacrylate):聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PMP:Poly(4-methylpentene-1):聚4-甲基戊烯-1PMS:Poly(alpha-methylstyrene):聚α-甲基苯乙烯POM:"Polyoxymethylene, polyacetal":聚甲醛PP:Polypropylene:聚丙烯PPA:Polyphthalamide:聚邻苯二甲酰胺PPE:Poly(phenylene ether):聚苯醚PPO:Poly(phenylene oxide) deprecated:聚苯醚PPOX:Poly(propylene oxide):聚环氧(丙)烷PPS:Poly(phenylene sulfide):聚苯硫醚PPSU:Poly(phenylene sulfone):聚苯砜PS:Polystyrene:聚苯乙烯PSU:Polysulfone:聚砜PTFE:Polytetrafluoroethylene:聚四氟乙烯PUR:Polyurethane:聚氨酯PV AC:Poly(vinyl acetate):聚醋酸乙烯PV AL:Poly(vinyl alcohol):聚乙烯醇PVB:Poly(vinyl butyral):聚乙烯醇缩丁醛PVC:Poly(vinyl chloride):聚氯乙烯PVCA:Poly(vinyl chloride-acetate):聚氯乙烯醋酸乙烯酯PVCC:chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)(*CPVC):氯化聚氯乙烯PVI:poly(vinyl isobutyl ether):聚(乙烯基异丁基醚)PVM:poly(vinyl chloride vinyl methyl ether):聚(氯乙烯-甲基乙烯基醚)RAM restricted area molding 窄面模塑RF:resorcinol-formaldehyde resin:甲苯二酚-甲醛树脂RIM:reaction injection molding:反应注射模塑RP:reinforced plastics:增强塑料RTP:reinforced thermoplastics:增强热塑性塑料S/AN:styrene-acryonitrile copolymer:苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物SBS:styrene-butadiene block copolymer:苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物SI:silicone:聚硅氧烷SMC:sheet molding compound:片状模塑料S/MS:styrene-α-methylstyrene copolymer:苯乙烯-α-甲基苯乙烯共聚物TMC:thick molding compound:厚片模塑料TPE:thermoplastic elastomer:热塑性弹性体TPS:toughened polystyrene:韧性聚苯乙烯TPU:thermoplastic urethanes:热塑性聚氨酯TPX:ploymethylpentene:聚-4-甲基-1戊烯VG/E:vinylchloride-ethylene copolymer:聚乙烯-乙烯共聚物VC/E/MA:vinylchloride-ethylene-methylacrylate copolymer:聚乙烯-乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物VC/E/VCA:vinylchloride-ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer:氯乙烯-乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物PVDC:Poly(vinylidene chloride):聚(偏二氯乙烯)PVDF:Poly(vinylidene fluoride):聚(偏二氟乙烯)PVF:Poly(vinyl fluoride):聚氟乙烯PVFM:Poly(vinyl formal):聚乙烯醇缩甲醛PVK:Polyvinylcarbazole:聚乙烯咔唑PVP:Polyvinylpyrrolidone:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮S/MA:Styrene-maleic anhydride plastic:苯乙烯-马来酐塑料SAN:Styrene-acrylonitrile plastic:苯乙烯-丙烯腈塑料SB:Styrene-butadiene plastic:苯乙烯-丁二烯塑料Si:Silicone plastics:有机硅塑料SMS:Styrene/alpha-methylstyrene plastic:苯乙烯-α-甲基苯乙烯塑料SP:Saturated polyester plastic:饱和聚酯塑料SRP:Styrene-rubber plastics:聚苯乙烯橡胶改性塑料TEEE:"Thermoplastic Elastomer,Ether-Ester":醚酯型热塑弹性体TEO:"Thermoplastic Elastomer, Olefinic":聚烯烃热塑弹性体TES:"Thermoplastic Elastomer, Styrenic":苯乙烯热塑性弹性体TPEL:Thermoplastic elastomer:热塑(性)弹性体TPES:Thermoplastic polyester:热塑性聚酯TPUR:Thermoplastic polyurethane:热塑性聚氨酯TSUR:Thermoset polyurethane:热固聚氨酯UF:Urea-formaldehyde resin:脲甲醛树脂UHMWPE:Ultra-high molecular weight PE:超高分子量聚乙烯UP:Unsaturated polyester:不饱和聚酯VCE:Vinyl chloride-ethylene resin:氯乙烯/乙烯树脂VCEV:Vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl:氯乙烯/乙烯/醋酸乙烯共聚物VCMA:Vinyl chloride-methyl acrylate:氯乙烯/丙烯酸甲酯共聚物VCMMA:Vinyl chloride-methylmethacrylate:氯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物VCOA:Vinyl chloride-octyl acrylate resin:氯乙烯/丙烯酸辛酯树脂VCV AC:Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resin:氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯树脂VCVDC:Vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride:氯乙烯/偏氯乙烯共聚物。
化学用语中英文对照
Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金metal 金属metalloid 非金属Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬。
(完整版)化学专业词汇
普通化学术语中英文对照表原子 atom adj.atomic原子核 nucleus质子 proton中子 neutron电子 electron(abbr. e)离子 ion [ˈaɪən]阳离子 cation阴离子 anion分子 molecular [məˈlekjələ]单质 element化合物 compound纯净物 pure substance/chemical substance 混合物 mixture相对原子质量 relative atomic mass(abbr. Ar) 相对分子质量relative molecular mass(abbr. Mr)化学式量 relative formula mass物质的量 amount of substance阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro constant(abbr. NA)摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass实验式/最简式/经验式 empirical formula气体摩尔体积 molar volume阿伏加德罗定律 Avogadro’s Law溶液 solution溶解 dissolve浓度 concentration质量/体积分数 mass/volume concentration 浓缩 concentrate稀释 dilute蒸馏 distillation萃取 extraction化学反应方程式 chemical equation反应物 reactant生成物 product固体 solid液体 liquid气体 gaseous溶液 aqueous配平 balance化学计量学 stoichiometry 酸 acid碱 base/alkali (refers to soluble bases)盐 salt酸式盐 acid salt离子方程式 ionic equation结晶水 water of crystallisation水合的 hydrated无水的 anhydrous滴定 titration指示剂 indicator氧化数 oxidation number氧化还原反应 redox reaction氧化反应 oxidation reaction还原反应 reduction reaction歧化反应 disproportionation reaction归中反应comproportionation(symproportionation) reaction氧化剂 oxidising agent还原剂 reducing agent电子层(壳) (electron) shell电离能 ionisation energy(abbr. I.E.)第一,第二,第三等电离能first,second,third,etc. ionisation energy(abbr. 1st,2nd,3rd,etc. I.E.)电子亲和能electron affinity energy(abbr. A.E.)屏蔽效应 electronic shielding(screening)原子轨道 atomic orbital电子云 electron cloud电子亚层 sub-shell能层 layer能级 energy level电子排布 electron configuration电子云重叠 shell overlap洪特规则 Hund’s rule泡利原理 Pauli exclusion principle基态 ground state激发态 excited state跃迁 transition手性 chirality [kaiˈ-]化学键 chemical bond键长 bond length键级 bond order键角 bond angle键能 bond enthalpies离子键 ionic bond供体 donor受体 acceptor静电吸引 electrostatic attraction巨型离子结构 giant ionic structure共价键 covalent[kəʊ'veɪlənt] bond巨型共价结构 giant covalent structure共用电子对 shared pair/bonding pair孤对电子 lone pair/non-bonding pairσ键σ-bondπ键π-bondδ键δ-bond非极性共价键 non-polar bond配位键dipolar bond/dative covalent bond/coordinat e bond电负性 electronegativity极性 polarity偶极子 dipole分子间作用力 intermolecular forces氢键 hydrogen bond范德华力 van der Waal’s force色散力 dispersion force诱导力 induction force取向力orientation force/dipole-dipole force金属键 metallic bond离域 delocalisation [di:,ləukəlai'zeiʃn]延展性 malleability [,mælɪə'bɪləti]可锻性 ductility [dʌk'tɪlətɪ]导电性 electrical conductivity合金 alloy元素周期表 the Periodic Table周期 period族 group原子序数 proton number同位素isotope[ˈaɪsətəʊp]核素 nuclide ['njuːklaɪd]同量异位素 isobar['aɪsə(ʊ)bɑː]金属 metal非金属 nonmetal 碱金属 alkali metal碱土金属 alkaline earth metal卤素 halogen稀有气体 noble gas元素周期律 periodic trends活泼 active稳定 noble分解反应 decomposition reaction化合反应 combination(synthesis) reaction 取代反应 displacement reaction复分解反应salt metathesis[məˈtæθəsis] reaction/double replacement(displacement) reaction沉淀 precipitation [prɪ,sɪpɪ'teɪʃ(ə)n]官能团 functional group碳氢化合物/烃 hydrocarbon饱和烃 saturated hydrocarbon不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon脂肪烃 aliphatic[,ælɪ'fætɪk] hydrocarbon脂环烃 alicyclic ['saɪklɪk; ]hrdrocarbon同系物 homologous[hɒ'mɒləgəs]series异构现象 isomerism ['aisəmərizəm]同分异构体 isomeride [ai'sɔməraid]同素异形体 allotropy/allotropism分子式 molecular formula通式 general formula结构式 displayed formula结构简式 structural formula键线式 skeletal formula均裂 homolytic fission异裂 heterolytic fission亲核试剂 nucleophile ['njukliəfail]亲电子试剂 electrophile加成反应 addition reaction加水加成 hydration reaction加成聚合反应 addition polymerisation聚合物 polymer单体 monomer链节 repeat unit缩合聚合反应 condensation reaction缩聚物 condensation polymer取代反应 substitution reaction脱水 dehydration水解 hydrolysis卤代反应 halogenation reaction酯化反应 esterification reaction亲核取代 nucleophilic substitution消去反应 elimination reaction裂化反应 cracking (reaction)石油分馏 fractional distillation燃烧 combustion发酵 fermentation氟氯烃 chlorofluorocarbons产率 percentage yield原子利用率 atom economy红外光谱学 infrared spectroscopy质谱分析 mass spectroscopy光谱 spectrum挥发性 volatility冷凝回流 reflux反应机理 reaction mechanism能量守恒定律 law of conservation of energy 热力学 thermodynamic [θə:məudaiˈ-]焓 enthalpy(abbr. H) [en'θælpi]焓变 enthalpy change(abbr. ΔH)标准焓 standard enthalpy change(abbr. ΔHӨ)标准反应焓standard enthalpy change(abbr. ΔHrӨ)燃烧热 heat of combustion标准燃烧焓standard enthalpy change of combustion(abbr . ΔHcӨ)标准生成焓standard enthalpy change of formation(abbr. ΔHfӨ)放热反应 exothermic[eksəuˈ-] reaction 吸热反应 endothermic reaction热化学方程式thermochemical[θə:məuˈ-] equation活化能 activation energy(abbe. Ea)比热容 specific heat capacity键焓 bond enthalpy平均键焓 average bond enthalpy盖斯定律 Hess’ law有效碰撞理论 collision theory反应速率 rate of reaction/reaction rate反应动力学 reaction kinetics催化剂 catalyst 催化作用 catalysis 酶 enzyme['enzaim]波尔兹曼分布律 the Boltzmann distribution 化学平衡 (chemical) equilibrium[i:kwiˈ-]可逆反应 reversible reaction动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium平衡常数 chemical equilibrium constant浓度幂 concentration power平衡移动 shift of equilibrium state吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy(abbr. ΔG) 阿累尼乌斯方程the Arrhenius[əˈri:niəs] Equation自发反应 spontaneous[spɔnˈteiniəs] reaction 熵 entropy(abbr. ΔS)温室效应 greenhouse effect吸附作用 adsorption绿色化学 green chemistry溶解度 solubility离子反应 ionic reaction电离 ionisation电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionisation equilibrium电离常数 ionisation constant离子积 ion-product constant氢离子浓度指数hydrogen ion concentration(abbr. pH from Fr ench potentiel d'hydrogène)溶解平衡dissolution equilibrium [dɪsə'luːʃ(ə)n] ekwɪ溶度积 solubility product原电池 galvanic(voltaic) cell [gæl'vænɪk]盐桥 salt bridge电极 electrode正极/阳极 anode负极/阴极 cathode标准电极电势standard electrode potential(abbr. E0)干电池 dry cell一次电池 primary cell(battery)二次电池/蓄电池secondary cell/storage battery充电 charge放电 discharge燃料电池 fuel cell电解 electrolysis电解池/电解槽 electrolytic cell电镀 galvanisation [,ɡælvənai'zeiʃən]电偶腐蚀/电化腐蚀 galvanic corrosion 分子空间构型 molecular geometries杂化 hybrid轨道 orbital晶格 lattice晶体 crystal晶胞 crystal structure堆积作用 sedimentation [,sedɪmən'teɪʃən] 常见元素氢 hydrogen(abbr. H) ['haidrədʒən]氦 helium(abbr. He) ['hi:liəm]锂 lithium(abbr. Li) ['liθiəm]硼 boron(abbr. B) ['bɔ:rɔn]碳 carbon(abbr. C) ['kɑ:bən]氮 nitrogen(abbr. N) ['naitrədʒən]氧 oxygen(abbr. O) ['ɔksidʒən]氟 fluorine(abbr. F) ['fluəri:n]氖 neon(abbr. Ne) ['ni:ɔn]钠 sodium(abbr. Na) ['səudiəm]镁 magnesium(abbr. Mg)铝 aluminum(abbr. Al) [,æləˈminiəm]硅 silicon(abbr. Si) ['silikən]磷 phosphorus(abbr. P) ['fɔsfərəs]硫 sulfur(abbr. S) ['sʌlfə]氯 chlorine(abbr. Cl) ['klɔ:ri:n]氩 argon(abbr. Ar) ['ɑ:ɡɔn]钾 potassium(abbr. K) [pəˈtæsiəm]钙 calcium(abbr. Ca) [ˈkælsiəm]钛 titanium(abbr. Ti) [tai'teiniəm]铬 chromium(abbr. Cr) ['krəumjəm]锰 manganese(abbr. Mn) [ˈmæŋɡəni:z]铁 iron(abbr. Fe) ['aɪən]钴 cobalt(abbr. Co) [kəu'bɔ:lt]镍 nickel(abbr. Ni) ['nikəl]铜 copper(abbr. Cu) ['kɔpə]锌 