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ContentsABSTRACT IICONTENTS IIILIST OF TABLES IXLIST OF FIGURES XIIIACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XVIReport Organization 2CHAPTER 2: THE NATIONAL STORMWATER QUALITY DATABASE (NSQD) DESCRIPTION 3Introduction 3Data Collection 4Summary of U.S. NPDES Phase I Stormwater Data in the NSQD 6Database Structure 6Site Description [Columns A through Y] 13Hydrologic Information [Columns Z through AN] 16Conventional Constituents [Columns AO through BS] 19Nutrients [Columns BU through CG] 21Metals [Columns CK through EK] 22Additional Constituents [Columns EM through HW] 24Site Descriptions and Additional Supporting Information 24Problems Encountered during NPDES Stormwater Monitoring 25Comparison of NSQD with Existing Stormwater Databases 26Land use effects 31Other Factors 31Chapter Summary 32CHAPTER 3: QA/QC PROCEDURES 33Introduction 33Quality Control/ Quality Assurance 33Unusual Monitoring Locations 34Non-Detected Analyses 42Censored Data Distribution 43Expected Percentages of Observations at Different Levels of Detection 52Effects of Non-detected Observations on Calculating Mean and Standard Deviation Values 55 Effects on Mean, Median and Coefficient of Variation Values at Different Percentages of Cens Total Suspended Solids Analyses at Different Levels of Censoring 61Summary 66CHAPTER 4: STORMWATER QUALITY DESCRIPTIONS USING THE THREE PARAMETER LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTION Introduction 67The Effects of Unusual High and Low Values on Probability Distribution Parameters 69 Analysis of Lognormality of Stormwater Constituents Parameters 72Three Parameter Lognormal Calculations 80Summary 83CHAPTER 5: IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNIFICANT FACTORS AFFECTING STORMWATER QUALITY USING THE NSQD Introduction 88Main Factors Affecting Stormwater Quality 88Effects of Stormwater Controls on Stormwater Quality 90Sampling Method Effects on Stormwater Concentrations 96Sample Compositing Procedures 101Sampling Period during Runoff Event and Selection of Events to Sample 106Type of Conveyance 108Concentration Effects Associated with Varying Amounts of Impervious Cover 113Seasonal Effects on Stormwater Quality 117Precipitation Depth Effects on Stormwater Quality 118Antecedent Period without Rain before Monitored Event 120Trends in Stormwater Quality with Time 124Summary 125CHAPTER 6: COMPARISONS OF FIRST 30-MINUTE SAMPLES TO 3-HOUR COMPOSITE SAMPLES 127 Introduction 127First Flush 127Methodology 127Initial Analyses 128Nonparametric Analyses 130Results 132Summary 133Conclusion 138CHAPTER 7: EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ON STORMWATER QUALITY 139Model Building using the NSQD 139ANOVA Evaluation of Suspended Solids Data 139Descriptive TSS Statistics 140Land Use and Geographical Area Effects for All Constituents 151Significant Land Use and Geographical Interactions Affecting MS4 Stormwater Quality 152 CHAPTER 8: EXAMPLE APPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL STORMWATER QUALITY DATABASE (TSS AND NUTRIENT Overview 170Data Availability 170Urban Data 170Rural Data 171Summary of Data and Load Calculations 172Statistical Analyses Performed 182Residential Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 182Residential Area Total Phosphorus Data Analyses 184Residential Area Total Nitrogen Data Analyses 188Commercial Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 190Commercial Area Total Phosphorus Analyses 190Commercial Area Total Nitrogen Analyses 190Industrial Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 190Industrial Area Total Phosphorus Analyses 190Industrial Area Total Nitrogen Analyses 190Summary 191CHAPTER 9: FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS 192Introduction 192Major Findings, as Reported in Report Chapters 192Findings from Chapter 2: The National