张宇阅读理解基础训练

阅读理解基础训练

Passage 1

injure reverse

deliver

valid apply

certificate responsibility

more than up to

sb’s chance of V-ing at … speed

make sure

More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured each year. At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives and therefore reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.

Therefore drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to ₤50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear you belt. But it will be the driver's responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.

However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle or you are making a local delivery or collection but using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make sure these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear you seat belt. Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.

1. This text is taken from .

A. a medical magazine

B. a police report

C. a legal document

D. a government information booklet

2. Wearing a seat belt in a vehicle .

A. reduces road accidents by more than half

B. saves lives while driving at a speed up to 30 miles per hour

C. reduces the death rate in traffic accidents

D. saves more than 15,000 lives each year

3. Concerning wearing seat belt, drivers are required to .

A. ask or remind the front seat passenger to wear a seat belt

B. make the front seat children under 14 wear a seat belt

C. stop children under 14 riding in the front seat

D. wear a seat belt each time he drives

4. According to the text, which of the following people riding in the front does not have to wear a seat

belt?

A. Someone who is backing his car.

B. Someone who is picking up children in local schools.

C. Someone who is delivering or collecting letters.

D. Someone who is engaged in medical research.

5. The possible results of not wearing seat belt without excuses are followings except .

A. falling into illness

B. paying fine

C. being accused

D. being injured or killed

Passage 2

essentials affect

inadequate omit

available former

by no means link … to …

Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one of life's essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.

But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn't have breakfast increased by 33 percent—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million — according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.

For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. "Going without breakfast does not affect performance," said Arnold E.Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, "nor does giving people breakfast improve performance."

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults. "The literature," says one researcher, Dr. Ernesto Pollitt at the University of Texas, "is poor."

1. Putting gasoline in the car is mentioned in paragraph one to .

A) indicate that without gasoline, a car cannot be started

B) reveal that with gasoline, a family can have a good trip

C) illustrate that people need to have breakfast

D) prove cars are resources-exhausting machine

2. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that .

A)several studies have been done in the past few years

B)the omission of breakfast does no harm to one's health

C)adults have especially made studies in this field

D)eating little in the morning is good for health

3. According to Arnold E. Bender, .

A)having breakfast is good for performance

B)not giving people breakfast is not good for performance

C)having breakfast is not good for performance

D)having or not having breakfast is not related to your performance

4. The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to .

A) stories, poems, plays, etc. C) any printed material

B) written works on a particular subject D) the modern literature of America

5. The author implies in the passage that .