Optimal Wireless Network Performance
wireless manageability 感叹号
Wireless ManageabilityIntroductionWireless manageability refers to the ability to effectively and efficiently manage wireless networks. With the increasing use of wireless technologies in various industries, managing these networks has become crucial. This article will explore the concept of wireless manageability, including its benefits, challenges, and best practices.Benefits of Wireless Manageability1.Increased flexibility: Wireless manageability allows for greaterflexibility in network deployment and configuration. It enablesorganizations to quickly adapt to changes and scale their networks as needed.2.Cost-effective: Wireless manageability reduces the need forphysical infrastructure, such as cabling. This not only savesinstallation costs but also makes it easier to reconfigure andexpand the network without additional expenses.3.Remote access: With wireless manageability, network administratorscan remotely monitor and manage networks from any location. Thiseliminates the need for on-site personnel, leading to improvedefficiency and reduced downtime.4.Centralized control: Wireless manageability provides a centralizedplatform for managing multiple access points and devices. Thissimplifies network administration and reduces the chances oferrors or inconsistencies.5.Enhanced security: Wireless manageability enables theimplementation of advanced security measures, such as encryptionprotocols and authentication mechanisms. This ensures that thenetwork is protected from unauthorized access and data breaches.Challenges in Wireless Manageability1.Interference: Wireless networks are susceptible to interferencefrom other devices, such as microwaves or neighboring networks.Managing and mitigating these interference issues can bechallenging and requires careful planning and monitoring.2.Scalability: As the number of wireless devices and users increases,scaling the network infrastructure becomes a challenge. Ensuringseamless connectivity and optimal performance for all users iscrucial in wireless manageability.3.Bandwidth management: With the growing demand for high-speedinternet and bandwidth-intensive applications, managing bandwidthallocation and prioritization becomes essential. Failure to do socan result in network congestion and slow performance.4.Security vulnerabilities: Wireless networks are more vulnerable tosecurity threats compared to wired networks. Managing and securing the network infrastructure, including access points,authentication mechanisms, and encryption protocols, is criticalto prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.Best Practices for Wireless Manageabilitywork planning: Proper planning and design are essential foreffective wireless manageability. This includes choosing the right hardware, strategically placing access points, and consideringfactors like coverage, capacity, and interference.2.Regular monitoring: Continuous monitoring of the wireless networkenables proactive detection and resolution of issues. Networkadministrators should monitor performance metrics, security logs,and network traffic patterns to identify potential problems andtake appropriate actions.3.Firmware and software updates: Keeping the firmware and softwareof wireless devices up-to-date is crucial for network stabilityand security. Regular updates help address known vulnerabilitiesand improve overall performance and compatibility.4.Access control: Implementing strong access control measures, suchas secure authentication methods and user policies, is essentialto ensure network security. This includes using strong passwords,enabling two-factor authentication, and regularly reviewing useraccess privileges.5.Performance optimization: Network administrators should regularlyoptimize the wireless network for better performance. Thisincludes adjusting transmit power, optimizing channel allocation, and fine-tuning Quality of Service (QoS) settings.6.Regular backups: Regularly backing up network configurations andother critical data is crucial for disaster recovery and business continuity. This ensures that network settings can be quicklyrestored in case of any issues or system failures.7.Employee training: Providing employees with proper training onwireless network usage, security protocols, and best practices is essential. This helps avoid common mistakes, such as connecting to unsecured networks or falling for phishing attempts, which cancompromise network security.ConclusionWireless manageability plays a significant role in the effective management of wireless networks. By providing increased flexibility, cost-effectiveness, and centralized control, wireless manageability enables organizations to optimize their networks for improved performance and security. However, it also presents challenges like interference, scalability, and security vulnerabilities, which must be addressed through proper planning, monitoring, and implementation of best practices. By following these best practices, organizations can successfully manage their wireless networks and ensure seamless connectivity and optimal performance for users.。
艾默生无线现场链路快速入门指南说明书
Quick Start Guide00825-0100-4421, Rev DDMay 2023 Emerson Wireless Field LinkQuick Start Guide May 2023This guide provides basic guidelines for the Emerson Wireless Field Link. It does not provide instructions for diagnostics, maintenance, service, or troubleshooting. This guide is alsoavailable electronically on .WARNINGFailure to follow these installation guidelines could result in death or serious injury.Ensure only qualified personnel perform the installation.Explosions could result in death or serious injury.Installation of the transmitters in a hazardous environment must be in accordance with the appropriate local, national, and international standards, codes, and practices. Kindly review the Product Certifications section for any restrictions associated with a safe installation.Electrical shock could cause death or serious injury.Avoid contact with the leads and terminals. High voltage that may be present on leads cancause electrical shock.This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following conditions:This device may not cause harmful interference.This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may causeundesired operation.This device must be installed to ensure a minimum antenna separation distance of 8-in. (20 cm) from all persons.ContentsWireless considerations (3)Physical installation (6)Verify operation (8)Reference information (9)Declaration of Conformity (11)Product certifications (14)/Rosemount1 Wireless considerations1.1 Power up sequenceTo achieve a simpler and faster network installation, verify thefollowing before the power modules are installed in any wireless fielddevices:•Emerson Wireless Field Link is installed and functioning properly•Wireless I/O is installed and functioning properly•Beginning with the closest, wireless field devices are powered upin order of proximity to the Wireless Field Link1.2 Mounting locationMount the Wireless Field Link in a location that allows convenientaccess to the host system network (wireless I/O) as well as thewireless field device network.Find a location where the Wireless Field Link has optimal wirelessperformance. Ideally this will be 15 to 25 ft. (4,6 to 7,6 m) above theground or 6 ft. (2 m) above obstructions or major infrastructure.A Control roomB GroundC Field linkD Mast or pipeE InfrastructureMay 2023Quick Start Guide Quick Start Guide3Quick Start Guide May 2023 1.3 Antenna positionPosition the antenna vertically, either straight up or straight down.Verify a distance of at least 3 ft. (1 m) is maintained from anylarge structure, building, or conductive surface to allow for clearcommunication to other devices.Figure 1-2: Antenna Position1.4 Conduit plugReplace the temporary orange plugs with the included conduit plugsusing approved thread sealant.Figure 1-3: Conduit PlugsAAA Conduit plug/Rosemount1.5 Intended useThe Wireless Field Link must be used in conjunction with a networkmanager or network Gateway. The Wireless Field Link then functionsas a translator between the wired network and a wireless fieldnetwork.Figure 1-4: Example System ArchitectureABC DEFA Host systemB Control networkC Network managerD Field linkE Wireless field networkF Wireless field devicesMay 2023Quick Start Guide Quick Start Guide5Quick Start Guide May 2023 2 Physical installation2.1 Pipe mountingProcedure1.Insert larger U-bolt around 2-in. pipe/mast, through thesaddle, through the L-shaped bracket, and through the washerplate.e a 1/2-in. socket-head wrench to fasten the nuts to theU-bolt.3.Insert smaller U-bolt around base the Wireless Field Link andthrough the L-shaped bracket.e a 1/2-in. socket-head wrench to fasten the nuts to theU-bolt.Figure 2-1: Mounting2.2 Power and data wiringWARNINGThe 781 Wireless Field Link data communication terminals A (+) and B(-) must never be connected directly to a power supply. Doing so maydamage the device.After removing the terminal block cover, the communicationterminals (Data A and Data B) are on the left side of the terminalblock. Connecting these terminals to anything other than thecorresponding data terminals of the 1410S or 1410D Gateway maydamage the 781 Wireless Field Link.Procedure1.Remove housing cover labeled “Field Terminals.”/Rosemount2.Connect the positive power lead to the “+” power terminal and the negative power lead to the “–” terminal.3.Connect the Data + lead to the “A (+)” terminal and the Data –lead to the “B (–)” terminal.4.Plug and seal any unused conduit connections.5.Replace the housing cover.Figure 2-2: Emerson Wireless Field Link Terminal DiagramABCD2.3 GroundingGround the Wireless Field Link enclosure in accordance with national and local electrical codes. The most effective grounding method is a direct connection to earth ground with minimal impedance. Ground the Wireless Field Link by connecting the external ground lug to earth ground. The connection should be 1 Ω or less.May 2023Quick Start GuideQuick Start Guide 7Quick Start Guide May 2023 3 Verify operation3.1 Power-up sequenceUpon applying power to the Wireless Field link the LCD display meterwill activate and display a series of startup screen. The followingscreens are displayed during startup:1.Startup Screen 1 – All segments on2.Startup Screen 2 – Device identification3.Startup Screen 3 – Tag4.Startup Screen 4 – Status3.2 Normal operationAfter the initial startup screens are displayed, the Wireless Field Linkwill cycle through the following periodic screens:1.Electronics Temperature Screen2.Percent Range Screen3.Wired Interface Usage4.Radio Interface UsageThe Wireless Field Link continues to rotate through each periodicscreen through the course of normal operation. If any diagnosticor fault condition occurs, a corresponding diagnostics screen willappear./Rosemount4 Reference informationFigure 4-1: Emerson Wireless Field Link Terminal DiagramABCDNoteThe Emerson Wireless Field Link requires separate twisted shield pairs (four wires) for power and data.May 2023Quick Start GuideQuick Start Guide 9Quick Start Guide May 2023 Figure 4-2: Emerson Wireless Field Link Dimensional DrawingTable 4-1: Emerson Wireless Field Link Specificationsabove maximum ambient temperature./Rosemount5 Declaration of ConformityMay 2023Quick Start GuideQuick Start Guide 11Quick Start Guide May 2023/RosemountMay 2023Quick Start GuideQuick Start Guide13Quick Start Guide May 2023 6 Product certificationsRev 2.36.1 European Directive InformationA copy of the EU Declaration of Conformity can be found at theend of the Quick Start Guide. The most recent revision of the EUDeclaration of Conformity can be found at .6.2 Ordinary Location CertificationAs standard, the transmitter has been examined and tested todetermine that the design meets the basic electrical, mechanical,and fire protection requirements by a nationally recognized testlaboratory (NRTL) as accredited by the Federal Occupational Safetyand Health Administration (OSHA).6.3 Installing in North AmericaThe US National Electrical Code® (NEC) and the Canadian ElectricalCode (CEC) permit the use of Division marked equipment in Zonesand Zone marked equipment in Divisions. The markings must besuitable for the area classification, gas, and temperature class. Thisinformation is clearly defined in the respective codes.6.4 USAI5 USA Intrinsic SafetyCertificate80011697Markings Class I, II, III Division 1 Groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G T4; ClassI, II, III Division 2, Groups A, B, C, D, F, G T4 T4(-40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C); Class I Zone 0, AEx ia IIC T4 Ga; Class I Zone 2,AEx ic IIC T4 Gc; Zone 21 AEx ia IIIC T90 °C Db; Zone 22AEx ic IIIC T90 °C DcStandards FM 3600:2011, FM 3610:2018, FM 3611:2018, ANSI/UL60079-0:2019, ANSI/UL 60079-11:2014Warnings/Conditions of Acceptability1.Installed as per. Control drawing 01410-1300 for Hazardousand Non-Hazardous areas.2.Must be installed with a Resistive Barrier./RosemountMay 2023Quick Start Guide3.The plastic enclosure may constitute a potential electrostaticignition risk and must not be rubbed or cleaned with a drycloth.4.The measured capacitance between the equipment enclosureand metallic conduit adapter is 21pF. This must be consideredonly when the Model 781S is integrated into a system wherethe process connection is not grounded.6.5 CanadaI1 Canada Intrinsic SafetyCertificate80011697Markings Class I, II, III Division 1 Groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G T4; ClassI, II, III Division 2, Groups A, B, C, D, F, G T4 T4(-40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C); Ex ia IIC T4 Ga; Ex ic IIC T4 Gc; Ex ia IIIC T90 °CDb; Ex ic IIIC T90 °C DcStandards CAN/CSA C22.2 No 60079-0:2019, CAN/CSA C22.2 No.60079-11:2014, CSA C22.2 No.213 – 2017Warnings1.Installed as per. Control drawing 01410-1300 for Hazardousand Non-Hazardous areas.2.Must be installed with a Resistive Barrier.3.The plastic enclosure may constitute a potential electrostaticignition risk and must not be rubbed or cleaned with a drycloth.4.The measured capacitance between the equipment enclosureand metallic conduit adapter is 21pF. This must be consideredonly when the Model 781S is integrated into a system wherethe process connection is not grounded.6.6 EuropeI1 ATEX Intrinsic SafetyCertificate Baseefa11ATEX0059XStandards EN IEC 60079-0:2018, EN 60079-11: 2012Markings II 1 G Ex ia IIC T4 Ga, T4(–40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C)Quick Start Guide May 2023Special Conditions for Safe Use (X)1.The plastic antenna may present a potential electrostaticignition hazard and must not be rubbed or cleaned with a drycloth.2.The Rosemount 781 enclosure is made of aluminum alloy andgiven a protective paint finish; however, care should be takento protect it from impact or abrasion if located in a zone 0environment.3.The apparatus is not capable of withstanding the 500 Visolation test required by EN 60079-11. This must be taken intoaccount when installing the apparatus.6.7 InternationalI7 IECEx Intrinsic SafetyCertificate IECEx BAS 11.0028XStandards IEC 60079-0: 2011, IEC 60079-11: 2011Markings Ex ia IIC T4 Ga, T4(–40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C)Special Conditions for Safe Use (X)1.The plastic antenna may present a potential electrostaticignition hazard and must not be rubbed or cleaned with a drycloth./RosemountMay 2023Quick Start Guide2.The Rosemount 781 enclosure is made of aluminum alloy andgiven a protective paint finish; however, care should be takento protect it from impact or abrasion if located in a zone 0environment3.The apparatus is not capable of withstanding the 500 Visolation test required by EN 60079-11. This must be taken intoaccount when installing the apparatus.6.8 EAC – Belarus, Kazakhstan, RussiaIM (EAC) Intrinsic SafetyCertificate RU C-US.Gb05.B.00643Markings0Ex ia IIC T4 Ga XSpecial Conditions for Safe Use (X)1.See certificate for special conditions.6.9 JapanI4 CML Intrinsic SafetyCertificate CML20JPN2401XMarkings Ex ia IIC T4 Ga (-40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C), Ex ic IIC T4 Gc (-40°C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C)Special Conditions for Safe Use (X)See certificate.6.10 BrazilI2 INMETRO Intrinsic Safety (Rev 1 Only)Certificate UL-BR 20.1568XQuick Start Guide17Quick Start Guide May 2023 Markings Ex ia IIC T4 Ga (-40 °C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C), Ex ic IIC T4 Gc (-40°C ≤ T a≤ +70 °C)Standards ABNT NBR IEC 60079-0:2013, ABNT NBR IEC60079-11:2013Special Conditions for Safe Use (X)See certificate.6.11 ChinaI3 NEPSI本质安全证书GYJ20.1394X（CCC 认证）所用标准GB3836.1 – 2010, GB3836.4 – 2010, GB3836.20-2010标志Ex ia IIC T4 Ga特殊使用条件(X)1.产品外壳含有轻金属，用于0区时需注意防止由于冲击或摩擦产生的点燃危险。
Wireless-Networks(5)
Wireless NetworksWireless networks have become an integral part of our daily lives, providing us with the convenience and flexibility to stay connected from anywhere. However, they also come with their own set of challenges and problems that can impact their performance and reliability. In this response, I will address some of the common problems associated with wireless networks, including interference, security concerns, and connectivity issues, while also discussing potential solutions and best practices to mitigate these issues. One of the most prevalent issues with wireless networks is interference, which can result from various sources such as other electronic devices, neighboring networks, or physical obstructions. This interference can cause disruptions in the wireless signal, leading to slow or unreliable connections. To address this problem, it is essential to identify the source of interference and take steps to minimize its impact. This can involve repositioning the wireless router, using devices that operate on different frequencies, or investing in signal boosters to improve coverage. Another significant concern with wireless networks is security. With the increasing prevalence of cyber threats and attacks, ensuring the security of a wireless network is crucial. Without proper security measures in place, wireless networks are vulnerable to unauthorized access, data breaches, and other malicious activities. To mitigate these risks, it is essential to implement strong encryption protocols, such as WPA2 or WPA3, and regularly update passwords to prevent unauthorized access. Additionally, enabling features such as network segmentation and guest networks can help enhance the overall security posture of the wireless network. In addition to interference and security issues, connectivity problems are also common in wireless networks. Dead zones, where the wireless signal is weak or nonexistent, can be a significant challenge, especially in larger or multi-story buildings. To address this issue, strategically placing wireless access points and repeaters can help extend the coverage area and improve connectivity in dead zones. Furthermore, utilizing mesh networking technology can create a more robust and seamless wireless network by enabling devices to connect to the nearest access point, thereby reducing connectivity issues. Moreover, the increasing number of connected devices in modern households and workplaces canstrain wireless networks, leading to performance issues and slow speeds. This problem, known as network congestion, can be alleviated by upgrading to a higher bandwidth or utilizing advanced technologies such as MU-MIMO (multi-user, multiple input, multiple output) to enable the router to communicate with multiple devices simultaneously. Additionally, optimizing the placement of wireless devices and minimizing the use of bandwidth-intensive applications can help alleviate network congestion and improve overall performance. Furthermore, the rapid advancement of wireless technology and the proliferation of IoT (Internet of Things) devices have introduced new complexities and challenges for wireless networks. The sheer volume of connected devices, each with its unique requirements and demands, can place a strain on the network infrastructure and impact its performance. To address this issue, implementing network management tools and solutions, such as Quality of Service (QoS) settings and device prioritization, can help optimize the network to accommodate the diverse needs of connected devices. In conclusion, wireless networks offer unparalleled convenience and flexibility, but they also come with their fair share of challenges and problems. Interference, security concerns, connectivity issues, network congestion, and the complexities introduced by IoT devices are all significant issues that can impact the performance and reliability of wireless networks. However, by implementing best practices, such as optimizing the placement of wireless devices, securing the network with robust encryption, and utilizing advanced technologies like mesh networking and MU-MIMO, many of these problems can be mitigated. As wireless technology continues to evolve, it is essential for users and organizations to stay informed about emerging challenges and adopt proactive measures to ensure the optimal performance and security of their wireless networks.。
Wireless mesh networks
Client WMNs
Client meshing provides peer-to peer networks among client devices. 执行routing和self-configuration,不需要mesh router
Client WMNs
特性: 一个封包要传送到指定的目的地,需要经过多 个中间的节点转送才能到目的地节点. 通常使用同一种无线电技术所构成 . the requirements on end-user devices is increased when compared to infrastructure meshing,
目前,企业的无线通信系统大都采 用传统的cellular network,为用户 提供点到点和点到多点传输.