Stormwater Quality Database (NSQD) Description 192 Findings from Chapter 3: QA/QC Procedures 197Findings from Chapter 4: Stormwater Quality Descriptions Using the Three Parameter Lognormal Findings from Chapter 5: Identification of Significant Factors Affecting Stormwater Quality Findings from Chapter 6: Comparisons of First 30-minute Samples to 3-hour Composite Samples Findings from Chapter 7: Effects of Land Use and Geographical Location on Stormwater Quality Findings from Chapter 8: Example Application of the National Stormwater Quality Database (TS Research Hypotheses 214Research Hypothesis 1. Lognormal distributions are robust descriptions of stormwater quality Research Hypothesis 2. Censored data can be adequately adjusted by substituting half of the Research Hypothesis 3. Different levels of imperviousness are more important than difference Research Hypothesis 4. Antecedent dry periods have a significant effect on stormwater consti Research Hypothesis 5. Outfall samples collected during the “first flush” periods of storm Recommendations for Future Stormwater Permit Monitoring Activities 216REFERENCES 217APPENDIX A: SITES INCLUDED IN THE DATABASE 220APPENDIX B: MODIFIED VALUES IN THE DATABASE 239Description 239APPENDIX C: METHODS TO ESTIMATE NON-DETECTED VALUES IN STORMWATER DATASETS 249Introduction 249Analysis of Multiple Censored Data 249APPENDIX D: UNUSUAL SITES IDENTIFIED USING XBAR PLOTS 256Evaluation of the Methods Selected to Estimate Non-Detected Observations 256Hardness 256Oil and Grease 257Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 261Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 263Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 264Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 266Ammonia (NH3) 268Nitrite and Nitrate (NO2 + NO3) 270Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) 272Total Phosphorus 274Dissolved Phosphorus 275Total Cooper (Cu) 277Total Lead 279Total Zinc 280Sites with Unusual TSS Concentrations for Different Land Uses 283Residential and Mixed Residential Locations 283Commercial and Mixed Commercial Locations 285Industrial and Mixed Industrial Locations 289APPENDIX E: FIRST FLUSH TABLES 333Description 333APPENDIX F: DETAILED STATISTICAL TEST RESULTS TO IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT LAND USE AND GEOGRAPHI pH 347Temperature 359Hardness 364Oil and Grease 373Total Dissolved Solids 380Total Suspended Solids 388Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 5 day (BOD5) 396Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 404Ammonia (NH3) 411Nitrite plus Nitrate (NO2 + NO3) 417Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) 424Total Phosphorus (P) 431Dissolved Phosphorus (dissolved – P) 438Total Copper (μg/L) (Cu) 445Total Lead (μg/L) (Pb) 453Total Zinc (μg/L) (Zn) 461218<Title Action="GoTo" Page="18 ">Report Organization 2</Title>319<Title Action="GoTo" Page="19 ">CHAPTER 2: THE NATIONAL STORMWATER QUALITY DATABA 319<Title Action="GoTo" Page="19 ">Introduction 3</Title>420<Title Action="GoTo" Page="20 ">Data Collection 4</Title>622<Title Action="GoTo" Page="22 ">Summary of U.S. NPDES Phase I Stormwater Data in 622<Title Action="GoTo" Page="22 ">Database Structure 6</Title>1329<Title Action="GoTo" Page="29 ">Site Description [Columns A through Y] 13</Title> 1632<Title Action="GoTo" Page="32 ">Hydrologic Information [Columns Z through AN] 16< 1935<Title Action="GoTo" Page="35 ">Conventional Constituents [Columns AO through BS] 2137<Title Action="GoTo" Page="37 ">Nutrients [Columns BU through CG] 21</Title> 2238<Title Action="GoTo" Page="38 ">Metals [Columns CK through EK] 22</Title>2440<Title Action="GoTo" Page="40 ">Additional Constituents [Columns EM through HW] 2 2440<Title Action="GoTo" Page="40 ">Site Descriptions and Additional Supporting Infor 2541<Title Action="GoTo" Page="41 ">Problems Encountered during NPDES