全程训练2018届高考英语一轮总复习 考点集训 形容词和副词

形容词和副词
A 基础达标练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·课标全国卷Ⅰ)From tomorrow，I will be their U. K. ambassador. The title will be ________ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.
2．(2016·课标全国卷Ⅲ)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.
3．(2016·课标全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of ________ (great) and less importance.
4．(2016·四川卷)Chinese scientists recently had a chance to study a wild femal panda with a newborn baby. She was a very ________ (care) mother.
5．(2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ)As ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
6．(2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ)Walls made o f adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ________ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.
7．(2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ)The river was so polluted that it ________ (actual) caught fire and burned.
8．(2015·广东卷)When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was ________ (surprise) helpful.
9．(2014·广东卷)After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months ________ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.
10．(2014·辽宁卷)The ________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.
11．(2016·山东下学期综合测试)Ron had a ________ (success) career and worked for Ford before retiring and leading a relaxed life.
12．As they couldn't play outdoors, they were ________ (happy), and some even got into fights from time to time.
13．(2017·江西红色七校一联)He sat down and started ________ (gentle) talking to the dog.
14．(2017·山东泰安一模)A wise man came along and asked them，“Oh, my dear friends, why are you crying？”“We were ten but now we are only nine，” they replied, and cried even ________ (hard)．
15．(2017·云南师大附中适应性测试)The scientists say that the current warming could have the same effect on mammals and could even make humans ________ (small)．Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1．(2016·课标全国卷Ⅲ)At one time, I eve n felt my parents couldn't understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them.________
2．(2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ)How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.________
3．(2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ)Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.________ 4．(2014·课标全国卷Ⅰ)Since then—for all these years—we have been allowing
tomatoes to self­send where they please. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere.________
5．(2014·课标全国卷Ⅲ)We are gr owing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost！________ 6．(2017·河南百校联盟质检)E­hongbao is actual a kind of lucky money from and to relatives and friends during festivals or on special occasions.________ 7．(2017·湖北七校联考)Last but not least, if we are in dangers, we should call the police immediate.________
8．(2017·湖北黄冈调研)One day in Senior Grade 1, I happened to see an English movie named Speed. It was so interested that I watched it again and again.________
9．(2017·湖南十校共同体联考)When Mr Tang slowly went into the classroom, we could see clear that it was hard for him to leave us though he had taught us for only three months.________
10．(2017·湖南株洲一模)I have found their tips on teaching so usefully.________ Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·陕西一检)When leaving school, I was pleased that my exam results meant that I could study engineering at university. But I also wanted to travel before __1__(start) my course. A friend of mine told me about the British Exploring Society, an __2__(organize) which helps students take a gap year (a year between leaving school and going to college). It has three foreign __3__(journey) a year, taking 16－20­year­olds on science and nature trips. I love being outdoors, and a mountaineering trip to Alaska was on offer. So I signed up (报名) __4__(immediate)．There was one problem, though. I had to raise a huge amount of money __5__ the trip. It was a big task, but I managed to make __6__. I washed cars, worked in a cafe and also __7__(sell) off some of my old books, clothes and CDs. Then as I was about to start out, I started worrying. Can I do this? Am I fit enough?
Seventy of us traveled to Alaska. The first two days after our __8__(arrive) were spent in a school hall preparing our equipment and five tons of food. Then we left for the beautiful Talkeetna Mountains. On the trip we dug paths and recognized plant species. Then we climbed a mountain __9__ was over 6,000 feet high. It was tiring but exciting.
Looking back, a gap year was so right for me. I learned a lot about accepting other people for what they are. We had to help each other and it made me less selfish. My gap year has also made me __10__ (much) able to concentrate than before. Now, whenever I'm worried about anything, I think I did Alaska—I can do this.
Ⅳ.短文改错
It was dinner time. Mr. and Mrs. Smith were about to begin their dinner then they found that their son, Mike, wasn't there yet. So Mrs. Smith urged that her husband went to find him. Mr. Smith went to Mike's room but found Mike lying face down on the floor, read a book. He was laughing! Mr. Smith told him to go for dinner, and he left quite unwilling. Wondering that what absorbed his son so much, Mr. Smith took the look at the book. Now Mrs. Smith and Mike were at the table, waiting Mr. Smith. She got quite impatient and sent her son for his father. Mike went back to his room. To his great surprised, he saw his father lying on the floor, reading the same storybook of hers!