zinc(abbr. Zn) [ziŋk]砷 arsenic(abbr. As) ['ɑ:sənik]溴 bromine(abbr. Br) ['brəumi:n]银 silver(abbr. Ag) ['silvə]锡 tin(abbr. Sn) [tin]碘 iodine(abbr. I) 氙 xenon(abbr.Xe) ['zenɔn]钡 barium(abbr. Ba) ['beəriəm]钨 tungsten(abbr. W) [tʌŋstən]铂 platinum(abbr. Pt) ['plætinəm]金 gold(abbr. Au) [ɡəuld]汞 mercury(abbr. Hg) ['mə:kjuri]铅 lead(abbr. Pb) [led]常见单质氢气、氮气、氧气、氟气、氯气、液溴、固态碘的名称同元素名称金刚石 diamond ['daiəmənd]石墨 graphite ['græfait]臭氧 ozone ['əuzəun]红磷 red phosphorus白磷 white phosphorus常见根离子(common radicals)氢化的 hydride ['haidraid]硼酸 boric (acid) adj.borate ['bɔːreɪt]碳化的 carbide ['ka:baid]碳酸 carbonic [kɑː'bɒnɪk] (acid) adj. carbonate碳酸氢根 bicarbonate/hydrogen carbonate 氮化的 nitride ['naitraid]叠氮化的 azide ['æzaid]硝酸 nitric (acid) adj.nitrate亚硝酸 nitrous ['naɪtrəs] (acid) adj.nitrite氧化的 oxide ['ɔksaid]二氧化的 dioxide [dai-']三氧化的 trioxide [traɪ'ɒksaɪd]过氧根 peroxy (radical) adj.peroxide [pə'ɔksaid]超氧化的 superoxide [sjupə'ɔksaid]氢氧根 hydroxyl[hai'drɔksil] (radical) adj. hydroxide水合氢离子 hydronium氟化的 fluoride偏铝酸meta-aluminic[metə'æljuminik] (acid) adj. meta-aluminate [ə'ljuːmɪneɪt]四羟基合铝酸hydroxyl-aluminic[hai'drɔksil-'] (acid)硅酸 silicic['silisik] (acid) adj.silicate磷酸 phosphoric (acid) adj.phosphate磷酸二氢根 dihydrogen phosphate磷酸氢根 hydrogen phosphate硫化的 sulfide硫氢根bisulphide/sulphanide/hydrogen sulphide硫酸 sulphuric (acid) adj.sulphate硫酸氢根 bisulphate/hydrogen sulphate亚硫酸 sulphurous (acid) adj.sulphite亚硫酸氢根 bisulphite/hydrogen sulphite硫代硫酸根 thiosulphate [θaiəu-']焦硫酸根 persulphate [pə:-']氯化的 chloride ['klɔraid]氢氯酸/盐酸 hydrochloric (acid)高氯酸 perchloric (acid) adj.perchlorate氯酸 chloric (acid) adj.chlorate亚氯酸 chlorous (acid) adj.chlorite次氯酸 hypochlorous (acid) adj.hypochlorite 溴化的 bromide氢溴酸、高溴酸、溴酸、亚溴酸、次溴酸名称参见氯碘化的 iodide ['aiədaid]氢碘酸、高碘酸、碘酸、亚碘酸、次碘酸名称参见氯卤化的 halide铵根 ammonium [əˈməuniəm]高锰酸根 permanganate锰酸根 manganate 氰根 cyanide ['sainaid] 硫氰根 thiocyanate [θaiəuˈsaiəneit]铬酸根 chromate重铬酸根 dichromate常见无机化合物(common inorganic compounds)氢化钠sodium hydride氨 ammonia/azane[ə-ˈ]硅烷 silane [ˈsi-]磷化氢 phosphine硫化氢 hydrogen sulphide氮化镁 magnesium nitride四氧化三铁 iron(II,III) oxide二氟化氧 oxygen difluoride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化亚铁 iron(II) chloride/ferrous chloride 氯化铁 iron(III) chloride/ferric chloride 氯化亚锡 tin(II) chloride/stannous chloride 四羟基合铝酸钠 sodium aluminate磷酸二氢钠 monosodium phosphate磷酸氢二钠 disodium phosphate氯化铵 ammonium chloride硫氢化钠/硫氢酸钠 sodium hydrosulphide 系统命名法(chemical nomenclature)一 mono-二 di-三 tri-四 tetra-五 penta-六 hexa-七 hepta-八 octa-九 nona-十 deca-烷烃 alkane (preffix alkyl-,suffix -ane)甲 meth-乙 eth-丙 prop-丁 but-戊 pent-己 hex-庚 hept-辛 oct-壬 non-癸 dec-十一 undec-十二 dodec-十三 tridec-十四 tetradec-十五 pentadec-十六 hexadec-十七 heptadec-十八 octadec-十九 nonadec-二十 eicos-三十 triacont-四十 tetracont-五十 prntacont-正构型 normal-(n-)异构型 iso-(i-)新构型 neo-(n-)聚 poly-烷基 alkyl甲基 methyl(abbr. Me)乙基 ethyl(abbr. Et)丙基 propyl(abbr. Pr)环烷烃cycloalkane (preffix -cyclo, suffix -ane)烯烃 alkene (preffix alkenyl-,suffix -ene)二烯烃 allene (suffix -adiene)环烯烃cycloalkene (preffix cyclo-, suffix -ene)炔烃 alkyne (preffix alkynyl-,suffix -yne)顺式异构 preffix cis-(Z-)反式异构 preffix trans-(E-)苯基 phenyl(abbr. Ph)(preffix phenyl-,suffix -benzene)苄基 benzyl(abbr. Bn)(preffix benzyl-,suffix -toluene)醇 alcohol (preffix hydroxy-,suffix -ol)带卤素的化合物 halogens(preffix fluoro-,chloro-,bromo-,etc.)酮 ketone (preffix oxo-,suffix -one)醛 aldehyde (preffix oxo-,suffix -al or not included in carbon chain preffix formyl-,suffix -carbaldehyde)羧酸 carboxylic[ka:bɔk'silik] (acid) adj. carboxylate (suffix -oic acid)羧基 carboxyl (preffix carboxyl-,suffix-oic acid or multiple groupssuffix -di,tri,tetracarbonyl acid)乙酸根 carboxyl radical(abbr. Ac)醚 ether (suffix -ane and -oxy)脂 ester (preffix R-oxycarbonyl-,suffix -oic acid/-oate)胺和酰胺amine(preffix amino-,suffix -amine or accordi ng to position of N atom with pre/suffix -N-) and amide(preffix carbamoyl- and amido-,suff ix –amide and -carboxamide or according to p osition of N atom with pre/suffix -N-)氨基 amino酰胺基 amido 磺酸sulphonic (acid) adj.sulphonate (preffix sulpho -,suffix -sulphonic acid)腈 nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile)酚 phenol/carbolic acid常见有机化合物(common organic compounds)酚酞 phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph)[finɔlf'θeili:n]石蕊 litmus溴酚蓝 bromopheno blue百里酚蓝 thymol blue甲基橙 methyl orange龙胆紫 gentian violet氯仿 chloroform异戊二烯 isoprene月桂烯 myrcene [mair'si:n]聚乙烯 polythene聚氯乙烯 poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC)聚丙烯 polypropylene聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)晴纶 orlon二甲醚 methoxymethane苯酚 phenol乙酸乙酯 methyl propanoate甲酸/蚁酸 methanoic acid/formic acid乙酸/醋酸 ethanoic acid/acetic acid乙二酸/草酸 oxalic acid adj.oxalate丙酸/初油酸 propanoic acid/propionic acid 丁酸/酪酸 butanoic acid/butyric acid软脂酸/棕榈酸 hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid硬脂酸 octadecanoic acid/stearic acid硬脂酸钠 sodium stearate柠檬酸 citric acid柠檬酸钠 sodium citrate乳酸 lactic acid乳酸钠 sodium lactate葡萄糖酸 gluconic acid adj.gluconate氨基酸 amino acid葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose半乳糖 galactose核糖 ribose脱氧核糖 desoxyribose核糖核酸 rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA)脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA)麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose磺酸 sulphonic (acid) adj.sulphonate (preffix sulpho-,suffix -sulphonic a cid)腈 nitrile (preffix cyano-,suffix -nitrile) 酚 phe nol/carbolic acid常见有机化合物(common organic compounds) 酚酞 phenolphthalein(abbr. Hln/phph) [finɔlf'θei li:n]石蕊 litmus溴酚蓝 bromopheno blue百里酚蓝 thymol blue甲基橙 methyl orange龙胆紫 gentian violet氯仿 chloroform异戊二烯 isoprene月桂烯 myrcene [mair'si:n]聚乙烯 polythene聚氯乙烯 poly(chloroethene)(abbr. PVC)聚丙烯 polypropylene聚四氟乙烯/特氟龙poly(tetrafluoroethene)/teflon(abbr.PTF)晴纶 orlon二甲醚 methoxymethane苯酚 phenol乙酸乙酯 methyl propanoate甲酸/蚁酸 methanoic acid/formic acid乙酸/醋酸 ethanoic acid/acetic acid乙二酸/草酸 oxalic acid adj.oxalate丙酸/初油酸 propanoic acid/propionic acid 丁酸/酪酸 butanoic acid/butyric acid软脂酸/棕榈酸hexadecanoic acid/palmitic acid硬脂酸 octadecanoic acid/stearic acid硬脂酸钠 sodium stearate 柠檬酸 citric acid柠檬酸钠 sodium citrate乳酸 lactic acid乳酸钠 sodium lactate葡萄糖酸 gluconic acid adj.gluconate氨基酸 amino acid 葡萄糖 glucose果糖 fructose 半乳糖 galactose核糖 ribose脱氧核糖 desoxyribose核糖核酸 rebonucleic acid(abbr. RNA)脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic acid(abbr. DNA)麦芽糖 maltose蔗糖 sucrose曲颈瓶 retort [ri'-]表面皿 watch glass石棉网 asbestos[æs'bestəs] gauze玻璃棒 glass rod/stirring rod/stir rod铁架台 iron stand滴定管 burette/buret泥三角 pipeclay triangle启普发生器 Kipp's apparatus/Kipp generator 酒精喷灯 alcohol blast burner坩埚钳 tong坩埚 pot索氏提取器 Soxhlet extractor冷凝管 cold finger称量瓶 weighing bottle。
化学英语单词汇总
化学英语单词汇总 The latest revision on November 22, 2020LESSON 11 NEUTRALIZATION – ACIDS REACT WITH BASES 中和——酸碱反应生词neutralizati on [,nju:trlai'zein, li'z-]n. [化学] 中和;[化学] 中和作用;中立状态Drano Drano是一个排水管清洁剂的品牌,主要成分是氢氧化钠。
《绯闻女孩》 - You are not using Blairas sexual Drano.lye[lai]n. 碱液 vt. 用碱液洗涤;soda lye:氢氧化钠oven['vn] n. 炉,灶;烤炉,烤箱Sodiumchloridechloride['kl:raid]n. 氯化物add[d]vi. 加;vinegar['viniɡ]n. 醋hydrochloric[,haidru'klrik]adj. 氯化氢的,盐酸的chapter['tpt]n. 章;recognize['rekɡnaiz]vt. 认出,识别;承认 vi. 确认,承认;具结shortcut[':tkt]n. 捷径;被切短的东西;快捷键-desktop shortcut:桌面快捷方式;桌面捷径beneath[bi'ni:θ]prep. 在…之下 adv. 在下方literally['litrli]adv. 照字面地;逐字地coefficient[,kui'fint]n. [数] 系数;率;协同因素 adj. 合作的;共同作用的calcium['klsim]n. [化学] 钙electric charge n. 电荷(等于charge,electricity);电费as simple a manner as possibleattached to附属于;系于;爱慕in contactwith接触;与…有联系as a groupof作为整体;总体来讲negativenumbern. [数] 负数; -1 Negative oneHCl +NaOH → H2O + NaClHydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide and yields water and sodium chlorideH 2SO4+2NaOH → 2H2O + Na2SO4A molecule of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 molecules of sodium hydroxide and yield 2 molecules of water and a molecule of sodium sulfate辨析fabric['fbrik]n. 织物;布;组织;构造;建筑物fabrics n. 纺织品;织物;装饰织物;面料hydroxide[hai'drksaid]n. [无化] 氢氧化物;羟化物HydroxideionOH-氢氧根离子; H+ hydrogen ion 氢离子molecule['mlikjul]n. [化学] 分子;微小颗粒,微粒molecular[mu'lekjul]adj. [化学] 分子的;由分子组成的cation['ktain]n. [化学] 阳离子;[化学] 正离子anion['nain]n. 阴离子Negative ion阴离子Positive ion阳离子nitric['naitrik]adj. 氮的;含氮的;硝石的;~ acid: 硝酸nitrate['naitreit]n. 硝酸盐nitrate anion 硝酸根阴离子:nitrate ion 硝酸根离子sulfuric[sl'fjurik]adj. 硫磺的;含(六价)硫的 sulfuricacid 硫酸sulfate['slfeit] n. [无化] 硫酸盐; sulfate ionphosphoric[fs'frik, -'f:-]adj. 磷的,含磷的phosphate['fsfeit]n. 磷酸盐;皮膜化成LESSON 18 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANT SOLUSION-FORMATION OF MICELLE 表面活性剂溶液的物理性质——胶团的形成生词surfactant[s:'fktnt]n. 表面活性剂;adj. 表面活性剂的micelle[mi'sel, mai-]n. [分子生物] 胶束;[生物] 微团dilute[dai'lju:t, di-]adj. 稀释的;淡的electrolytes[i'lektr,laits]n. 电解质;电解质类(electrolyte的复数形式)abrupt['brpt]abrupt change突变;陡变n. [分化] 浊度;浑浊;混浊度;混乱Turbidity[t:'bidti,t:'biditi]anomalous['nmls]adj. 异常的;不规则的;不恰当的aggregate['ɡriɡt, 'ɡriɡeit]vt. 聚集;合计 n. 集合体;总计; adj. 聚合的;集合的;合计的adj. 亲脂性的,亲脂的lipophilic[,lipu'filik, lai-]orientate[':rienteit] 1.使向东;2.给...定位;3. 使适应interior[in'tiri]n. 内部;本质 adj. 内部的;国内的;本质的appreciable['pri:ibl]adj. 可感知的;可评估的;相当可观的aqueous['eikwis]adj. 水的,水般的; aqueous medium 水介质electrostatic[i,lektr'sttik]adj. 静电的;静电学的repulsion[ri'pln]n. 排斥;反驳;反感;厌恶halve[hɑ:v, hv]vt. 二等分;把……减半well defined轮廓分明的;意义明确的act as担当in force有效的;大批地;大规模地take place发生Point out指出critical micelle【物理化学】临界胶团浓度concentrationbe expected to有望做某事;被期待做某事In term of依据,按照;在…方面ca.['s:k]Circa prep. 大约于 adv. 大约dm['desi,mi:t]Decimeter n. [主英国英语]分米(=1/10米)[略作dm.]cubic['kju:bik]adj. 立方体的,立方的mol[mul]n. [化学] 摩尔;[化学] 克分子(等于mole)n. 缔合;协会,联盟,社团;联合;联想association[,susi'ein, ,sui'ei-]dissociation[di,sui'ein]n. 分解,分离;分裂ion['ain]n. [化学] 离子ionic[ai'nik]Adj. 离子的conductance[kn'dktns]n. [电] 电导;导率;电导系数conductivity[,kndk'tiviti]n. 导电性;[物][生理] 传导性lipophilic[,lipu'filik, lai-]adj. 亲脂性的,亲脂的lipo n. 脂肪philic suff. 亲…的; 嗜…的suffix字尾;接尾;附加....Hydro philic[,haidru'filik]adj. 亲水的Hydro phobic[,haidru'fubik]adj. 疏水的;狂犬病的;恐水病的;Half[hɑ:f, hf]n. 一半;adv. 一半地;adj. 一半的;不完全的;半途的Halve[hɑ:v, hv]vt. 二等分;把……减半halves[hɑ:vz, hvz]n. 