Stormwater Moni 2642<Title Action="GoTo" Page="42 ">Comparison of NSQD with Existing Stormwater Datab 3147<Title Action="GoTo" Page="47 ">Land use effects 31</Title>3147<Title Action="GoTo" Page="47 ">Other Factors 31</Title>3248<Title Action="GoTo" Page="48 ">Chapter Summary 32</Title>3349<Title Action="GoTo" Page="49 ">CHAPTER 3: QA/QC PROCEDURES 33</Title>3349<Title Action="GoTo" Page="49 ">Introduction 33</Title>3349<Title Action="GoTo" Page="49 ">Quality Control/ Quality Assurance 33</Title> 3450<Title Action="GoTo" Page="50 ">Unusual Monitoring Locations 34</Title>4258<Title Action="GoTo" Page="58 ">Non-Detected Analyses 42</Title>4359<Title Action="GoTo" Page="59 ">Censored Data Distribution 43</Title>5268<Title Action="GoTo" Page="68 ">Expected Percentages of Observations at Different 5571<Title Action="GoTo" Page="71 ">Effects of Non-detected Observations on Calculati 5672<Title Action="GoTo" Page="72 ">Effects on Mean, Median and Coefficient of Variat 6177<Title Action="GoTo" Page="77 ">Total Suspended Solids Analyses at Different Leve 6682<Title Action="GoTo" Page="82 ">Summary 66</Title>6783<Title Action="GoTo" Page="83 ">CHAPTER 4: STORMWATER QUALITY DESCRIPTIONS USING 6783<Title Action="GoTo" Page="83 ">Introduction 67</Title>6985<Title Action="GoTo" Page="85 ">The Effects of Unusual High and Low Values on Pro 7288<Title Action="GoTo" Page="88 ">Analysis of Lognormality of Stormwater Constituen 8096<Title Action="GoTo" Page="96 ">Three Parameter Lognormal Calculations 80</Title> 8399<Title Action="GoTo" Page="99 ">Summary 83</Title>88104<Title Action="GoTo" Page="104 ">CHAPTER 5: IDENTIFICATION OF SIGNIFICANT FACTORS 88104<Title Action="GoTo" Page="104 ">Introduction 88</Title>88104<Title Action="GoTo" Page="104 ">Main Factors Affecting Stormwater Quality 88</Ti 90106<Title Action="GoTo" Page="106 ">Effects of Stormwater Controls on Stormwater Qua 96112<Title Action="GoTo" Page="112 ">Sampling Method Effects on Stormwater Concentrat 101117<Title Action="GoTo" Page="117 ">Sample Compositing Procedures 101</Title> 106122<Title Action="GoTo" Page="122 ">Sampling Period during Runoff Event and Selectio 108124<Title Action="GoTo" Page="124 ">Type of Conveyance 108</Title>113129<Title Action="GoTo" Page="129 ">Concentration Effects Associated with Varying Am 117133<Title Action="GoTo" Page="133 ">Seasonal Effects on Stormwater Quality 117</Titl 118134<Title Action="GoTo" Page="134 ">Precipitation Depth Effects on Stormwater Qualit 120136<Title Action="GoTo" Page="136 ">Antecedent Period without Rain before Monitored 124140<Title Action="GoTo" Page="140 ">Trends in Stormwater Quality with Time 124</Titl125141<Title Action="GoTo" Page="141 ">Summary 125</Title>127143<Title Action="GoTo" Page="143 ">CHAPTER 6: COMPARISONS OF FIRST 30-MINUTE SAMPLE 127143<Title Action="GoTo" Page="143 ">Introduction 127</Title>127143<Title Action="GoTo" Page="143 ">First Flush 127</Title>127143<Title Action="GoTo" Page="143 ">Methodology 127</Title>128144<Title Action="GoTo" Page="144 ">Initial Analyses 128</Title>130146<Title Action="GoTo" Page="146 ">Nonparametric Analyses 130</Title>132148<Title Action="GoTo" Page="148 ">Results 132</Title>133149<Title Action="GoTo" Page="149 ">Summary 133</Title>138154<Title Action="GoTo" Page="154 ">Conclusion 138</Title>139155<Title Action="GoTo" Page="155 ">CHAPTER 7: EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND GEOGRAPHICAL 139155<Title Action="GoTo" Page="155 ">Model Building using the NSQD 139</Title> 139155<Title Action="GoTo" Page="155 ">ANOVA Evaluation of Suspended Solids Data 139</T 140156<Title Action="GoTo" Page="156 ">Descriptive TSS Statistics 140</Title>151167<Title Action="GoTo" Page="167 ">Land Use and Geographical Area Effects for All C 152168<Title Action="GoTo" Page="168 ">Significant Land Use and Geographical Interactio 170186<Title Action="GoTo" Page="186 ">CHAPTER 