B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Kentucky Derby is a horse race held annually in Louisville, Kentucky, United States on the first Saturday in May. Here are some helpful suggestions for your first trip to the Kentucky Derby!
Fashion vs. Comfort
In many ways, the Kentucky Derby is the world's largest and most entertaining fashion show, with impressive hats and clothes! You'll be on your feet and walking a lot, so pack a pair of comfortable shoes to change into during the day.
Your Tickets
You MUST have your tickets in order to get through the gates. Please note the only place that has official permission to buy and resell Kentucky Derby tickets is the Kentucky Derby Ticket Exchange. Law enforcement officials will be on site to prevent people from selling tickets at a much higher price.
If you have questions about your tickets in advance of the Derby, please call Churchill Downs customer service at 502－636－4400.
Finding Help
With over 14,000 employees throughout the track on Derby day, you aren't too far from someone who can help. If you cannot find an employee to help you, please text the world HORSE to 69050 and you will be placed in touch with Guest Services.
Safety & Security
For the safety of all our guests, your bag may be searched by security. A number of items are forbidden from entering the facility (场所)．
For security and crowd control reasons, you cannot enter the facility again after you get out. This means that you will not be able to go outside the gates to fetch items from your car once you have passed through security. Please be sure to bring everything you need.
1．What is the dressing tip?
A. Dress in popular sports clothes.
B. Prepare a pair of comfortable shoes.
C. Bring several sets of clothes to change into.
D. Put on a hat to provide protection from the sun.
2．What should you do if you want to resell your ticket?
A. Go to the Kentucky Derby Ticket Exchange.
B. Call Churchill Downs customer service.
C. Consult law enforcement officials.
D. Find a buyer by yourself.
3．What can we learn from Safety & Security?
A. You cannot enter the facility after the game begins.
B. You can bring whatever you need into the facility.
C. Your car needs to be examined by security.
D. You are not allowed to re­enter the facility.
B
My name is Luca Lampariello. People always ask me how I learned 11 languages. Here I would like to answer this question, taking English, French and Dutch(荷兰语)as examples.
English
English was already a world language by the time I turned 10 in 1991. I struggled at first. Grammar explanations confused me, and the material was boring. Then my parents hired a private English tutor. She set me on the right path to learning and, most importantly, learning to love language. My aunt bought me The Hardy Boys for my birthday and after that there was no looking back. I started reading a lot of books in English. The combination of reading books, watching movies every day and
talking to my tutor once a week for two years worked wonders. By the age of 15 I was fluent in English.
French
I started learning French around the same time as I started learning English and faced many of the same problems. That all changed when I discovered that I could watch French TV. I started watching two hours every day after dinner. By the age of 15 I was fluent in French. A few hours of television a day did more than the previous three years in middle school.
Dutch
I met Lotte, a Dutch girl, while camping in Northern Sardinia. She didn't speak much English and we both became frustrated at our inability to communicate, so I decided to learn Dutch. Lotte and I lost touch later, but the language stayed with me. People insisted that Dutch was a completely useless language—they all speak English—but I stuck to it. I read books and magazines that my friends would bring back from the Netherlands. I knew I would use the language sooner or later. Now I speak Dutch every day with my Dutch housemate. Speaking Dutch has become easy, effortless and interesting.
To those who ask me why I like learning so many languages I always reply：“I don't live to learn languages, I learn languages to live a better life”．4．What was the most important effect of the private English tutor on the author?
A. She led him to love language.
B. She often talked to him in English.
C. She explained the rules of English.
D. She taught him how to learn languages.
5．Who inspired the author to read books in English?
A. His aunt.
B. His friend.
C. His parents.
D. His English tutor.
6．How did the author master French?
A. By living in France.
B. By reading books in French.
C. By watching French TV regularly.
D. By watching many French movies.
7．Why did the author learn Dutch at the beginning?
A. To work in the Netherlands.
B. To communicate with a girl.
C. Because it was used worldwide.
D. Because many people spoke Dutch.
C
Educating girls and young women is a necessary act for a peaceful and poverty­free world. Until we give them equal access to a good quality education, the world will continue to suffer from the serious consequences of child marriage, disease, and inequalities.
Education is linked to the age at which women marry and have children. In sub­Saharan Africa and in South and West Asia, child marriage affects one in eight girls, one in seven gives birth by the age of 17. Education can give these girls a say in their life choices—by giving them the confidence to speak up for their rights, and to demand the opportunity to continue their studies.