一学期;两等份(half的复数形式)LESSON 23 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (I)有机化合物的物理性质(I)朗读注意:revolution[,rev'lju:n]n. 革命revolutionize[,rev'lju:naiz]vt. 发动革命;彻底改革;宣传革命elucidate[i'lu:si,deit]vt. 阐明;说明spectral['spektrl]adj. [光] 光谱的;幽灵的;鬼怪的elasticity[,els'tisti]n.弹性solubility[,slju'bilti]n.溶解性,可溶性;溶解度viscosity[vi'sksti]n. 黏性tensile['tensail; -sl]【物理学】抗张强度,抗拉强度,拉伸强度strengthequilibrium[,i:kwi'librim]n. 平衡(状态)Over在…期间;直到…完了(或过后):morphous形,形态isomorphous[,aisu'm:fs]adj. [生物] 同形的;[晶体] 同晶的morphism['m:fizm]n. [数] 态射;形态主义Polymorphism[,pli'm:fizm]n. 多态性;多形性;同质多晶(现象)Polymorphs n. 同质多形体;多晶型物crystalline['kristlain]adj. 结晶的crystallize['krist,laiz]. 使结晶:ambiguity[,mbi'ɡju:iti]n. 含糊;不明确;暧昧;模棱两可的话externally[eks't:nli]adv. 外部地;外表上,外形上discoloration[dis,kl'rein]n. 变色;污点n. 演变;进化论;进展evolution[,i:v'lu:n, ,ev-]material [m'tiril]roughly['rfli]adv. 粗糙地;大致上symmetrical[si'metrikl]adj. 对称的stereoisomeri c ['steriu,ais'merik]adj. 立体异构的Maleic n. 顺丁烯; acid顺丁烯二酸马来酸;Fumaric[fju:'mrik]adj. 反丁烯二酸的; 反丁烯二酸; [有化] 富马酸;延胡索酸;Carboxylic [,kɑ:bk'silik]adj. [有化] 羧基的deals withtransitionpoints转变点LESSON 24 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (II)朗读注意:LESSON 44 A NOTE ON NOMENCATURE 朗读注意:5Poly(methyl meth acrylate)['mi:θail][meθ]n. 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Poly(1-methoxy-carbonyl-1-methylethylene)[m'θksi] n. 聚(1-甲氧基-羰基-1-甲基乙烯)methyl['mi:θail]n. [有化] 甲基;木精acrylate['krileit]n. 丙烯酸盐,丙烯酸脂methoxy- [m'θksi]【化学】表示“甲氧(基)”carbonyl['kɑ:bnil]n. 羰基(含有羰基的金属化合物);碳酰6polypropylene[,pli'prup,li:n]n. [高分子] 聚丙烯7Poly styrene[,pli'stairi:n]n. [高分子] 聚苯乙烯Phenyl ethylene[,fen'eθili:n]n. [有化] 苯乙烯8LESSON 45 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (I)朗读注意:alchemist['lkimist]n. 炼金术士medieval[,medi'i:vl]adj. 中世纪的;原始的;仿中世纪的;老式的artisan[,ɑ:ti'zn,'ɑ:tizn]n. 工匠,技工degrade['di'ɡreid]【化学】使(化合物)降解depolymerize[di:'plimraiz]vt.,vi. 【化学】(使)(高分子化合物)解聚aging['eidi]n. 老化;陈化,熟化denature[di:'neit]vi. 变性albumin['lbjumin]n. [生化] 白蛋白,[生化] 清蛋白Wool[wul]n. 羊毛;毛线;毛织品;proteinaceous[,pruti:'neis,adj. 蛋白质的;朊的-ti:i-]n. [有化] 碳水化合物;[有化] 糖类carbohydrate[,kɑ:bu'haidreit]Flax[flks]n. 亚麻hevea['hi:vi]n. 三叶胶(一种橡胶树,产于南美洲)elastomer[i'lstm]n. [力] 弹性体,[高分子] 高弹体tan[tn]vt. 鞣(革);leather['lee]n. 皮革;皮革制品tortoise['t:ts]n. 龟nitrate['naitreit]n. 硝酸盐;vt. 用硝酸处理tar[tɑ:]n. 焦油;柏油caulking['k:ki]n. 堵缝;压紧 adj. 堵缝的;嵌缝的 v.[建] 堵缝;凿密caulking material填隙料;填颖材料;嵌缝材料Shellac['lk, 'elk]n. 虫胶;虫漆excrement['ekskrimnt]n. 粪便,排泄物coccid['kksid]n. 介壳虫Urea['juri]n. [肥料] 尿素despite[di'spait]prep. 尽管,不管ebonite['ebnait]n. [橡胶] 硬橡胶;硬化橡皮;硬橡皮Thermoset['θ:muset]n. 热固性;热凝物;adj. 热固性的thermoplastic[,θ:mu'plstik]adj. 热塑性的;n. [塑料] 热塑性塑料vulcanized['vlknaizd]adj. [化学] 硫化的multitudinous[,mlti'tju:dinsadj. 大量的,群集的;多种多样的]celluloid['seljulid]n. 赛璐珞;(美俚)电影(胶片)collodion[k'ludjn][美国英语] 【化学】胶棉;火棉胶;珂罗酊【化学】(二)乙醚( = ether)ethyl ether['i:θail]['i:θ]terminology[,t:mi'nldi]n. 术语,术语学;用辞classified as分类为tough meat老肉base metals基本金属;廉价金属(base metal的复数)Wohler德国化学家乌拉Kekule凯库勒查尔斯固特异Charles and NelsonGoodyearSchonbein舍恩拜因、史空扁Menard梅纳德Parkes and Hyatt帕克斯、海特Chardonnet夏尔多内LESSON 46 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (2)朗读注意:LESSON 47 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (3)生词:Prior['prai]galalith['glliθ]n. 乳石,酪素塑料casein['keisi:in]n. 酪蛋白rayon['rein]n. 人造纤维 adj.glyptal['ɡliptl]n. 甘酞树脂,丙三醇邻苯二甲酐树脂bitumen['bitjumin]n. 沥青asphalt['sflt]n. 沥青;柏油Coumarone-indene['ku:m,run] ['indi:n]n. 香豆酮;苯并呋喃;氧茚;n.茚petroleum[pi'trulim]n.石油chronological[,krn'ldikl]adj.依时间前后排列而记载的laureate['l:rit]n. 桂冠诗人;得奖者cyclohexane[,saiklu'heksein]n. 环己烷crystallite['krist,lait]n. 微晶;皱晶aliphatic[,li'ftik]adj. 脂肪质的,脂肪族的polyamide[,pli'maid]n. [高分子] 聚酰胺(尼龙)nylon['nailn]n. 尼龙;聚酰胺纤维;emulsion[i'mln]n. 乳剂;乳状液奠定了基础工作laid the groundworkLeave… alone不打扰;不干涉;不管;不理有充分的理由(做某事)there is everyreasonHormann霍曼施陶丁格StaudingerCarothers卡洛修斯Meyer and Mark['meij]迈耶LESSON 48 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (4)朗读注意:LESSON 52 DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS 差热分析朗读注意:。
化学专业英语,中英互译,考前必备
1.有机化学Inorganic chemistry 无机化学organic chemistry物理化学physical chemistry 分析化学Analytical chemistry 生物化学biochemistry 化工原理principles of chemical engineering热力学thermodynamics2.烷烃Alkanes烯烃Alkenes 炔烃Alkynes 甲烷Methane乙烯Ethene 乙炔Ethyne环己烷Cyclohexane苯Naphthalene 醇Alcohols醚Ethers 酮Ketones醛Aldehydes酯Esters羧酸Fatty Acids胺Amines 氰Cyanides碳水化合物Carbohydrates氨基酸Amino Acides 蛋白质protein 脂质lipids3. 氨基甲酸酯carbamate沉淀precipitation测定determine 除草剂herbicide 单元操作Unit operations底物substrate 定性分析qualitative 定量分析gravimetric发色团chromophore 分离isolate 分析物analyte 反应速率Reaction rate 过滤filtration化学污染chemical pollution合成synthesize解吸附作用desorption基本原理fundamental principle科学领域scientific fields农药pesticide亲核试剂nucleophile 杀菌剂fungicide 石化产品Petrochemical 碳氢化合物Hydrocarbons 碳阳离子carbocation物性the properties of substance 新陈代谢metabolism吸附adsorption有毒化学品toxic chemical 有机氯化物Organic chloride自然变化natural changes准确度accuracy 助色团auxochrome 植物生长调节剂plant growth regulator蒸馏distillation4.烧杯beakers通风橱Furne hoods 锥形瓶Erlenmeyer圆底烧瓶Round bottom flask蒸馏烧瓶Distillation蒸发皿Evaporating dishes真空干燥器Vaccume dessicator5.Al2O3aluminium(III) oxide BaCl2 Barium(II) chloride BaI2 Barium iodide Ca(MnO4)2Calcium permanganate Cu2S copper(I) sulphide CuO Copper(II) oxide FeSO4 Iron(II) sulfate HClO4 perchloric acid H2SO4 sulphuric acid H2CO3Carbouic acide HPO4diammonium hydrogen phosphate KHSO4 potassium hydrogen sulphide KMnO4 Potassium permanganate (NH4)2CO3ammoniue carbonate (NH4)2SO4 Ammmonium sulfate N2O nitrogen(I) oxide NaH Sodium permanganate P4O6 tetraphosphorus hexaoxide PF5phosphorus pentafluoride P4O10 tetraphosphorus decaoxide Sncl4 tin(IV) chloride6.There are 20 standard amino acids , and they contain a carboxyl group ,an amino group ,and a side chain . 有20个标准氨基酸,和含有羧基、一个氨基和侧链。
化学英语词汇
●化学常用词汇汉英对照表1●氨 ammonia氨基酸 amino acid铵盐 ammonium salt饱和链烃 saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯 benzene变性 denaturation不饱和烃 unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料 superconductive material臭氧 ozone醇 alcohol次氯酸钾 potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠 sodium acetate蛋白质 protein氮族元素 nitrogen group element碘化钾 potassium iodide碘化钠 sodium iodide电化学腐蚀 electrochemical corrosion电解质 electrolyte电离平衡 ionization equilibrium电子云 electron cloud淀粉 starch淀粉碘化钾试纸 starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮 nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅 silicon dioxide二氧化硫 sulphur dioxide二氧化锰 manganese dioxide芳香烃 arene放热反应 exothermic reaction非极性分子 non-polar molecule非极性键 non-polar bond肥皂 soap分馏 fractional distillation酚 phenol复合材料 composite干电池 dry cell干馏 dry distillation甘油 glycerol高分子化合物 polymer共价键 covalent bond官能团 functional group光化学烟雾 photochemical fog过氧化氢 hydrogen peroxide合成材料 synthetic material合成纤维 synthetic fiber合成橡胶 synthetic rubber核电荷数 nuclear charge number核素 nuclide化学电源 chemical power source化学反应速率 chemical reaction rate 化学键 chemical bond化学平衡 chemical equilibrium还原剂 reducing agent磺化反应 sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子 polar molecule极性键 polar bond加成反应 addition reaction加聚反应 addition polymerization甲烷 methane碱金属 alkali metal碱石灰 soda lime结构式 structural formula聚合反应 po1ymerization可逆反应 reversible reaction空气污染指数 air pollution index勒夏特列原理 Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应 ionic reaction离子方程式 ionic equation离子键 ionic bond锂电池 lithium cell两性氢氧化物 amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物 amphoteric oxide裂化 cracking裂解 pyrolysis硫氰化钾 potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠 sodium sulphide氯化铵 ammonium chloride氯化钡 barium chloride氯化钾 potassium chloride氯化铝 aluminium chloride氯化镁 magnesium chloride氯化氢 hydrogen chloride氯化铁 iron (III) chloride氯水 chlorine water麦芽糖 maltose煤 coal酶 enzyme摩尔 mole摩尔质量 molar mass品红 magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖 glucose气体摩尔体积 molar volume of gas铅蓄电池 lead storage battery强电解质 strong electrolyte氢氟酸 hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝 aluminium hydroxide取代反应 substitution reaction醛 aldehyde炔烃 alkyne燃料电池 fuel cell弱电解质 weak electrolyte石油 Petroleum水解反应 hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride塑料 plastic塑料的降解 plastic degradation塑料的老化 plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定 acid-base neutralization titration酸雨 acid rain羧酸 carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B 烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银 silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水 bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析 salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂 oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇 ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸 ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯 ethylene银镜反应 silver mirror reaction硬脂酸 stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期 period族 group(主族:main group)Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的Actinium(Ac) 锕Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lanthanum(La) 镧Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆1. The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体:对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms 反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis 均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列·沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalystsi. 体积,压力,温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵(标准熵)30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s(p,d,f)轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素,原子数,质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名,组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族(硼,铝,镓,铟,铊)135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族(碳,硅,锗,锡,铅)137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨,一氧化碳,二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸,碳酸盐,碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid,Silicates 硅酸,硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族(磷,砷,锑,铋)142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨,硝酸,磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐,卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素(氧,硫,硒,碲)145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧,过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素(氟,氯,溴,碘)148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物,氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁,铜,锌,汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差(RSD)189. coefficient variation 变异系数(CV)190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero level零水准218. buffer solution缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量(OC)254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD)255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance 透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shift 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。