8: EXAMPLE APPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL S 170186<Title Action="GoTo" Page="186 ">Overview 170</Title>170186<Title Action="GoTo" Page="186 ">Data Availability 170</Title>170186<Title Action="GoTo" Page="186 ">Urban Data 170</Title>171187<Title Action="GoTo" Page="187 ">Rural Data 171</Title>172188<Title Action="GoTo" Page="188 ">Summary of Data and Load Calculations 172</Title 182198<Title Action="GoTo" Page="198 ">Statistical Analyses Performed 182</Title> 182198<Title Action="GoTo" Page="198 ">Residential Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 184200<Title Action="GoTo" Page="200 ">Residential Area Total Phosphorus Data Analyses 188204<Title Action="GoTo" Page="204 ">Residential Area Total Nitrogen Data Analyses 18 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Commercial Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Commercial Area Total Phosphorus Analyses 190</T 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Commercial Area Total Nitrogen Analyses 190</Tit 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Industrial Area Total Suspended Solids Analyses 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Industrial Area Total Phosphorus Analyses 190</T 190206<Title Action="GoTo" Page="206 ">Industrial Area Total Nitrogen Analyses 190</Tit 191207<Title Action="GoTo" Page="207 ">Summary 191</Title>192208<Title Action="GoTo" Page="208 ">CHAPTER 9: FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS 192</Title> 192208<Title Action="GoTo" Page="208 ">Introduction 192</Title>192208<Title Action="GoTo" Page="208 ">Major Findings, as Reported in Report Chapters 1 192208<Title Action="GoTo" Page="208 ">Findings from Chapter 2: The National Stormwater 197213<Title Action="GoTo" Page="213 ">Findings from Chapter 3: QA/QC Procedures 197</T 198214<Title Action="GoTo" Page="214 ">Findings from Chapter 4: Stormwater Quality Desc 200216<Title Action="GoTo" Page="216 ">Findings from Chapter 5: Identification of Signi 207223<Title Action="GoTo" Page="223 ">Findings from Chapter 6: Comparisons of First 30 208224<Title Action="GoTo" Page="224 ">Findings from Chapter 7: Effects of Land Use and 211227<Title Action="GoTo" Page="227 ">Findings from Chapter 8: Example Application of 214230<Title Action="GoTo" Page="230 ">Research Hypotheses 214</Title>214230<Title Action="GoTo" Page="230 ">Research Hypothesis 1. Lognormal distributions a 215231<Title Action="GoTo" Page="231 ">Research Hypothesis 2. Censored data can be adeq 215231<Title Action="GoTo" Page="231 ">Research Hypothesis 3. Different levels of imper 215231<Title Action="GoTo" Page="231 ">Research Hypothesis 4. Antecedent dry periods ha 216232<Title Action="GoTo" Page="232 ">Research Hypothesis 5. Outfall samples collected 216232<Title Action="GoTo" Page="232 ">Recommendations for Future Stormwater Permit Mon 217233<Title Action="GoTo" Page="233 ">REFERENCES 217</Title>220236<Title Action="GoTo" Page="236 ">APPENDIX A: SITES INCLUDED IN THE DATABASE 220</ 239255<Title Action="GoTo" Page="255 ">APPENDIX B: MODIFIED VALUES IN THE DATABASE 239< 239255<Title Action="GoTo" Page="255 ">Description 239</Title>249265<Title Action="GoTo" Page="265 ">APPENDIX C: METHODS TO ESTIMATE NON-DETECTED VAL 249265<Title Action="GoTo" Page="265 ">Introduction 249</Title>249265<Title Action="GoTo" Page="265 ">Analysis of Multiple Censored Data 249</Title> 256272<Title Action="GoTo" Page="272 ">APPENDIX D: UNUSUAL SITES IDENTIFIED USING XBAR 256272<Title Action="GoTo" Page="272 ">Evaluation of the Methods Selected to Estimate N 256272<Title Action="GoTo" Page="272 ">Hardness 256</Title>257273<Title Action="GoTo" Page="273 ">Oil and Grease 257</Title>261277<Title Action="GoTo" Page="277 ">Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 261</Title>263279<Title Action="GoTo" Page="279 ">Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 