初中英语鲁教版(五四制)九年级全册Unit 2知识点

九年级英语全册
Unit 2知识点
【Section A】
一、重点单词及词组
1.safety 意为“安全；安全性” , 作不可数名词时
Safely adv.→反义词 dangerously adv.
Safe adj.→反义词 dangerous adj.
Safety n.→反义词 danger n.
例：For your own safety, please do not smoke inside the plane.
为了你自身的安全，请不要在飞机内抽烟。

2.smoke 意为“吸烟”，还可以指“冒烟” v.
例：You had better give up smoking.你最好放弃吸烟。

What makes the stove smoke? 什么导致炉子冒烟？
[拓展]smoke 用作不可数名词，意为“烟”。

例：The room was filled with smoke.屋里都是烟。

3.part-time兼职的 adj.
其反义词是full-time，意为“全职的“。

Have part-time Jobs 意为“做兼职工作”。

例：In America, many students have part-time jobs.在美国，很多学生做兼职工作。

4.hug 拥抱，搂抱
①[可数名词]拥抱 give sb a hug
例：She gave her mother a big hug.她热情地拥抱了她的母亲。

②[动词]拥抱，其过去式和过去分词为hugged，现在分词为hugging。

例：They hugged each other.他们相互拥抱。

5.lift 举起，抬高；电梯，搭便车。

①[动词]举起，抬高；指用手或机器等把某人或某物举到一定等高度。

例：The old man can’t lift the box.这个老人举不起这个箱子。

She lifted her hand all of a sudden.她突然举起手来。

②n.电梯（elevator 扶梯）
例：It's on the eighth floor.Let's take the lift.它在八楼，咱们乘电梯吧。

6.badly 严重地；差；非常 adv.
其比较级和最高级分别是worse和worst。

例：I fell down and hurt myself badly.我跌倒了并伤得很严重。

The boy behaved badly at the party.那个男孩在聚会上表现得很差。

She wants the license badly.她非常想要那个执照。

7.anyway 副词，意为“无论如何；尽管如此，反正”。

例：I don’t care what you say, I’m going to do it anyway.
我不在意你说什么，无论如何我都要去做这件事。

8.regret 意为“遗憾，惋惜，懊悔”, 及物动词
其后可接名词，代词，that/what 引导的从句，动词-ing 形式或动词不定式作宾语。

其过去式与过去分词均为 regretted, 现在分词为 regretting。

例：She expressed her regret at the decision.她对这个决定表示懊悔。

I deeply regret what I said.我非常后悔说了那些话。

[拓展]可数名词，痛惜；懊悔；遗憾
例：She expressed her regret at the decision.她对这个决定表示懊悔。

[辨析]regret doing sth 与 regret to do sth
u regret doing sth 对做过的事感到后悔
例：I regret telling her what I thought.我后悔告诉了她我的想法。

u regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾
例：I regret to have to do it, but I have no choice.
我很遗憾必须做这件事，但我别无选择。

cate 教育；教导；培训 v。

educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事
例：Parents should educate their children to protect the environment.
父母应该教育他们的孩子保护环境。

[拓展]
①Education （尤指学校）教育 n.
例：She is a woman of much education.她是一个受过很多教育的女人。

②Educational 教育的，有教育意义的 adj.
例：Volunteering is educational for young people.
对年轻人而言，做志愿者活动是有教育意义的。

10.manage 完成 v。

①完成（困难的事）；应付（困难局面）
manage to do sth 设法做成某事，努力完成某事
例：I don’t know how she manages with five kids.
我不知道她是怎么应付5个孩子的。

②经营；管理
例：It's not easy to manage a large company.
管理一家大公司并不容易。

[辨析]manage 与 try
u manage 设法办成；强调结果是成功的
u try 努力做，试图做；强调过程，结果不一定成功
例：He tried many times, and at last he managed to finish the work.
经过多次尝试，他终于设法完成了工作。