Studies show that if all girls in sub­Saharan Africa and South and West Asia had primary education, there would be 14 percent fewer child marriages. If all girls received secondary education, 64 percent fewer girls would be locked into marriage at an age when they should still be in school.
Moreover, education_is_closely_linked_to_health. There is strong evidence that educated girls are far more likely to be able to protect their children from preventable diseases, and to avoid malnutrition(营养不良) in their children's early years. Malnutrition is not only about food: it starts with poverty, which can be avoided if women receive the education they need to earn a living. When a young woman becomes a wage­earner(挣工资的人) for her family, she has a better likelihood of taking effective action to get rid of poverty.
Providing girls with a quality education also equips them with the confidence to challenge the inequalities that still exist for girls and women worldwide. Consider Mariam Khalique, a teacher in Pakistan who has used education to build her female students' confidence and to encourage them to stand up for their rights. One of her pupils was the young education activist Malala Yousafzai, whose global advocacy work is proof of the transformative power of quality schooling.
Educating girls and young women is still one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. However, we must remember that education transforms lives.
8．What purpose do the figures in Paragraph 3 serve?
A. To encourage more girls to take over their lives.
B. To show education can prevent child marriage.
C. To describe the unhappiness of child marriage.
D. To prove more girls are receiving education.
9．What does the author mean by “education is closely linked to health” in Paragraph 4?
A. Malnourished kids should receive better education.
B. Education lets kids know how to prevent diseases.
C. Educated mothers can make their kids healthier.
D. Healthy girls are likely to get more education.
10．What can we learn about Khalique?
A. She was taught by Yousafzai.
B. She is a fighter for female rights.
C. She has created a new teaching method.
D. She offers quality schooling worldwide.
11．Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
D
Delhi is an excellent place to taste the best of Indian food. Here are the four top restaurants there.
Bukhara
Bukhara is probably the most famous restaurant in India. It's got many awards. There's plenty of hype(广告) surrounding this restaurant. Above all, the US presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama have dined there.
Ph：(＋91 11)26115588
Opening Hours: 11：30 a．m. to 9：45 p．m. on weekdays and 7：30 a．m. to 11：45 p．m. on weekends.
Varq
The Martaban ka Meat, the cooked lamb, is one of the restaurant's popular signature dishes. There are plenty of options for vegetarians (素食者) as well. If you're looking for a fine family dining experience, head to Varq, as young children are now welcome.
Ph：(＋91 11)23026162
Opening Hours: From 11：30 a．m. to 9：45 p．m. on weekdays; from 8：00 a．m. to 12：00 p．m. on weekends.
Dum Pukht
This restaurant delivers a royal dining experience. It has a 200­year­old technique of slow roasting in sealed pots over a very low flame. This allows the meat to cook in its own juices. As you can imagine, it's a non­vegetarian's delight!
Ph：(＋91 11)2611 2233
Opening Hours: 11：30 a．m. to 11：45 p．m. on weekdays, 7：30 a．m. to 11：45 p．m. on weekends.
Dakshin
It will offer your taste buds (味蕾) some of the best, and most unusual, flavors from the south. You'll be pleasantly surprised to discover quite a few traditional dishes on the menu that are usually not found in the local restaurants.
Ph：(＋91 11)42661122
Opening Hours: 11：30 a．m. to 9：45 p．m. on weekdays; 10：30 a．m. to 11：45 p．m. on weekends.
12．What is Bukhara most famous for?
A. Its awards.
B. Its long history.
C. Its special guests.
D. Its unique decoration.
13．Which restaurant should you choose if you want various vegetables?
A. Varq
B. Dakshin.
C. Bukhara.
D. Dum Pukht.
14．What can you find in Dakshin?
A. Dishes for vegetarians.
B. Rare traditional dishes.
C. Special dishes for kids.
D. Unique roasting dishes.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2016·辽宁省沈阳市四校上学期期中联考)
__1__Most start with small talk on a random day. Asking about the homework in class or complaining about your tired legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident. The following is a four­step guide to making small talk.
1. Getting started
Begin by talking about the surroundings, such as the weather outside or the room you are in.__2__
2. looking for topics
At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you've said or heard earlier. __3__ The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.
3. Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But don't let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. __4__
4. Ending politely
When ending a conversation, let the person know you'll be leaving soon, express
appreciation for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say, “I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. __5__ Here's my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
A. Don't worry if it gets quiet.
B. How did your friendships begin?
C. Small talk is where all your relationships begin.
D. It's important to mention something about yourself.
E. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie.
F. The purpose is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
G. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
A 基础达标练
1．解析：设空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填officially。