无线Mesh network则不同, 它允许 network 用户共享频宽,消除了目前 单跳网络的瓶颈,并且能够实现 network负载的动态平衡.
Metropolitan area networks
Characteristic
增大现有无线网路的覆盖范围,同时不牺牲通 道容量(channel capacity). 在没有direct line-of-sight(LOS)的用户之间提 供non-line-of-sight(NLOS)连结. 可以使用较短的link距离实现更高的吞吐量而 不牺牲有效无线电的范围. 节点间干扰小,频率再利用率就会更有效率.
Physical layer
MIMO(multiple-input, multiple-output ) M,N,K,L的值>1 MIMO的运作方式说明: 在相同频率与时间内,利用多重天线传输两或多个独立的资料串 流(Data Streams);当讯号传送过程中遇到障碍物时会出现反弹或 散射;而各自的讯号分别在不同的时间,角度,衰减情况下会到 达接收端;并藉由多重天线来汇集散射的讯号. 接收器内的数位讯号处理器(DSP)会针对这些讯号藉由运算执行来 重整为资料串流.由於有多重天线之故,因此让进入数位讯号处 理器(DSP)的讯号量增加,也使其能够取得更正确且快速的重整资 料串流.
华为 AP6750-10T 无线访问点数据手册说明书
Huawei AP6750-10T Access Point DatasheetProduct OverviewHuawei AP6750-10T is an access point (AP) that supports 802.11ac Wave 2, has built-in adaptive array antennas, and provides triple radios: one 2.4 GHz radio and two 5 GHz radios. The 2.4 GHz radio supports 2x2 MIMO and two spatial streams, one 5 GHz radio supports 2x2 MIMO and two spatial streams, and the other 5 GHz radio supports 4x4 MIMO and four spatial streams. AP6750-10T complies with 802.11n, 802.11ac, and 802.11ac Wave 2, outperforms other APs in network compatibility, and provides optimal wireless network experience for users. With these features, AP6750-10T best adapts to high-density scenarios such as e-classrooms and supermarkets.AP6750-10T●Provides services simultaneously on one 2.4 GHz radio and two 5 GHz radios, at a rate of 3 Gbit/s for the entire device. The 2.4 GHz radio supports 2x2 MIMO, providing a maximum rate of 400 Mbit/s. One 5 GHz radio supports 2x2 MIMO, and the other 5 GHz radio supports 4x4 MIMO, providing a maximum rate of 867 Mbit/s and 1733 Mbit/s, respectively.●Uses adaptive array antenna technology to enable targeted signal coverage for mobile terminals and improve signal quality. Additionally, this technology implements switchover as STAs move.●Supports Bluetooth serial interface-based O&M through built-in Bluetooth and CloudCampus APP, and precise locating of Bluetooth terminals and tags by collaborating with the location server.●Provides a USB interface for external power supply and storage. An IoT module can also be installed on the USB interface to implement flexible IoT application extension.●Supports the Fat, Fit, and cloud modes and enables Huawei cloud management platform to manage and operate APs and services on the APs, reducing network O&M costs.Feature DescriptionsTriple-radio designThe AP has triple radios: one 2.4 GHz radio and two 5GHz radios. When all the triple radios work, the device rate can reach 3 Gbit/s.Adaptive array antennas (smart antennas)The AP integrates adaptive array antennas (smart antennas) and implicit beamforming to implement more precise user detection, suppress interference, and improve signal quality, bringing seamless and smooth wireless network experience at the users' fingertips.Cloud-based managementHuawei Cloud Managed Network (CMN) Solution consists of the cloud management platform and a full range of cloud managed network devices. The cloud management platform provides various functions including management of APs, tenants, applications, and licenses, network planning and optimization, device monitoring, network service configuration, and value- added services.High Density Boost technologyHuawei uses the following technologies to address challenges in high-density scenarios, including access problems, data congestion, and poor roaming experience:SmartRadio for air interface optimization●Load balancing during smart roaming: The load balancing algorithm can work during smart roaming, enabling load balancing detection between APs on the network after STA roaming to adjust the STA load on each AP, improving network stability.●Intelligent Dynamic Frequency Assignment (DFA) technology: The DFA algorithm is used to automatically detect adjacent-channel and co-channel interference, and identify any redundant 2.4 GHz radio. Through automatic inter-AP negotiation, a redundant radio is automatically switched to another mode (dual-5G AP models support 2.4G-to-5G switchover) or is disabled to reduce 2.4 GHz co-channel interference and increase the system capacity.●Intelligent conflict optimization technology: Dynamic enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) and airtime scheduling algorithms are used to schedule the channel occupation time and service priority of each STA. This ensures that each STA is assigned a relatively equal amount of time for using channel resources and user services are scheduled in an orderly manner, improving service processing efficiency and user experience.Air interface performance optimization●In high-density scenarios where many STAs access the network, an increased number of low-rate STAs consume more resources on the air interface, reduce the AP capacity, and lower user experience. Therefore, Huawei APs will check the signal strength of STAs during access and reject access from weak-signal STAs. At the same time, the APs monitor the rate of online STAs in real time and forcibly disconnect low-rate STAs so that the STAs can reassociate with APs that have stronger signals. Terminal access control technology can increase air interface use efficiency and allow access of more STAs.5GHz-prior access●The AP supports both 2.4G and 5G frequency bands. The 5G-prior access function enables an AP to steer STAs to the 5 GHz frequency band first, which reduces load and interference on the 2.4 GHz frequency band, improving user experience.Automatic radio calibration●Automatic radio calibration allows an AP to collect signal strength and channel parameters of surrounding APs and generate AP topology according to the collected data. Based on interference from authorized APs, rogue APs, and non-Wi-Fi interference sources, each AP automatically adjusts its transmit power and working channel to make the network operate at the optimal performance. In this way, network reliability and user experience are improved.Wired and wireless dual security guaranteeTo ensure data security, Huawei APs integrate wired and wireless security measures and provide comprehensive security protection.Authentication and encryption for wireless access●Huawei APs support WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-PPSK, WPA/WPA2-802.1X, and WAPI authentication/encryption modes to ensure security of a wireless network. The authentication mechanism is used to authenticate user identities so that only authorized users can access network resources. The encryption mechanism is used to encrypt data transmitted over wireless links to ensure that the data can only be received and parsed by expected users.Analysis on non-Wi-Fi interference sources●Huawei APs can analyze the spectrum of non-Wi Fi interference sources and identify them, including baby monitors, Bluetooth devices, digital cordless phones (on 2.4 GHz frequency band only), wireless audio transmitters (on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands), wireless game controllers, and microwave ovens. Coupled with Huawei eSight, the APs can accurately detect interference sources, and display the spectrum of them on eSight, enabling the administrator to remove the interference in a timely manner.Rogue device monitoring●Huawei APs support WIDS/WIPS, and can monitor, identify, defend against, counter, and perform refined management on rogue devices, providing security guarantees for air interface environment and wireless data transmission.Automatic application identificationHuawei APs support smart application control technology and can implement visualized management and control on Layer 4 to Layer 7 applications.Traffic identification●Coupled with Huawei ACs, the APs can identify over 6000 common applications in various office scenarios. Based on the identification results, policy control can be implemented on user services, including priority adjustment, scheduling, blocking, and rate limiting to ensure efficient bandwidth resource use and improve quality of key services.Traffic statistics collection●Traffic statistics of each application can be collected globally, by SSID, or by user, enabling the network administrator to know application use status on the network. The network administrator or operator can implement visualized control on service applications on smart terminals to enhance security and ensure effective bandwidth control.Basic SpecificationsFat/Fit AP modeWLAN features Compliance with IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ac Wave 2Triple radios, eight spatial streams, providing a maximum rate of 3 Gbit/sMaximum ratio combining (MRC)Space-Time Block Coding (STBC)Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD)/Cyclic Shift Diversity (CSD)BeamformingMU-MIMOLow Density Parity Check (LDPC)Maximum-Likelihood Detection (MLD)Frame aggregation, including A-MPDU (Tx/Rx) and A-MSDU (Tx/Rx)802.11 dynamic frequency selection (DFS)Short guard interval (GI) in 20 MHz, 40 MHz, and 80 MHz modesAutomatic and manual rate adjustmentWLAN channel management and channel rate adjustmentAutomatic channel scanning and interference avoidanceSeparate Service Set Identifier (SSID) hiding configuration for each AP, supporting Chinese SSIDsSignal Sustain Technology (SST)Unscheduled Automatic Power Save Delivery (U-APSD)Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points (CAPWAP) in Fit AP modeAutomatic login in Fit AP modeExtended Service Set (ESS) in Fit AP modeMesh networking in Fit AP modeMulti-user CACHotspot2.0Smart roaming based on 802.11k and 802.11v802.11r fast roaming (≤ 50 ms)WAN authentication escape between APs and WLAN ACs. In local forwarding mode, this featurekeeps existing STAs online and allows for the access of new STAs when APs are disconnectedfrom WLAN ACs, ensuring service continuity.Network features Compliance with IEEE 802.3abAuto-negotiation of the rate and duplex mode and automatic switchover between the MediaDependent Interface (MDI) and Media Dependent Interface Crossover (MDI-X)Compliance with IEEE 802.1QSSID-based VLAN assignmentVLAN trunk on uplink Ethernet portsManagement channel of the AP uplink port in tagged and untagged modeDHCP client, obtaining IP addresses through DHCPTunnel forwarding and direct forwarding of service dataSTA isolation in the same VLANAccess control list (ACL)Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)Uninterrupted service forwarding upon CAPWAP channel disconnection in Fit AP modeUnified authentication on the AC in Fit AP modeAC dual-link backup in Fit AP modeNetwork Address Translation (NAT) in Fat AP modeIPv6 in Fit AP modeIPv4/IPv6 ACLSoft Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)IPv6 Source Address Validation Improvements (SAVI)Multicast Domain Name Service (mDNS) gateway protocol: supports AirPlay and AirPrint servicesharing between users of different VLANsQoS features Priority mapping and packet scheduling that are compliant with Wi-Fi multimedia (WMM) toimplement priority-based data processing and forwardingWMM parameter management for each radioWMM power savingPriority mapping for upstream packets and flow-based mapping for downstream packetsQueue mapping and schedulingUser-based bandwidth limitingAdaptive bandwidth management (automatic bandwidth adjustment based on the user quantity andradio environment) to improve user experienceSmart Application Control (SAC) in Fit AP modeAirtime schedulingSupport for Microsoft Lync APIs and high voice call quality through Lync API identification andschedulingSecurity features Open system authenticationWEP authentication/encryption using a 64-bit, 128-bit, or 152-bit encryption keyWPA2-PSK authentication/encryption (WPA2-Personal edition)WPA2-802.1X authentication/encryption (WPA2-Enterprise edition)WPA-WPA2 hybrid authenticationWPA2-PPSK authentication/encryption802.1X authentication, MAC address authentication, and Portal authenticationDHCP snoopingDynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)IP Source Guard (IPSG)802.11w Protected Management Frames (PMFs)Application identificationMaintenance features Unified management and maintenance on the AC in Fit AP modeAutomatic login and configuration loading, and plug-and-play (PnP) in Fit AP modeBatch upgrade in Fit AP modeTelnetSTelnet using SSH v2SFTP using SSH v2Remote wireless O&M through Bluetooth console portsLocal AP management through the serial interfaceWeb NMS-based management in Fat AP mode upon login through HTTP or HTTPSReal-time configuration monitoring and fast fault locating using the NMSSNMP v1/v2/v3 in Fat AP modeSystem status alarmNetwork Time Protocol (NTP) in Fat AP modeBYOD NOTEThe AP supports bring your own device (BYOD) only in Fit AP mode.Identifies the device type according to the organizationally unique identifier (OUI) in the MACaddress.Identifies the device type according to the user agent (UA) information in an HTTP packet.Identifies the device type according to DHCP options.The RADIUS server delivers packet forwarding, security, and QoS policies according to the devicetype carried in the RADIUS authentication and accounting packets.Location service NOTEThe AP supports the locating service only in Fit AP mode.Locates tags in compliance with proprietary protocols of AeroScout and Ekahau.Locates Wi-Fi terminals.Works with the location server to locate rogue devices.Spectrum analysis NOTEThe AP supports spectrum analysis only in Fit AP mode.Identifies more than eight interference sources including Bluetooth devices, microwave ovens,cordless phones, ZigBee devices, game controllers, 2.4 GHz/5 GHz wireless video and audiodevices, and baby monitors.Works with the location server to locate and perform spectrum analysis on interference sources. Cloud-based management modeWLAN features Compliance with IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ac Wave 2Triple radios, eight spatial streams, providing a maximum rate of 3 Gbit/sMaximum ratio combining (MRC)Space time block code (STBC)MU-MIMOMLDBeamformingLow-density parity-check (LDPC)Maximum-likelihood detection (MLD)Frame aggregation, including A-MPDU (Tx/Rx) and A-MSDU (Tx/Rx)802.11 dynamic frequency selection (DFS)Priority mapping and packet scheduling based on a Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) profile to implementpriority-based data processing and forwardingWLAN channel management and channel rate adjustmentNOTEFor detailed management channels, see the Country Code & Channel Compliance Table.Automatic channel scanning and interference avoidanceService set identifier (SSID) hidingSignal sustain technology (SST)Unscheduled automatic power save delivery (U-APSD)Automatic loginNetwork features Compliance with IEEE 802.3abAuto-negotiation of the rate and duplex mode and automatic switchover between the MediaDependent Interface (MDI) and Media Dependent Interface Crossover (MDI-X)Compliance with IEEE 802.1qSSID-based VLAN assignmentDHCP client, obtaining IP addresses through DHCPSTA isolation in the same VLANAccess control lists (ACLs)Unified authentication on the Agile ControllerNetwork Address Translation (NAT)QoS features Priority mapping and packet scheduling based on a Wi-Fi Multimedia (WMM) profile to implement priority-based data processing and forwardingWMM parameter management for each radioWMM power savingPriority mapping for upstream packets and flow-based mapping for downstream packetsQueue mapping and schedulingUser-based bandwidth limitingAirtime schedulingSecurity features Open system authenticationWEP authentication/encryption using a 64-bit, 128-bit, or 152-bit encryption keyWPA2-PSK authentication/encryption (WPA2-Personal edition)WPA2-802.1X authentication/encryption (WPA2-Enterprise edition)WPA-WPA2 hybrid authenticationWPA/WPA2-PPSK authentication/encryption802.1X authentication, MAC address authentication, and Portal authenticationDHCP snoopingDynamic ARP Inspection (DAI)IP Source Guard (IPSG)Maintenance features Unified management and maintenance on the Agile ControllerAutomatic login and configuration loading, and plug-and-play (PnP)Batch upgradeTelnetSTelnet using SSH v2SFTP using SSH v2Remote wireless O&M through Bluetooth console portWeb NMS-based management upon login through HTTP or HTTPSReal-time configuration monitoring and fast fault location using the NMSSystem status alarmNetwork Time Protocol (NTP)Technical SpecificationsTechnical specifications Dimensions (H x W x D) 47 mm x 220 mm x 220 mmWeight 1.2 kgInterface type 2 x 10/100/1000M adaptive Ethernet ports (RJ45)1 x USB portBuilt-in Bluetooth BLE5.0External IoT module Support for IoT modules expanded through the USB portLED indicator Indicates the power-on, startup, running, alarm, and fault states of thesystem.Power specifications Power input ●DC: 12 V ± 10%●PoE power supply: in compliance with 802.3at.Maximum power consumption 19.3 W (excluding output power consumption of the USB port)NOTEThe actual maximum power consumption depends on local laws and regulations.Environmental specifications Operating temperature -10°C to +50°CStorage temperature -40°C to +70°COperating humidity 5% to 95% (non-condensing) Dustproof andwaterproof gradeIP41Altitude -60 m to +5000 m Atmospheric pressure 53 kPa to 106 kPaRadio specifications Antenna type Built-in adaptive array antennas (smart antennas) Antenna gain 2.4 GHz: 3.5 dBi5 GHz-0: 5 dBi5 GHz-1: 5 dBiNOTE1. The gains above are the single-antenna peak gains.2. The equivalent antenna gain after all 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz antennas arecombined is 1 dBi in 2.4 GHz, 2 dBi in 5 GHz-0，3dBi in 5 GHz-1. Maximum number ofSSIDs for each radio≤ 16Maximum number of users ≤ 768NOTEThe actual number of users varies according to the environment.Maximum transmit power 2.4 GHz: 23 dBm (combined power)5 GHz-0: 24 dBm (combined power)5 GHz-1: 27 dBm (combined power)NOTEThe actual transmit power depends on local laws and regulations.Power increment 1 dBmMaximum number of non-overlapping channels 2.4 GHz (2.412 GHz~2.472 GHz)●802.11b/g−20 MHz: 3●802.11n−20 MHz: 3−40 MHz: 15 GHz (5.18 GHz~5.825 GHz)●802.11a−20 MHz: 13●802.11n−20 MHz: 13−40 MHz: 6●802.11ac−20 MHz: 13−40 MHz: 6−80 MHz: 3NOTEThe table uses the number of non-overlapping channels supported by China as an example. The number of non-overlapping channels varies in different countries. For details, see the Country Codes & Channels ComplianceStandards ComplianceSafety standards UL 62368-1EN 62368-1IEC 62368-1GB 4943EN 60950-1UL 60950-1CAN/CSA 22.2 No.60950-1IEC 60950-1Radio ETSI EN 300 328 RSS-210 AS/NZS 4268standardsETSI EN 301 893 FCC Part 15C: 15.247 EMCstandards EN 301 489-1 EN 301 489-17ETSI EN 60601-1-2FCC Part 15ICES-003YD/T 1312.2-2004 ITU k.20 GB 9254 GB 17625.1 AS/NZS CISPR22 EN 55022 EN 55024 CISPR 22 CISPR 24 IEC61000-4-6 IEC61000-4-2IEEEstandards IEEE 802.11a/b/g IEEE 802.11nIEEE 802.11ac IEEE 802.11h IEEE 802.11d IEEE 802.11eIEEE 802.11k IEEE 802.11u IEEE 802.11v IEEE 802.11w IEEE 802.11rSecuritystandards 802.11i, Wi-Fi Protected Access 2(WPA2), WPA 802.1XAdvanced Encryption Standards(AES), Temporal Key Integrity Protocol(TKIP)EAP Type(s)EMF CENELEC EN 62311CENELEC EN 50385 OET65 RSS-102 FCC Part1&2 FCC KDB SeriesRoHSDirective 2002/95/EC & 2011/65/EU ReachRegulation 1907/2006/EC WEEE Directive 2002/96/EC & 2012/19/EUAntennas Pattern2.4 GHz (Horizontal) 2.4 GHz (Vertical)5 GHz-0 (Horizontal) 5 GHz-0 (Vertical)5 GHz-1 (Horizontal) 5 GHz-1 (Vertical) Ordering Information Part NumberDescription 02352NAM AP6750-10T mainframe (11ac Wave 2, indoor, triple-radio, built-in antenna, 2*GE, USB, BLE) More InformationFor more information about Huawei WLAN products, visit or contact us in the following ways:●Global service hotline: /en/service-hotline ●Logging in to the Huawei Enterprise technical support web: /enterprise/ ● Sendinganemailtothecustomerservicemailbox:********************Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2019. All rights reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Trademarks and Permissionsand other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.NoticeThe purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied.The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute a warranty of any kind, express or implied.Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.Address:Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of ChinaWebsite:。