有机化学中常见名词中英文对照
学疏专业班级有机化学中常见名词中英文对照英中对照abietic acid (松香酸)acetal (缩醛)acid anhydride(酸Sf)A. Couper (古柏尔)acridine (卩丫唏)acronycine (山油柑碱)acidylating reaction(酰化反应)acyl group (酰基)acyl halide (酰卤)adenine (腺嚓吟)adrenal cortex hormone (肾上腺皮质激素)A. Kekule (开库勒)alanine (丙氨酸)alcoholysis (醇解)aldehyde (醛)alicyclic hydrocarbon(脂环炷)alizarin(茜草素)alizarin-type (茜素型)alkane (烷桂)alkene (烯桂)alkylation (傅-克烷基化反应)alkyne (烘炷)aloeemodin (芦荟大黃素)amines (胺类)amide (酰胺)amidino (腺基)amino acid (氨基酸)-aminobutyric acid (-氨基丁酸)ammonolysis (氨解)andiron formula (锯架式)andrographo 1 ide (穿心莲内酯)anisodine (樟柳碱)annulene (轮烯)anomer (异头物)anomeric effect (异头效应)anthocyanidin (花色素)anthraquinone (蔥醍)anthrol (蔥酚)anthrone (蔥酮)anthracene (蔥)anti aromaticity or anti aromatic compound (反芳香性化合物)apigenin (芹菜素)apple polyphenols (苹果多酚)aromatic compound (芳香性化合物)aromatic hydrocarbon (芳香绘)aromaticity (芳香性)aromatization (芳构化)arecoline (槟榔碱)arginine (精氨酸)aspartic acid (天冬氨酸)asymmetric carbon atom (手性碳原子)atomic orbital (原子轨道)A. Wurtz reaction (武兹反应)axial bond (直立键,& 键)azul 奥!()Baeyer (拜耳)baicalein (黃苓素)baicalin (黃苓昔)barbital (巴比妥)barbituric acid(巴比妥酸)base complementary (碱基配对)benzoimidazole (苯并咪醴)benzothiazole (苯并唾I坐)学疏专业班级学号benzene (苯)berberine (小漿碱)Berzelius (伯察留史)beta-pleated sheet (-折叠)bi-anthracene nucleus (双蔥核)biological methylate (生物甲基化)biuret reaction(缩二服反应)□ bond (o 键)n bond (兀键)borneol (龙脑)Braun reaction (布朗反应)bridged hydrocarbon (桥环绘)bytrepob (布特力洛夫)camphor (樟脑)cardiac glycosides (强心昔)camptothecine (喜树碱)carotene (胡萝卜素)carthamin (红花昔)carbene (卡宾;碳烯)carbohydrate (碳水化合物)carbonyl 俄基)carboxyl (竣基)carboxylic acid(竣酸)cassiamine (山扁豆双醍)catechin (儿茶素)cellobiose (纤维二糖)cellulose (纤维素)cephalin(脑磷脂)chain carbon constitution (链状碳架)chain initiation step (链引发阶段)chain propagation step (链增长阶段)chain termination step (链终止阶段)chaicone (查尔酮)charge-transfer complex (电荷转移络合物)chemical bond (化学键)chemocholic acid(鹅去氧胆酸)chirality (手性)chitin (甲壳质)chitosamine (壳糖胺)chlorophyll (叶绿素)cholalic acid (胆笛酸)cholestane (胆縉烷)cholesterol (胆笛醇)chromatography (色谱法)chrysophanol 9-anthrone (9-蔥酮大黃酚)chrysarobin (柯械素)cinchonine (金鸡宁)cis-trans isomer (顺反异构体)cistrans isomerism (顺反异构)citral (柠檬醛)Claisen rearrangement (克莱森重排)Claisen-Schmidt reaction (克莱森一斯密特反应)cocaine (古柯碱)codonopsine (党参碱)concerted reaction (协同反应)condensed nuclei hydrocarbon (稠环坯)conformation (构象)conformational isomerism (构象异构)coniine (毒芹碱)conjugated diene (共辘二烯桂)conjugation system (共轨体系)conjugative effect (共轨效应)conservation of orbital symmetry (分子轨道对称性守恒理论)constitutional isomerism (构造异构)coprostane (粪笛烷)学疏专业班级学号cortisone (可的松)crown ether (冠瞇)cumulative diene (聚集二烯婭)curcumenol (莪术醇)cyanidin (矢车菊素)cyclic carbon constitution (环状碳架)cycloaddition recation (环力口成反应)cycloalkane (脂环桂)cyclodextrin (环糊精)cysteine (半胱氨酸)daidzein (大豆黃素)Darzens reaction(达尔森反应)decarboxylation (脱竣反应)delocaization(离域)delocalization energy(离域能)delocalized electron (离域电子)delocalized energy(离域能)delphinidin(飞燕草素)denature (变性)deoxyribonuc 1 eic acid(脱氧核糖核酸)derivative of carboxylic acid (竣酸衍生物)diastereoisomer (非对映体)学疏专业班级学号diazonium salt (重氮盐)chborane (乙硼烷)dichlorocarbene (•二氯卡宾)P -dichroine ( P -常山碱)Diels一Alder reaction (狄尔斯一阿尔德反应)diene (双烯体,二烯婭)dienophile (亲双烯体)dihydrochalcone (.:氢查尔酮)B —dihydrotheelin ( B —雌二醇)distillation (蒸镭法)diterpenoids (二?£类)effective atomic number (有效原子序数)E.J. Cory—H. House reaction (科瑞一郝思反应)electric field scan (电场扫描)18-electron rule (18 电子规则)electromeric effect (电性效应)electrophilic addition (亲电加成反应)electrophilic substitution (亲电取代)electrophile (亲电性试剂)elimination reaction (消除反应)Emde degradation (埃姆徳降解)1- emetine(1-吐根碱)emodin-type (大黄素型)enantiomerism (对映异构)enantiomer (对映体)end—group effect (端基效应)entgegen (E,相反之意)energy of activation (活化能)enzyme (酶)ephedrine (麻黃碱)epicatechin (表儿茶素)epicatechin gallate(表儿茶素没食子酸酯)epigallocatechin (表没食子儿茶素)epigallocatechin gallate (表没食子儿茶素,没食子酸酯)epimer (差向异构体)epoxidation (环氧化反应)equatorial bond(平伏键,e 键)ergometrine (麦角新碱)ergostenol (麦角笛醇)essential amino acid (必需氨基酸)essential fatty acid(必需脂肪酸)ester (酯)ester辻ication(酯化反应)farnesol (金合欢醇)fatty acid(脂肪酸)Fischer projection formula(费歇尔投影式)flavanol(黃烷醇)flavanone (_.氢黄酮)flavanonol (二氢黃酮醇)flavonoid (黃酮)flavonol (黄酮醇)f ormal in (福尔马林)free radical (自由基)free radical chain reaction (自山基链反应)Freon (氟利昂)Friedel-Crafts reaction (傅瑞德尔一克拉夫兹反应)Frohde reageProhde 试剂)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)fructose (果糖)fucose (海藻糖)furan (咲喃)fused ring carbon constitution (稠环碳架)F.Wohler (武勒)galactose (半乳糖)Gabreil reaction (盖布瑞尔合成法)gallocatechin (没食子儿茶素)gallocatechin gallate (没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯)Ga11ermann-Koch reaction (盖特曼一科希反应)geometricalisomer (儿何异构体)germacrone (杜鹃酮)glucose (葡萄糖)glutamic acid (谷氨酸)glutamine (谷酰胺)glycerol (甘油)glycocholic acid (甘氨胆酸)glycogen (糖原)glycoside (糖昔)glycyrrhizic acid (甘草酸)g 1 y c yr rhe t i n i c ac i d (甘草次酸)Gmelin (哥美林)green tea polyphenols (绿茶多酚)Grignard Reaction (格氏反应)Grignard Reagent (格林那试剂,格氏试剂)G.Schiemann reac tion (希曼反应)guaiazulene (愈创木奥)guanidine (K)guan i di no ()1瓜基)guanine (鸟卩票吟)guanyl (眯基)haloform (卤仿)halogenation (卤代反应)halogenation reaction (卤化反应)Haworth (哈沃斯)heat of hydrogenation (氢化热)学疏专业班级学号heat of reaction (反应热)hemiacetal (半缩醛)hesperetin (橙皮素)Hinsberg reaction (兴斯堡反应)histidine (组氨酸)H.Kolbe (科尔贝)Hoffmann degradation (霍夫曼降解反应)Hoffmann elimination (霍夫曼消除)Hoffmann exhaustive methylation (霍夫曼彻底屮基化反应)HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecnlar Orbital,最高被占用分子轨道)homolog (同系物)homologous series (同系列)hormone (激素)HUckel rule (休克尔规则)hybrid orbital (杂化轨道)hydroboration (硼氢化反应)hydrocortisone (氢化可的松)hydrogen bond (氢键)hydrolysis (水解)hyoscyamine (產若碱)hyper con jugat i on effect (超共辄效应)imidazole (咪醴)inclusion compound (包含物)indole (口引嗥)inductive effect (诱导效应)infrared spectroscopy (红夕卜光谱)insulin (胰岛素)invert sugar (转化糖)iodine number (碘值)tectoridin (莺尾学疏专业班级学号昔)isoelectric point (PI,等电点)isoflavanone (〔氢异黃酮)isoflavone (异黄酮)isolated diene (隔离:烯桂)isoleucine (异亮氨酸)isoliquiri tigenin(异甘草素)isomer (同分异构体)isoquinoline (异卩奎卩林)isorhamnetin (异鼠李素)isorhynchophylline (异钩藤碱)isothiazole (异嚏醴)isoxazole (异噁醴)Jones reagent (琼斯试剂)ketal (缩酮)ketone (酮)K. fries rearrangement (傅瑞斯重排)K. Fukui (福井谦一)Knoevenagel reaction (克脑文盖尔反应)Kolbe-Schmidt reaction (柯尔柏-施密特反应)Kutchcrov reaction (库切洛夫反应)lactose (乳糖)lecithin(卵磷脂)leptosidin (莱普西汀)leucine (壳氨酸)leucocyanidin (无色矢车菊素)limonene (苧烯)Lindlar (林德拉)liquiritin (甘草昔)lithium methide (甲基锂)lobeline (山梗菜碱)Lucas reagent (卢卡斯试剂)LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbita 1)最低空余分子轨道lupinine (羽扇豆碱)lycopene (番茄红素)lycopodine (石松碱)lysine (赖氨酸)maackiain (高丽槐素)Macquis reagent (Macquis 试剂)macrophylline (大叶千里光碱)magnesium acetate reaction (酉昔酸镁反应)magnetic field scan (磁场扫描)malonyl urea(丙二酰SR)maltose (麦芽糖)Mannich reaction (满尼希反应)mannose (甘露糖)mass spectroscopy (质谱)matrine (苦参碱)M. Besthelot (佰赛儒)Mclafferty (麦可拉费蒂重排)(-)-melacacidin [(-)黑金合欢素]menthol (薄荷醇)学疏专业班级学号()-menthol [()-薄荷醇]menthone (薄荷酮)mesomer (内消旋体)methionine (蛋氨酸)methylporgestin (屮孕酮)provera (¥ 孕酮)methyl testosterone (屮基睾丸素)molecular orbital (分子轨道)molecular orbital theory (分子轨道理论)monoanthracene nucleus (单蔥核)monocrotaline (一野白合碱)monomer (单体)monoterpenoids (单菇)monosaccharide (单糖)morphine (吗啡)mutarotation (变旋光现象)naphthalene (荼)narcotine (那可汀)natrium amalgam reaction (钠汞齐反应)()-neomenthol [()-新薄荷醇]nerol (橙花醇)Newman projection (纽曼投影式)Newman projection formula(纽曼投影式)Nicol prism(尼科尔棱镜)nicotine (烟碱)ninhydrin (E 卩三酮)nitration (硝化反应)nitro compound (硝基化合物)nonaromatic compound (非芳香性化合物)nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon (非苯芳绘)nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (核磁共振谱)nucleic acid(核酸)nucleophilic addition(亲核加成反应)nucleophilic reagent (亲核试剂)nucleoside (核昔)nucleotide (核昔酸)ocimene (罗勒烯)oligosaccharide (寡糖)frontier orbital (前线轨道理论)Oppenaner oxidizing reaction (欧芬脑尔氧化)optical isomer (旋光异构体)optical rotation instrument (旋光仪)organometallic compound (有机金属化合物)organometallics (金属有机化合物)orientation rule (定位规则)oxanthrano 1 (氧化恿酚)oxazole (噁醴)oxidation number (氧化值)oxidation state (氧化态)oxonium salt 盐)oxymatrine (氧化苦参碱)palmatine (巴马汀)papaverine (罂粟碱)paraffin (烷桂)pelargonidin (天竺葵素)peptide (肽)peptide bond (肽键)peptide linkage(肽键)pericyclic reaction (周环反应)Perkin reaction (柏金反应)permeation (透析法)peroxide (过氧化物)peroxide effect (过氧化物效应)phellamurin (黃柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔)phenanthrene (菲)phenylalanine (苯丙氨酸)phosphorus ylide (麟叶立徳)phylloxanthin (叶黄素)physostigmine (毒扁豆碱)pinacol (频哪醇)pinene (菰烯)piperine (胡椒碱)plane polarized light (平面偏振光)polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (多环芳绘)polymer (聚合物)polynuclear aromatic compound (稠环芳绘)polypeptide (多肽)polyreaction (聚合反应)polysaccharide (多糖)polytetrafluroethyleney (泰氟隆)unsaturated fatty acid(不饱和脂肪酸)precipitation (沉淀法)primary structure (一级结构)proanthocyanidin (原花色素)progesterone (黃体酮)protein (蛋白质)pseudoephedrine (伪麻黄碱)pteridine (蝶唳)purine (卩票吟)pyran (毗喃)pyrazine (毗嗪)pyrazole (毗醴)pyridazine (哒嗪)pyridine (毗唏)pyrimidine (喘唳)pyrrole (毗咯)quaternary structure (四级结构)quercetin (榆I皮素)quinine (奎宁)quinoline (卩奎咻)quinones (醍)racemic mixture (外消旋体)racemization (外消旋化)rancidity (酸败)Raney Ni (兰尼線)reaction mechanism (反应历程)Reimer-Tiemann react ion (瑞穆尔一蒂曼反应)reserpine (利血平)residue (残基)resonance energy (共振能)resonance hybrid (共振杂化体)resonance theory (共振论)resonating structure (共振结构式)resveratrol (白藜芦醇)R. B. Woodward (伍徳沃德)rhe in (大黄酸)R. Hoffmann (霍夫曼)rhynchophylline (钩藤碱)ribonucleic acid(核糖核酸)ribose (核糖)rotation (旋光度)rutin (芦丁)saccharide (糖类)Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction (桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应)Sandmeyer reaction (桑得迈尔反应)saponification (皂化)saponification number (皂化值)Sarrett reagent (沙瑞特试剂)Sawhares projection (萨哈斯投影式)sawhorse projection formula(锯架式)Schiff* s base(西佛碱)secondary structure (二级结构)securinine (一叶萩碱)sennoside A、B、C、D (番泻昔A、B、C、D) serine(丝氨酸)sesquiterpenoids (倍半SS)sigmatropic reaction ( o 键迁移反应)silane (硅烷)single bond(单键)sinoacutine (清风藤碱)B—sitosterol (B一谷縉醇)skyrin (天精,酉昆茜素)S x(NucleophMie substitution)(亲核取代)S X1 (单分子亲核取代反应)S、・2 (双分子亲核取代反sodium borohydride reaction (四氢硼钠反应)sparteine (金雀花碱)specific rotation (比旋光度)sphingomyelin (鞘磷脂)spiro hydrocarbon (螺环坯)squalene (鲨烯)stachydrine (水苏碱)starch (淀粉)stereochemistry (立体化学)stereoisomer (立体异构)stereocpecificity (立体专一性)steroidal compound (笛体化合物)Stevens rearrangement (史蒂文斯重排)stigmastane (豆當烷)strychnine (士的F)sucrose (蔗糖)sulfonation (磺化反应)systematic nomenclature (系统命需法)taurocholic acid (牛磺胆酸)tautomer (互变异构体)tautomerism (互变异构现象)taxifolin (黄杉素)tea polyphenols (茶多酚)Teflon (泰氟隆)terpenoid (祜类化合物)tertiary structure (三级结构)testosterone (睾丸素)tetrahydropalmatine (延胡索乙素,四氢巴马汀)tetramethyl silane (四甲基硅烷)tetraterpenoid (四菇类)thiazole (噬醴)thiophene (卩塞吩)threonine (苏氨酸)torsional energy (扭转能)torsional strain (扭转张力)transition sate (过渡态)triglyceride (甘油三酯)trimethyl aluminium (三屮基铝)triptolide (雷公藤甲素)triterpenoid (三菇类)tryptophan (色氨酸)tylophorinine (娃儿藤定碱)tyrosine (酪氨酸)uridine (尿喀唏)urea (服)urotropine (乌洛托品)valence bond method (价键学说)valine (織氨酸)visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy (可见一紫外光谱)vitamin A(维生素A)vitamin B-(维生素BQWilkinson (威尔克森)Williamson synthesis (威廉森合成法)Wittig reaction (维蒂希反应)zingiberene (姜烯)Zusammen (Z,德文,在一起之意)中英对照A.J 反应历程(A J reaction mechanism )卩丫唳(acridine)埃姆德降解(Emde degradation)安息香缩合反应(benzoic condensation reaction) 氨基酸(amino acid)-氨基J 酸(-aminobutyric acid)氨解(ammonolysis)胺(amines)(azulene)B AC2反应历程(B AC2 reaction mechanism )巴比妥(barbital)巴马汀(palmatine)白藜芦醇(resveratrol)拜耳(Baeyer)佰赛儒(M. Besthelot)半缩醛(semiacetal )半胱氨酸(cysteine)半乳糖(galactose)包含物(inclusion compound)苯丙氨酸(phenylalanine)苯(benzene)苯甲酸(benzoic acid)班级学院苯二中酸(benzene dicarboxylic acid)苯并咪醴(benzimidazole)苯并U塞醴(benzothiazole)倍半?E (sesqui terpenoid)比旋光度(specific rotation)必需氨基酸(essential amino acid)变性(denature)变旋光现象(mutarotation)表儿茶素(epicatechin)表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate)表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin)表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate) 表面活性剂(surface active agent )槟榔碱(arecoline)丙氨酸(alanine)丙氨酸乙硫酯(ethyl alanine sulfide)丙二酰服(malonyl urea)伯察留史(Berzelius)柏金(Perkin)反应薄荷醇(menthol)()一薄荷醇(()一menthol)薄荷酮(menthone)布特力洛夫(Bytrepob)布朗反应(Braun reaction)残基(residue)草酸(oxalic acid)超共辘效应(hyperconjugation effect)差向异构体(epimer)查尔酮(chaicone)茶多酚(tea polyphenols)B -常山碱(B -dichroine)沉淀法(precipitation)橙皮素(hesperetin)橙花醇(nerol)稠环芳坯(polynuclear aromatic compound) 稠环碳架(fused ring carbon constitution) 醇钠(sodium alcohols)醇解(alcoholysis)穿心莲内酯(andrographo 1 i de)磁场扫描(magnetic field scan)B —雌二醇(B —dihydrotheelin)酉昔酸镁反应(magnesium acetate reaction ) 萃取法(extraction) DDQ (2, 3—二氯一5, 6—氛基一1, 4 —苯酉昆)大黃素型(emodin-type)大黄酸(rhein)大豆黄素(daidzein)大叶千里光碱(macrophyll ine)达尔森(Darzen)反应哒嗪(pyridazine)单键(single bond)单体(monomer)单蔥核(monoanthracene nucleus)单菇(monot erpeno i ds)单糖(monosaccha:ride)单线态(singlet)蛋氨酸(methionine)蛋白质(protein)胆當烷(cholestane)胆笛醇(cholesterol)胆笛酸(cholalic acid) 胆笛烷(cholestane) 胆笛醇(cholesterol)党参碱(codonopsine)等电点(isoelectric point , PI) 迪克曼反应(Dieckmann reaction ) 狄尔斯一阿尔德(Diels-Alher) 电场扫描(electric field scan) 电性效应(electromeric effect) 电荷转移络合物(charge-transfer complex) 碘仿试验(iodoform test) 碘值(iodine number )淀粉(starch)敌敌畏(dichlorovos)蝶唳(pteridine)丁烯二酸(butene dioic acid) 定位规则(orient at iong rule) 动力学概念(dynamical concept) 豆笛烷(stigmastane) 毒芹碱(coniine) 毒扁豆碱(physostigmine) 杜鹃酮(germacrone) 端基效应(end—group effect) 对映异构(enantiomerism) 对映体(enantiomers) 对氨基苯磺酰胺(sulfanilamide) 多环芳桂(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon)多糖(polysaccharide)多肽(polypeptide)多磷酸酯(polyphosphate ester)E (entgegen,德文,相反之意)EAN 规则(EAN rule)莪术醇(curcumenol)鹅去氧胆酸(chemocholic acid)噁醴(oxazole)蔥(anthracene)蔥酚(anthrol)蔥I® (anthraquinones)蔥酮(anthrone)9-蔥酮大黃酚(chrysophanol 9-anthrone)儿茶素(catechin)〔烯桂(diene)〔氯卡宾(dichlorocarbene)—.屮亚飒(dimethyl sulfoxide)—•硫基丙醇(dimercaptopropanol ):级结构(secondary structure):氢黃酮(flavanone)—.氢黃酮醇(flavanonol)"•氢异黄酮(isoflavanone)二氢查尔酮(dihydrochalcone)二桔类(diterpenoids)番泻昔A、B、C、D(sennoside A、B、C、D) 番茄红素(lycopene)反芳香性化合物(antiaromatic compound)反应历程(reaction mechanism)反应热(heat of reaction)芳香绘(aromatic hydrocarbon)芳香性(aromaticity)芳香性化合物(aroniatic compound)芳构化(aromatization)放氮反应(denitr辻ication)E 燕草素(delphinidin)非芳香性化合物(nonaromatic compound)非离子表面活性剂(nonionic)非对映体(diasteroisomer)非质子性溶剂(nonprotonic solvent )非苯芳坯(nonbenzenoid hydrocarbon)菲(phenanthrene)斐林溶液(Fehting solution )费歇尔(E. Fischer)费歇尔投影式(Fischer projection formula)分子轨道(molecular orbital)分子轨道对称性守恒理论(conservation of orbital symmetry theory)分子轨道理论(molecular orbital theory)酚节明(Phenoxybenzamine)芬克尔斯坦(Finkelstein)芬氟拉明(fenfluramine)粪笛烷(coprostane)氟芬那酸(flufenamic Acid)福井谦一(K. Fukui)傅-克反应(Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction)傅瑞斯重排(K. fries rearrangement)傅瑞德-克拉天茨反应(Friedel-Crafts reaction)辅酶Qw( coenzyme Q10)咲喃(furan)盖布瑞尔合成法(Gabreil reaction)盖特曼一科希(Gattermann-Koch)反应甘露糖(mannose)甘氨酸(glycine)甘油(glycerol)甘氨胆酸(glycocholic acid)甘草酸(glycyrrhizic acid)甘草次酸(glycyrrhetinic acid)甘草昔(liquiritin)高丽槐素(maackiain)睾丸素(testosterone)隔离—.烯桂(isolated diene) 格林那试剂(Grignard reagent) 哥美林(Gmelin)共振能(resonance energy)共振论(resonance theory) 共振杂化体(resonance hybrid) 共振结构式(resonating structure) 共轨效应(conjugative effect) 共辄体系(conjugation system) 共辄二烯烧(conjugated diene) 构象(conformation)构象异构(conformational isomerism) 构造异构(constitutional isomerism) 构型保持(configuration conservation) 构型转化(configuration inversion) 钩藤碱(rhynchophyll ine)B —谷笛醇(B —sitosterol)谷氨酸(glutamic acid)谷酰胺(glutamine)古柏尔(A. Couper)古柯碱(cocaine)M(guanidine )寡糖(o 1 igasaccharide)冠瞇(crown ether)光学异构体(optical isomer)硅烷(silane)硅油(silicon oil)过氧化物(peroxide)过氧化物效应(peroxide effect)过渡态(transition state)果糖(fructose)哈沃斯(Haworth)海藻糖(fucose)核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) 核昔酸(nucleotide)核甘(nucleoside)核酸(nucleic acid)核糖(ribose)(~) -黑金合欢素[(-)melacacidin)]红古豆碱(cuskohygrine)红花昔(carthamin)红夕卜光谱(infrared spectroscopy)互变异构现象(tautomerism)互变异构体(tautomer)胡萝卜素(carotene)胡椒碱(piperine)榊皮素(quercetin)化学键(chemical bond)花色素(anthocyanidin)环坯(cyclic hydrocarbon)环氧化反应(epoxidation)环力口成反应(cycloaddition recation)环状碳架(cyclic carbon constitution)环己—•酮(cyclic hexanedione)环糊精(cyclodextrin)a , B —环氧酸酯(a , B —cycloxacid ester)黄柏素-7-0-葡萄糖昔(phellamurin)黄苓素(baicalein)黄苓昔(baicalin)黃杉素(tax辻olin)黄酮(flavonoid)黃酮醇(flavonol)黃烷醇(flavanol)黃体酮(progesterone)磺胺(sulfan 订amide)磺化反应(sulfonation)活化能(energy of activation)霍夫曼(R. Hofmann)霍夫曼降解反应(Hoffmann degradation)霍夫曼消除(Hoffmann elimination)霍夫曼彻底甲基化反应(Hoffmann exhaustive methylation) 儿何异构体(geometrical isomer)己二胺(hexanediamine)(quaternary ammonium salt)W (quaternnary ammonium hydrate )季丿憐盐(quaternary phosphonium salt )激素(hormone)中孕酮(methporgestin)屮基睾丸素(methyl testosterone)屮基锂(lithium methide)甲壳质(chitin)价键学说(valence bond method)假酸式(pseudo-acid form )O 键(o bond)o 键迁移反应(sigma tropic reaction)兀键(Ji bond)碱基配对规律(base pairing rule)姜烯(zingiberene)胶束(micelle)交义醇醛缩合反应(crossed aldol reaction)金合欢醇(farnesol)金属有机化合物(metalloorganic compound)金雀花碱(sparteine)金鸡宇(cinchonine)金刚烷胺(symmetrel)紧密离子对(tightness ionpair )精氨酸(arginine)竞争反应(competing reaction )聚合物(polymer)聚合反应(polyreaction)聚集二烯桂(cumulative diene)锯架式(andiron formula ; sawhorse projection formula) 卡宾(碳烯)(Carbene)开息纳尔一武尔夫(Kishner-WoIff)—黃鸣龙法凯库勒(A. Kekule) 康尼查罗(Cannizzaro )反应科尔贝(H・Kolbe)科瑞一郝思反应(E.J.Cory—H. House reaction) 可的松(cortisone) 可见一紫外光谱(visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy)克莱森一斯密特(Claisen-Schmidt)反应克脑文盖尔(Knoevenagel)反应克莱门森(Clemmensen)还原反应克莱森重排(Claisen rearrangement)克莱森缩合反应(Claisen condensation reaction ) 柯尔柏-施密特反应(Kolbe-schmidt reaction) 柯亚素(chrysarobin)壳糖胺(chitos&mine)苦参碱(matrine)库切洛夫反应(Kutchcrov reaction)奎宇(quinine)卩奎卩林(quinoline)酉昆(quinones)醍氢酿(quinhydrone)莱普西汀(leptosidin)赖氨酸(lysine)兰尼银(Raney Ni )奁君碱(hyoscyamine)雷公藤屮素(triptolide)利血平(reserpine)立体选择性(stereoselective)立体专一性(stereospecific)立体异构(stereoisomer)离域(delocalization)离域能(delocalization energy ;delocalized energy) 离域电子(delocalized electron)离去基团(leaving group )链引发阶段(chain initiation step)链增长阶段(chain propagation step)链终止阶段(chain termination step) 链状碳架(chain carbon constitution) 亮氨酸(leucine)林德拉(Lindlar)麟叶立德(phosphorus ylide)0葬(phosphureted hydrogen)錢盐(phosphorate)麟酸(phosphonic acid )硫W(thiourea )硫醇(thioalcohol )硫® (thioether )硫酚(phenylsulfhydryl )留氮反应(reaction of nitrogen retention)龙脑(borneol)卤代反应(halogenation)卤仿(haloform)卤仿反应(haloform reaction )卢卡斯试剂(Lucas reagent)芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)芦丁(rutin)ci —卵磷脂(ci —lecithine )轮烯(annulene)酪氨酸(tyrosine)罗勒烯(ocimene)罗森孟德(Rosenmund)还原法螺环绘(spiro hydrocarbon)班级学院氯乙酸屮酯(methyl chloroacetate) (chloro acetyl formate) 绿茶多酚(green tea polyphenols)马尔可夫尼可夫(Markovnikov)规则麻黄碱(ephedrine)吗啡(morphine)麦可拉费蒂(Mclafferty)麦芽糖(maltose)麦角笛醇(ergostenol)麦角新碱(ergometrine)麦克尔加成(Michael addition)满尼希(Mannich)反应梅尔外英一彭多夫(Meerwein-Poundorf)还原反应酶(enzyme)没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin)没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate)眯基(amidino)喘唳(pyrimidine)咪卩坐(imidazole)那可汀(narcotine)钠汞齐反应(natrium amalgam reaction)蔡(naphthalene)脑磷脂(cephalin)内消旋体(meso —form)尼科尔棱镜(Nicol prism)服(尿素)(urea)鸟嚓吟(guanine)尿喘唳(uracil)柠檬醛(citral)苧烯(limonene)牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid)纽曼投影式(Newmans projection formular)扭转能(torsional energy)扭转张力(torsional