宾语从句大揭秘,轻轻松松赢中考!论文
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
宾语从句大揭秘,轻轻松松赢中考!
宾语从句是初中英语教材中重点语法之一,也是中考一个重要的考查热点,更是英语学习的难点之一。
只要细心观察,仔细品味,宾语从句还是有规律可循的,现用具体实例对宾语从句规律进行大揭秘,希望对同学们的中考备战起到“抛砖引玉,指点迷津”的作用。
应对宾语从句的关键在于:把握其基本特点,分清类型,实现各个击破,现分步揭秘如下:
一、宾语从句
它是主从复合句的一种。
主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。
主句是复合句的主体,从句仅仅是主句的一个成分,它从属于主句,不能独立。
从句在全句中充当什么成分,就叫什么从句。
在全句中作宾语的句子就叫宾语从句。
eg. 1、we know that mr green teaches english.
2、she asked if these answers were right.
3、do you know where she lives?
4、could you please tell me when she will come back?
二、宾语从句三要素
1、选好引导词:
主句+that(可以省略)+主语 +谓语部分
主句+if/weather(是否)+主语 +谓语部分
主句+特殊疑问词who,whom,whose,which,whatwhere,how,
why,when +主语 +谓语部分
2、时态规律:主现从不限,主过从也过,真金不怕火炼。
(1)、主句用一般现在时,宾语从句可以根据实际情况选用各种时态。
例如:
i don’t think (that) you are right.
please tell us where we’ll go fishing tomorrow.
do you know when mr. smith moved here?
(2)、如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去某一时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。
例如:
he told me that he was born in beijing in 2010.
he said that he would go back to the u.s. soon.
(3)、如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象时,宾语从句仍然用一般现在时。
即使主句用了过去时,从句仍用一般现在时。
例如:
the teacher said that the earth moves around the sun. father told me the sun always rises in the east.
3、陈述语序:
宾语从句的结构必须是陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。
例如:they are doing homework.
do you know where she lives ?
his parents wanted to know what he was doing at that time.
三、区别whether, if 引导的宾语从句
一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:
1、当句末为or not时,引导词只能用whether而不能用if. he asked me whether i was singing or not.
2、在介词后面,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
it depends on whether it is going to rain.
3、在动词不定式前,引导词只能用whether而不能用if.
we haven’t decided whether to go to beijing.
四、特殊规律特殊记
当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who,which作主语时,语序不变:eg:
1、i don’t know what’s the matter. / what’s wrong with you .
2、can you tell me who is over there?
3、could you tell me what is happening outside?
4、she asks me which is the way to the people hospital. 其中例句3中could不是过去时,而是起到表达委婉语气的作用,主句视为一般现在时,从句时态可根据具体情况灵活选择。
五、运用排除法解题
1、排除语序
2、排除时态(根据主句时态)
3、注重语境。
六、中考链接:
() 1. he asked me___________. (2010天津,42)
a. when will we have
b. when we will have
c. when would we have
d. when we would have
() 2. i can”t find mike. could you tell me___________?——he is in the library (2012四川成都,44)
a. what he is
b. how he is
c. where he is
() 3 .——what did the doctor say to you ?
——he asked me___________.(2012 浙江金华)
a. that i had a bad cold.
b. whether did i need to drink some water.
c. how long i had been like that
d. if there is something wrong with me
4. i want to know___________ .(他是否跟我们一起去大连)
5. i didn’t know___________ . (妈妈什么时候回来)
6. 汤姆告诉我光比声音速度快。
7. 老师问你怎么了。
答案:1.d 2. c 3 .c
4.if/weather he will go to dalian with us.
5.when motherwould come back.
6.tom told me the light is faster than the sound.
7.the teather asked what’s wrong with you ./what’s the matte with you .
最后用一个顺口溜来帮助同学们巧记宾语从句:宾语从句三大点:引导词是关键,
that引导陈述句,一般疑问if(weather)连,特殊疑问不用变。
陈述语序记心间,
时态复杂应记全,主过从也过,
主现从不限,真金不怕火来炼。
(作者单位:辽宁省本溪市张其寨中学 117007)。