答案：officially
2．解析：句意为：小块食物可以很容易地用树枝夹着吃，这些树枝就慢慢地演变成了筷子。

修饰谓语turned，作状语，需用副词。

故填gradually。

答案：gradually
3．解析：本空所填词汇和比较级less是并列关系且在语境中有比较含义。

答案：greater
4．解析：她是一个非常仔细的/充满爱心的妈妈。

修饰名词应用形容词形式。

答案：careful/caring
5．解析：根据后面的名词，根据形修名原则，这里要用形容词，修饰后面的名词architects。

即natural。

答案：natural
6．解析：根据动词短语give out判断，此短语有宾语the heat，后面不需要再带有名词之类的词，因此可以判断出这里所给词一定修饰该动词短语，得用副词。

答案：slowly
7．解析：空处所填词修饰动词caught和burned，所以要用副词形式actually，意为“事实上，实际上”。

答案：actually
8．解析：本空后的helpful是一个形容词，修饰形容词应该用副词。

答案：surprisingly
9．解析：解此题关键在于本句中的had made，作者在到达之前就提前六个月预订了房间。

本句暗含比较，意思是“早在六个月前”。

答案：earlier
10．解析：本句是一个固定句式：the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..表示“越……就越……”；你越用力打击他，你越可能被击中。

可知用hard的比较级形式harder。

答案：harder
11．解析：句意为：在退休过轻松日子之前，罗恩在福特公司工作，他的事业很成功。

名词career前需用形容词作定语，故答案为successful。

答案：successful
12．解析：句意：由于他们不能去外面玩，所以他们不高兴，甚至有些孩子不断打架斗殴。

根据上下文逻辑可推知设空处为形容词unhappy(不高兴)作表语。

答案：unhappy
13．解析：句意：他坐了下来开始温柔地和狗谈了起来。

此处需用副词gently作talking 的状语。

答案：gently
14．解析：句意：一位智者走了过来，问道：“噢，我亲爱的朋友们，你们为什么哭啊？”“我们本来10个人，可现在我们只有9个人了。

”他们回答道，甚至哭得更厉害了。

根据句意以及设空处前的even可知此处需用副词的比较级形式作cried的状语。

答案：harder
15．解析：句意为：科学家宣称当前的气候变暖可能会对哺乳动物有同样的影响，甚至可能会使人类变得更小。

根据句意可知，此处含有比较意义，故应用比较级。

答案：smaller
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1．解析：句意：我甚至一度觉得父母不能理解我，于是我希望能够不受他们的束缚。

系动词be后用形容词。

答案：freely→free
2．解析： 此处修饰形容词worried ，故用副词形式。

答案：terrible→terribly
3．解析：before 用在完成时态中；ago 常与three days(months ，weeks)等连用，而且和动词的过去时连用。

答案： before→ago
4．解析：句意：从那时起，这些年来，我们一直在让西红柿种子随便播种，结果，植物到处生长。

答案：somewhere→everywhere
5．解析：此处修饰名词tomatoes ，故用该词的形容词形式。

答案：wonderfully→wonderful
6．答案：actual→actually
7．答案：immediate→immediately
8．答案：interested→interesting
9．答案：clear→clearly
10．答案：usefully→useful
Ⅲ.语法填空
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了作者在间隔年的经历。

1．starting 考查非谓语动词。

before 是介词，后接动词­ing 形式。

2．organization 考查名词。

空格前有冠词，因此需要用名词。

3．journeys 考查名词的数。

journey 为可数名词，前文中的three 表示此处应该用复数形式。

4．immediately 查副词。

修饰动词短语signed up 要用副词。

5．for 考查介词。

介词for 在此处表示目的。

6．it 考查代词。

make it 为固定短语，表示“获得成功”。

7．sold 考查动词时态。

句中的washed ，worked 和空处为并列谓语，故用一般过去时。

8．arrival 考查名词。

由空格前的our 可知此处需要用名词。

9．which/that 考查定语从句。

先行词为a mountain 。

空处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which 或that 。

10．more 考查比较级。

根据下文中的“than before”可知要用比较级。

Ⅳ.短文改错
答案： It was dinner time. Mr. and Mrs. Smith were about to begin their dinner then when
they found that their son, Mike, wasn't there yet. So Mrs. Smith urged that her husband went go to find him. Mr. Smith went to Mike's room but and
found Mike lying face
down on the floor, read reading
a book. He was laughing! Mr. Smith told him to go for dinner, and he left quite unwilling unwillingly . Wondering that what absorbed his son so much, Mr.
Smith took the a
look at the book. Now Mrs. Smith and Mike were at the table, waiting
∧for
Mr. Smith. She got quite impatient and sent her son for his father. Mike went back to his room. To his great surprised surprise
， he saw his father lying on the floor, reading the same storybook of hers his
！
B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
语篇解读：本文是应用文。