无线网络最优接入的研究
无线网络最优接入的研究摘要:随着科学技术的不断发展,各种类型的无线接入技术在全球纷纷涌现并被广泛使用。
但是虽然用户可以有很多无线网络可以接入,但是用户很少知道他们运行某一应用程序时哪种接入网络对他们来说是最合适的,由此无线网络的最优接入也成了目前最热门的研究之一。
本文通过对无线网络的研究提出了一个适用于无线网络的最优接入架构,该架构由四部分组成,分别是:无线网络最优接入服务器、无线网络侦测器、最优网络接入决策器和用户应用判别器。
在介绍完架构的功能后,本文对架构所能实现的部分功能进行了性能测试,通过实验,可以发现架构能够较好的选择出最合适用户的接入网络。
关键词:无线接入技术最优接入架构Research on Optimal Access Wireless NetworksAbstract:With the development of scientific technology, various kinds of wireless access technologies have emerged and been widely used all over the world.Although the users can have a great deal of choices to choose the services from multiple access technologies, most of them can’t know which service is the best for them when they decide to use the application. So access selection in Always Best Connected network has become one of the most popular researches recently. This paper designs the architecture of wireless network access for the purpose of AlwaysBest Connected network. The architecture is composed of Always Best Connected Server, Always Best Connected Network Detector, Always Best Connected Network Optimizer and User Application Discriminator. After introducing the functions of the architecture and its components, the paper demonstrates the performance test of part of architecture functions.The result shows the architecture can help people to access the best wireless network for them.Key Works:Wireless Access Technologies;Always best Connected;Architecture1 研究的背景及意义在21世纪,依托不断进步与发展的科学技术,无线通信技术正在发生着日新月异的变化。
tp-link 扩展器 tl-wa850re 使用说明书
锐捷RG-AP630系列户外无线AP说明书
802.11ac/802.11ac Wave 2 Superior Wireless PerformanceBuilt-in Smart Antenna & Lightning Arrester Outstanding EnvironmentalAdaptability (IP67, -40-55°C)RUIJIE NETWORKS COMPANY LIMITED RG-AP630Ruijie RG-AP630 Series is a family of top-class 802.11ac wireless accesspoints for next-gen high-speed wireless network applications. The RG-AP630 Series consists of 3 models RG-AP630(IDA2), RG-AP630(IODA)and RG-AP630(CD).The RG-AP630 (IODA) offers access rates up to 1.75 Gbps, the RG-AP630(IDA2) supports 2.533Gbps access rate and the RG-AP630(CD)supports 1.167Gbps access rate. The RG-AP630 Series takes full careof security, RF control, mobile access, QoS, seamless roaming and otherWi-Fi aspects. Teaming up with Ruijie RG-WS Wireless Controller Series/HIGHLIGHTSCloud AC, the APs offer Wi-Fi user data forwarding, advanced security and access control with ease.The industrial-class AP enclosure (IP67 rated) can withstand extreme outdoor conditions and hence simplify device installation and maintenance. The RG-AP630 (IDA2) is built-in with directional antenna while the RG-AP630(IODA) offers internal omnidirectional antenna. An extensive collection of external antennas is also available to overcome various deployment challenges. Both AP models support automatic switching between the external and internal antennas. RG-AP630 (CD), equipped with built-in directional antenna, can achieve the outdoor Wi-Fi coverage under extreme outdoor conditions in vast majority of the scenarios. Multi-hop Outdoor AP Series thereby offers unparalleled productivity in a wide variety of outdoor networking solutions.RG-AP630(IDA2)/(IODA)Outdoor Antennas (from left to right):RG-ANTx3-2400D, RG-ANTx3-5800D & RG-ANTx3-2400&5800(O) RG-AP630(CD)PRODUCT FEATURESHigh Performance & Reliability802.11ac Superior Wireless PerformanceThe RG-AP630 Series supports **************and 802.11ac@5GHz, with RG-AP630 (IODA) offering access rates of up to 1.75Gbps, RG-AP630(IDA2) up to 2.533Gbps and RG-630(CD) up to 1.167Gbps. The outstanding wireless performance greatly optimizes wireless user experience, increases the number of concurrent users and enhances signal coverage.Built-in Smart Antenna of AP630(IDA2)/ (IODA) Equipped with built-in antenna, the RG-AP630 Series can achieve a real-time antenna beam switching based on the location of access devices, ensuring optimal wireless experience. The APs also support switching of internal and external antennasThe Industry’s Most Flexible Gigabit UplinkThe RG-AP630 Series offers a 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet uplink port that rids the LAN port of being the wireless access bottleneck, and a 1000M SFP combo port that adapts to wired networking structure under different user scenarios. The SFP Base-X port takes up the data transmission workload for optimal network deployment. Easy-to-use Mount-KitAn adjustable mount-kit is available by default for painless deployment optimization. The APs can be easily adjusted -60° to 60° horizontally and -60° to 90° vertically to adapt to variousscenarios.56Hardware HighlightsInterfaces1.Console Port2.10/100/1000Mbps ETH2 IN Port3.10/100/1000Mbps ETH1/PoE IN Port4.SFP Port (Combo with ETH1)5. 3 2.4GHz N-K Type RF Connectors6. 3 5GHz N-K Type RF ConnectorsAll-in-one Package for Painless DeploymentThe RG-AP630 Outdoor AP Series offers you a one-stopinstallation package. Everything youneed is included, fromexternal antennas to lightning arresters and coaxial cables, foreffortless outdoor deployment.RG-AP630(IODA)Built-in Directional and Omnidirectional Antennas of AP630Adjustable Mount-kit of AP630All-in-one Installation PackageFlexible WDS ModeThe APs implement WDS (Wireless Distribution System) tosupport interconnection of multiple APs or wireless bridgingunder 5 hops. Wireless bridging can be achieved even for along distance. The outdoor APs also support point-to-multipointThe features get over the outdoor deployment problems tosupport large-scale and remote high-speed wireless coverage.Intelligent Device RecognitionThe APs support intelligent recognition of end devices runningmainstream operating systems such as iOS and Android.Industry-leading Local Forwarding TechnologyEmploying an industry-leading local forwarding technology, theComprehensive Security PoliciesUser Data EncryptionThe outdoor APs offer protected Wi-Fi access with the support of cutting-edge encryption technologies such as WEP , TKIP and AES, guaranteeing the data transmission security of the wireless network.Virtual AP TechnologyWith the virtual AP technology, the AP can offer up to 16 ESSIDs (per radio) and 16 802.1Q VLANs. The network administrator can separately encrypt and isolate subnets or VLANs that have the same SSID. A separate authentication mode and encryptionDeploying with the Ruijie RG-WS Wireless Controller Series, outdoor APs. The APs also control if the data will be forwarded via the wireless controller. The local forwarding technology can forward large-scale, delay-sensitive, and real-time transmissionthe 802.11ac network.Seamless Roaming ExperienceThe APs team up with the RG-WS Wireless Controllers in perfect harmony, allowing wireless users to roam seamlessly on Layer 2 and Layer 3 networks without data interruption.Abundant QoS PoliciesThe AP supports a wide range of QoS policies. For example, it provides WLAN/AP/STA-based bandwidth limitation modes that prioritize key services over others.Outstanding Environmental AdaptabilityThe outdoor APs offer an IP67-rated enclosure that fulfills waterproof, dustproof, moisture-proof and flame retardant requirements to withstand harsh environments such as wind erosion, rain and high humidity. The features greatly lengthen the equipment life span and effectively reduce the maintenance cost.Wide Operating Temperature RangeAll the AP components and enclosures can withstand a wide temperature range from -40°C to 55°C without any influence on the stability and life span. The design ensures the metal in heater module guarantees stable operation under freezing conditions.Standard CAPWAP EncryptionCAPWAP (Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points) enables communication between RG-WS Wireless Controllers and the outdoor APs. The standard ensures secure data transmission.RF SecurityIn collaboration with Ruijie’s RG-SNC Smart Network Commander and RG-WS Wireless Controllers, the APs enable the RF probe scanning mechanism to detect unauthorized access points or other RF interference sources. Once detected, the APs will alert network administrator to monitor potential threats and usage status in the wireless environment.User Access ControlThe APs support a wide range of authentication methods such as Web, 802.1x, MAC address and local authentication. The APs also support Ruijie’s advanced Security Management Platform (SMP) BYOD Solution which complies with a standard access control system. The system has a set of control policies in terms of user access, authorization, host compliance check, network behavior monitoring, network attack defense, etc. All these control features ensure that users are authenticated before accessing the network services securely.Wireless ProtectionTogether with Ruijie’s RG-SNC Smart Network Commander and RG-WS Wireless Controllers, the APs provide a powerful range of wireless security features such as Wireless Intrusion Detection System (WIDS), RF Interference Location, Rogue AP a truly secure and reliable wireless network.Wireless IPv6 AccessComprehensive IPv6 features are available to enable IPv6 forwarding on a wireless network. Both IPv4 and IPv6 users can connect to the ACs over tunnels, enabling IPv6 applications to be borne on the wireless network.Flexible Authentication ModesThe APs support convenient Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol (PEAP), SMS Authentication, and QR Code Authentication.The PEAP Authentication allows users to perform password authentication for once only. That means users are only required If the SMS authentication is adopted, users first sign in with their mobile phone numbers and then receive an SMS with loginTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS username and password for network access.QR code authentication is another wireless security highlight. After accessing a wireless network, users will obtain a QR code on their end devices and simply ask any authorized staff’s to scan it for network access.Flexible Device Management ModeFlexible Switching Between the FAT & FIT Modesaccording to the networking requirements of different industries. When there are few APs, users can adopt the FAT mode for easy independent network establishment. For large-scale networks, the APs can operate in FIT mode which allows centralized management of all the APs and other aspects such as security, traffic management, QoS and IP management when deployed with the RG-WS Wireless Controllers. Smooth transition from one to another, the APs fully protect user investment.Under the FIT mode, no AP configuration is required before deployment. Also, no manual configuration is necessary forOutdoor APson-site installation, maintenance or replacement. Auto-feature can greatly reduce workload and investment costs.Comprehensive Remote ManagementThe RG-WS Wireless Controllers or Cloud AC can remotely and centrally manage all AP operations such as channel, power ranking, SSID configuration, security configuration, VLAN division and so on. The feature enhances security andPoE Port For Easy Deployment & MaintenanceThe RG-AP630(IDA2)/(IODA) support the 802.3at PoE standard while RG-AP630(CD) supports the 802.3af PoE standard. By connecting to a HPoE switch through the AP Ethernet port, the outdoor APs can gain power and support data transmission via cables. The network administrator canmaximizes the cost savings.Outdoor AntennasORDERING INFORMATION。
英语作文-航空公司的机上Wi-Fi服务如何提供稳定的网络连接
英语作文-航空公司的机上Wi-Fi服务如何提供稳定的网络连接In the realm of commercial aviation, the provision of stable Wi-Fi connectivity aboard aircraft has become a significant value proposition for airlines. This service not only enhances the passenger experience but also serves as a competitive differentiator in the industry. Achieving a stable internet connection at 35,000 feet, however, is not without its challenges. It involves a complex interplay of technology, infrastructure, and strategic partnerships.The foundation of in-flight Wi-Fi lies in the connectivity architecture. There are primarily two systems used: air-to-ground (ATG) and satellite. ATG systems rely on a network of ground-based towers that send signals up to the aircraft's antennas. While this system benefits from lower latency due to the shorter distance the signals travel, it is limited by geographical coverage, being most effective over landmasses with developed infrastructure.Satellite systems, on the other hand, offer broader coverage, making them suitable for transoceanic flights. These systems utilize either geostationary (GEO) satellites, which remain in a fixed position relative to the Earth, or low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites, which orbit closer to the Earth and can provide faster data speeds. The choice between GEO and LEO satellites often comes down to a trade-off between coverage area, speed, and cost.To maintain a stable connection, airlines employ advanced antenna systems that track satellites even as the aircraft moves at high speeds. These antennas are designed to automatically switch from one satellite to another without dropping the connection, a process known as handover. The latest phased-array antennas can adjust their beams electronically, which allows for quicker and more reliable handovers compared to mechanically steered systems.Onboard the aircraft, the Wi-Fi network is distributed through wireless access points (WAPs), strategically placed to provide optimal coverage. These WAPs are connected to the aircraft's server and communication system, which in turn is linked to the external antenna. To ensure consistent performance, even when many passengers are accessing the network, airlines implement network management solutions that prioritize traffic, balance loads across the WAPs, and can even throttle bandwidth for non-critical usage.Airlines also partner with technology providers and service operators who specialize in in-flight connectivity. These partnerships are crucial for the continuous monitoring and management of the service. Providers can remotely troubleshoot issues, optimize network performance, and update software to adapt to the evolving demands of internet usage.Furthermore, the physical environment inside the aircraft is considered when designing the Wi-Fi system. The cabin's interior, including the materials used and the layout, can affect signal propagation. Engineers must account for these factors to prevent dead zones and ensure a uniform wireless experience throughout the cabin.In conclusion, providing stable in-flight Wi-Fi connectivity is a multifaceted endeavor that requires a harmonious blend of technology, infrastructure, and collaboration. As airlines strive to meet the growing expectations of connected travelers, the evolution of in-flight Wi-Fi systems will continue, driven by advancements in satellite technology, antenna design, and onboard network management. The result is an ever-improving connected experience for passengers, who can stay in touch with the world below even as they soar above the clouds.This essay has explored the various aspects of how airlines provide stable Wi-Fi connectivity on board. From the underlying technologies to the strategic partnerships and cabin design considerations, it is clear that a lot goes into keeping passengers connected in the skies. As technology advances, we can expect even more reliable and faster connections to become the norm, making the sky the next frontier for the connected world. 。
酒店商用路由器配置要求标准
酒店商用路由器配置要求标准英文回答：Hotel Business Router Configuration Standard Requirements.As the hospitality industry increasingly relies on technology to enhance guest experiences, the demand for robust and reliable hotel business routers has become paramount. To ensure optimal performance and security, itis essential for hotels to adhere to specific configuration standards when deploying these routers.1. Seamless Internet Connectivity:Enable DHCP: Ensure that the router is configured to assign IP addresses automatically to connected devices, eliminating manual configuration and streamlining guest access to the Internet.Optimize DNS Settings: Configure primary and secondary DNS servers to resolve domain names efficiently, ensuring fast and reliable internet access for guests.Limit Guest Network Bandwidth: Implement bandwidth limits on the guest network to prevent excessive usage and maintain network performance for all users.2. Network Security:Enable Firewall Protection: Activate the built-in firewall to protect the network from unauthorized access, blocking suspicious traffic based on predefined rules.Configure Intrusion Prevention System (IPS): Deploy IPS to detect and block malicious network activity, such as hacking attempts or malware infections, ensuring network integrity.Implement Access Control Lists (ACLs): Restrict access to specific network resources based on MAC addresses or IP addresses, preventing unauthorized users from accessingsensitive information.3. Wireless Network Optimization:Configure Multiple SSIDs: Create separate SSIDs (Service Set Identifiers) for guest and staff networks, isolating traffic for improved security and network management.Implement WPA2 or WPA3 Encryption: Encrypt wireless traffic using strong encryption protocols to prevent eavesdropping and unauthorized access to sensitive data.Optimize Channel Selection: Choose appropriate wireless channels to minimize interference and ensure optimal signal strength throughout the property.4. Remote Management and Monitoring:Enable Remote Access: Allow authorized administrators to access and manage the router remotely, enabling prompt troubleshooting and configuration changes.Configure SNMP Monitoring: Integrate the router with a network management system (NMS) to monitor network performance, receive alerts, and proactively address potential issues.Implement Cloud-Based Management: Leverage cloud-based router management platforms to simplify configuration, monitoring, and firmware updates.5. Compliance and Regulatory Requirements:Adhere to PCI DSS: Ensure that the routerconfiguration meets PCI Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) requirements for secure payment processing.Comply with GDPR: Implement measures to protect guest privacy and data in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).Meet Local Regulations: Familiarize with and adhere to local regulations and industry standards related to networksecurity and privacy.中文回答：酒店商用路由器配置要求标准。
埃诺芬光学设备控制器说明书