二、重点句子
1.I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年开车。

（1）否定前移
在一般现在时中，若主句主语是第一人称（I，We），谓语动词为think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等，后跟表示否定意义的宾语从句，则应否定在主句上，不应否定在从句上。

这就是叫“否定前移”；变反意疑问句时，附加问句要与从句一致，但要注意陈述部分的否定转移现象。

例：I think you are right.我认为你是对的。

→ I don’t think you are right.我认为你是不对的。

I don’t think he is clever, is he? 我认为他不聪明，是吗？
（2）sixteen-year-olds 16岁的青少年；此处为复数，泛指一类人。

例：Sixteen-year-olds have their own ideas.16岁的青少年有自己的观点。

[拓展]“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”构成的词通常用作形容词，作前置定语。

例：She is an eight-year-old girl.她是一个8岁的女孩。

（3）allow 允许；准许
①allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
例：The teacher allowed him to go into the class-room.老师允许他进入教室。

②allow doing sth 允许做某事
例：We don’t allow smoking in public.我们不允许在公共场合吸烟。

③be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
例：Passengers are not allowed to smoke.乘客不被允许吸烟。

2.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.应该允许16岁的青少年穿耳洞。

get one' ears pierced穿耳洞
此处get用作使役动词，意为“使；让”“get sth+过去分词”意为“使某事被做”,其中过去分词表示被动,其动作往往是别人做的。

例：I got my instrument repaired.我让人修理了我的器械。

When are you going to get your hair cut? 你打算什么时候去理发?
3.He should stop wearing that silly earring.他应该停止戴那个可笑的耳环。

wear (wore, worn)及物动词，意为“穿着；戴着”，表示穿着的状态。

例：He was wearing a blue coat.他穿着一件蓝色外套。

[辨析]wear, put on, dress 与（be）in
u wear “穿，戴着…….”，表状态后接衣帽，也可接饰物，奖章等
例：The children are wearing nice clothes today.今天孩子们都穿着漂亮的衣服。

u put on “穿，戴上”，表动作后接衣服帽子等
例：Put on warm clothes, or you will catch a cold.
穿上暖和的衣服，否则你会感冒。

u dress “给….穿衣服”，表动作宾语只能是人
例：He dresses himself every morning.他每天早晨自己穿衣服。

u (be) in “穿着”，表状态后接表示衣服或颜色的名词
例：The girl in red is his daughter.穿红衣服的那个女孩是他的女儿。

4.I’m really excited about seeing the famous paintings by Picasso.要去看毕加索的著名绘画作品了，我感到非常兴奋。

be excited about (doing) sth 对（做）某事感到兴奋，其中excited为形容词，意为“兴奋的；激动的”，常用来描述人
例：Sarah was excited about making her own decision.萨拉对自己做决定感到兴奋。

[拓展]be excited to do sth 意为“对做某事感到兴奋”
例：She is excited to pass the exam.通过了考试，她感动兴奋。

5.I'm going to bring my new camera to take lots of photos! 我打算带我的新照相机去拍许多照片！
[辨析]bring，take与get
u bring “带来；拿来”（从别处带到说话者处）
例：Bring the evening paper to me.把那份晚报拿给我。

u take “拿来；带走”（离开说话者处）
例：Take the evening paper to your grandma.把那份晚报拿给你奶奶。

u get “去取来”，即包括“去”的意思，又包括“来”的意思。

例：My grandpa asked me to get him the evening paper.我爷爷让我给她取那份晚报来。

6.When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.当我是一个整夜哭闹的小婴儿时，妈妈为我唱歌，并陪伴在我身边。