263</Title>264280<Title Action="GoTo" Page="280 ">Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 264</Title> 266282<Title Action="GoTo" Page="282 ">Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 266</Title>268284<Title Action="GoTo" Page="284 ">Ammonia (NH3) 268</Title>270286<Title Action="GoTo" Page="286 ">Nitrite and Nitrate (NO2 + NO3) 270</Title> 272288<Title Action="GoTo" Page="288 ">Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) 272</Title> 274290<Title Action="GoTo" Page="290 ">Total Phosphorus 274</Title>275291<Title Action="GoTo" Page="291 ">Dissolved Phosphorus 275</Title>277293<Title Action="GoTo" Page="293 ">Total Cooper (Cu) 277</Title>279295<Title Action="GoTo" Page="295 ">Total Lead 279</Title>280296<Title Action="GoTo" Page="296 ">Total Zinc 280</Title>283299<Title Action="GoTo" Page="299 ">Sites with Unusual TSS Concentrations for Differ 283299<Title Action="GoTo" Page="299 ">Residential and Mixed Residential Locations 283< 285301<Title Action="GoTo" Page="301 ">Commercial and Mixed Commercial Locations 285</T 289305<Title Action="GoTo" Page="305 ">Industrial and Mixed Industrial Locations 289</T 333349<Title Action="GoTo" Page="349 ">APPENDIX E: FIRST FLUSH TABLES 333</Title> 333349<Title Action="GoTo" Page="349 ">Description 333</Title>347363<Title Action="GoTo" Page="363 ">APPENDIX F: DETAILED STATISTICAL TEST RESULTS TO 347363<Title Action="GoTo" Page="363 ">pH 347</Title>359375<Title Action="GoTo" Page="375 ">Temperature 359</Title>364380<Title Action="GoTo" Page="380 ">Hardness 364</Title>373389<Title Action="GoTo" Page="389 ">Oil and Grease 373</Title>380396<Title Action="GoTo" Page="396 ">Total Dissolved Solids 380</Title>388404<Title Action="GoTo" Page="404 ">Total Suspended Solids 388</Title>396412<Title Action="GoTo" Page="412 ">Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 5 day (BOD5) 396</Tit 404420<Title Action="GoTo" Page="420 ">Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 404</Title>411427<Title Action="GoTo" Page="427 ">Ammonia (NH3) 411</Title>417433<Title Action="GoTo" Page="433 ">Nitrite plus Nitrate (NO2 + NO3) 417</Title> 424440<Title Action="GoTo" Page="440 ">Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) 424</Title> 431447<Title Action="GoTo" Page="447 ">Total Phosphorus (P) 431</Title>438454<Title Action="GoTo" Page="454 ">Dissolved Phosphorus (dissolved – P) 438</Title 445461<Title Action="GoTo" Page="461 ">Total Copper (μg/L) (Cu) 445</Title>453469<Title Action="GoTo" Page="469 ">Total Lead (μg/L) (Pb) 453</Title>461477<Title Action="GoTo" Page="477 ">Total Zinc (μg/L) (Zn) 461</Title>MWATER QUALITY DATABASE (NSQD) DESCRIPTION 3</Title>Phase I Stormwater Data in the NSQD 6</Title>umns A through Y] 13</Title>n [Columns Z through AN] 16</Title>ents [Columns AO through BS] 19</Title>through CG] 21</Title>rough EK] 22</Title>ts [Columns EM through HW] 24</Title>Additional Supporting Information 24</Title>during NPDES Stormwater Monitoring 25</Title>th Existing Stormwater Databases 26</Title>EDURES 33</Title>ity Assurance 33</Title>cations 34</Title>42</Title>ution 43</Title>of Observations at Different Levels of Detection 52</Title>ed Observations on Calculating Mean and Standard Deviation Values 55</Title>an and Coefficient of Variation Values at Different Percentages of Censored Observations 56</Title> s Analyses at Different Levels of Censoring 61</Title>QUALITY DESCRIPTIONS USING THE THREE PARAMETER LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTION 67</Title>l High and Low Values on Probability Distribution Parameters 69</Title>ity of Stormwater Constituents Parameters 72</Title>rmal Calculations 80</Title>ATION OF SIGNIFICANT FACTORS AFFECTING STORMWATER QUALITY USING THE NSQD 88</Title>ng Stormwater Quality 88</Title>r Controls on Stormwater Quality 90</Title>cts on Stormwater Concentrations 96</Title>rocedures 