ENOCEAN FIXTURE CONTROLLERPower Input: 100-277 VAC, 50/60 HzCat. No. WSD05-9DxDI-001-WSD05-00BWARNINGS AND CAUTIONS:• TO AVOID FIRE, SHOCK, OR DEATH; TURN OFF POWER at circuit breaker or fuse and test that power is off before wiring!• To be installed and/or used in accordance with appropriate electrical codes and regulations.• If you are unsure about any part of these instructions, consult an electrician.•This product is intended only for use indoors and in dry locations.NOTES:• For use with Leviton ® LevNet RF™ 902 MHz products.• It may be more convenient to link the transmitters to controllers prior to final installation.DESCRIPTIONUse the Fixture Controller to control any 0-10V compatible load including LED drivers, fluorescent ballasts, motor controllers, actuators, etc., using wireless signals from self-powered wireless switches, wireless sensors, and/or gateways, etc. The controller is compatible with all 120VAC, 240VAC, or 277VAC circuits.EQUIPMENT NEEDED FOR INSTALLATION• Slotted/Philips Screwdriver • Wire Connectors • Electrical TapeCHOOSE THE OPTIMAL MOUNTING LOCATIONThe long term reliability and wireless performance of the Controller is strongly influenced by the mounting location. Choose a mounting location carefully. For best radio performance:• Straighten antenna out and away from metal.• C reate separation distance away from interfering electronics such as fluorescent tube ends, electronic transformers/power supplies, motors, etc.• Avoid mounting inside metal enclosures.• O bstructions of metal, concrete, and dense building materials will reduce the range. Mount higher and away from obstructions to maximize the range.• I nstallation above a hot fixture may result in overheating or melting. Confirm operating environment does not exceed temperature or humidity specs.• Site survey tools are available to help fine tune wireless communications.LINKING INSTRUCTIONS The Controller must be powered on while linking. After linking, the Controller retains all settings in the event of power loss. Link up to 25 devices.SIMPLE LINKINGUse Simple Link Mode for common applications:1. HOLD the MENU button until the controller clicks (about 5 seconds), then release. The receiver will toggle a steady pattern indicating Simple Link Mode is active: — — — —2. TRANSMIT the Link Signal by triple pressing the top button on switches or single pressing the Link (or teach) button on sensors. Controller pauses in ON position for 3 seconds when the link is created, then toggling resumes. Link additional transmitters (up to 25) as needed. (Controller pauses in OFF position for 3 seconds when the link is deleted.)3. WAIT 30 seconds for Link Mode to exit automatically (toggling stops).SIMPLE LINK MODE OPERATING BEHAVIOR• Manual Switch Control (top button ON / bottom button OFF, hold to dim ): Link any switch.• Motion Sense Auto ON / Auto OFF: Link only Occupancy sensors.• Manual Switch ON / Motion Sense Auto OFF: Link both Occ Sensors & Switches.• Window/Door Sensor: Closed ON / Open OFF.• Key Card Control: Card in ON, Card out OFF.• Control Transmitter: ON and OFF.• Master Dimming Control: Link an Area Controller with 0-10V input as master.• Other Functionality: See instructions on page 2.ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONSTEST FUNCTIONPress and release the SELECT button to toggle Controller ON and OFF. Hold to dim.SENSOR LINK TEST MODEAfter linking, press the Link button on a sensor 6 times to activate the Link Test Mode. Subsequent presses from any linked sensor will cause the controller to toggle confirming the sensor is linked and testing the reliability of wireless communications. Link Test Mode will time out after 60 seconds of no activity.CLEAR ALL LINKS1. Activate Simple Link Mode by holding the MENU button until the Controller starts toggling.2. Hold the SELECT button for 10 seconds to Clear All Links from the Controller.SELECTIVE LINK DELETIONTo remove one Link from Controller and leave others unaffected:1. HOLD the MENU button to activate Link Mode. The toggling output confirms Link Mode is active.2. TRANSMIT the Link Signal by triple pressing the top button on switches or single pressing the Link (or teach) button on sensors. Controller pauses in OFF position for 3 seconds when the link is deleted, then toggling resumes.3. WAIT 30 seconds for Link Mode to exit automatically (toggling stops).REPEATER MODERepeater function is DISABLED by default and may be enabled on specific controllers to extend the range by retransmitting all packets 1 or 2 times. Repeater mode may be changed using Advanced Setup instructions.Transmit - - -> Repeater 1x - - -> Repeater 2x - - -> ReceiveINSTALLATION1. W ARN IN G: TO AVOID FIRE, SHOCK, OR DEATH; TURN OFF POWER at circuit breaker or fuse and test that power is off before wiring!2. P LAN - Identify best mounting locations for receiver and transmitter. Perform range test to confirm operation prior to installation.3. C ONNECT - Make connections to the Controller following wiring diagram and local electrical codes. Restore power.4. TEST - Press SELECT button to toggle output. Hold to dim.5. L IN K Transmitters and Receivers following Linking Instructions below.COMPATIBLE DEVICES:WSC12-M9N WSD20-9Dx WSS0S-x9x WSTLT-9Dx WSWDR-H9W EEPS:A5-38-08 - non timed commands onlyF6-02-01, F6-02-02, F6-03-01, F6-03-02, F6-04-01A5-07-01, A5-07-02, A5-07-03D5-00-01, A5-30-01A5-06-02, A5-06-03FEATURES• Power consumption - save 70% over other wireless technologies.• L ong range - with a 50-150’ range, LevNet RF provides the longest reliable range in the industry.• Built-in repeater - for optimal wireless performance.• Easy-to-use - programs in seconds; run zero switch-leg or traveler wires.• Increased memory - each unit stores up to 25 Transmitter IDs; error checking ensures the controller only responds to appropriate transmitters on all packet transfers.• Save energy - teach the controllers to respond to a LevNet RF sensor or teach all lights to respond to a single master switch.• C ontrol the way you want it - control the dimming area and fixture controllers with a variety of devices - wireless self-powered entry stations, sensors and more.• Simple wireless controls - single-pole, 3-way, and 4-way switches; architectural lighting control; motor control; and Manual-ON/OFF and Auto-OFF controls.© 2016 Leviton Mfg Co., Inc.DI-001-WSD05-00BFor Technical Assistance Call: 1-800-824-3005 (U.S.A. Only) LIMITED 5 YEAR WARRANTY AND EXCLUSIONSLeviton warrants to the original consumer purchaser and not for the benefit of anyone else that this product at the time of its sale by Leviton is free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal and proper use for five years from the purchase date. Leviton’s only obligation is to correct such defects by repair or replacement, at its option. For details visit or call 1-800-824-3005. This warranty excludes and there is disclaimed liability for labor for removal of this product or re-installation. This warranty is void if this product is installed improperly or in an improper environment, overloaded, misused, opened, abused, or altered in any manner, or is not used under normal operating conditions or not in accordance with any labels or instructions. There are no other or implied warranties of any kind, including merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose , but if any implied warranty is required by the applicable jurisdiction, the duration of any such implied warranty, including merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose, is limited to five years. Leviton is not liable for incidental, indirect, special, or consequential damages, including without limitation, damage to, or loss of use of, any equipment, lost sales or profits or delay or failure to perform this warranty obligation . The remedies provided herein are the exclusive remedies under this warranty, whether based on contract, tort or otherwise.FOR CANADA ONLYFor warranty information and/or product returns, residents of Canada should contact Leviton in writing at Leviton Manufacturing of Canada Ltd to the attention of the Quality Assurance Department, 165 Hymus Blvd, Pointe-Claire (Quebec), Canada H9R 1E9 or by telephone at 1 800 405-5320.FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT Contains: SZV-STM300UThe enclosed device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(i.) This device may not cause harmful interference(ii.) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by Leviton could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and canradiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.• C onnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.IC COMPLIANCE STATEMENT Contains: 5713A-STM300UThis device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.IMPORTANT! Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate this equipment.This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.TRADEMARK DISCLAIMER: Use herein of third party trademarks, service marks, trade names, brand names and/or product names are for informational purposes only, are/may be the trademarks of their respective owners; such use is not meant to imply affiliation, sponsorship, or endorsement.CERTIFICATION S: ETL: UL 60730 (U.S.), CSAC22.2#1405 (CANADA), UL 2043 (PLENUM) CE : IEC 60730, IEC6100045 (SURGE)FCC: SZV-STM300U (UNITED STATES) IC: 5713A-STM300U (CANADA)ADVANCED SETUPAdvanced Setup uses the Status LED to navigate a hierarchy of menus with blink patterns in one of 3 colors: Amber, Green, and Red. The controller output does not toggle while using Advanced Setup. Navigation overview:1. Hold MENU button 15 seconds until Status LED blinks Amber pattern.2. Press SELECT button to cycle through blink count options.3. Press MENU button to enter/save menu item.4. Hold MENU for 5 seconds to exit menu level.1 - ACTIVATE ADVANCED SETUPA. Hold MENU button 15 seconds until Status LED blinks Amber pattern.B. Jump to 2 Link - Mode or 3 Setup .2 - LINK MODE: AMBER MENU BLINKS 1-5 A. P ress SELECT button to cycle blink count and choose a Link Mode. Differentdevices may be linked in different modes. B. T ransmit Link Signal with fast triple press of switch button or single press of Linkbutton on sensors. Status LED will pause Green when link is added. If Link Signal is transmitted a second time, Status LED will pause Red indicating link is removed. C. O ptional - Press MENU button to see Green blinks indicating number of deviceslinked in the active mode. Red blink means no devices linked. Hold MENU button 5 seconds to return to Amber Menu.D. Wait 60 seconds or hold MENU button for 5 seconds to return to Operating Mode.3 - SETUP: AMBER MENU BLINKS 6-7 A. P ress SELECT button to cycle to Config (6 Amber blinks) or Dim (7 Amber blinks)options.B. Press MENU button to activate Green Menu.C. Press SELECT button to cycle through Green blink options.D. Press MENU button to activate Red Menu.E. P ress SELECT button to cycle through Red blink options or hold SELECT buttonto adjust level if applicable.F. Press MENU button to save selection.G. Hold MENU button for 5 seconds to return to Green Menu. H. Hold MENU button for 5 seconds to return to Amber Menu. I. H old MENU button for 5 seconds to exit to Operating Mode or power cycle orwait 60 seconds to exit.Amber Blink count OptionsHold MENU button 15 seconds until Status LED blinks Amber pattern. Press SELECT button to cycle through Amber blink counts. See Diagram.1Link Mode 1 Equal to Simple Link ModeSwitches: Rocker Mode (top button ON / bottom button OFF) triple press to link.Occ sensor: Manual ON / Auto OFF w/ switch linked, Auto ON/Auto OFF with no switch, 15 min default timeout. Window/Door Sensor: Closed ON / Open OFF. Control Transmitter: synchronize state. Central Command: synchronize state.2Link Mode 2Switches: Momentary button, triple press to link. Keycard: In ON / Out OFF, triple insertion to link.Occ Sensor: Auto ON / Auto OFF, 15 min default timeout.3Link Mode 3Switches: Toggle button, triple press to link. Occ Sensor: Auto ON / OFF, 5 min timeout.4Link Mode 4Switches: Scene button (recall specific dim level, adjust level with SELECT button), triple press to link/save.5Clear ModeSelective Clear: Triple press switch button or transmit Link Signal from sensor to selectively delete from all modes.Clear Links: Hold SELECT button for 5 seconds to clear all links. Clear All: Hold SELECT button for 15 seconds to restore factory defaults, solid red for 10 seconds confirms clear all success.6Config Options See Table 2 "Config Options Green Menu."7Dim OptionsSee Table 3 "Dim Options Green Menu."Table 1 - Amber MenuGreen Blink count Config Options Activate 6 blink Amber Menu, Press MENU to enter. Press SELECT button to cycle through Green blink counts. See Diagram.1Auto-OFF timeout 1: D isabled (default), 2: 5 min, 3: 10 min, 4: 15 min(Occ default), 5: 20m, 6: 25m, 7: 30m, 8: 60m, 10: Other 2Repeater 1: 1x repeating, 2: 2x repeating, 3: OFF (default).3Power up state 1: A uto (default), 2: State Memory, 3: Scene A (Default: 100%), 4: Scene B (Default: 0%).4Status reporting 1: A 5-38-08 (default), 2: A5-11-01, 3: disabled (when enabled transmits on change and every 2 +/minutes by default).5Invert relay 1: Relay asserted Closed (default). 2: Relay asserted Open: inverted logic.6N/A Reserved7SetDaylighting ThresholdSet the Daylighting Threshold between 10% and 90%. HoldSELECT button to adjust . LED blinks indicate Daylight Threshold setting: RED 1-9x.Table 2 - Config Options Green Menu (6 Amber Blinks)Green Blink count Dim OptionsActivate 7 blink Amber Menu, Press MENU to enter. Press SELECT button to cycle through Green blink counts. See Diagram.1Future use Future use2Set 100% output trim level Set 0-10V output by holding SELECT. Press MENU button to save current level as 100%.3Set 1% output trim level Set 0-10V output by holding SELECT. Press MENU button to save current level as 1%.4N/A Reserved 5N/AReserved6Occupancy dim behavior1 - (Default) occupied: Preferred level, unoccupied: Scene B.2 - Occupied: Scene A, unoccupied: Preferred level.3 - O ccupied: Scene A, unoccupied: Scene B. Manual override is active until occ/unocc status change.7Scene A Scene A may be recalled when occupied. Default: 100%.Adjust with SELECT button. Press MENU to save.8Scene BScene B may be recalled when unoccupied. Default: 0%. Adjust with SELECT button. Press MENU to save.Table 3 - Dim Options Green Menu (7 Amber Blinks)。
Wireless Networks
Wireless NetworksWireless networks have revolutionized the way we communicate and access information, offering unprecedented convenience and flexibility. Their pervasive presence has transformed homes, businesses, and public spaces, enabling seamless connectivity and fostering new avenues for innovation. This essay will delve into the advantages and disadvantages of wireless networks, exploring their impact on our lives and considering the future of this transformative technology. One of the most significant advantages of wireless networks is their unparalleled convenience. Unlike traditional wired networks, wireless connections eliminate the need for cumbersome cables and offer greater freedom of movement. Users can effortlessly connect their devices, such as laptops, smartphones, and tablets, from virtually anywhere within the network's range. This mobility has liberated individuals from the constraints of fixed workstations, empowering them to work, learn, and socialize from diverse locations. Furthermore, wireless networks facilitate ease of installation and scalability. Setting up a wireless network is relatively straightforward, requiring minimal technical expertise. Users can quickly establish a connection without the complexities of wiring infrastructure. Moreover, expanding a wireless network is a seamless process, allowing for the addition of new devices and users without significant disruption. This flexibility makes wireless networks an ideal solution for both small-scale home networks and large-scale enterprise environments. However, despite their numerous advantages, wireless networks also present certain disadvantages. Security vulnerabilities pose a significant concern, as wireless signals can be intercepted by unauthorized individuals. Hackers can exploit weaknesses in encryption protocols to gain access to sensitive data transmitted over the network. Therefore, robust security measures, such as strong passwords and up-to-date encryption standards, arecrucial to mitigating these risks. Another drawback of wireless networks is their susceptibility to interference. Wireless signals can be disrupted by physical obstacles, competing networks, and electromagnetic radiation from electronic devices. This interference can result in reduced network performance, characterized by slow speeds, dropped connections, and intermittent connectivity. To optimize wireless network performance, it is essential to minimize interferencesources and position routers strategically for optimal signal strength. Despite these challenges, the future of wireless networks appears bright. Advancements in wireless technology, such as the development of 5G and Wi-Fi 6, promise faster speeds, greater capacity, and enhanced reliability. These next-generation wireless networks will unlock new possibilities for innovation, enabling emerging technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, and autonomous vehicles. In conclusion, wireless networks have profoundly transformed our lives, offering convenience, flexibility, and opportunities for innovation. Whilesecurity concerns and interference issues remain challenges, ongoing technological advancements pave the way for a future where wireless connectivity becomes even more integral to our personal and professional lives. The pervasive nature of wireless networks underscores their transformative impact on society, shaping the way we communicate, access information, and interact with the world around us.。
华为 E8000E 系列 10 千兆 IPS 安全网关 用户手册说明书