strain)欧芬脑尔氧化反应(Oppenaner oxidizing reaction) 偶氮基(azo) 偶合(偶联)反应(coupling reaction)偶合组分(或偶合剂)(coupling agent )偶极-离子键(dipolar-ionic bond )浪烯(pinene)硼氢化反应(hydroboration)硼氢化钠("BHJ毗哆醛(pyridoxal)毗咯(pyrrole)毗喃(pyran)毗嗪(pyrazine)毗醴(pyrazole)毗唳(pyridine)嚓吟(purine)频哪醇(pinacol)平面偏振光(plane polarized light)平伏键(e 键,equatorial bonds)苹果多酚(apple polyphenols)普鲁卡因(procaine )葡萄糖(glucose)歧化反应(disproportionation reaction )前列腺素(prostaglandin)前线轨道(frontier orbital)理论茜草素(alizarin)茜素型(alizarin-type)强心昔(cardiac glycosides)疑月亏酸(hydroximic acid )B —羟基醛(B —hydroxy aldehyde )桥环绘(bridged hydrocarbon)鞘磷脂(sphingomyelinicacid)亲电性试剂(electrophile)亲电加成反应(electrophilic addition)亲电取代(electrophilic substitution)亲核试剂(nucleophilic reagent)亲核加成反应(nucleoph订ic addition)亲核取代(nucleophilic substitution)亲核取代反应历程(nucleophilic substitution reavtion mechanism) 亲双烯体(dienophile)芹菜素(apigenin)氢解(hydrogenolysis)氢化苯基锡(hydrogenation benztin)氢化正丁基锡(hydrogenation butyltin )氢化油(hydrogenated oil )氢化可的松(hydrocort i sone)氢化热(heat of hydrogenation)氢屮酰化法(hydroformylation)氢键(hydrogen bond)清风藤碱(sinoacutine)琼斯试剂(Jones reagent)块桂(alkyne)热力学概念(thermodynamic conception )溶剂化效应(solvating effect)乳糖(lactose)瑞穆尔-蒂曼反应(Reamer-Timann reaction)萨哈斯投影式(Sawhares projection)卩塞吩(thiophene)嚏醴(thiazole)三菇(triterpenoids)三屮基铝(trimethyl aluminium)三级结构(tertiary structure)三线态(triplet state)三苯基麟(triphenyl phosphine)三磷酸腺昔(adenosine triphosphate)桑得迈尔反应(Sandmeyer reaction)桑得迈尔一盖特曼反应(Sandmeyer-Gattermann reaction) 色氨酸(tryptophan)色谱法(chromatography)沙瑞特试剂(Sarrett reagent)鲨烯(squalene)山油柑碱(acronyc ine)山扁豆双覘(cassiamine)山梗菜碱(lobeline)肾上腺皮质激素(adrenal cortex hormone)生物甲基化(biological methylate)18 电子规则(18- electron rule)史蒂文斯重排(Stevens rearrangement)石松碱(lycopodine)士的F (strychnine)矢车菊素(cyanidin)手性(chirality)水苏碱(stachydrine)双蔥核(bi-anthracene nucleus)双烯体(diene)J顺反异构(cistrans isomerism)顺反异构体(cis-trans isomer)四氢巴马汀(tetrahydropalmatine)四级结构(quaternary structure)四氢硼钠反应(sodium borohydride reaction) 四菇(quadruterpene)四屮基硅烷(tetramethylsilane)丝氨酸(serine)松香酸(abietic acid)苏氨酸(threonine)酸败(rancidity )缩醛(acetal)缩二腺反应(biuret reaction)肽(peptide)肽键(peptide bond)碳水化合物(carbohydrate)碳酰氯(carbonyl chloride :phosgene )糖类(saccharide)糖昔(glycoside)糖原(glycogen)天冬氨酸(aspartic acid)天精(skyrin)天竺葵素(pelargonidin)SE 类化合物(terpenoids)同系列(homologous series)同系物(homolog)同分异构体(isomer)酮(ketone)透析法(permeation)1- 吐根碱(1-emetine)脱竣反应(decarboxylic reaction)娃儿藤定碱(tylophorinine)瓦尔登转化(Walden inversion)外消旋体(racemic mixture)外消旋化(racemization)烷绘(alkane)维生素A (vitamin A)维生素By (vitamin B1:)维生素Ki、K: (vitamin K】、K2 )维蒂希反应(Wittig reaction)伪麻黃碱(pseudoephedrine)威尔克森(wilkinson)威廉森合成法(W订liamson synthesis)武勒(F. Wohler)无色矢车菊素(leucocyanidin)伍德沃德(R. B. Woodward)武兹反应(A. Wurtz reaction)烯怪(alkene)系统命名法(systematic nomenclature)西佛碱(Schiff ' s base)希夫(schiff)试剂吸电子共轨效应(electronwithdrawing conjugative effect) 喜树碱(camptothecine)西佛碱(schiff base)希曼反应(G・ Schiemann reaction)纤维二糖(cellobiose)纤维素(cellulose)腺U票吟(adenine)硝化反应(nitration)消除反应(elimination reaction)小漿碱(berberine)硝基化合物(nitro compounds)协同反应(concerted reaction)織氨酸(valine)()—新薄荷醇[()—neomentholJ兴斯堡反应(Hinsberg reaction)胸腺唏唳(thymine) 12-15休克尔规则(HUckel rule)比旋光度(specific rotatory power)旋光仪(optical rotation instrument)旋光异构体(optical isomer)血红素(haemachrome )亚硝酸(nitrous acid)烟碱(nicotine)延胡索乙素(tetrahydropalmatine)盐酸-镁粉反应(HCl-Mg powder reaction)盐酸-锌粉反应(HCl-Zn powder reaction)徉. 盐(oxonium salt)氧化苦参碱(oxymatrine)氧化蔥酚(oxanthranol)氧化态(oxidation state)氧化值(oxidation number)阳离子表面活性剂(cationic surface active agent)叶黄素(phylloxanthin)叶绿素(chlorophyll)一叶萩碱(securinine)—野白合碱(monocrotaline)一级结构(primary structure)乙硼烷(diborane)1 —乙烘基环戊醇(1 —ethynyl cyclopentanol )乙二胺(ethylene diamine)乙烯酮(ethenone ; ketene )乙酸(acetic acid)乙二酸(ethanedioic acid )异kT草素(isoliquiritigenin)异黄酮(isoflavone)异鼠李素(isorhamnetin)异钩藤碱(i s orhynchophy lline)异亮氨酸(isoleucine)异头物(anomer)异头效应(anomeric effect)异噁醴(isoxazole)异嚏醴(isothiazole)异月青(月卡)(isonitrile)异唾咻(isoquinoline)胰岛素(insulin)阴离子表面活性剂(anionic surface active agent)即三酮(ninhydrin )“引口朵(indole)罂粟碱(papaverine)油脂(axunge; grease; lipin;)有效原子序数(effective atomic number)有机金属化合物(organometallic compound)有机锂(organic-Li) (organic lithium ) (organolithium compound) 诱导效应(inductive effect)羽扇豆碱(lupinine)愈创木奥(guaiazulene)原花色素(proanthocyanidin)莺尾昔(iridin)原子轨道(atomic orbital)Z (Zusammen,德文,在一起之意)杂化轨道(hybrid orbital)杂环碳架(heterocycle carbon constitution)笛体化合物(steroidal compound)皂化反应(sapon辻ication reaction)皂化值(s&pon辻ication value)扎依采夫(Saytzeff)规则樟柳碱(anisodine)樟脑(camphor)蔗糖(sucrose)-折叠(beta-pleated sheet)蒸镭法(distillation)质谱(mass spectroscopy)质子性溶剂(protonic solvent)月旨环桂(alicyclic hydrocarbon: cycloalkane) 直立键(a 键,axial bond)重氮化反应(diazotization reaction)重氮盐(diazonium salt)重氮组分(diazocomponent)重氮中烷(diazomethane)周环反应(pericyclic reaction)转化糖(invert sugar)自由基(free radical)自山基链反应(free radical chain reaction)B —紫罗兰酮(P — ionone )组氨酸(histidine)。
化学中英文对照
化学中英文对照1.TheIdeal-GaEquation理想气体状态方程2.PartialPreure分压3.RealGae:DeviationfromIdealBehavior真实气体:对理想气体行为的偏离4.ThevanderWaalEquation范德华方程5.SytemandSurrounding系统与环境6.StateandStateFunction状态与状态函数7.Proce过程8.Phae 相9.TheFirtLawofThermodynamic热力学第一定律10.HeatandWork热与功11.EndothermicandE某othermicProcee吸热与发热过程12.EnthalpieofReaction反应热13.He’Law盖斯定律14.EnthalpieofFormation生成焓15.ReactionRate反应速率16.ReactionOrder反应级数17.RateContant速率常数18.ActivationEnergy活化能19.TheArrheniuEquation阿累尼乌斯方程20.ReactionMechanim反应机理21.HomogeneouCatalyi均相催化剂22.HeterogeneouCatalyi非均相催化剂23.Enzyme酶24.TheEquilibriumContant平衡常数25.theDirectionofReaction反应方向26.LeChatelier’Principle列沙特列原理27.EffectofVolume,Preure,TemperatureChangeandCatalyti.体积,压力,温度变化以及催化剂的影响28.SpontaneouProcee自发过程29.Entropy(StandardEntropy)熵(标准熵)30.TheSecondLawofThermodynamic热力学第二定律31.EntropyChange熵变32.StandardFree-EnergyChange标准自由能变33.Acid-Bae酸碱34.TheDiociationofWater水离解35.TheProtoninWater水合质子36.ThepHScalepH值37.Bronted-LowryAcidandBaeBronted-Lowry酸和碱38.Proton-TranferReaction质子转移反应39.ConjugateAcid-BaePair共轭酸碱对40.RelativeStrengthofAcidandBae酸碱的相对强度41.LewiAcidandBae路易斯酸碱42.HydrolyiofMetalIon金属离子的水解43.BufferSolution缓冲溶液88.MultipleBond重键89.HybridOrbital杂化轨道90.TheVSEPRModel价层电子对互斥理论91.MolecularGeometrie分子空间构型92.MolecularOrbital分子轨道93.DiatomicMolecule双原子分子94.BondLength键长95.BondOrder键级96.BondAngle键角97.BondEnthalpie键能98.BondPolarity键矩99.DipoleMoment偶极矩100.PolarityMolecule极性分子131.Hydro某ide氢氧化物132.Salt盐133.p-BlockElementp区元素134.BoronGroup(Boron,Aluminium,Gallium,Indium,Thallium)硼族(硼,铝,镓,铟,铊)142.Ammonia,NitricAcid,PhophoricAcid氨,硝酸,磷酸143.Phophorate,phophoruHalide磷酸盐,卤化磷144.O某ygenGroup(O某ygen,Sulfur,Selenium,andTellurium)氧族元素(氧,硫,硒,碲)145.Ozone,HydrogenPero某ide臭氧,过氧化氢146.Sulfide硫化物147.Halogen(Fluorine,Chlorine,Bromine,Iodine)卤素(氟,氯,溴,碘)162.analyticalchemitry分析化学163.qualitativeanalyi定性分析164.quantitativeanalyi定量分析165.chemicalanalyi化学分析166.intrumentalanalyi仪器分析167.titrimetry滴定分析168.gravimetricanalyi重量分析法169.regent试剂170.chromatographicanalyi色谱分析171.product 产物172.electrochemicalanalyi电化学分析173.on-lineanalyi在线分析174.macroanalyi常量分析175.characteritic表征176.microanalyi微量分析177.deformationanalyi形态分析178.emimicroanalyi半微量分析179.ytematicalerror系统误差180.routineanalyi常规分析181.randomerror偶然误差182.arbitrationanalyi仲裁分析183.groerror过失误差184.normalditribution正态分布185.accuracy准确度186.deviation偏差187.preciion精密度188.relativetandarddeviation相对标准偏差(RSD)189.coefficientvariation变异系数(CV)190.confidencelevel置信水平191.confidenceinterval置信区间192.ignificanttet 显著性检验193.ignificantfigure有效数字194.tandardolution 标准溶液195.titration滴定196.toichiometricpoint 化学计量点197.endpoint滴定终点198.titrationerror 滴定误差199.primarytandard基准物质200.amountofubtance 物质的量201.tandardization标定202.chemicalreaction化学反应203.concentration浓度204.chemicalequilibrium205.titer滴定度206.generalequationforachemicalreaction化学反应的通式207.protontheoryofacid-bae酸碱质子理论208.acid-baetitration酸碱滴定法209.diociationcontant解离常数210.conjugateacid-baepair共轭酸碱对211.aceticacid乙酸212.hydroniumion水合氢离子213.electrolyte电解质214.ion-productcontantofwater水的离子积215.ionization电离216.protoncondition质子平衡217.zerolevel零水准218.bufferolution219.methylorange甲基橙220.acid-baeindicator酸碱指示剂221.phenolphthalein配位化合物223.centerion中心离子224.cumulativetabilitycontant累积稳定常数225.alphacoefficient酸效应系数226.overalltabilitycontant总稳定常数227.ligand配位体228.ethylenediaminetetraaceticacid 乙二胺四乙酸229.idereactioncoefficient 副反应系数230.coordinationatom配位原子231.coordinationnumber配位数232.lonepairelectron孤对电子螯合物234.metalindicator金属指示剂235.chelatingagent螯合剂236.making掩蔽237.demaking解蔽238.electron电子239.catalyi催化240.o某idation氧化241.catalyt催化剂242.reduction还原243.catalyticreaction催化反应244.reactionrate反应速率245.electrodepotential电极电势246.activationenergy反应的活化能247.redo某couple氧化还原电对248.potaiumpermanganate高锰酸钾249.iodimetry碘量法250.potaiumdichromate重铬酸钾251.cerimetry铈量法252.redo某indicator氧化还原指示253.o某ygenconuming耗氧量(OC)254.chemicalo某ygendemanded化学需氧量(COD)255.diolvedo某ygen溶解氧(DO)256.precipitation银量法258.heterogeneouequilibriumofion多相离子平衡259.aging陈化260.potprecipitation继沉淀261.coprecipitation共沉淀262.ignition灼烧263.fitration过滤264.decantation倾泻法265.chemicalfactor化学因数266.pectrophotometry 分光光度法267.colorimetry比色分析268.tranmittance透光率269.aborptivity吸光率270.calibrationcurve 校正曲线271.tandardcurve标准曲线272.monochromator单色器273.ource光源274.wavelengthdiperion色散275.aborptioncell吸收池276.detector检测系统277.bathochromichift红移278.Molaraborptivity摩尔吸光系数279.hypochromichift紫移280.acetylene乙炔281.ethylene乙烯282.acetylatingagent 乙酰化剂283.aceticacid乙酸295.chemicalhift化学位移296.Waldeninverio瓦尔登反转n297.Enantiomorph对映体298.additionreaction加成反应299.de某tro-右旋300.levo-左旋301.tereochemitry立体化学302.tereoiomer立体异构体303.Lucareagent卢卡斯试剂304.covalentbond共价键305.conjugateddiene共轭二烯烃306.conjugateddoublebond共轭双键307.conjugatedytem共轭体系308.conjugatedeffect共轭效应356.nuclearmagneticreonance核磁共振357.alkene烯烃358.allylcation烯丙基正离子359.leavinggroup离去基团360.opticalactivity旋光性361.boatconfomation船型构象362.ilvermirrorreaction银镜反应363.Ficherprojection菲舍尔投影式364.Kekuletructure凯库勒结构式365.Friedel-Craftreaction傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366.Ketone酮367.carbo某ylicacid羧酸368.carbo某ylicacidderivative羧酸衍生物369.hydroboration 硼氢化反应370.bondoength键长371.bondenergy键能372.bondangle键角373.carbohydrate碳水化合物374.carbocation碳正离子375.carbanion碳负离子376.alcohol醇377.Gofmannrule霍夫曼规则378.Aldehyde醛379.Ether醚380.Polymer聚合物。