[辨析]tiny，small与little
u tiny 极小的，微小的强调特别小
u small小的多指面积，体积，数量等小或少。

u little 小的多指“小巧的”，带有感情色彩，含有喜欢，可怜或讨厌的意思
例：tiny earrings 极小的耳环
a small box 一个小盒子
a little dog 一条小狗
7.When I was two running through the field, she made sure I was safe and kept me from
danger.当我是一个在田间奔跑的两岁孩童时，她确保我的安全，让我远离危险。

make sure 确保；查明；弄清；后常接of短语或that引导的从句
例：We made sure of our seats for the movie.我们订好电影院的座位了。

Make sure that you pick us up at five o’clock.你确保要在5点钟来接我们。

8.I should not be told what to do! 我不需要（你）告诉我做什么！
“疑问词+动词不定式”结构
what to do 为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。

可在句中作主语，宾语等。

作宾语时可转换为宾语从句，此时宾语从句的主语与主句主语相同。

例：Where to look for him is a problem.问题是到哪儿去找他。

I can’t decide what to do next= I can’t decide what i should do next.
我不能决定下一步做什么。

[拓展]在“疑问词+动词不定式”结构中，疑问词包括who, what,when,where,how等。

9.Now I’m an adult, thinking back to those times.现在，我长大成人了，回想起那过去的岁月。

（1）think back to sth 回想起某事；追忆某事
例：I think back to the day I first met Susan.我回想起初次见到苏珊的那一天。

（2）time
①时代；时期，可数名词。

其复数形式为times。

例：People started to use the horse in ancient times.在古代人们就开始使用马了。

②时间，不可数名词
例：What’s the time now? 现在几点钟了？
10.No, I don’t agree with this.不，我不赞同这个观点。

agree with 赞同，同意某人（的意见，观点）
例：I agree with what you said.我同意你所说的话。

He agrees with me.他同意我的意见
[拓展]
①agree to 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议，安排，计划等，另一方同意协作。

例：I agree to their arrangement.我同意了他们的安排。

②agree on 主要指双方通过协商后在某一点上取得一致意见或达成协议。

例：We agreed on the question.我们就这个问题达成了一致意见。

③agree to do sth 同意做某事
例：I agreed to remain for a while.我同意逗留一会儿。

④agree （that）…同意/赞同…
例：She agreed that we should sell it at a low price.她同意我们应该以低价卖掉它。

11.They can learn a lot from working.他们能从工作中学到很多。

learn…from…从……学到……
例：You can learn a lot from watching games.你能从观看比赛中学到很多。

[拓展]
①learn to do sth 学习做某事
例：We should learn to relax.我们应该学着放松。

②learn from sb 向某人学习
例：We should learn from Lei Feng.我们应该向雷锋学习。

③learn...by oneself 自学相当于teach oneself
例：The man can learn English by himself
= The man can teach himself English.这个人能自学英语。

④learn about/of 了解，知道
例：The more you learn about Chinese history, the more you enjoy living in China.你了解中国历史越多，你就越喜欢住在中国。

12.Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet? 你认为我们必须让青少年远离网络吗？
Keep...away from... 使……避免接近……；使……远离……
例：We must keep teenagers away from drugs.我们必须让青少年远离毒品。

But how can you keep away from a fight? 但是，你怎样才能避免打架呢？
[拓展]keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
例：They all kept us from knowing the truth of that event.
他们都不让我们知道那件事的真相。

13.Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions.父母应该给青少年自己做决定的机会。

1)Chance 机会，可能性；可数名词
（have）a chance to do / of doing (有)做……的机会
例：It’s a good chance to learn from others. 这是一个向他人学习的好机会。

She has a chance to make a speech/ of making a speech.
她有一个做报告的机会。

2)make one’s own decision 自己做决定
相当于 make a decision for oneself.其中decision是动词decide的名词形式，意为“决定，决心”。

例：Teenagers can make their own decisions.
=Teenagers can make decisions for themselves.青少年可以自己做决定。

14.That is why many Chinese adults continue to live with their parents.那就是许多中国成年人继续跟他们的父母住在一起的原因。