文章介绍了初次看肯塔基赛马会的一些注意事项。

1．B 细节理解题。

根据Fashion fort部分中的so pack a pair of comfortable shoes to change into during the day可知答案。

2．A 细节理解题。

根据Your Tickets部分中的the only place that has official permission to buy and resell Kentucky Derby tickets is the Kentucky Derby Ticket Exchange可知答案。

3. D 细节理解题。

根据Safety & Security部分中的you cannot enter the facility again after you get out可知答案。

语篇解读：本文是记叙文。

文章介绍了作者学习语言的经历和方法。

4．A 细节理解题。

由第二段中的She set me on the right path to learning and, most importantly, learning to love language可知，作者的英语家教对他最大的影响是引导他爱上了语言。

5．A 细节理解题。

由第二段中的My aunt bought me The Hardy Boys for my birthday and after that there was no looking back可知，作者的阿姨启发作者读英文书。

6．C 细节理解题。

由第三段中的I started watching two hours every day after dinner. By the age of 15 I was fluent in French可知，作者通过定期观看法语台的电视节目掌握了法语。

7．B 细节理解题。

由第四段开头的I met Lotte, a Dutch girl...frustrated at our inability to communicate, so I decided to learn Dutch可知，作者为了和一位荷兰女孩交流决定学习荷兰语。

语篇解读：本文是议论文。

文章论述了让贫困国家的女孩和女性受教育的重要性。

8．B 推理判断题。

根据第三段中的there would be 14 percent fewer child marriages 及64 percent fewer girls would be locked into marriage at an age when they should still be in school不难看出，这些数据说明了教育能够防止童婚。

9．C 句意理解题。

根据第四段内容可知，受过教育的母亲能保护她们的孩子少得病并且避免营养不良，也就是说，受过教育的母亲能够让孩子更健康。

10．B 细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的used education to build her female students' confidence and to encourage them to stand up for their rights可知，Khalique 是一位为女性权利奋战的斗士。

11．C 篇章结构题。

本文的主体结构是“总—分—总”。

作者分别从教育能够有效防止童婚(第二、三段)、提高孩子们的健康水平(第四段)并且使得女性站出来争取自己的权利(第五段)三个方面说明让贫困国家的女孩和女性受教育的重要性。

语篇解读：本文是应用文。

文章介绍了印度德里的四家著名餐馆。

12．C 细节题。

由Bukhara部分的Above all, the US presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama have dined there可知，这家餐馆最有名之处在于曾有两位美国总统来此就餐。

13．A 细节理解题。

由Varq部分的There are plenty of options for vegetarians as well可知。

14．B 细节理解题。

由Dakshin部分的You'll be pleasantly surprised to discover quite a few traditional dishes on the menu that are usually not found in the local restaurants可知，这家餐馆有罕见的传统菜肴。

Ⅱ.七选五
语篇解读：人们之间的友谊是怎么开始的？大部分是从随意的闲聊开始的，通过聊天你能找到你最好的朋友。

本文介绍了闲聊的四个步骤，即开始话题、寻找话题、扩大话题、礼貌收尾。

1．B 空后讲到大部分友谊是从某一天的闲聊开始的，而B项讲到“你的友谊是怎么开始的呢？”正好与下文衔接自然，所以B项符合语境，其中begin和start相呼应。

2．F 根据上句“Begin by talking about the surroundings, such as the weather outside or the room you are in.”可知，谈论周围环境的目的是为了引起话题，所以F 项符合语境。

3．A 根据下句“另一个人可能刚好在思考要说些什么”可知，A项“如果气氛突然变得安静，不要担心”和下文相呼应，下文是对前面气氛变得安静的原因进行解释，故选A 项。

4．G根据上句内容But don't let the other person dominate(支配) the conversation either“但也不要让对方支配谈话”可知，此处内容是对上句的进一步阐述，G项If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath“如果发生以上情况，趁他/她喘气(休息)时，说一些你自己的事情”符合上下文语境。

5.E 根据上下文语境，特别是最后一句话“Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”可知，上文谈论的话题是对电影的评价，本句“any other movies”与E项中的“that new movie”相呼应，符合上下文语境。

故选E项。