化学英语单词汇总
化学英语单词汇总文档编制序号:[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]LESSON 11 NEUTRALIZATION – ACIDS REACT WITH BASES 中和——酸碱反应生词neutralization [,nju:trlai'zein, li'z-] n. [化学] 中和;[化学] 中和作用;中立状态Drano Drano是一个排水管清洁剂的品牌,主要成分是氢氧化钠。
《绯闻女孩》 - You are not using Blair as sexual Drano.lye [lai] n. 碱液 vt. 用碱液洗涤;soda lye:氢氧化钠oven ['vn] n. 炉,灶;烤炉,烤箱Sodium chloridechloride ['kl:raid] n. 氯化物add [d] vi. 加;vinegar ['viniɡ] n. 醋hydrochloric [,haidru'klrik] adj. 氯化氢的,盐酸的chapter ['tpt] n. 章;recognize ['rekɡnaiz] vt. 认出,识别;承认 vi. 确认,承认;具结shortcut [':tkt] n. 捷径;被切短的东西;快捷键-desktop shortcut:桌面快捷方式;桌面捷径beneath [bi'ni:θ]prep. 在…之下 adv. 在下方literally ['litrli] adv. 照字面地;逐字地coefficient [,kui'fint] n. [数] 系数;率;协同因素 adj. 合作的;共同作用的calcium ['klsim] n. [化学] 钙electric charge n. 电荷(等于charge,electricity);电费as simple a manner as possibleattached to 附属于;系于;爱慕in contact with 接触;与…有联系as a group of 作为整体;总体来讲negative number n. [数] 负数; -1 Negative oneHCl +NaOH → H2O + NaClHydrochloric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide and yields water and sodium chlorideH2SO4+2NaOH → 2H2O + Na2SO4A molecule of sulfuric acid reacts with 2 molecules of sodium hydroxide and yield 2 molecules of waterand a molecule of sodium sulfate辨析fabric ['fbrik] n. 织物;布;组织;构造;建筑物fabrics n. 纺织品;织物;装饰织物;面料hydroxide [hai'drksaid] n. [无化] 氢氧化物;羟化物Hydroxide ion OH-氢氧根离子; H+ hydrogen ion 氢离子molecule ['mlikjul] n. [化学] 分子;微小颗粒,微粒molecular [mu'lekjul] adj. [化学] 分子的;由分子组成的cation ['ktain] n. [化学] 阳离子;[化学] 正离子anion ['nain] n. 阴离子Negative ion 阴离子Positive ion 阳离子nitric ['naitrik] adj. 氮的;含氮的;硝石的;~ acid: 硝酸nitrate ['naitreit] n. 硝酸盐nitrate anion 硝酸根阴离子:nitrate ion 硝酸根离子sulfuric [sl'fjurik] adj. 硫磺的;含(六价)硫的 sulfuric acid 硫酸sulfate ['slfeit] n. [无化] 硫酸盐; sulfate ionphosphoric [fs'frik, -'f:-] adj. 磷的,含磷的phosphate ['fsfeit] n. 磷酸盐;皮膜化成LESSON 18 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SURFACTANT SOLUSION-FORMATION OF MICELLE表面活性剂溶液的物理性质——胶团的形成生词surfactant [s:'fktnt] n. 表面活性剂;adj. 表面活性剂的micelle [mi'sel, mai-] n. [分子生物] 胶束;[生物] 微团dilute [dai'lju:t, di-] adj. 稀释的;淡的electrolytes [i'lektr,laits] n. 电解质;电解质类(electrolyte的复数形式)abrupt ['brpt] abrupt change突变;陡变Turbidity [t:'bidti, t:'biditi] n. [分化] 浊度;浑浊;混浊度;混乱anomalous ['nmls] adj. 异常的;不规则的;不恰当的aggregate ['ɡriɡt, 'ɡriɡeit] vt. 聚集;合计 n. 集合体;总计; adj. 聚合的;集合的;合计的lipophilic [,lipu'filik, lai-] adj. 亲脂性的,亲脂的orientate [':rienteit] 1.使向东;2.给...定位;3. 使适应interior [in'tiri] n. 内部;本质 adj. 内部的;国内的;本质的appreciable ['pri:ibl] adj. 可感知的;可评估的;相当可观的aqueous ['eikwis] adj. 水的,水般的; aqueous medium 水介质electrostatic [i,lektr'sttik] adj. 静电的;静电学的repulsion [ri'pln] n. 排斥;反驳;反感;厌恶halve [hɑ:v, hv] vt. 二等分;把……减半well defined 轮廓分明的;意义明确的act as 担当in force 有效的;大批地;大规模地take place 发生Point out 指出critical micelle concentration 【物理化学】临界胶团浓度be expected to 有望做某事;被期待做某事In term of 依据,按照;在…方面ca. ['s:k] Circa prep. 大约于 adv. 大约dm ['desi,mi:t] Decimeter n. [主英国英语]分米(=1/10米)[略作dm.]cubic ['kju:bik]adj. 立方体的,立方的mol [mul] n. [化学] 摩尔;[化学] 克分子(等于mole)association [,susi'ein, ,sui'ei-] n. 缔合;协会,联盟,社团;联合;联想dissociation [di,sui'ein] n. 分解,分离;分裂ion ['ain] n. [化学] 离子ionic [ai'nik] Adj. 离子的conductance [kn'dktns] n. [电] 电导;导率;电导系数conductivity [,kndk'tiviti] n. 导电性;[物][生理] 传导性lipophilic [,lipu'filik, lai-] adj. 亲脂性的,亲脂的lipo n. 脂肪philic suff. 亲…的; 嗜…的suffix 字尾;接尾;附加....Hydro philic [,haidru'filik] adj. 亲水的Hydro phobic [,haidru'fubik] adj. 疏水的;狂犬病的;恐水病的;Half [hɑ:f, hf]n. 一半;adv. 一半地;adj. 一半的;不完全的;半途的Halve [hɑ:v, hv]vt. 二等分;把……减半halves [hɑ:vz, hvz]n. 一学期;两等份(half的复数形式)LESSON 23 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (I) 有机化合物的物理性质(I)朗读注意:revolution [,rev'lju:n] n. 革命revolutionize [,rev'lju:naiz] vt. 发动革命;彻底改革;宣传革命elucidate [i'lu:si,deit] vt. 阐明;说明spectral ['spektrl] adj. [光] 光谱的;幽灵的;鬼怪的elasticity [,els'tisti] n.弹性solubility [,slju'bilti] n.溶解性,可溶性;溶解度viscosity [vi'sksti] n. 黏性tensile strength ['tensail; -sl] 【物理学】抗张强度,抗拉强度,拉伸强度equilibrium [,i:kwi'librim] n. 平衡(状态)Over 在…期间;直到…完了(或过后):morphous 形,形态isomorphous [,aisu'm:fs] adj. [生物] 同形的;[晶体] 同晶的morphism ['m:fizm] n. [数] 态射;形态主义Polymorphism [,pli'm:fizm] n. 多态性;多形性;同质多晶(现象)Polymorphs n. 同质多形体;多晶型物crystalline ['kristlain] adj. 结晶的crystallize ['krist,laiz] . 使结晶:ambiguity [,mbi'ɡju:iti] n. 含糊;不明确;暧昧;模棱两可的话externally [eks't:nli] adv. 外部地;外表上,外形上discoloration [dis,kl'rein] n. 变色;污点evolution [,i:v'lu:n, ,ev-] n. 演变;进化论;进展material [m'tiril]roughly ['rfli] adv. 粗糙地;大致上symmetrical [si'metrikl] adj. 对称的stereoisomeric ['steriu,ais'merik] adj. 立体异构的Maleic n. 顺丁烯; acid顺丁烯二酸马来酸;Fumaric [fju:'mrik]adj. 反丁烯二酸的; 反丁烯二酸; [有化] 富马酸;延胡索酸;Carboxylic [,kɑ:bk'silik] adj. [有化] 羧基的deals withtransition points 转变点LESSON 24 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (II) 朗读注意:LESSON 44 A NOTE ON NOMENCATURE 朗读注意:steric ['sterik] adj. 空间(排列)的,位的 [亦作 sterical]Stereo- ['steri,u] adj. 立体声的;立体的 Stereo chemistry1Poly acrylo nitrile ['pli,krilu'naitril] n. 聚丙烯腈Poly(1-cyano ethylene) ['sainu] ['eθili:n]n. 聚(1-腈基乙烯)Acrylo nitrile [,krilu'naitrail] n. 【化学】丙烯腈Acryl ['kril] n. 丙烯醛基(俗称压克力)Acrylon n. 腈纶;聚丙烯腈nitrile ['naitrail, -tril] n. [有化] 腈,腈类cyanoethylene ['sainu] ['eθili:n]n. [有化] 丙烯腈cyano ['sainu] adj. 含氰基的2Poly ethylene oxide n. 聚氧化乙烯;Poly (oxy ethylene) ['ksi] n. 聚氧化乙烯;Ethylene oxide n. 氧化乙烯;环氧乙烷ethylene ['eθili:n]n. 乙烯3Poly(ethylene terephthalate) 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯Poly(oxyethylene-oxyterephthaloyl) 聚(氧化乙烯-二甲氧苯)Tere phthalate [,terf'θleit]n. 对苯二酸盐;对苯二酸酯phthalate ['θleit]n. 邻苯二甲酸酯;邻苯二甲酸盐4Poly iso butylene [,aisu'bju:tili:n]n. 聚异丁烯5Poly(methyl meth acrylate) ['mi:θail] [meθ]n. 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Poly(1-methoxy-carbonyl-1-methylethylene) [m'θksi] n. 聚(1-甲氧基-羰基-1-甲基乙烯)methyl ['mi:θail]n. [有化] 甲基;木精acrylate ['krileit]n. 丙烯酸盐,丙烯酸脂methoxy- [m'θksi]【化学】表示“甲氧(基)”carbonyl ['kɑ:bnil]n. 羰基(含有羰基的金属化合物);碳酰6polypropylene [,pli'prup,li:n]n. [高分子] 聚丙烯7Poly styrene [,pli'stairi:n] n. [高分子] 聚苯乙烯LESSON 45 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (I)朗读注意:alchemist ['lkimist] n. 炼金术士medieval [,medi'i:vl] adj. 中世纪的;原始的;仿中世纪的;老式的artisan [,ɑ:ti'zn, 'ɑ:tizn] n. 工匠,技工degrade ['di'ɡreid] 【化学】使(化合物)降解depolymerize [di:'plimraiz] vt.,vi. 【化学】(使)(高分子化合物)解聚aging ['eidi] n. 老化;陈化,熟化denature [di:'neit] vi. 变性albumin ['lbjumin] n. [生化] 白蛋白,[生化] 清蛋白Wool [wul] n. 羊毛;毛线;毛织品;proteinaceous [,pruti:'neis, -ti:i-] adj. 蛋白质的;朊的carbohydrate [,kɑ:bu'haidreit] n. [有化] 碳水化合物;[有化] 糖类Flax [flks] n. 亚麻hevea ['hi:vi] n. 三叶胶(一种橡胶树,产于南美洲)elastomer [i'lstm] n. [力] 弹性体,[高分子] 高弹体tan [tn]vt. 鞣(革);leather ['lee]n. 皮革;皮革制品tortoise ['t:ts] n. 龟nitrate ['naitreit] n. 硝酸盐;vt. 用硝酸处理tar [tɑ:]n. 焦油;柏油caulking ['k:ki] n. 堵缝;压紧 adj. 堵缝的;嵌缝的 v. [建] 堵缝;凿密caulking material填隙料;填颖材料;嵌缝材料Shellac ['lk, 'elk] n. 虫胶;虫漆excrement ['ekskrimnt] n. 粪便,排泄物coccid ['kksid] n. 介壳虫Urea ['juri] n. [肥料] 尿素despite [di'spait]prep. 尽管,不管ebonite ['ebnait] n. [橡胶] 硬橡胶;硬化橡皮;硬橡皮Thermoset ['θ:muset]n. 热固性;热凝物;adj. 热固性的thermoplastic [,θ:mu'plstik]adj. 热塑性的;n. [塑料] 热塑性塑料vulcanized ['vlknaizd] adj. [化学] 硫化的multitudinous [,mlti'tju:dins]adj. 大量的,群集的;多种多样的celluloid ['seljulid] n. 赛璐珞;(美俚)电影(胶片)collodion [k'ludjn] [美国英语] 【化学】胶棉;火棉胶;珂罗酊ethyl ether ['i:θail] ['i:θ]【化学】(二)乙醚( = ether)terminology [,t:mi'nldi] n. 术语,术语学;用辞classified as 分类为tough meat 老肉base metals 基本金属;廉价金属(base metal的复数)Wohler 德国化学家乌拉Kekule 凯库勒Charles and Nelson Goodyear 查尔斯固特异Schonbein 舍恩拜因、史空扁Menard 梅纳德Parkes and Hyatt 帕克斯、海特Chardonnet 夏尔多内LESSON 46 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (2) 朗读注意:LESSON 47 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (3)生词:Prior ['prai]galalith ['glliθ]n. 乳石,酪素塑料casein ['keisi:in] n. 酪蛋白rayon ['rein] n. 人造纤维 adj.glyptal ['ɡliptl] n. 甘酞树脂,丙三醇邻苯二甲酐树脂bitumen ['bitjumin] n. 沥青asphalt ['sflt] n. 沥青;柏油Coumarone-indene ['ku:m,run] ['indi:n] n. 香豆酮;苯并呋喃;氧茚;n.茚petroleum [pi'trulim] n.石油chronological [,krn'ldikl] adj.依时间前后排列而记载的laureate ['l:rit] n. 桂冠诗人;得奖者cyclohexane [,saiklu'heksein] n. 环己烷crystallite ['krist,lait] n. 微晶;皱晶aliphatic [,li'ftik] adj. 脂肪质的,脂肪族的polyamide [,pli'maid] n. [高分子] 聚酰胺(尼龙)nylon ['nailn] n. 尼龙;聚酰胺纤维;emulsion [i'mln] n. 乳剂;乳状液laid the ground奠定了基础工作workLeave… alone不打扰;不干涉;不管;不理there is every有充分的理由(做某事)reasonHormann霍曼施陶丁格StaudingerCarothers 卡洛修斯Meyer and Mark ['meij] 迈耶LESSON 48 INTRODUCTION TO POLYMER SCIENCE (4)朗读注意:LESSON 52 DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS 差热分析朗读注意:。
化学高中单词中英对照
化学高中单词中英对照foundation chemistry 基础化学 acid 酸apparatus 仪器,装置aqueous solution 水溶液arrangement of electrons 电子排列 assumption 假设 atom 原子(化学变化中的最小粒子) atomic mass 原子量atomic number 原子序数 atomic radius 原子半径atomic structure 原子结构 be composed of 由……组成 bombardment 撞击boundary 界限cathode rays 阴极射线 cathode-ray oscilloscope 阴极电子示波器ceramic 陶器制品 charge-clouds 电子云charge-to-mass ratio(e/m) 质荷比(质谱分析时样品质量的测量以质量与其离子电荷之比表示) chemical behaviour 化学行为chemical property 化学性质(物质在化学变化中表现出来的性质) clockwise 顺时针方向的compound 化合物(由不同元素组成的纯净物) configuration 构型 copper 铜 correspond to 相似 corrosive 腐蚀 d-block elements d 区元素 deflect 使偏向,使转向derive from 源于 deuterium 氘diffuse mixture 扩散混合物 distance effect 距离效应 distil 蒸馏distinguish 区别 distribution 分布 doubly charged(2+) ion 正二价离子 dye 染料 effect of electric current in solutions 电流在溶液里的影响 electrical charge 电荷 electrical field 电场 electrically neutral atom 电中性原子 electricity 电 electrolysis 电解electron 电子(负电荷粒子,电量等于×10-10绝对静电单位)electron shielding 电子屏蔽element 元素(具有相同核电荷数即荷内质子数的一类原子的总称) emission spectrum 发射光谱(根据发射光源和激发能量方式所产生的特征电磁波谱)energy level 能态,能级(稳态能量,有相同主量数的电子壳层) fertiliser 肥料first ionisation energy 一级电离能fluorescent screen 荧光屏 fuel 燃料fundamental substance 基础物质 fuzzy 模糊的 galaxy 星系,银河 gas 气体 gaseous state 气态gravity 重力GroupⅠ 第一族Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle 海森堡测不准原理hydrofluoric acid 氢氟酸identical 同一的,相等的 in terms of 根据,在……方面innermost 最内的,最深的interaction 相互作用internal structure 内部结构 interpret 解释investigate 研究,调查ionisation energy 电离能(从原子或分子中移走一个电子至无穷远处所需的能量,以电子伏特eV表示)ionise 电离isotope 