英语人教版八年级下册unit9 sectionA grammar focus

Unit9 Have You Ever Been to an Amusement Park?
Section A grammar focus
一、学习目标：
1.掌握现在完成时的用法；
2.了解一般过去时、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的意义的区别；
3.能够准确使用多种时态谈论自己的经历。

二、学习重点难点：
1. 现在完成时的两个用法。

2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。

三．学习过程
Step1预习导学及自测：
翻译官，试试看
1.在船上______
2.space museum _____
3.一年到头_____
4.all the time ______
5.四分之三_____
6.take a ride _____
7.听说_____
8.an English-speaking country _________
Step2情景导入：
教师提出Have you ever been to ···?引导学生看grammar focus回答，并教学生自己总结。

Step3 合作交流
Ⅰ现在完成时的用法
1.表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

2.表示过去已经开始，持续到现在动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。

Ⅱ现在完成时态的结构
have (has)+过去分词
构成:主语+ have/has + 过去分词+ 其他。

( 当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。

)
否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他?
肯定答语：Yes, 主语+ have/has. 否定答语：No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.
过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆.
Ⅲ和现在完成时态连用的时间副词或短语：
1.already,yet,ever,never,just,before
2.once,twice,three times,four times
3.for + 一段时间,since +时间段
4.these days, today,this year,so far, in the last past two years
Ⅳ现在完成时态使用的注意事项：
1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在状态，一直持续到现在，也许还将继续下去，可以和for+时间段，since+时间点/
从句及how long 连用，谓语动词只可用延续性动词。

常见的终止性动词与延续性动词之间的对应关系如下：
come/go/ arrive/reach/get /move to ----be in /at
die ----- be dead
open ------be open close ---be closed
become -----be
fall asleep ------be asleep
borrow ----keep
buy----have
begin ,start ----- be on
put on -----wear
leave -----be away from
join the army -----be in the army /be a soldier
join the Party ---be in the Party / be in the Party
注意：have/has been与have/has gone区别(见课本)
例：他去过长城。

_____________________________________
—他在哪儿？______________________
—他去长城了。

___________________________
2. 瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式可以接一段时间。

Step4 Practice
【当堂达标】
一.写出下面动词的过去式和过去分词。

1. go _______ ________
2. study _________ _________
3. have _______ ________
4. be _________ _________
5. cut _______ ________
6. buy _________ _________
7. live _______ ________
8. begin _________ _________
9. break_______ ________ 10.finish_________ _________
二. 单项选择
1. —Have you ever been to an aquarium? —No, _____.
A. I have
B. I am not
C. I haven’t
D. I hasn’t
2. —I’ve never been to a water park. — _______
A. Me, too
B. Me, neither.
C. Me also.
D. Me both.
3. Has the train _____ yet?
A.got to
B.reached
C.arrived
D.arrived at
4.The teacher asked _____.
A.what’s your name
B.what was your name
C.what your name is
D.what your name was
5.—Do you mind if I stay here a little longer? —_____.
A.No, you can’t
B.Yes, you may
C.Certainly not
D.Yes, not at all
6.How long has his brother _____ the book?
A.kept
B.bought
C.lent
D.borrowed
7.I’ve never seen such a fine picture _____.
A.ago
B.before
C.yet
ter
8.—Has the foreigner been to many interesting places in Beijing?—Yes, but he has not _____been to many other parts of China.
A.already
B.still
C.yet
D.never
三.Complete the dialogue.
Jack:Hi, Tom.I _____ _____you for a long time.Where _____ you _____?
Tom:I _____ _____ to Xi’an.
Jack:Really?How _____ you _____ there?
Tom:By _____.
Jack:_____ _____did it take you to fly there?
Tom:Less _____ two hours.
Jack:_____ _____did you go there?
Tom:I _____ there _____ a holiday.
Jack:Did you _____ a good time there?
Tom:Yes, I _____ myself very much.
Jack:I’m very _____ _____ hear that.
Tom:_____ a lot.
四．课后反思。