101</Title>ng Runoff Event and Selection of Events to Sample 106</Title>08</Title>s Associated with Varying Amounts of Impervious Cover 113</Title>Stormwater Quality 117</Title>Effects on Stormwater Quality 118</Title>thout Rain before Monitored Event 120</Title>Quality with Time 124</Title>IRST 30-MINUTE SAMPLES TO 3-HOUR COMPOSITE SAMPLES 127</Title>es 130</Title>F LAND USE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION ON STORMWATER QUALITY 139</Title>the NSQD 139</Title>Suspended Solids Data 139</Title>istics 140</Title>hical Area Effects for All Constituents 151</Title>and Geographical Interactions Affecting MS4 Stormwater Quality 152</Title>PPLICATION OF THE NATIONAL STORMWATER QUALITY DATABASE (TSS AND NUTRIENT EXPORT CALCULATIONS FOR CHESAPEAKE B Load Calculations 172</Title>Performed 182</Title>al Suspended Solids Analyses 182</Title>al Phosphorus Data Analyses 184</Title>al Nitrogen Data Analyses 188</Title>l Suspended Solids Analyses 190</Title>l Phosphorus Analyses 190</Title>l Nitrogen Analyses 190</Title>l Suspended Solids Analyses 190</Title>l Phosphorus Analyses 190</Title>l Nitrogen Analyses 190</Title>AND CONCLUSIONS 192</Title>eported in Report Chapters 192</Title>r 2: The National Stormwater Quality Database (NSQD) Description 192</Title>r 3: QA/QC Procedures 197</Title>r 4: Stormwater Quality Descriptions Using the Three Parameter Lognormal Distribution 198</Title>r 5: Identification of Significant Factors Affecting Stormwater Quality Using the NSQD 200</Title>r 6: Comparisons of First 30-minute Samples to 3-hour Composite Samples 207</Title>r 7: Effects of Land Use and Geographical Location on Stormwater Quality 208</Title>r 8: Example Application of the National Stormwater Quality Database (TSS and Nutrient Export Calculations fo 214</Title>1. Lognormal distributions are robust descriptions of stormwater quality data and a few unusual values have l2. Censored data can be adequately adjusted by substituting half of the detection limit, with little resultin3. Different levels of imperviousness are more important than differences in land use categories when predict4. Antecedent dry periods have a significant effect on stormwater constituent concentrations. 215</Title>5. Outfall samples collected during the “first flush” periods of storms have significantly greater concentr Future Stormwater Permit Monitoring Activities 216</Title>CLUDED IN THE DATABASE 220</Title>VALUES IN THE DATABASE 239</Title>TO ESTIMATE NON-DETECTED VALUES IN STORMWATER DATASETS 249</Title>Censored Data 249</Title>SITES IDENTIFIED USING XBAR PLOTS 256</Title>thods Selected to Estimate Non-Detected Observations 256</Title>ds (TDS) 261</Title>ds (TSS) 263</Title>emand (BOD5) 264</Title>nd (COD) 266</Title>(NO2 + NO3) 270</Title>gen (TKN) 272</Title>275</Title>SS Concentrations for Different Land Uses 283</Title>d Residential Locations 283</Title>Commercial Locations 285</Title>Industrial Locations 289</Title>USH TABLES 333</Title>STATISTICAL TEST RESULTS TO IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT LAND USE AND GEOGRAPHICAL INTERACTIONS 347</Title> ds 380</Title>ds 388</Title>emand, 5 day (BOD5) 396</Title>nd (COD) 404</Title>(NO2 + NO3) 417</Title>gen (TKN) 424</Title>431</Title>(dissolved – P) 438</Title>(Cu) 445</Title>Pb) 453</Title>Zn) 461</Title>56</Title>IONS FOR CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHEDS) 170</Title>tion 198</Title>NSQD 200</Title>rient Export Calculations for Chesapeake Bay Watersheds) 211</Title>a few unusual values have little effect on dataset summary statistical descriptions. 214</Title> limit, with little resulting effects on the mean and variance of stormwater datasets. 215</Title> use categories when predicting stormwater constituent concentrations. 215</Title>centrations. 215</Title>gnificantly greater concentrations than total storm composite samples. 216</Title>。