同位素(原子里具有相同的质子数和不同的中子数的同一元素的原子互称同位素). Thomson’s e/m experiment 汤姆森质何比实验 Latin 拉丁 lepton 轻粒子 liquid 液体magnet 磁铁 magnetic field 磁场 Maltese Cross 马耳他十字 marble 大理石mass number 质量数 matter 物质 metal foil 金箔 meteorite 陨星 microbe 微生物,细菌 model-building 模型建筑mole 摩尔(表示一个系统的物质的量的单位,该系统中所包含的基本单元数与12g碳12即12C的原子数目相等,每摩尔物质含有阿佛加德罗常数个微粒)molecule 分子(保持物质的化学性质的最小粒子)narrow beam 狭窄的光线negative electrode(cathode)阴极negligible 可以忽略的neutron 中子nitrate 硝酸盐noble gas 稀有气体normal pressures 常压nuclear charge (原子)核电荷 nuclear model for atoms 原子核模型 nuclear reaction 核反应 nucleus ()核Orbital 轨道araffin wax 石蜡particle 微粒,粒子Pauli exclusion principle 保里不相容原理(每个原子轨道至多只能容纳两个电子;而且,这两个电子自旋方向必须相反)Periodic Table 周期表physical property 物理性质(物质不需要发生化学变化就表现出来的性质,如颜色、状态、气味、熔沸点、密度等)plastics 塑料 plum-pudding 李子布丁positive charge 正电荷(带有质子的物质,用丝绸摩擦玻璃棒,在棒上会产生正电荷)positive electrode (anode) 阳极positively charged particle (ion) 离子potential difference 电位 prediction 预言 principal quantum number 主量子数(标示轨道电子的波函数,包括轨道角动量和自旋量子数,电子的能级和距原子核的平均距离主要取决于主量子数)probe 探测,探究proton 质子quantum (pl. quanta)量子(一个电子转移到原子的下一层轨道时发出的有限辐射能单位) quantum mechanics 量子力学Quantum Theory 量子理论quark 夸克(组成基本粒子的更小的粒子)radioactive source 放射源repel 排斥 repulsion 斥力respectively 分别地rung 梯级scattering effect 散射作用Schrdinger equation 薛定谔(波动)方程(一偏微分方程,描述基本粒子波动性) scintillation 火花shell 电子壳层shielding effect 屏蔽效应simpler substance 单质(指由同种元素组成的纯净物)solid 固体 sphere 球 spin 自旋stable state 稳态sub-atomic particle 原子内的粒子subset 子集,小团体successive ionisation energy 逐级电离能 symbol 符号symmetry 对称 the lowest-energy orbitals 最低能量轨道 transition elements 过渡元素X-ray X 射线α-particles α粒子,即alpha-particle(带有两个质子和中子的粒子,即氦原子核,对物质的穿透力较强,流速约为光速的1/10)α-ray α 射线β-ray β 射线β-particles β粒子γ-parti icles γ粒子γ-ray 射线acid 酸organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸 nitric acid 硝酸 fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸 hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀Bunsen burner 本生灯product 反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化 to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象 hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的refining 炼油refinery 炼油厂cracking 裂化separation 分离fractionating tower 分馏塔fractional distillation 分馏distillation column 分裂蒸馏塔polymerizing, polymerization 聚合reforming 重整purification 净化hydrocarbon 烃,碳氢化合物crude oil, crude 原油petrol 汽油 (美作:gasoline)LPG, liquefied petroleum gas 液化石油气LNG, liquefied natural gas 液化天然气Vaseline 凡士林paraffin 石蜡kerosene, karaffin oil 煤油gas oil 柴油lubricating oil 润滑油asphalt 沥青benzene 苯fuel 燃料natural gas 天然high-grade petrol, high-octane petrol 高级汽油,高辛烷值汽油plastic 塑料chemical fiber 化学纤维synthetic rubber 合成橡胶solvent 溶剂Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物 flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂 litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管still 蒸馏釜crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式 valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金metal 金属metalloid 非金属Hydrogen(H) 氢Iodine(I) 碘Iron(Fe) 铁Lead(Pb) 铅Magnesium(Mg) 镁Exercises Questions 1-3 refer to the following aqueous solutions.(A) M HCl(B) M NaCl(C) M HC2H3O2(D) M CH 3 OH(E) M KOH1. Is weakly acidic2. Has the highest pH3. Reacts with an equal volume of M Ba(OH)2 to form a solution with pH = 7KEY:()()()4. If the molar mass of NH 3 is 17g/mol, what is the density of this compound at STP(标准状况)A. L B. L C. L D. L E. Lv1.0 可编辑可修改。
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Aluminium(Al) 铝Americium(Am) 镅Antimony(Sb) 锑Argon(Ar) 氩Arsenic(As) 砷Astatine(At) 砹Barium(Ba) 钡Berkelium(Bk) 锫Beryllium(Be) 铍Bismuth(Bi) 铋Boron(B) 硼Bromine(Br) 溴Cadmium(Cd) 镉Caesium(Cs) 铯Calcium(Ca) 钙Californium(Cf) 锎Carbon(C) 碳Cerium(Ce) 铈Chlorine(Cl) 氯Chromium(Cr) 铬Cobalt(Co) 钴Copper(Cu) 铜Curium(Cm) 锔Dysprosium(Dy) 镝Einsteinium(Es) 锿Erbium(Er) 铒Europium(Eu) 铕Fermium(Fm) 镄Fluorine(F) 氟Francium(Fr) 钫Gadolinium(Gd) 钆Gallium(Ga) 镓Germanium(Ge) 锗Gold(Au) 金Hafnium(Hf) 铪Helium(He) 氦Holmium(Ho) 钬Hydrogen(H) 氢Indium(In) 铟Iodine(I) 碘Iridium(Ir) 铱Iron(Fe) 铁Krypton(Kr) 氪Lawrencium(Lr) 铹Lead(Pb) 铅Lithium(Li) 锂Lutetium(Lu) 镥Magnesium(Mg) 镁Manganese(Mn) 锰Mendelevium(Md) 钔Mercury(Hg) 汞Molybdenum(Mo) 钼Neodymium(Nd) 钕Neon(Ne) 氖Neptunium(Np) 镎Nickel(Ni) 镍Niobium(Nb) 铌Nitrogen(N) 氮Nobelium(No) 锘Osmium(Os) 锇Oxygen(O) 氧Palladium(Pd) 钯Phosphorus(P) 磷Platinum(Pt) 铂Plutonium(Pu) 钚Polonium(Po) 钋Potassium(K) 钾Praseodymium(Pr) 镨Promethium(Pm) 钷Protactinium(Pa) 镤Radium(Ra) 镭Radon(Rn) 氡Rhenium(Re) 铼Rhodium(Rh) 铑Rubidium(Rb) 铷Ruthenium(Ru) 钌Samarium(Sm) 钐Scandium(Sc) 钪Selenium(Se) 硒Silicon(Si) 硅Silver(Ag) 银Sodium(Na) 钠Strontium(Sr) 锶Sulphur(S) 锍Tantalum(Ta) 钽Technetium(Tc) 锝Tellurium(Te) 碲Terbium(Tb) 铽Thallium(Tl) 铊Thorium(Th) 钍Tin(Sn) 锡Thulium(Tm) 铥Titanium(Ti) 钛Tungsten(W) 钨Uranium(U) 铀Vanadium(V) 钒Xenon(Xe) 氙Ytterbium(Yb) 镱Yttrium(Y) 钇Zinc(Zn) 锌Zirconium(Zr) 锆氨ammonia氨基酸amino acid铵盐ammonium salt饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon超导材料superconductive material臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite醋酸钠sodium acetate蛋白质protein氮族元素nitrogen group element碘化钾potassium iodide碘化钠sodium iodide电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionization equilibrium电子云electron cloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper 二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide二氧化硅silicon dioxide二氧化硫sulphur dioxide二氧化锰manganese dioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermic reaction非极性分子non-polar molecule非极性键non-polar bond肥皂soap分馏fractional distillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池dry cell干馏dry distillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polymer共价键covalent bond官能团functional group光化学烟雾photochemical fog过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide合成材料synthetic material合成纤维synthetic fiber合成橡胶synthetic rubber核电荷数nuclear charge number核素nuclide化学电源chemical power source化学反应速率chemical reaction rate 化学键chemical bond化学平衡chemical equilibrium还原剂reducing agent磺化反应sulfonation reaction霍尔槽Hull Cell极性分子polar molecule极性键polar bond加成反应addition reaction加聚反应addition polymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkali metal碱石灰soda lime结构式structural formula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversible reaction空气污染指数air pollution index勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle 离子反应ionic reaction离子方程式ionic equation离子键ionic bond锂电池lithium cell两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide 两性氧化物amphoteric oxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate硫酸钠sodium sulphide氯化铵ammonium chloride氯化钡barium chloride氯化钾potassium chloride氯化铝aluminium chloride氯化镁magnesium chloride氯化氢hydrogen chloride氯化铁iron (III) chloride氯水chlorine water麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molar mass品红magenta或fuchsine葡萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas铅蓄电池lead storage battery强电解质strong electrolyte氢氟酸hydrogen chloride氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide取代反应substitution reaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuel cell弱电解质weak electrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysis reaction四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride塑料plastic塑料的降解plastic degradation塑料的老化plastic ageing酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration 酸雨acid rain羧酸carboxylic acid碳酸钠sodium carbonate碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amount of substance物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B烯烃alkene洗涤剂detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relative molecular mass相对原子质量relative atomic mass消去反应elimination reaction硝化反应nitratlon reaction硝酸钡barium nitrate硝酸银silver nitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride 溴化钠sodium bromide溴水bromine water溴水bromine water盐类的水解hydrolysis of salts盐析salting-out焰色反应flame test氧化剂oxidizing agent氧化铝aluminium oxide氧化铁iron (III) oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoic acid乙酸乙酯ethyl acetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silver mirror reaction硬脂酸stearic acid油脂oils and fats有机化合物organic compound元素周期表periodic table of elements元素周期律periodic law of elements原电池primary battery原子序数atomic number皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期period族group(主族:main group)Bunsen burner 本生灯product 化学反应产物flask 烧瓶apparatus 设备PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass 卵形瓶litmus 石蕊litmus paper 石蕊试纸graduate, graduated flask 量筒,量杯reagent 试剂test tube 试管burette 滴定管retort 曲颈甑still 蒸馏釜cupel 烤钵crucible pot, melting pot 坩埚pipette 吸液管filter 滤管stirring rod 搅拌棒element 元素body 物体compound 化合物atom 原子gram atom 克原子atomic weight 原子量atomic number 原子数atomic mass 原子质量molecule 分子electrolyte 电解质ion 离子anion 阴离子cation 阳离子electron 电子isotope 同位素isomer 同分异物现象polymer 聚合物symbol 复合radical 基structural formula 分子式valence, valency 价monovalent 单价bivalent 二价halogen 成盐元素bond 原子的聚合mixture 混合combination 合成作用compound 合成物alloy 合金organic chemistry 有机化学inorganic chemistry 无机化学derivative 衍生物series 系列acid 酸hydrochloric acid 盐酸sulphuric acid 硫酸nitric acid 硝酸aqua fortis 王水fatty acid 脂肪酸organic acid 有机酸hydrosulphuric acid 氢硫酸hydrogen sulfide 氢化硫alkali 碱,强碱ammonia 氨base 碱hydrate 水合物hydroxide 氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid 氢酸hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物,羟anhydride 酐alkaloid 生物碱aldehyde 醛oxide 氧化物phosphate 磷酸盐acetate 醋酸盐methane 甲烷,沼气butane 丁烷salt 盐potassium carbonate 碳酸钾soda 苏打sodium carbonate 碳酸钠caustic potash 苛性钾caustic soda 苛性钠ester 酯gel 凝胶体analysis 分解fractionation 分馏endothermic reaction 吸热反应exothermic reaction 放热反应precipitation 沉淀to precipitate 沉淀to distil, to distill 蒸馏distillation 蒸馏to calcine 煅烧to oxidize 氧化alkalinization 碱化to oxygenate, to oxidize 脱氧,氧化to neutralize 中和to hydrogenate 氢化to hydrate 水合,水化to dehydrate 脱水fermentation 发酵solution 溶解combustion 燃烧fusion, melting 熔解alkalinity 碱性isomerism, isomery 同分异物现象hydrolysis 水解electrolysis 电解electrode 电极anode 阳极,正极cathode 阴极,负极catalyst 催化剂catalysis 催化作用oxidization, oxidation 氧化reducer 还原剂dissolution 分解synthesis 合成reversible 可逆的。