1)That is why...那就是……的原因
其中why引导的句子作表语，是表语从句。

That is why I don't want to leave here. 那就是我不想离开这儿的原因。

表语从句
2)continue 继续及物动词
其后可接名词，代词，动词不定式或动名词作宾语。

例：After reading a poem, I continued to do my homework.
读了一首诗后，我继续做我的家庭作业。

He picked up his book and continued reading.他拿起书继续读。

【SectionB】
一、重点单词及短语
1.support 支持 v.
例：I will support you at any time.任何时候我都会支持你
[拓展]① support 用作及物动词,意为“抚养,赡养”。

例：He works hard to support his family.他努力工作来养家。

② support 用作不可数名词,意为“支持”
例：Thanks for your support!谢谢你的支持!
2.enter 进去 v.
例：My parents have always taught me how important it is to work hard at school and enter university.我父母一直教导我在校努力学习和进入大学是多么重要。

enter 此处用作及物动词,意为“进来;进去”,相当于 come/ go into,因此其后通常不与介词 into 连用。

enter 既可表示加入某个组织、活动等,成为其中的一员,也可表示进入某个具体场所。

例：The boy entered university last yea.去年这个男孩进入了大学。

The train entered the tunnel.火车驶进了隧道。

He entered the room quietly.他悄悄地进入了房间。

二、重点句子
1.Parents should not be too strict with teenagers.父母不应该对青少年要求太严格。

be strict with sb.意为“对某人要求严格”。

其中 strict 用作形容词,意为“严厉的;严格的”。

例：Our English teacher is very strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严格。

[拓展]：“对某事要求严格”用 be strict in sth
例：We should be strict in our homework.我们应该对我们的作业要求严格
2.But sometimes these can get in the way of their schoolwork, and parents might worry about their success at school.但有时这些爱好会妨碍功课，父母可能会担心他们在学校的成功。

（1）get in the way of 意为“挡……的路；妨碍”，其后可接名词, 代词或动词-ing 形式。

例：Playing computer games can get in the way of his study.
玩电脑游戏会阻碍他的学习。

（2）success 不可数名词，意为“成功”。

例：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

[拓展]① succeed 不及物动词，常用短语；succeed in sth.“在某事上取得成功”。

succeed in doing sth “成功地做某事”。

例：She succeed in passing the exam.她成功地通过了考试。

② successful 形容词，意为“成功的”。

例：The performance was successful.演出很成功。

③ successfully 副词,意为“成功地”。

例：I finished my training successfully.我成功地完成了训练。

3.Teenagers often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.青少年经常认为应该允许他们尽可能多地按照他们所想的去练习他们的爱好。

as much as 意为“与……一样多,如……那么多(那种程度);……之多(与表金钱的数词连用)”,强调“多”。

例：You can eat as much as you like.你爱吃多少就吃多少。

In fact, it cost me as much as I00 dollars.实际上,它花了我 100 美元之多。

[拓展] as much as 还可意为“尽量;尽最大努力(可能)”,主要用于 as much as possible/ one can 结构。

例：I have helped you as much as I can.我已尽我所能地帮助你。

4.And we know how much he loves running.而且我们知道他多么喜欢跑步。

（1）how much 此处用于表达一种程度,意为“多么”。

例：You never know how much I miss my parents.
你永远不知道我是多么想念我的父母。

[拓展] how much 引导的特殊疑问句：
①询问事物的数量,意为“多少”,后接不可数名词
例：How much milk is there in the glass?玻璃杯里有多少牛奶?
②询问价格,意为“多少钱”。

例：How much is the sweater?这件毛衣多少钱?
（2）love doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”。