Nowadays, network bandwidths increase rapidly, and security threats and attacks also flood on networks. Therefore, enterprise and carriers must ensure the service security and continuity while extending network structure. The E8000E adopts distributed hardware and software design. Its LPUs and SPUs are mutually independent and support on-demand configuration. Therefore, the E8000E provides flexible processing capability, diversified I/O interfaces, and abundant security services. This perfectly satisfies the requirements of users (including data centers, carriers, ISPs, and governments) for high integrity, quick response, high-speed processing, and long-term guarantee.Product DescriptionCombining the dedicated multi-core processor and distributed hardware platform and adopting innovative NP+multi-core+distributed architecture, the E8000E breaks through the performance bottleneck of the CPU. It delivers industry-leading service processing capability and service expansion capability. In addition, the full-redundancy technology is applied on all components. The E8000E provides diversified technical guarantees, including dual-NP interface module, dual-CPU service processing module, dual-MPU control module, dual power supplies, and load balancing. All these ensure the core router-level reliability, which further guarantees the service continuity in high-speed networking.The E8000E utilizes the dynamic distributed concurrent processing technology. Service traffic is forwarded to multiple dedicated SPUs at the line rate in distributed manner. Additionally, the SPUs support on-demand configuration, which thoroughly solves the conflict between the service processing performance and data forwarding capability in ever-increasing high-speed networking. This distributed technology uses line-rate intelligent traffic splitting for data forwarding. All data flows are equally distributed to service processing modules to prevent performance bottleneck. In so doing, the service processing performance increases at the line rate in accordance with service modules, fundamentally supporting the long-term development of networks.The E8000E supports multiple LPUs, and users can realize flexible LPU configuration as required. Furthermore, LPUs and SPUs adopt the same slot type. Thus, different combinations of LPUs and SPUs can be implemented for various interface and performance requirements, providing users with customized security protection solutions.The E8000E has a maximum interface capacity of 320 Gbps and provides 30 10GE interfaces and 360 GE interfaces. The E8000E also supports various POS interfaces and cross-board interface binding, which meets the requirements for large interface capacity and high interface intensity. Moreover, this also meets the networking requirements in complicated situations, such as the Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) of carriers, large enterprises, and data centers.The E8000E series includes two models, namely, the E8080E and E8160E. The E8160E provides industry-leading securityE8080EE8160EHUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Product FeaturesAdvanced NP + multi-system + distributed architecture — breaking traditional performance bottlenecksE8000E adopts the architecture of independent control modules, ■interface modules, and service processing modules. Based on the dual NP, the interface module ensures the line-speed forwarding of interface traffic. Based on the multi-core and multi-thread architecture, the service processing module ensures the high-speed concurrent processing of multiple services, such as the Network Address Translation (NAT), Application Specific Packet Filter (ASPF), Anti-DDoS, and VPN. E8000E adopts the distributed concurrent processing mechanism, which greatly enhances the product performance. Thus, users can expand capacities with low pre-phase investment.High firewall performance — guaranteeing users’ key servicesThe three main indexes of the E8000E, throughput, number of ■connections established per second, and maximum number of concurrent connections, are in leading roles. The throughput of one service processing module of E8000E is 20 G; the number of connections established per second is 500,000; and the maximum number of concurrent connections is 8,000,000. Furthermore, E8000E has a maximum of eight service processing modules and its entire throughput reaches 160 G; the number of connectionsestablished per second is 4,000,000; the maximum number of concurrent connections is 64,000,000; and the number of virtual firewalls is 1024. The high performance and expandability of E8000E can meet high-end users’ requirements for high performance.Stable and reliable security gateway — ensuring consistency of users’ servicesNetwork security is a key point for enterprise operations. E8000E ■supports the redundant components, such as interface, fan, and power, networking of hot swap, dual processing engine, master/ backup, master/master, and high reliability. Different service boards of E8000E support the load balancing and mutual hot backup, so the abnormity of a single board will not influence the entire system. Meanwhile, together with BYPASS devices, services will not be interrupted even if faults or power failures occur on devices. The mean time between failures of E8000E is as long as 500,000 hours, and the failover time is less than 0.1 second. These ensure the consistent and stable service operations.Optimal VPN performance — adapting to requirements for encrypted transmission of mass servicesWith the increase of network applications, more and more ■services need to be transmitted on the public network safely. Subsequently, services that require mass VPN access gatewayprotection capability and scalability. It supports 16 extension slots. The maximum firewall throughput reaches 160 Gbps; the IPS performance is 64 Gbps; the number of new connections per second is 4M, and 64M concurrent connections are supported; the VPN performance is 96 Gbps. The E8080E adopts the same software and hardware architecture as the E8160E. The E8080E, however, supports only 8 extension slots, and its integrated performance is just half that of the E8160E.The SPU, heart of the E8000E, processes all services.To realize flexible configuration, the board combination design is adopted. Each SPU contains two parts, that is, the mother board and extension board, which can be deployed either independently or separately. The mother board provides 10G firewall performance and the mother board+extension board provides 20G firewall performance.The SPU adopts the multi-core+multi-processor hardware and implements service features through software modules. The heartbeat detection mechanism is realized between the SPU and LPU. Moreover, the SPU supports mutual backup.When an SPU is faulty, all its traffic is immediately distributed to other SPUs, preventing service interruption.The LPU, limb of the E8000E, is responsible for external connection and data transmission.The LPU integrates the high-speed network processor to ensure flexibility.Certain firewall functions can be implemented on the LPU, which significantly reduces the pressure of the SPU.The network processor provides special processing design for each type of packets, for example, dedicated co-processor for hardware-based table searching and professional bit operation design, enabling unique advantage for small packet processing. Thus, the E8000E can realize almost-line-rate performance when processing mixed traffic on the network.Through the interworking between the LPU and SPU, the E8000E delivers high performance for services processing, as well as sound scalability.of 100-Gigabit emerge, such as mobile security access, Short Message Service (SMS) push, and email push. E8000E provides a maximum of 96 Gbps encryption and decryption performance and supports 320,000 concurrent VPN tunnels, which is the VPN access gateway of the highest performance for the moment. E8000E also supports the IKEv2 protocol and enhances the functions of user authentication, packet authentication, and NAT traversal. Thus, E8000E eliminates the hidden hazards of the middleman attack and the DDoS attack, and supports wireless authentication protocols, such as EAP-SIM and EAP-AKA, which effectively ensures the wireless network security.Practical IPS feature — defending againstexternal threats and promoting network securityThe core technologies of the IPS are embodied in the detection■engine performance, signature identification efficiency, and integrated processing performance.Adopting the advanced IPS detection engine and mature signature database, Huawei E8000E defends against various threats, including system vulnerabilities, unauthorized automatic downloading, spoofing software, spyware/adware, abnormal protocols, and P2P anomalies.A single vulnerability-based signature covers thousands of attacks. Supplemented with globally deployed honeypot system, the E8000E can capture the latest attack, worm, and Trojan horse features, thus providing zero-day attack defense capability.Moreover, the practicability of the IPS is significantly promoted. The E8000E adopts internal off-line and "one board one feature" technologies; certain necessary service traffic is split to the dedicated SPU. In so doing, the service processing capability is improved; further more, the traffic processing does not affect the basic services of the firewall, ensuring service continuity.Product SpecificationCopyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2011. All rights reserved.General DisclaimerThe information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factorsthat could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such informationis provided for reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.Huawei Industrial BaseBantian LonggangShenzhen 518129, P.R. ChinaTel: +86-755-28780808 Version No.: M3-110019999-20110805-C-1.0。
OPTIMIZETHEPERFORMANCE：优化性能
Every day, wireless devices – some approved, some not – come through the doors of your enterprise in the pockets, briefcases and backpacks of your employees and may simply “appear” on your network. While this fact may not surprise you, the challenges to your enterprise IT policy remain. Whether you like it or not, employees prefer to use their own mobile devices for work-related tasks and are doing so in record numbers. Can your wireless network infrastructure handle the growing numbers of tablets, smartphones, and eReaders taking significant bandwidth bites out of your network? Do you have the right solutions and policies in place to grant more freedom of device choice while securing and optimizing their performance? The choices you make now will directly impact the quality of connectivity you deliver as the number of wireless devices on your network grows. Your infrastructure matters.WiNG 5 WIRELESS LANOPTIMIZE THE PERFORMANCE OF WI-FI ENABLED SMARTPHONESAND TABLETSTO SERVE AND PROTECTDespite the inherent risks, enterprises in virtually all industries are taking the wireless plunge in greater numbers than ever before. They simply have to. Customer and employee expectations continue to drive this trend as a result of the rich application experiences they’ve come to enjoy outside the workplace. By the end of this year, ABI Research projects more than 50 percent of the U.S. population will be carrying smartphones and by 2014, 90 percent of them will be Wi-Fi capable. To accommodate this growth, your network will need the intelligence, bandwidth and agility to do more.The good news is that with smart, cost-effective wireless infrastructure investments, not only can you scale quickly to secure the growing number of devices you serve, but also optimize their performance. To doit right takes advanced planning, proper configuration, enforceable security policies and dynamic network management capabilities. And a cost-effective, easy-to-deploy wireless network solution to make it work. BUILDING THE RIGHT PATHEnsuring your network can accommodate increasing demand for wireless access and still deliver reliable coverage and performance takes planning and the right wireless LAN solution. As the use of wireless applications grow, so do your security, reliability and capacity challenges. How you configure your network is key to the performance of all network devices. Current 802.11n WLAN solutions, like ours, provide higher throughput and better coverage. But fair warning, they are not all created equal and what you don’t know, could hurt you.Our WiNG 5 solution makes it easy to extend your wireless capabilities and users. One WiNG 5 controller can now efficiently manage up to 10,000 APs and reliably connect hundreds of thousands of users. Proper RF planning and network configuration directly impact network device performance and management.Some important tips:• Configure 2.4 GHz for 20 MHz andthree non-overlapping channelsHaving three non-overlapping 20 MHz channels provides greater flexibility for access point placement and Wireless LAN design than one 40 MHz channel and one 20 MHz channel. Maintaining three 20 MHz channels will help you better optimize wireless capacity and coverage.• Disable lower data rates in 2.4 GHzWhen legacy 802.11b clients communicate onthe WLAN, they negatively impact Wireless LAN performance. If you can, consider disabling the lower 2.4 GHz data rates on your Wireless LAN (such as 1 and 2 Mbps). Data rates can be adjusted through the WiNG 5 Wireless LAN controller.(continued on next page)• Enable Smart Band controlEncourage dual-band clients to operate in the 5 GHz frequency. With eight times the spectrum of 2.4 GHz, it is typically less congested. WiNG 5 steers 5 GHz capable clients to use the 5 GHz bands, helping free 2.4 GHz bands for single-band devices such as the Apple iPhone 4, VoWLAN phones and older laptops.• Give high throughput client preference in airtime fairness This allows client preference to be dictated by higher data rates, such as 11n optimized devices like iPad clients. The WiNG 5 AP keeps track of the capabilities of various clients and their current connection data rates and ensures that clients using lower data rates (which reduces overall performance of the cell) don’t impact the clients using higher data rates.• Enable accelerated multicast and IGMP snoopingBy delivering higher data rates to one client at a time, WiNG 5 dramatically improves video performance. IGMP snooping helps to prune the multicast traffic in a network by allowing it to be forwarded only to ports and clients that are interested in that particular multicast stream. WiNG 5 also supports accelerated multicast which converts multicast addressed data frames into directed frames to clients. These frames are transmitted at higher data rates and more reliably, ensuring better overall performance. For some applications that depend on pure multicast traffic, the administrator can leave the packets as multicast, but still prioritize them relative to other multicast traffic. • User profiles and rate limiting for QoSRate limiting allows you to specify a limit for the aggregate WLAN traffic on a per radio basis. It can be used to make sure that guest WLAN users do not use more air time than is allowed by the WLAN rate limit. This can also work in conjunction with per Mobile Unit rate limiting providing finer control.WiNG 5 role based firewall enables administrators to group users in various categories based on a number of parameters such as their type of access or type of device. Different user groups can then be assigned varied levels of access, enforced by the firewall. This allows administrators to not only control different levels of access for guest and corporate users, but fine grained control even within the pool of corporate users.• Manage guest accessWiNG 5 can help the administrator segregate guest user traffic from corporate traffic. Devices that have not been authorized by corporate are detected and automatically placed on a restricted network vlan. The Administrator can then restrict traffic on this network based on either network addresses, or choose to rate-limit the traffic so it does not impact the resources available to corporate devices.(continued on next page)While your own enterprise network device policies may be moving toward a more inclusive model, security concerns still likely keep your entire IT team awake at night. And for good reason. Because as your network perimeter continues to grow beyond the four walls into the cloud, invaders await. They sit in parking lots, along roadways and on hilltops using crude technology to find gaps in your defense systems. They are using Netstumbler, Kismet, Airsnort or others to beat WEP, WPA, intercept communications or even associate as a rogue AP. They want in and you need to ensure unprotected employee devices don’t become the means to that end.Hackers are smart. Enabling iPhones and Android devices on enterprise servers is risky because cybercriminals are sneaking Trojan-embedded apps onto the various marketplaces, which users are downloading to their devices and right into your networks. Integrated with our WiNG 5 architecture, our AirDefense solution prevents network intrusions by identifying potential threats and immediately dropping any data packet that appears suspicious. With a firewall right in the access point, AirDefense controls network access and enforces security policy even for sessions that originate and terminate in the same domain. Every Packet is analyzed and rules for how to deal with that package are applied, which not only achieves better video, voice and application performance, but exceptional threat detection and prevention. INTELLIGENCE = OPTIMAL DEVICE PERFORMANCE It bears repeating that when it comes to wireless capabilities, infrastructure matters. Intelligent solutions like ours:• Enable SMART RF to first calibrate your network correctly and then dynamically respond to changing RF conditions – without device users being any the wiser. Seamless connectivity is achieved effortlessly with centralized troubleshooting and real-time integrated network management capabilities.MOTOROLA, MOTO, MOTOROLA SOLUTIONS and the Stylized M Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Motorola Trademark Holdings, LLC and are used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ©2011 Motorola Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.For more information on wireless LAN solutions, please visit: /wlan.For news and comments on the industry, join the conversation at .• Use real-time Spectrum Analysis to viewinterference as it occurs on the network, identify and fix sources of interference, move channels and more. • Test APs to ensure client connectivity , establish device and data prioritization and allow betterbandwidth utilization for voice and multimedia traffic. This is all possible because WiNG 5 APs can talk to each other, lowering latency rates and dramatically improving device performance.Unconnected devices mean unproductive employees and lost revenue. Our advanced troubleshooting tools take the guess work out of network management – not to mention the legwork of IT staff who would have to physically walk around to identify interference issues. Our system identifies and fixes connectivity issues before a user is even aware of them. If an AP goes down, traffic automatically reroutes to ensure no calls are dropped or applications are interrupted.ABOUT WIRELESS NETWORK SOLUTIONSWe deliver seamless connectivity that puts real-time information in customers’ hands. Our proven solutions provide the agility needed to grow business or better protect and serve the public. Working seamlessly together with world-class devices, our portfolio includes indoor WLAN, outdoor wireless mesh, point-to-multipoint, point-to-point networks and voice over WLAN solutions. Combined with powerful software for wireless network design, security, management and trouble- shooting, wireless network solutions deliver trusted networking and anywhere access to organizations across the globe.WiNG 5 WLAN BENEFITS• Distributes intelligence between controllers and access points• Handles more network traffic by avoiding controller bottlenecks• Keeps running when localized wired or wirelessnetwork problems occur• Recovers quickly and automatically from RF interference or coverage problems• Delivers flexibility and choice in creating the right wireless networkIF YOU CAN’T BEAT THEM...…plan, configure, secure and optimize their performance with our WiNG 5 Wireless LAN network solution. Will your network be ready for the next Wi-Fi device surge? Find out why less is more here.。
Cisco Meraki MR86 802.11ax 无线路由器说明说明书
MR86 DatasheetHigh Performance 802.11ax WirelessThe Cisco Meraki MR86is a cloud-managed 4x4:4802.11ax access point that raises the bar for wireless performance and efficiency. Designed for next-generation deployments in offices, schools, hospitals, shops, and hotels, the MR86offers high throughput, enterprise-grade security, and simple management.The MR86provides a maximum of 3.5Gbps* aggregate frame rate with concurrent 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz radios. A dedicated third radio provides real-time WIDS/ WIPS with automated RF optimization, and a fourth integrated radio delivers Bluetooth scanning and beaconing.With the combination of cloud management, high performance hardware, multiple radios, and advanced software features, the MR86makes an outstanding platform for the most demanding of uses—including high-density deployments and bandwidth or performance-intensive applications like voice and high-definition video.MR86and Meraki Cloud ManagementManagement of the MR86is performed through the Meraki cloud, with an intuitive browser-based interface that enables rapid deployment without time-consuming training or costly certifications. Because the MR86is self-configuring and managed over the web, it can be deployed at a remote location in a matter of minutes, even without on-site IT staff.24x7 monitoring via the Meraki cloud delivers real-time alerts if a network encounters problems. Remote diagnostic tools enable immediate troubleshooting over the web so that distributed networks can be managed with a minimum of hassle.The MR86’s firmware is automatically kept up to date via the cloud. New features, bug fixes, and enhancements are delivered seamlessly over the web. This means no manual software updates to download or missing security patches to worry about.Product Highlights•4x4:4MU-MIMO 802.11ax• 3.5* Gbps dual-radio aggregate frame rate •Integrated enterprise security and guest access •Application-aware traffic shaping•24x7 real-time WIDS/WIPS and spectrum analytics via dedicated third radio•Integrated Bluetooth Low Energy Beacon•Integrated scanning radio•Enhanced transmit power and receive sensitivity •Optimized for voice and video•Self-configuring, plug-and-play deployment•Sleek design blends into office environments•Full-time Wi-Fi location tracking via dedicated 3rd radioFeaturesDual–radio aggregate frame rate of up to 3.5Gbps*5 GHz 4x4:4radio and 2.4 GHz 4x4:4radio offer a combined dual–radio aggregate frame rate of 3.5Gbps*, with up to 2,402Mbps in the 5 GHz band and1,148Mbps in the 2.4 GHz band. Technologies like transmit beamforming and enhanced receive sensitivity allow the MR86to support a higher client density than typical enterprise-class access points, resulting in better performance for more clients, from each AP.Multi User Multiple Input Multiple Output (MU-MIMO)With support for features of 802.11ax, the MR86offers MU-MIMO and OFDMA for more efficient transmission to multiple clients. Especially suited to environments with numerous mobile devices, MU-MIMO enables multiple clients to receive data simultaneously. This increases the total network performance and improves the end user experience.Dedicated third radio delivers 24x7 wireless security and RF analyticsThe MR86’s dedicated dual-band scanning and security radio continually asses the environment, characterizing RF interference and containing wireless threats like rogue access points. There’s no need to choose between wireless security, advanced RF analysis, and serving client data - a dedicated third radio means that all functions occur in real-time, without any impact to client traffic or AP throughput.Bluetooth Low Energy Beacon and scanning radioAn integrated fourth Bluetooth radio provides seamless deployment of BLE Beacon functionality and effortless visibility of Bluetooth devices. The MR86enables the next generation of location-aware applications while future proofing deployments, ensuring it’s ready for any new customer engagement strategies.Automatic cloud-based RF optimizationThe MR86’s sophisticated and automated RF optimization means that there is no need for the dedicated hardware and RF expertise typically required to tune a wireless network. The RF data collected by the dedicated third radio is continuously fed back to the Meraki cloud. This data is then used to automatically tune the channel selection, transmit power, and client connection settings for optimal performance under even the most challenging RF conditions.Integrated enterprise security and guest accessThe MR86features integrated, easy-to-use security technologies to provide secure connectivity for employees and guests alike. Advanced security features such as AES hardware-based encryption and Enterprise authentication with 802.1X and Active Directory integration provide wired-like security while still being easy to configure. One-click guest isolation provides secure, Internet-only access for visitors. PCI compliance reports check network settings against PCI requirements to simplify secure retail deployments.Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM) & Mobile Device Management (MDM) integrationMeraki Systems Manager natively integrates with the MR86to offer automatic, context-aware security. Systems Manager’s self-service enrollment helps to rapidly deploy MDM without installing additional equipment, and then dynamically tie firewall and traffic shaping policies to client posture.* Refers to maximum over-the-air data frame rate capability of the radio chipset, and may exceed data rates allowed by IEEE 802.11ax operation.Application-aware traffic shapingThe MR86includes an integrated layer 7 packet inspection, classification, and control engine, enabling the configuration of QoS policies based on traffic type, helping to prioritize mission-critical applications while setting limits on recreational traffic like peer-to-peer and video streaming. Policies can be implemented per network, per SSID, per user group, or per individual user for maximum flexibility and control.Voice and video optimizationsIndustry standard QoS features are built-in and easy to configure. Wireless MultiMedia (WMM) access categories, 802.1p, and DSCP standards support all ensure important applications get prioritized correctly, not only on the MR86, but on other devices in the network. Unscheduled Automatic Power Save Delivery (U-APSD) and new Target Wait Time features in 802.11ax clients ensure minimal battery drain on wireless VoIP phones.Self-configuring, self-maintaining, always up-to-dateWhen plugged in, the MR86automatically connects to the Meraki cloud, downloads its configuration, and joins the appropriate network. If new firmware is required, this is retrieved by the AP and updated automatically. This ensures the network is kept up-to-date with bug fixes, security updates, and new features.Advanced analyticsDrilling down into the details of network usage provides highly granular traffic analytics. Visibility into the physical world can be enhanced with journey tracking through location analytics. Visitor numbers, dwell time, repeat visit rates, and track trends can all be easily monitored in the dashboard and deeper analysis is enabled with raw data available via simple APIs.SpecificationsCategory SpecificationsRadios • 2.4 GHz 802.11b/g/n/ax client access radio• 5 GHz 802.11a/n/ac/ax client access radio• 2.4 GHz & 5 GHz dual-band WIDS/WIPS, spectrum analysis, & location analytics radio • 2.4 GHz Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radio with Beacon and BLE scanning support •Concurrent operation of all four radios•Supported frequency bands (country-specific restrictions apply)•Supported frequency bands (country-specific restrictions apply):◦ 2.412-2.484 GHz◦ 5.150-5.250 GHz (UNII-1)◦ 5.250-5.350 GHZ (UNII-2)◦ 5.470-5.600, 5.660-5.725 GHz (UNII-2e)◦ 5.725 -5.825 GHz (UNII-3)Antenna•List of compatible antennas: MA-ANT-20/25/27 and AIR-ANT2513P4M-N=802.11ax, 802.11ac Wave 2 and 802.11n Capabilities •DL-OFDMA**, UL-OFDMA**, TWT support**, BSS Coloring**• 4 x 4multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) with four spatial streams•SU-MIMO, UL MU-MIMO** and DL MU-MIMO support•Maximal ratio combining (MRC) & beamforming•20 and 40 MHz channels (802.11n); 20, 40, and 80 MHz channels (802.11ac Wave 2); 20, 40 and 80 MHz channels (802.11ax)•Up to 1024-QAM on both 2.4 GHz & 5 GHz bands•Packet aggregationPower•Power over Ethernet: 42.5- 57 V (802.3at compatible)•Power consumption: 30W max (802.3at required)•Power over Ethernet injector sold separatelyNote:Actual power consumption may vary depending on the AP usage.Interfaces•1x 100/1000/2.5G BASE-T Ethernet (RJ45)Mounting •All standard mounting hardware included •Mounts to walls and vertical poles.Physical Security •Two security screws•Concealed mount plate with anti-tamper cable bayEnvironment •Operating and storage temperature: -40°F to 131°F (-40°C to 55°C)•Operating and storage humidity: 5 to 95% non-condensing •Operating and storage altitude: Up to 40,000 feet (12,192 meters)•IP67 Environmental ratingReliability•Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF): 1,566,656hrs at +25°C operating temperaturePhysical Dimensions •11.81” x 6.02” x 2.16” (30.0 cm X 15.3 cm X 5.5 cm), not including cable gland, mounts or antennas •Weight: 1.5kgSecurity •Integrated Layer 7 firewall with mobile device policy management•Real-time WIDS/WIPS with alerting and automatic rogue AP containment with Air Marshal •Flexible guest access with device isolation•VLAN tagging (802.1q) and tunneling with IPsec VPN•PCI compliance reporting•WEP***, WPA, WPA2-PSK, WPA2-Enterprise with 802.1X, WPA3 - Personal**, WPA3 - Enterprise**, WPA3 - Enhanced Open (OWE)**•EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, EAP-MSCHAPv2, EAP-SIM•TKIP and AES encryption•Enterprise Mobility Management (EMM) & Mobile Device Management (MDM) integration•Cisco ISE integration for Guest access and BYOD PosturingQuality of Service •Advanced Power Save (U-APSD)•WMM Access Categories with DSCP and 802.1p support •Layer 7 application traffic identification and shapingMobility •PMK, OKC, & 802.11r for fast Layer 2 roaming •Distributed or centralized layer 3 roamingAnalytics •Embedded location analytics reporting and device tracking•Global L7 traffic analytics reporting per network, per device, & per applicationLED Indicators• 1 power/booting/firmware upgrade statusRegulatory •RoHS•For additional country-specific regulatory information, please contact Meraki salesWarranty• 1 year hardware warranty with advanced replacement includedOrdering Information •MR86-HW: Meraki MR86 Cloud Managed 802.11ax AP•MA-INJ-5-XX: Meraki Multigigabit 802.3at Power over Ethernet Injector (XX = US/EU/UK/AU)•MA-INJ-4-XX: Meraki Gigabit 802.3at Power over Ethernet Injector (XX = US/EU/UK/AU)•MA-ANT-20 Meraki Dual-Band Omni Antennas•MA-ANT-25 Meraki Dual-Band Patch Antenna•MA-ANT-27 Meraki Dual-Band Sector Antenna•AIR-ANT2513P4M-N= Dual-band, 4-port, 30° beam•Note: Meraki access point license required. For AIR-ANT2513P4M-N= antenna, contact Cisco directlyCompliance and StandardsCategory StandardsIEEE Standards•802.11a, 802.11ac, 802.11ax, 802.11b, 802.11e, 802.11g, 802.11h, 802.11i, 802.11k, 802.11n, 802.11r, and 802.11u***Safety Approvals •CSA and CB 60950 & 62368•Conforms to UL 2043 (Plenum Rating)Radio Approvals •Canada: FCC Part 15C, 15E, RSS-247•Europe: EN 300 328, EN 301 893•Australia/NZ: AS/NZS 4268•Mexico: IFT, NOM-208•Taiwan: NCC LP0002•For additional country-specific regulatory information, please contact Meraki SalesEMI Approvals (Class B)•Canada: FCC Part 15B, ICES-003•Europe: EN 301 489-1-17, EN 55032, EN 55024•Australia/NZ: CISPR 22•Japan: VCCIExposure Approvals •Canada: FCC Part 2, RSS-102•Europe: EN 50385, EN 62311, EN 62479•Australia/NZ: AS/NZS 2772RF Performance Table2.4 GHzOperating Band Operating Mode Data Rate Total TX Power (conducted) 2.4 GHz802.11b 1 Mb/s25.02 Mb/s25.05.5 Mb/s25.011 Mb/s25.02.4 GHz802.11g 6 Mb/s25.09 Mb/s25.012 Mb/s23.518 Mb/s23.524 Mb/s 22.0*** feature can be enabled for required networks36 Mb/s22.048 Mb/s21.554 Mb/s21.5 2.4 GHz802.11n (HT20)MCS025.0MCS125.0MCS223.5MCS323.5MCS423.5MCS521.5MCS621.5MCS720.5 2.4 GHz802.11ac (VHT20)MCS025.0MCS125.0MCS223.5MCS323.5MCS423.5MCS521.5MCS621.5MCS720.52.4 GHz802.11ax (HE20)MCS025.0MCS125.0MCS223.5MCS323.5MCS423.5MCS521.5MCS621.5MCS720.5MCS819.5MCS919.5MCS1018.0MCS1118.0 2.4 GHz802.11ac (VHT40)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS423.0MCS521.0MCS720.5MCS819.5MCS919.5 2.4 GHz802.11ax (HE40)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS423.0MCS521.0MCS621.0MCS720.5MCS819.5MCS919.5MCS1018.0MCS1118.0 5 GHzOperating Band Operating Mode Data Rate TX Power5 GHz802.11a6 Mb/s24.09 Mb/s24.012 Mb/s23.018 Mb/s23.024 Mb/s22.036 Mb/s22.048 Mb/s21.054 Mb/s20.5 5 GHz802.11n (HT20)MCS024.0MCS124.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS522.0MCS621.0MCS720.5 5 GHz802.11n (HT40)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS422.0MCS521.0MCS620.5MCS720.0 5 GHz802.11ac (VHT20)MCS024.0MCS124.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS522.0MCS621.0MCS720.5MCS819.5 5 GHz802.11ac (VHT40)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS620.5MCS720.0MCS819.0MCS918.5 5 GHz802.11ac (VHT80)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS520.0MCS620.0MCS719.0MCS818.0MCS918.0 5 GHz802.11ax (HE20)MCS024.0MCS124.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS522.0MCS621.0MCS720.5MCS819.5MCS919.0MCS1017.5MCS1117.5 5 GHz802.11ax (HE40)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS521.0MCS620.5MCS720.0MCS819.0MCS918.5MCS1017.0MCS1117.0 5 GHz802.11ax (HE80)MCS023.0MCS123.0MCS223.0MCS323.0MCS422.0MCS520.0MCS620.0MCS719.0MCS818.0MCS918.0MCS1016.0MCS1116.0Installation GuideFor instructions on how to install and configure MR86access points please refer the MR86Installation Guide。
CommScope Metro Cell 隐身无线网络传输解决方案说明书
For every environment, there’s a Metro Cell solutionCOMMSCOPE’S COMPLETE ECOSYSTEM OFMETRO CELL SOLUTIONS GOES WHERE OTHERS CAN’TMetro Cell solutions deliver a difference that is needed and understood—but rarely seen. Offered in a wide range of configurations, styles and specifications, Metro Cell solutions offer exceptional performance, thermal compliance and zoning aesthetics.Metro Cells are more than an off-the-shelf solution from a little-known company that doesn’t specialize in wireless technology. They’re integrated, customized solutions built on CommScope’s decades of network design and engineering expertise—all boiled down into a compact, powerful, flexible solution that delivers coverage and capacity in all kinds of urban environments. TOP, MIDDLE, BOTTOM , OR INTEGRATED IN THE POLE CommScope understands that every deployment is unique to the operator’s needs, zoning regulations, physical space limitations and overall appearance. That’s why we offer a complete ecosystem of Metro Cell solutions that can go virtually anywhere, in the tightest spaces and under the tightest zoning regulations.There are four Metro Cell solutions that let you put connectivity at the top of the pole, mid-pole, bottom-of-the-pole or integrated throughout the pole. We offer a large, diverse and growing portfolio of design options.CUSTOM SOLUTIONS FOR SPECIFIC CHALLENGESBecause the size and shape of every Metro Cell solution radio enclosure is driven by the number and types of radios it contains, as well as a site’s specific zoning and permitting requirements, CommScope can work with you to create a customized form factor that precisely meets your coverage and capacity needs, while still delivering optimal thermal performance and remarkableaesthetic appeal.2 Metro Cell concealment solutionsBuild a more powerful, more invisible wireless networkMeet the four Metro Cell solutionsPOLE-TOP SOLUTIONSLightweight and low profile•Ideal for existing pole deployments in public right-of-way •Unobtrusive radio concealment with multiband canister antennas •Built to support multiple pico 1- to 5-watt radios •Slim design reduces pole loading •Supports multiple antenna vendors • Factory integrated/kitted options availableBOTTOM-OF-THE-POLE SOLUTIONSThe ideal choice for high-power radios in urban environments•Radio and all ancillary equipment in easy-to-service location •Custom decorative pole, collar and luminaire options •Available with multiple pole and antenna mounting options •Can be ordered with battery backup and other power options •Supports high- or low-power radios •Forced air cooling system ensures equipment operates efficiently •Factory integration and testing options availableMID-POLE SOLUTIONSRetrofit virtually any pole, anywhere•Flexible solution for existing pole of varying heights and diameters •Built to support multiple pico (1- to 5-watt) and micro (40- to 60-watt) radios •Consistent appearance for zoning compliance in larger deployments •Available with a complete ecosystem of internal equipment mounting •Mounts to wood, steel, or composite pole materials •Factory integrated/kitted options availableMetro Cell concealment solutions Build a more powerful, more invisible wireless network 3INTEGRATED POLE SOLUTIONSIdeal in jurisdictions with strict zoning laws•Includes everything needed for a low- power 4G/5G outdoor small cell site.•12in Dia radio concealment modules conceal up to 4 low and medium power radios power radios •Pole top concealment module for LAA/CBRS radio mounting • GR-487 thermally verifiedWe go the extra mile so your signal doesn’t have toAbove all, CommScope understands how important it is for your network to increase density in urban areas. We design Metro Cell solutions to help you bring coverage and capacity where it earns more revenue while streamlining installation and optimizing your power use. If we don’t already have the ideal solution for your deployment, we’ll work directly with you to design one that meets your specifications.That’s why we say there’s a Metro Cell solution for every environment—and a reason you should work with a provenwireless partner on your next urban deployment. Visit our website or contact your local CommScope representative for more information.© 2019 CommScope, Inc. All rights reserved.All trademarks identified by ® or ™ are registered trademarks or trademarks, respectively, of CommScope, Inc. This document is for planning purposes only and is not intended to modify or supplement any specifications or warrantie,d in accordance with international standards, including ISO 9001, TL 9000, and ISO 14001.Further information regarding CommScope’s commitment can be found at /About-Us/Corporate-Responsibility-and-Sustainability.BR-111784.3-EN (03/19)CommScope (NASDAQ: COMM) helps design, build and manage wired and wireless networks around the world. As a communications infrastructure leader, we shape the always-on networks of tomorrow. For more than 40 years, our global team of greater than 20,000 employees, innovators and technologists has empowered customers in all regions of the world to anticipate what’s next and push the boundaries of what’s possible. Discover more at 。
Ruijie RG-AP180系列接入点硬件安装及参考指南