例：He loves swimming.他喜欢游泳。

5.My wife and I have supported every one of his races.我和我的妻子支持他的每一次比赛。

support 此处用作及物动词,意为“支持”。

例：I will support you at any time,任何时候我都会支持你
[拓展]① support 用作及物动词,意为“抚养,赡养”。

例：He works hard to support his family.他努力工作来养家。

② support 用作不可数名词,意为“支持”
例：Thanks for your support!谢谢你的支持!
6.We have nothing against running!我们不反对跑步!
（1）have nothing against sth./ doing sth.意为“不反对某事/做某事”
例：I have nothing against singing loudly.我不反对大声唱歌。

（2）against 介词,意为“反对;违背”,其反义词为 for,意为“支持”。

例：All the people in the world are against war.全世界人民都反对战争
[拓展] against 作介词时,还可以表示“紧靠;与……对抗;碰,撞”等含义
例：His bike is against the wall.他的自行车靠着墙。

Our school will play against their school in the basketball game.
我们学校将与他们学校进行篮球赛。

The rain beat against the windows.雨点击打着窗户。

7.…So he needs to think about what will happen if he doesn’t end up as a professional runner.…所以他需要考虑如果他最终成为不了一名职业跑步运动员，将会发生什么。

happen 不及物动词,意为“发生”
例：He needs to think about what will happen if he doesn't end up as a professional runner.所以他需要考虑如果他最终成为不了一名职业跑步运动员,将会发生什么。

Do you know what happened over there?你知道那边发生了什么事吗?
[拓展] happen 的用法: ①Sth.+ happened+地点/时间,意为“某地/某时发生了某事”。

例：An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故。

②Sth.+ happened to sb 意为“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”。

例：A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她出了车祸。

③Sb.+ happened to do sth.,意为“某人碰巧做某事”
例：I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
昨天我在街上碰巧遇到了我的一个朋友。

8.I understand this, but I'm serious about running.对此我理解,但对于跑步我是认真的。

be serious about 意为“认真对待”,其后可接名词、代词或动词 ing 形式
例：She is serious about her future 她认真面对未来。

You think he's serious about leaving his wife?
你认为他是当真离开他的妻子吗?
9.I think I should be allowed to make this choice myself.我认为应该允许我自己做这个选择。

choice 此处用作可数名词,意为“选择;抉择”。

例：He is faced with a difficult choice.他面临着艰难的抉择。

[拓展]：表示做出选择，通常用动词 make。

例：We each have to make a choice.我们每个人都得做出选择
[拓展]① choice 常用于短语have no choice but to do sth.,意为“除了做某事以外,别无选择”或“只好做某事”。

例：I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受这个事实外,我别无选择。

He has no choice but to go with them.他没有办法,只好跟他们一起去。

② choice 的动词形式为 choose, choose to do sth 意为“选择做某事”。

例：I choose to be your friend.我选择做你的朋友。

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10.Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream.只有那样我才有实现梦想的机会。

本句是一个倒装句,正常语序是 I will have a chance to achieve my dream only then.。

当 only 位于句首,其后接副词介词短语或状语从句时,句子或主句要用部分倒装结构,即把助动词、情态动词放在主语前。

如果 only 后跟的是主语,则不用倒装。

例：Only in this way can you learn English well.只有这样,你才能学好英语。

Only three people were hurt in the car accident.只有 3 个人在车祸中受伤。

[拓展]当句子以 seldom, never, hardly, not until 等表示否定意义的词语开头时,会引起部分倒装。

例：Never will I make that mistake again.我再也不会犯那样的错误了。

Not until 11 o' clock did I go to bed last night..我昨晚 11 点才睡觉。

11.No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can be solved in the end.无论我们有多少困难,我相信所有的问题最终能够被解决。

（1）no matter 无论
与what, who, when, where, which, how等疑问词连用，构成“no matter+疑问词”结构，引导让步状语从句，可以和“疑问词+ever”互换。

例：I’ll never forget you no matter where (=wherever) you go.
无论你去哪里，我都不会忘记你。

（2）solve 及物动词,意为“解决”,其宾语常为 problem，而answer的宾语常为question。

例：Tell me how to solve the problem.告诉我如何解决这个问题。