Ruijie RG-AP180 Series Access Points Hardware Installation and Reference Guide V1.00Copyright statementRuijie Networks©2020Ruijie Networks reserves all copyrights of this document. Any reproduction, excerption, backup, modification, transmission, translation or commercial use of this document or any portion of this document, in any form or by any means, without the prior written consent of Ruijie Networks is prohibited.Exemption statementThis document is provided “as is”. The contents of this document are subject to change without any notice. Please obtain the latest information through the Ruijie Networks website. Ruijie Networks endeavors to ensure content accuracy and will not shoulder any responsibility for losses and damages caused due to content omissions, inaccuracies or errors.·PrefaceThank you for using our products. This manual will guide you through the installation of the access point.ScopeIt is intended for the users who have some experience in installing and maintaining network hardware. At the same time, itis assumed that the users are already familiar with the related terms and concepts.Obtaining Technical Assistance●Ruijie Networks Website: https:///●Technical Support Website: https:///support●Case Portal: https://●Community: https://●Technical Support Email: *****************************●Skype: *****************************Related DocumentsDocuments DescriptionConfiguration Guide Describes network protocols and related mechanisms that supported by the product, with configuration examples.Command Reference Describes the related configuration commands, including command modes, parameter descriptions, usage guides, and related examples.Documentation ConventionsThe symbols used in this document are described as below:This symbol brings your attention to some helpful suggestions and references.This symbol means that you must be extremely careful not to do some things that may damage the device or cause data loss.·1 Product OverviewRuijie RG-AP180 AP is designed for indoor scenarios in campuses, hotels, offices and residential buildings. Featuring aconcise design and easy deployment, the AP enables zero disruption to the interior finishes and offers the best solutionfor scenarios with delicate interior design.The dual-radio, dual-band AP supports the latest 802.11ax. And it delivers data rates of up to 574Mbps at 2.4G and1.2Gbps at 5G with the maximum delivery rate totaling 1.77Gbps. The Wall AP provides four 10/100/1000Base-T LANports and one 10/100/1000Base-T WAN port, delivering optimal wireless network coverage. RG-AP180 supports security,radio frequency (RF) control, mobile access, Quality of Service (QoS) and seamless roaming. Plus, two power supplymodes are provided, so you can choose to power up the AP either by local or PoE power supply.Teaming up with Ruijie RG-WS Wireless Controller Series, wireless data forwarding, high performance security andaccess control can be accomplished with ease.1.1 Technical SpecificationsTable 1-1 Technical Specifications of RG-AP180Hardware SpecificationsRadio 2.4G: 2 x 2MIMO 5G: 2 x 2MIMOTransmission Protocol 2.4G : 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax5G: 802.11a/n/ac/axSupport concurrent operation of 802.11ax and 802.11a/b/g/n/ac.Operating Bands 802.11b/g/n/ac/ax: 2.4 GHz to 2.483 GHz802.11a/n/ac/ax: 5G: 5.150 GHz to 5.350 GHz, 5.47 GHz to 5.725 GHz, 5.725 GHz to 5.85GHz (Country-specific)Antenna Built-in antennaSpatial Streams 4 streamsMax Throughput 2.4G: up to 574Mbps5G: up to 1.2GbpsUp to 1.77Gbps per APModulation DSSS:DBPSK@1Mbps,DQPSK@2Mbps,**********/11MbpsOFDM: BPSK@6/9Mbps, QPSK@12/18Mbps, 16-QAM@24Mbps, 64-QAM@48/54MbpsMIMO-OFDM: QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM and1024QAMReceive Sensitivity 11a: -91dBm(1Mbps), -90dBm(5Mbps), -87dBm(11Mbps)11b/g: -89dBm(6Mbps), -82dBm(24Mbps), -78dBm(36Mbps), -72dBm(54Mbps) 11n: -85dBm@MCS0, -67dBm@MCS7, -67dBm@MCS711ac: VHT20: -85dBm(MCS0), -62dBm(MCS8)11ac: VHT40: -82dBm(MCS0), -57dBm(MCS9)11ac: VHT80: -79dBm(MCS0), -53dBm(MCS9)·11ax: HE80: -79dBm(MCS0), -53dBm(MCS9),-52dBm(MCS11)Max Transmit Power ≤100mw (20dBm)(Depending on the country of use, laws and regulations.)Transmit PowerAdjustment1 dBmDimensions(W x D x H)86mm x 116mm x 40mm Weight ≤0.3kgService Ports Four 10/100/1000Base-T LAN portsOne 10/100/1000Base-T WAN port (PoE and PoE+ capable)Management Ports One Micro USB port for console management LED Indicators One indicatorPower Supply Local power supply: DC 12V/1APoE: IEEE 802.3af/802.3at-compliant (compatible). Power Consumption < 10WBluetooth Bluetooth 4.0iBeaconTemperature Operating: -10°C to 45°C (14°F to 113°F) Storage: -40°C to 70°C (-40°F to 158°F)Humidity Operating: 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing) Storage: 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing)Installation Wall mount IP Rating IP41Safety Standards GB4943EN/IEC 60950-1EMC Standards GB9254 EN301489 EN50121 EN50155Radio China Radio Transmission Equipment Type Approval Certificate EN300 328EN301 893MTBF > 250,000H1.2 Product ImageThe AP provides two radio ports, one 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet WAN port, and four 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet LAN ports.Figure 1-1 Image of RG-AP180·Figure 1-2 Bottom View of RG-AP180Note1. Four 10/100/1000Base-T LAN portsFigure 1-3 Side View of RG-AP180Note1. Micro USB management port (Console)2. Reset button3. Port for local power supply·Figure 1-4 Rear View of RG-AP180Note1. 10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet WAN port1.3 LED IndicatorsFigure 1-5 Indicator on the APFat AP Mode State Frequency MeaningOffN/A The AP is powered off. Or the AP is in Silent mode, which can be disabled via software.Fast blinking green before solid green 2.5Hz (fast blinking green)Initialization is in progress. The AP is operational.Fast blinking red2.5HzFirmware upgrade in progress. Do not power off the AP.Blinking orange 1Hz AP is operational.Fit AP Mode State Frequency Meaning OffN/AThe AP is powered off. Or the AP is in Silent mode, which can be disabled via·software.Fast blinking green before solid green 2.5Hz (fast blinking green)Initialization is in progress. The AP is operational.Fast blinkingred2.5Hz Firmware upgrade in progress. Do not power off the AP.Blinking orange 1Hz AP is operational and Ethernet link is down.Blinking green 1Hz AP is operational and Ethernet link is up. CAPWAP error.Slow blinkinggreen0.4Hz AP is operational and CAPWAP connection is established. At least one client isassociated.1.4 Reset ButtonTo reset the AP, you need to keep the reset button pressed for 2s or less.To restore default settings, you need to keep the reset button pressed for 3s or more.1.5 Power SourcesRG-AP180 supports two power supply modes: PoE and DC power supply.PoE power supply:●Input voltage range: 44-57V●Rated current: 0.3AWhen adopting PoE power supply, make sure the peer end also supports 802.3af/802.3at.DC power supply:●Input voltage range: 12V●Rated current: 1A1.6 Cooling SolutionThe AP adopts fanless design. Keep enough space around the device to guarantee airflow for proper ventilation.·2 Preparing for Installation2.1 Safety SuggestionsTo prevent device damage and bodily injury, please read carefully the safety recommendations described in this chapter.The recommendations do not cover all possible hazardous situations.2.2 Installation●Do not expose the AP to high temperature, dusts, or harmful gases.●Do not install the AP in an inflammable or explosive environment.●Keep the AP away from EMI sources such as large radar stations, radio stations, and substations.●Do not subject the AP to unstable voltage, vibration, and noises.●Keep the installation site dry. Installing the device near sea is not recommended.●Keep the AP at least 500 meters away from the seaside and do not face it toward the wind from the sea.●The installation site should be free from water flooding, seepage, dripping, or condensation.●The installation site shall be selected according to network planning and features of communications equipment, andconsiderations such as climate, hydrology, geology, earthquake, electric power, and transportation.2.3 Temperature and HumidityRequired temperature and humidity are as follows:●Operating temperature: -10°C to 45°C (14°F to 113°F)●Operating humidity: 5% to 95% RH (non-condensing)2.4 CleannessDust poses a serious threat to device operation. Dust that falls onto the surface of the device can be absorbed onto metalcontact points by static electricity, resulting in poor contact. Electrostatic absorption of dust occurs more easily when therelative humidity is low, which may shorten the service life of the device and cause communication failures. Table 2-2shows the maximum concentration and diameter of dust allowed in the equipment room.Table 2-1Maximum diameter (μm) 0.5 1 3 5Maximum concentration1.4×1077×1052.4×105 1.3×105(Particles/m3)·Besides, the contents of salts, acids and sulfides in the air are also strictly limited for the equipment room. Thesesubstances can accelerate metal corrosion and the aging of some parts. Table 2-3 describes the limit of some hazardousgases such as SO2, H2S, NO2 and Cl2 in the equipment room.Table 2-2Gas Average (mg/m3) Maximum (mg/m3)SO20.2 1.5H2S 0.006 0.03NO20.04 0.15NH30.05 0.15Cl20.01 0.32.5 Power Supply●PoE injector: IEEE 802.3at/af compliant●DC power adapter:Input voltage: 12VRated current: 1.0ATechnical Specifications of the DC ConnectorInner Diameter Outer Diameter Insertion Depth Polarity2.1mm 5.5mm 10mmInner pole: positive Outer pole: negativeThe DC input power should be greater than the power actually consumed by the system. The input power for the RG-AP180 should not be lower than 10W.Use DC power adapters with specifications recommended by Ruijie.Please use Ruijie certified PoE injectors.2.6 EMI ConsiderationVarious interference sources, from either outside or inside the equipment or application system, affect the system in the conductive ways such as capacitive coupling, inductive coupling, and electromagnetic radiation. There are two types of electromagnetic interferences: radiated interference and conducted interference, depending on the type of the propagation path. When the energy, often RF energy, from a component arrives at a sensitive component via the space,·the energy is known as radiated interference. The interference source can be both a part of the interfered system and acompletely electrically isolated unit. Conducted interference results from the electromagnetic wire or signal cableconnection between the source and the sensitive component, along the cable the interference conducts from one unit toanother. Conducted interference often affects the power supply of the equipment, but can be controlled by a filter.Radiated interference may affect any signal path in the equipment, and is difficult to shield.●Effective measures should be taken for the power system to prevent the interference from the electric grid.●The working ground of the routers should be properly separated and kept as far as possible from the groundingdevice of the power equipment or the anti-lightning grounding device.●Keep the equipment away from high-power radio transmitter, radar transmitting station, and high-frequencylarge-current device.●Measures must be taken to isolate static electricity.2.7 Installation ToolsCommon Tools Phillips (crosshead) screwdriver, copper and fiber cables, bolts, diagonal pliers, cable ties straight screwdriver (for the removal of the cover)Special Tools Wire stripper, crimping pliers, RJ-45 crimping pliers, punch down tool, anti-static tools Meter Multimeter, bit error rate tester (BERT)The listed tools, apart from bolts, are customer supplied.·3 Installing the Access PointMake sure you have carefully read Chapter 2, and be sure that the requirements set forth in Chapter 2 have beenmet.3.1 Installation Flowchart3.2 Before You BeginTo ensure normal operation and a prolonged useful life of the equipment, observe the following safety precautions:●Install the device in a well-ventilated location.●Do not subject the device to high temperatures.●Keep away from high voltage cables.●Install the device indoors.●Do not expose the device in a thunderstorm or strong electric field.●Keep the device clean and dust-free.●Disconnect the device before cleaning it.●Do not wipe the device with a damp cloth.●Do not wash the device with liquid.●Do not open the enclosure when the AP is working.●Fasten the device tightly.3.3 Installing the Access PointDisconnect the device before installing or moving it.Make sure that the screws are of fine quality.Be sure that the equipment is installed in a place where it is easy to be observed.·1) Loosen screws on the 86-type faceplate that is mounted on the wall. (Skip this step if the faceplate has not beenmounted.)Figure 3-1 Loosen Screws on the Faceplate2) Connect the uplink cable to the UpLNK port.Figure 3-2 Connect Cables to Ports3) Align screw holes on both sides of the device over those on the faceplate. And then tighten screws with ascrewdriver.Figure 3-3 Tighten Screws with a Screwdriver4) Install the plate cover in the way as shown in the following figure.Figure 3-4 Install the Cover5) Compete the installation.Figure 3-5 Cover for RG-AP1803.4 Removing the Plate CoverYou can use a straight screwdriver to remove the plate cover as constructed in the following figure. Figure 3-6 Removing the Plate Cover·Hardware Installation and Reference Guide System Debugging4 System Debugging4.1 Setting up a Debugging EnvironmentUse a power adapter or PoE to power the AP.Setting up the Environment● Verify that the AP is properly connected to the power source. ● Connect the AP to a wireless controller through a twisted pair cable.● When the AP is connected to a PC for debugging, verify that the PC and PoE switch are properly grounded.4.2 Powering Up the AP4.2.1 Checking before power-up● Verify that the power supply is properly connected.● Verify that the input voltage matches the specification of the AP.4.2.2 Checking after power-up (recommended)After powering up, it is recommended that you check the following to ensure normal operation of the AP.● Check if any message is displayed on the Web-based configuration interface for the wireless controller. ● Check if the LED works normally.4.3 Reset/Restore Default SettingsThe reset button is hidden in a hole and used by technical support personnel. To avoid abnormal operation, do not use this button without consultation with technical support personnel.4.3.1 System ResetRemove the cover. Insert an iron stick, 1mm or less in diameter, into the hole, and slightly press it. After hearing a click, keep the stick in the same position for 2s. The system reset is complete.4.3.2 Restore Default SettingsRemove the cover. Insert an iron stick, 1mm or less in diameter, into the hole, and slightly press it. After hearing a click, keep the stick in the same position for 3s. Default settings are restored.5 Monitoring and Maintenance5.1 MonitoringYou can observe the LED to monitor the AP in operation.●Fast blinking green followed by solid green: The AP is being initialized and is operational.●Blinking red: The AP is upgrading programs firmware. Do not power off the AP.●Blinking orange: The AP is operational. The Ethernet link is down.●Blinking green (1Hz): The AP is operational, and the Ethernet link is up. But the CAPWAP connection is faulty.●Blinking green (0.4Hz): The AP is operational. The CAPWAP connection is OK. At least one client is associated withthe AP.●Blinking green (one flash every 4 seconds): The AP is operational. No clients are associated with the AP. Thesystem is in the low consumption mode.5.2 Remote Maintenance●If the AP operates as a Fat AP, you can login in to the AP remotely for maintenance.●If the AP operates as a Fit AP, you can use the wireless controller to centrally manage and maintain the AP.5.3 Hardware Maintenance●If the hardware is faulty, please contact our Technical Assistance Center (TAC) for help.6 Troubleshooting6.1 Troubleshooting Flowchart6.2 TroubleshootingLED does not light up after the AP is powered onVerify that the power source is IEEE 802.11af compliant. And then verify that the cable is connected properly.Orange LED blinks after the Ethernet cable is connectedVerify that the device at the other end of the Ethernet cable is working properly. And then verify that the Ethernet cable is capable of providing the required data rate and is properly connected.Wireless client cannot find the AP1) Follow the above-mentioned two steps.2) Verify that the AP is configured correctly.3) Adjust the transmit power.4) Move the client device to adjust the distance between the client and the AP.The installation instruction above is based on RG-AP180. The actual product prevails.·Hardware Installation and Reference Guide Appendix A Connectors and MediaAppendix A Connectors and Media1000BASE-T/100BASE-TX/10BASE-TThe 1000BASE-T/100BASE-TX/10BASE-T is a 10/100/1000 Mbps auto-negotiation port that supports auto MDI/MDIX. Compliant with IEEE 802.3ab, 1000BASE-T requires Category 5e 100-ohm UTP or STP (STP is recommended) with a maximum distance of 100 meters (328 feet).1000BASE-T requires all four pairs of wires be connected for data transmission, as shown in Figure A-1.Figure A-1 1000BASE-T Connection10BASE-T uses Category 3, 4, 5 100-ohm UTP/STP and 1000BASE-T uses Category 5 100-ohm UTP/STP forconnections. Both support a maximum length of 100 meters. Table A-1 shows 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T pin assignments. Table A-1 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T Pin AssignmentsFigure A-2 shows wiring of straight-through and crossover cables for 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T.Figure A-2 100BASE-TX/10BASE-T Connection。
无线路由器中英文外文翻译文献
无线路由器中英文外文翻译文献本文介绍了一些关于无线路由器的中英文外文翻译文献，并对其进行简要介绍。
- Author: John Smith- Author: Jane Johnson- Published in: Journal of Wireless Networking3. Title: "Securing Wireless Routers: Best Practices and Vulnerabilities"- Author: David Lee- Published in: Journal of Internet Security4. Title: "Wireless Router Placement for Optimal Coverage: A Case Study"- Author: Sarah Chen- Summary: This case study investigates the optimal placement of wireless routers to achieve maximum coverage. It explores factors thataffect signal strength and coverage, such as obstacles and interference, and proposes strategies for router placement to improve network performance and expand coverage in different environments.以上是一些关于无线路由器的中英文外文翻译文献的简要介绍。
这些文献涵盖了无线路由器的技术、性能评估、安全性和优化方面的研究，有助于了解无线路由器的相关知识和应用。
Linksys N600 PRO Wi-Fi Range Extender 说明书
Numerous factors can affect the signal strength going from a high-performance router to certain areas of your home. Building materials, interference from appliances, and even a house’s structure can hinder Wi-Fi coverage. The Linksys N600 PRO Wi-Fi Range Extender strengthens and extends your Wi-Fi signal to eliminate dead spots and increase the wireless range throughout your home.Thanks to dual bands (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz), the Linksys N600 PRO Wi-Fi Range Extender can deliver data transfer speeds of up to N300 Mbps + N300 Mbps* so you can stream videos and play online games without interference. Now with Cross-Band technology, the dual wireless bands can simultaneously receive information on one band, while transmitting on the other, effectively reducing dropped data packets and delivering a stronger, more consistent signal throughout your home. Using any mobile device, Spot Finder T echnology shows you where to place your range extender for optimal performance. Then simply follow the prompts for a quick and easy setup. With Wi-Fi Audio, you can connect a stereo system or speakers to the Range Extender to instantly stream favorite playlists and songs from a smart device or computer.The Linksys N600 PRO Wi-Fi Range Extender features one Ethernet port to supply Internet access to your wired devices—from any appropriately located, active power outlet. Key Features and Benefits • Universal Compatibility Wireless-N technology is compatible with all a/b/g/n devices • Works With Any Router No need to modify router settings. Works with all Wi-Fi routers, including those from service providers.• Simultaneous Dual Band 2.4 and 5 GHz bands reduce traffic and maximize speed Up to 300Mbps* data transfer on each band • Cross-Band T echnology Maximizes the simultaneous use of both bands for faster data transfer speeds • Spot Finder T echnology Provides easy setup on any mobile device for optimal placement and performance. No CD required.• Wi-Fi Audio Connect a stereo system or audio speakers to the N600 PRO to wirelessly stream your favorite music from a smart device or computer • Fast Ethernet Port Wired Internet access for one device • QoS Prioritizes bandwidth for smoother media streamingRange ExtenderSPOT FINDER TECHNOLOGYUsing any mobile device, Spot Finder Technology shows youwhere to place your range extender for optimal performance.Simply follow the prompts for a quick and easy setup.DescriptionN600 PRO Wi-Fi RANGE EXTENDERPart NumberRE4100W-MEUPC 745883683222EAN 4260184665488PACKAGE CONTENTS• Linksys N600 PRO Wi-Fi Range Extender, RE4100W• Quick Installation GuideMINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS• AC power outlets• P C: Wi-Fi enabled running Windows® XP SP3, Windows 7,or Windows 8Mac: Wi-Fi enabled running Mac® OS X Leopard v10.5.8 orlater, Snow Leopard v10.6.1 or later, Lion v10.7, or MountainLion v10.8• Wireless: Existing a/b/g/n wireless router or access pointWireless Operating Spectrum:Simultaneous Dual-Band2.4 GHz and 5 GHzWireless Security:Wi-Fi Protected Setup™ buttonWPA®/WPA2® encryptionSPI firewallWEP encryptionWi-Fi RANGE EXTENDERPorts:1 Fast EthernetAntenna Type:InternalAntenna Gain:Antenna 1: 2.4GHz - 1.00dB,Antenna 2: 2.4GHz - 1.00dBAntenna 1: 5GHz - 2.00dBAntenna 2: 5GHz - 2.00dBEIRP output power:2.4GHz: 18.99 dBm5GHz: 18.93 dBmOperating Frequencies:2.4GHz: 2412-2472 MHz5GHz: 5150-5250 MHzElectrical Rating:100-240V~ 2.0A, 50/60HzProduct Weight (kg): 0.15Product Depth (cm): 3.3Product Width (cm): 9.19Product Height (cm): 15.5Unit Weight (cm): 0.49Unit Depth (cm): 8.8Unit Width (cm): 15.8Unit Height (cm): 21Case Pack Quantity (*PL): 4Case Pack Weight (kg) (*PL): 2.52Case Pack Length (cm) (*PL): 29.57Case Pack Width (cm) (*PL): 34.62Case Pack Height (cm) (*PL): 25.4Linksys Pte. Ltd. c/o Belkin BVTupolevlaan 1, 1119 NW Schiphol-Rijk, The NetherlandsMade in T aiwanBelkin, Linksys and many product names and logos are trademarks of the Belkin group of companies. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. Wi-Fi and Wi-Fi Protected Setup are either trademarks or registered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. The Wi-Fi CERTIFIED Logo and the Wi-Fi Protected Setup Identifier Mark are either trademarks or registered trademarks of the Wi-Fi Alliance. Mac, Mac OS, and the Mac logo are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Windows is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. 14PB032 Specifications are subject to change without notice. An active, customer-purchased Internet Service Provider broadband account is required for connection to the Internet.*Maximum performance derived from IEEE Standard 802.11 specification. Actual performance can vary, including lower wireless network capacity, data throughput rate, range, andcoverage. Performance depends on many factors, conditions, and variables, including distance from the access point, volume of network traffic, building materials and construction,operating system used, mix of wireless products used, interference, and other adverse conditions.†Range specifications are based on performance test results under normal use case conditions. Actual ranges will increase or decrease depending on wireless obstructions, operatingenvironments and building material. Wireless coverage claims are used only as reference and are not guaranteed as each wireless network is unique.Secure push-button setup works with devices that support Wi-Fi Protected Setup like Linksys Wireless-AC routers and others.May require a software/firmware update available for download at /supportWarranty2-Y ear Limited WarrantySpeakers connect directly to the range extender to enable wireless sound that can becontrolled from anywhere in and around your home, using a smartphone, tablet, or laptop.STREAM MUSIC WIRELESSLY FROM ANYWHERE IN YOUR HOME.Audio Jack。
Philips 电视播放器固件升级指南说明书
Introduction: Philips strives to continually bring you the best experience from our products. To obtain the optimal performance and latest features, you are highly recommended to upgrade the firmware of your player. Preparation for firmware upgrade:Get your player connected to internet via LAN cable or wireless internet network.Upgrade Procedures:Step 1: Check your current firmware version1. Turn on the player.2. Press the [SETTINGS ] button on the remote control, select [Device ID and information ] >[Software version ] on the screen of your player by pressing ▲or ▼ (Up / Down keys).3. The firmware version will be displayed on the screen.4. Compare the firmware version displayed to the latest version. If the existing firmware in your player is of an earlier version than the new release, please proceed to Step 2.Otherwise, the latest firmware is installed and hence an upgrade is not needed. Step 2: Upgrade the firmware for your player1. Turn on your player.2. Press the [SETTINGS ] button on the remote control.3. Press ▲or ▼ (Up / Down keys) to select [Check for software upgrades], then press OK .4. A message will be displayed on the screen if a new firmware is detected:New software is available for your product. Do you wish to install the software (see manual for conditions)?5. Click Yes to start downloading the firmware.6. The upgrading process will start automatically after your download.7. Once firmware upgrade is complete, your player will restart automatically.Step 3: Confirm upgrade successfulness1.Go over ‘Step 1 Check your current firmware version ’ to verify if the new firmware is correctly upgraded. 2. If the latest firmware has not been installed, repeat ‘Step 2 Upgrade the firmware for your player ’ and ‘Step 3 Confirm upgrade successfulness’. 1. Check your current firmware version 2. Upgrade the firmware for your player 3. Confirm upgrade successfulness。
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Optimal Wireless Network Performance1MissionOther then the superconducting field, TST also associated with international brands in developing a completed product line in wireless systems solutions and is driven by customer focus and technical innovation. We are apacesetting provider of subsystems and components for all wirelesstechnology platforms. Our solutions enable seamless integration oftechnologies, and condition and enhance the RF link to enable the ultimate end-user wireless experience.Network Integration Products Base Station RF SubsystemsANFz Adaptive Notch Filterz Dynamically eliminates in-band interference in CDMA networksz Improves coverage andcapacityz Reduces mobile Tx powerz Works with any vendor’s BTS RF2z Ultra linear LNA receivers,multi-couplers, filters andduplexersz Improves receive performance of all types of cellular networksz Improves coverage, capacityand data throughputz Fully integrates with Lucent and Motorola BTSANF Product PortfolioANFAdaptive Notch FilterANF AoWAdaptive Notch Filter (ANF)Extremely rapid identification (scanning)Dynamic interferer removalzNotch active only when interferer is presentWeb based network management tool9Notches only applied when interferers are present9Maximum effective utilization of CDMA Traffic potentialPowerOAM/ BITENotch filtersController/ ScannerRepeats for diversity channelMain DiversityUplink Interference in CDMA/UMTS NetworksThe presence of narrow-band interference in the network disrupts the equilibrium assumed in the site-planning phase, directly impairs capacity, increases IAs and LCs,and degrades the customer experience.NBI “rogue’s gallery”may include:•Cross border transmission from narrow-bandair interfaces (TDMA/AMPS/GSM etc.),•Intermodulation products at co-located sites,•High order harmonics from high power FMtransmitters,•Illegal transmissions,•Etc…→A method for mitigating the effects of interference would be a valuable tool for improving the health of real world networksAdaptive Interference Removal: The effects of a “smart filter”Identification and removal of excess power in a carrier frees up capacity for users.In-band interferer is sapping capacity in this CDMA carrier……which causes anincrease in mobile T xpower, reducingchannel headroomInterferer has beenidentified and eliminated by the ANF……resulting in mobile Txpower comparable to the interference free carriers and a significant increase in available capacity.ANF Network BenefitsIneffective Attempts -Daily Total50010001500200025003000DateANF deployed2.4% hourly average BEFORE ANF1.1% hourly average AFTER ANFLost Calls -Daily Total100200300400500600700800DateANF deployed 2.6% hourly average BEFOREANF1.5% hourly average AFTERANFEffects of In-Band Interference on Coverage & Capacity12345510152025Capacity Per Sector [channels]C e l l -S i t e R a d i u s [k m ]Lost Coverage Due to In-Band InterferenceRecovered Coverage Due to ANFLost / Recovered Capacity Due to In-Band InterferenceMinimum 20 KHzANF on WheelsComplete 3-sector ANF packageIncludes:z CDMA wireless modemz Interference analysis softwareOptimize network performancez Defeat interference hot spotsz Identify network interferencez Interference measurement tool•Frequency•Time-of-Day•Duration9Simplified installation for rapid deploymentRF2Product PortfolioRF2Lowers Mobile Tx PowerIncreases Capacity and CoverageNortel Samsung Motorola LucentOther Vendors4812 Indoor4812 OutdoorIn developing & field testingRF2for Lucent and MotorolaLucent Series II versionz Plug-and-play replacement for existing hardwarez Full O&M integrationz Significant RF performanceimprovement Motorola 4812 versionz Plug-and-play replacement /add-on for existing hardwarez Full O&M integrationz Significant RF performanceimprovementRF 2for Nortel Metro CellANT 1RX0RX1TST RF 2Metro CellMAIN OUTDIV OUT TRMT3D3T5NortelTST RF 2Metro Cell product installation interface to a Nortel Metro Cell single sector MFRM (MultipleFrequency Radio Module) showing DR (Digital Rack) interconnects between the DPM (Duplexer Pre-selector Module), RF 2module and the TRM (Transmit Receive Module)DPMD6D2D3D5NortelTXT8D3PAM NortelP5P4IMFNortelF2F1D8RF 2for Samsung FCUSamsung FCUTXRXLNALNAMCMCduplexerBPFBPFBPFTST 4way splitter-40-50-40-50TST Directional couplerTST Directional CouplerRF 2Network BenefitsTotal Calls and Total Good Calls With and Without RF2905000091000009150000920000092500009300000Total CallsGood CallsTotal and Total Good CallsN u m b e r o f C a l l sGrand Total Without RF2 10/12/04-10/14/04Grand Total With RF2 11/9/04-11/11/04Access Denied Calls20000400006000080000100000120000140000160000180000Grand Total Without RF2 10/12/04-10/14/04Grand Total With RF2 11/9/04-11/11/04Access Denies With and Without RF2A c c e s s D e n i e sAccess Denied Calls32 % Reduction in Access DeniesMonth over Month Comparison of Drop Calls50010001500200025003000Cluster Without RF2Cluster With RF2Cluster StateT o t a l D r o p C a l l sDrop Calls62% Reduction Lost CallsMobile Transmit P ow er-39-38-37-36-35-34-33-32-31-30-29-28-27-26-25-24-23-229:54:479:54:579:55:079:55:179:55:279:55:379:55:479:55:579:56:079:56:179:56:279:56:379:56:479:56:579:57:079:57:179:57:279:57:379:57:479:57:579:58:079:58:179:58:279:58:379:58:479:58:579:59:079:59:179:59:279:59:379:59:479:59:5710:00:07TimeM o b i l e T X P o w e rMobileTransmitPower 2 per. Mov. Avg.(M bil T itP)6 dB Rise in Handset Power WithoutRF 2RF 2ONRF 2OFFRF 2ONRF Conditioning Positions Networks for 3G and BeyondRF2Integrated solutionz Tight integration supports direct replacement or add onz Transparent to diagnosticsIntegrate Multiple Air Interfacesz Utilize existing cablesz Duplex existing sitesz Enable HSDPAImprove Performancez Increase building penetrationz Improve coverageBest price to performanceAntenna Combining Overlay SolutionsTST Diplexer 1900/2100 MHz BTS850 MHz BTSA. Combined 1900/2100 + 850 MHz Antenna and Common Coaxial Lines850 MHz BTSTST 1900/2100 Duplexer and LNATST 850 Duplexer, LNA and BPF1900/2100 MHzBTSTST 850 Duplexer, LNA and BPFTST 1900/2100 Duplexer andLNATST DiplexerTST DiplexerBase StationTowerB. Separate 1900/2100 and 850 MHz Antennas and Common Coaxial LinesAntenna Combining Overlay Solutions (contd.)1900/2100 MHzBTS850 MHz BTSC. Combined 1900/2100 + 850 MHz Antenna with Separate Coaxial Lines850 MHz BTSTST 1900/2100 Duplexer and LNATST 850 Duplexer, LNA and BPF1900/2100 MHzBTSTST 850 Duplexer, LNA and BPFTST 1900/2100 Duplexer andLNABase StationTowerD. Separate 1900/2100 and 850 MHz Antennas and Coaxial LinesTST DiplexerTST SII RF 2Duplexed Panelf (MHz)Rejection (dBc, min.)851-86540865-89480Parameter SpecificationPassband 824-846.5 MHz (A Band), 835-849 MHz (B Band)Gain43 +/-0.5 dB Gain Variation +/-0.35 dBNoise Figure 1.4 dB max (B-band), 1.2 dB max (A-band)OIP341 dBm VSWR (input/output) 1.5 / 1.2MTTF> 1,200,000 HoursTST SII RF 2Receive PanelF (MHz)Rejection (dBc, min.)851-86540 dBc 865-89480 dBcParameter SpecificationPassband 824-846.5 MHz (A Band), 835-849 MHz (B Band)Gain43 +/-0.5 dB Gain Variation +/-.35 dBNoise Figure 1.2 dB max (A-band), 1.4 dB max (B-band)OIP341 dBm VSWR (input/output) 1.5 / 1.2MTTF> 1,200,000 HoursDiplexer –850 Cellular/1900 PCS Bands* Various mounting styles for BTS or Tower Top installationRF connectorsTBD by customerPass band825-894 and 1850-1990Insertion Loss0.5 dB (max)VSWR 1.29:1Cellular Band Rejection80 dBPCS Band Rejection100 dBCellular Band Power Handling 500 WPCS Band Power handling250 WSII RF 2Duplexer Panelf (MHz)Rejection (dBc, min.)851-86540865-89480Parameter SpecificationPassband 824-846.5 MHz (A Band), 835-849 MHz (B Band)Gain43 +/-0.5 dB Gain Variation +/-0.35 dBNoise Figure 1.4 dB max (B-band), 1.2 dB max (A-band)OIP341 dBm VSWR (input/output) 1.5 / 1.2MTTF> 1,200,000 HoursTx Filters for Cellular BandParameter SpecificationRF Connectors Type NPass Band869-891.5 MHzInsertion Loss< 1dB (typ)VSWR 1.35:1Ripple0.25 dB (max)Passive IMD<-110 dBm w/2 +43 dBm input tonesOperating Temp-20 to + 70 CPower Handling5 kW PIP, 2.5 kW PEPUltra Performance FiltersB-Band Transmit Filter ResponseRF connectors Type NPass band880-894 MHzInsertion Loss <1 dB (typ)VSWR 1.35:1Ripple0.25 dB (max)Passive IMD<-110 dBm w/ 2 +43 dBminput tonesOperatingtemperature-20 to +70 CPower handling100 wattsFrequency Responses-100.00-90.00-80.00-70.00-60.00-50.00-40.00-30.00-20.00-10.000.000.800.820.840.860.880.900.920.94Freq (GHz)Magnitude(dB)S11(dB)S21(dB)MPB TX Filter has Extremely Low Pass Band Insertion Loss < 1 dB With a Minimum of60 dB Rejection at 896 MHzRF2Multi-couplerIntegrating Multiple Technologies –High PerformanceParameter Specification –Bays:1, 2 and 3 Specification –Bays: 4, 5 and 6FrequencyRange824-849 MHz824-849 MHzGain> 10 dB > 5 dB Noise Figure 1 dB max 1.8 dB maxSystem NFImprovementUp to 6 dB NAIIP313 dBmReturn loss(I/O)20 dB minADM Enabling TechnologiesPCS TMA Productsz Migrating to Solid Statez Integrates with ADMNumber of RF paths 1Frequency Range 1930-1990 MHz for Tx and 1850-1910MHz for RxRx to Tx Rejection 90 dBGain 12 ± 0.5dB low gain optionNoise Figure 1.8 dBOIP3 22 dBmReturn Loss 18 dBTower Mount HTS Filter Sub-systemTST Near-Antenna Filter Systems Benefits:z Increased Capacity z Increased Coveragez Improved Service Quality z More Minutes usezIncreased Revenue and Lower Capital Costs zLight weightsuperconducting filter with reliable environment controlsystemSolving the Wireless Coverage ChallengeUltra Performance Filters HTS Rx Filter ResponseParameter SpecificationPassband 1.935GHz ~ 1.955 GHz (20 MHz)Slope>70 dB/MHzRejection> -110 dBInsertion Loss< 0.2 dBReturn Loss< -15 dBKey Criteria for ‘New Product’DevelopmentConsistent with TST’s strategyz RF, interference control, radio link conditioningz Leverages existing operator, OEM and indirect channelsz Extension of existing core competencies BUT…Delivered via highest value added segmentsz Components/modulesz Enabling infrastructure/softwareLeveraging major identified trendsz Operator consolidationz Mixed use and unregulated spectrum deploymentz Physical and regulatory constraints on new towersz New data centric access technologiesNext Generation Products“FAST”Filter (Frequency Amplitude Space Time) z Dynamic in-band interference eliminationz Full digital receiver implementationz Frequency, amplitude, time and space domainsz Hardware and embedded “virtual”versionsMultiple Air-Interface Multiplexer (“MaXR”)z Active RF multiplexingz Combines multiple RF sources on a single antennaz Multiple technologies, multiple bandsz Active control of interference and intermodulation distortionNeed for FASTLimited wireless performance causes poor customer satisfaction, higher infrastructure spending, or bothMuch interference resistant to search-and-destroy methodsz Variable in time, place, cause, andtypeLimited or high-cost spectrum forces re-mining of bandsz Two different and incompatibletechnologies share the samefrequencies(example: GSM and WCDMA at 850MHz, like Cingular)z Proper frequency and propagationplanning will make it work…but notwell Solution highlightsLimitations of current technologyNeed a solution that:z Knows nature of what is supposedto be in each bandz Knows nature of likely interferersz Can quickly and adaptivelyseparate the signal from the noiseFAST Digital ‘Notch’FiltersInterference removal methodology:Deploy digital ‘notches’when interference is detected by the controllerA digital mixer shifts detected interference down to align with the digital filters Clean signal is digitally mixed back up to the RFxFFTRFDigital frequency control input from scannerFAST Filter RoadmapOperators Need Multiple Antenna SetsOperators use multiple frequencies and technologies z Cingular•800 and 1900 MHz GSM, TDMA and 1900MHz UMTS z Sprint/Nextel•800, 900 and 1900 MHz iDEN•1900 MHz CDMA• 2.1x GHzz Verizon•800 MHz (AMPS and CDMA) and 1900 MHz (CDMA)Future more complicatedz WiFi, WiMax, DVB-H, Media-FLO on towersz700 MHz, 2100 MHz, 2500 MHz auctionsA Large Consolidated Operator’s ArchitectureTx1/Rx TDMA -Tx1/Rx1Tx/Rx1TDMA –T T 850Tx Tx R OutRx In OutTx2/Rx2Rx1 out Rx2 outTx1/Rx1Tx2/Rx2Rx1Rx2GSM -850GSM -850Rx1Rx2850TxTx2/Rx2GSM -1900Rx2Rx1 out Rx2 outUMTS -1900Rx1Rx21900Tx1MCPA 850Tx In1 Tx In2Tx In3Tx1x DUPxDUP Rx Rx Tx DUP DIP 8501900DIP 8501900DIP 8501900DIP 8501900DIP8501900TMADIP1900TMA85019008501900Dx OutRx In OutDxDxRxTower Topx OutRx In OutOutRx In OutBase StationRxMaXR RoadmapPhaseCustomer Number of Operators Air InterfaceExample2006200720082009I II III IVOperator OperatorOperator or TowerCompanyOperator or TowerCompany 1123or moreTDMA/GSM 800+UMTS 1900ANY 800+WCDMA 1900ANY + ANYANY + ANY + ANYGSM 800+UMTS 1900CDMA 800+ WCDMA 1900CDMA 800+ UMTS 1900WiMax+ GSM 800+ WCDMA 1900Isolation Device D-ANF DIF DIFSpatial DIF/MIMOMaXR Phase IMaXR Phase IIBenefits of MaXR MultiplexingMultiple modulation front end technologyCombines multiple freq. bands, multiple technologies Incorporates state of the art filteringIntegrates combining, duplexing and amplificationInterconnects minimized, fewer IM sourcesProprietary digital filtering mitigates interferenceTST Solution AdvantageCustomer FocusedA Large Seamless Integration Tool KitLegacy of Technical InnovationNimble, Flexible, FocusedHighly Tailored SolutionsCulture of Execution Excellence & Quality Future Vision: Simplify Network ComplexitySummaryThe ANF product line is focused on CDMA systems, while the RF Square and other solutions are more generic in application.These products eliminate the effects of in-band and out-of-band interference. We have recently introduced a sophisticated but cost-effective solution called RF Square. The RF Square is a reverse-link front-end solution developed out of our years of experience with radio frequency, and it improves the base station coverage integrity and eliminates dead zones.TST has the broadest range of interference-control solutions in the industry. Its ANF (Adaptive Notch Filter) line is the only patented product in the world that suppresses in-band interference in a CDMA carrier within 20 milliseconds. TST also provides the widest range of configurations for HTS out-of-band interference solutions that support cellular, PCS, 2.5G and 3G systems. Its products include the smallest, failure-proof all-temperature HTS filter on the market today, the patented ATP system. TST has also developed ultra-high-performance superconducting front-end products, including both transmitter and receiver products for emerging data-capable WCDMA and CDMA 2000 systems.。